CEFR Level
in a state of confusion, disorder, or upside down
"The sudden announcement left the office in a topsy-turvy state."
A self-propelled underwater missile; to attack or destroy something suddenly and forcefully.
"The submarine launched a torpedo at the enemy ship."
A strong and fast-moving stream of water; a sudden, violent outpouring of something.
"A torrent of rain flooded the streets."
Relating to or resembling a torrent; very heavy and fast flowing.
"The hikers were caught in torrential rain."
Very hot and dry; full of strong emotions or passion.
"The desert heat was torrid during the day."
Full of twists and turns; excessively complex or complicated.
"The tortuous mountain road made driving very difficult."
Extremely painful or causing great suffering; relating to or involving torture.
"The journey through the desert was long and torturous."
A natural object, animal, or symbol that is revered as a spiritual emblem by a group or tribe.
"The eagle is considered a sacred totem in many cultures."
To move unsteadily, as if about to fall; to be on the point of collapse.
"The old man tottered across the street with a cane."
Small corrections or improvements made to something.
"The artist gave a quick touch-up to the painting."
easily offended or sensitive to criticism or remarks
"Be careful what you say, he's very touchy about his work."
Harmful or poisonous substances released into the environment, especially the atmosphere.
"Toxic emissions from vehicles pollute the atmosphere."
the tube that carries air from the throat to the lungs; windpipe
"The trachea is protected by cartilage rings that keep it open."
an area of land; a system of organs in the body; a written pamphlet
"The forest tract was preserved as a wildlife sanctuary."
The simplification, modernization and harmonization of export and import processes.
"Trade facilitation boosts economic growth."
The path followed by a moving object under the influence of forces like gravity.
"The scientist calculated the rocket's trajectory."
to walk heavily or noisily; a person who travels from place to place on foot, often homeless
"They tramped through the forest in heavy boots."
a half-conscious state like dreaming, often with loss of awareness of surroundings
"She stared out of the window as if in a trance."
to make someone or something calm or less anxious, often by using drugs
"The veterinarian had to tranquilize the tiger before moving it."
to conduct or carry out business, a deal, or activity
"Customers can transact their banking online."
crossing or spanning the Atlantic Ocean
"They took a transatlantic flight from New York to London."
to go beyond the limits of something; to surpass or exceed
"Her art transcends traditional boundaries."
Existence or experience beyond the normal or physical level.
"Meditation leads to a state of transcendence beyond worldly concerns."
beyond ordinary limits; surpassing or excelling
"The singer delivered a transcendent performance."
relating to the spiritual or non-physical realm; surpassing ordinary experience
"Meditation can lead to transcendental experiences."
to make a written copy of spoken words or notes
"The secretary transcribed the meeting minutes."
Able to be moved, passed, or changed from one person, place, or situation to another.
"The ticket is transferable to another passenger."
The act of moving something from one place, person, or situation to another.
"The transference of knowledge is essential in education."
A person who transfers something, such as property, rights, or responsibilities, to another.
"The transferrer is responsible for ensuring the property is legally passed on."
the process of transferring blood or another fluid into a person's vein
"The patient received a blood transfusion after the accident."
to go beyond the limits of a moral law, command, or boundary; to sin
"He apologized after realizing he had transgressed the community's rules."
an act that goes against a law, rule, or code of conduct; a violation or sin
"The court forgave his first transgression but warned him not to repeat it."
Lasting only for a short time; temporary.
"The transient nature of the storm surprised everyone."
Not permanent; lasting a short time.
"Their happiness was transitory, soon replaced by reality."
allowing light to pass through, but not clearly enough to see detailed images
"She placed the flower in a translucent vase."
The process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere.
"Transpiration plays a key role in maintaining atmospheric moisture."
to occur, happen, or become known
"It transpired that he had lied about his age."
situated or lying across something
"The transverse road connects two highways."
the outward signs, features, or objects associated with a role, event, or status
"The king appeared with all the trappings of royalty."
To travel across or through something.
"They traversed the desert on camels."
Dangerously unstable or deceptive; likely to betray trust.
"The treacherous road made driving difficult."
Betrayal of trust; deceptive action or nature.
"His treachery was revealed when he sided with the enemy."
A thick, sweet syrup; excessively sentimental speech or writing.
"She poured treacle over the pancakes."
the crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill or overthrow the sovereign or government
"He was accused of treason against the state."
a person responsible for managing the financial affairs of an organization
"The treasurer presented the annual financial report."
a formal and systematic written work dealing with a subject in detail
"He wrote a treatise on modern economic theory."
