CEFR Level
Relating to the Celsius temperature scale, where water freezes at 0° and boils at 100°.
"The weather forecast predicted 30 degrees centigrade."
a long thin creature with many legs that lives in dark places
"I found a centipede crawling under the rock."
the state of being sure or confident about something
"There is no certainty about the weather tomorrow."
the process of officially recognizing or confirming that something or someone meets required standards; an official document proving qualification
"She received her professional certification after completing the training program."
a large room used for formal or public events, or a private room.
"The king held meetings in his private chamber."
a lizard known for its ability to change color to blend with its surroundings.
"The chameleon changed its color to hide from predators."
The discipline that guides how we prepare, equip and support individuals, teams and organizations in making organizational change.
"Change management ensures smooth transitions."
able to be changed; likely to change frequently
"The weather is very changeable in spring."
To say or sing something repeatedly in a rhythmic way.
"The crowd began to chant the team's name during the match."
A state of complete disorder and confusion.
"The sudden storm caused chaos in the city."
Completely disordered or confusing.
"The classroom became chaotic when the teacher left."
A small church or a room used for Christian worship, often within a larger building.
"The couple got married in a small countryside chapel."
The process of creating a believable character in fiction by giving the character depth and personality.
"The character development of Sydney Carton is profound."
to describe or portray the distinctive features or qualities of someone or something
"The author characterizes the hero as brave and selfless."
a special charm or appeal that inspires devotion or attraction in others
"The leader's charisma inspired thousands of followers."
generous in giving to those in need; showing kindness
"She is known for her charitable work in the community."
a written document granting rights or privileges; to hire a vehicle or vessel for temporary use
"The company decided to charter a bus for the trip."
tacky, overly sentimental, or cheap in quality
"The movie was funny but a bit too cheesy."
Waste material from industrial or laboratory processes that contains harmful chemicals.
"Chemical waste pollutes water bodies."
To hold something dear, to love and protect, or to keep a hope or memory alive.
"She cherishes the memories of her childhood home."
the pink or white flowers of a cherry tree that bloom in spring
"The cherry blossoms bloom beautifully in April."
round beige legume; protein-rich pulse used in various dishes
"Soak the chick peas overnight before cooking them for better digestion."
mainly; primarily
"The festival is celebrated chiefly by young people."
innocent and trusting like a child; having the good qualities of a child; pure and simple
"She maintained a childlike wonder about the world around her."
a fatty substance found in the blood, high levels of which can cause health problems
"High cholesterol can increase the risk of heart disease."
very careful in choosing; selective; particular about what one likes or accepts
"He's very choosy about the restaurants where he eats."
very careful in choosing; selective
"She is very choosy about the clothes she wears."
a tool with a heavy blade for chopping wood; a helicopter
"The lumberjack swung the chopper to cut down the tree."
A group of musical notes played or sung together; also a straight line segment joining two points on a curve.
"She strummed a simple chord on the guitar."
A routine task, especially a household duty.
"Washing the dishes is my least favorite chore."
a group of singers or the part of a song that is repeated
"The children sang the chorus loudly."
the title given to Jesus, considered the Messiah in Christianity
"Christ is central to Christian faith."
Lasting for a long time or constantly recurring, often describing illness.
"She suffers from chronic back pain."
Arranged in the order in which events happened.
"The events were listed in chronological order."
slightly fat in a way that looks healthy and pleasant
"The baby has chubby cheeks."
a thick or solid piece of something
"She cut the cake into large chunks."
aromatic spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species
"Cinnamon is often used in baking and desserts."
A roughly circular line, route, or movement that starts and ends at the same place; also an electrical pathway.
"The runners completed the circuit around the park."
shaped like a circle; round in form
"The kids sat in a circular arrangement around the campfire."
An economic system aimed at eliminating waste and the continual use of resources through reuse, sharing, repair, refurbishment, remanufacturing and recycling.
"Adopting a circular economy can reduce waste."
to move continuously or freely through a closed system or area
"Air circulated freely in the open hall."
the movement of something (like blood, air, or information) through a system or area.
"The circulation of blood is essential for a healthy body."
the distance around the edge of a circle
"The teacher asked us to calculate the circumference of the circle."
To refer to or quote a source as evidence or justification.
"She cited several studies to support her argument."
relating to a city, town, or the duties of its citizens
"The mayor encouraged people to take part in civic activities."
a person not in the armed forces or police
"The area was evacuated to protect the civilians."
The action of making a statement or situation less confused and more clearly comprehensible.
"The manager requested clarification on the project details."
To make something clear and easier to understand.
"The teacher tried to clarify the difficult concept for the students."
the quality of being clear, easy to understand, or transparent
"The teacher's clarity helped the students understand the complex topic."
to come into conflict or collision with something or someone.
"The two cars clashed in the intersection."
