CEFR Level
Relating to the most exciting or important moment of something.
"The film ended with a climactic battle scene."
The moderation of climate conditions through natural or artificial processes.
"Forests help in climate regulation by stabilizing local temperatures."
Able to cope with the adverse effects of climate change; sustainable and adaptable.
"Climate-resilient crops can survive extreme weather conditions."
To secure or settle something decisively; to grasp tightly.
"The team clinched the championship with a last-minute goal."
a small, exclusive group of people
"The students formed a clique that excluded others."
to block or become blocked; a type of heavy wooden shoe
"The sink was clogged with food waste."
a thick mass of coagulated liquid, especially blood; to form such a mass.
"The doctor removed a blood clot from the patient."
influence or power, especially in politics or business
"The businessman has a lot of political clout."
a person who drives a horse-drawn carriage or coach
"The coachman skillfully guided the horses through the busy streets."
to come together to form one whole or unite into a single entity
"The two political parties decided to coalesce for the election."
to persuade someone gently or gradually to do something
"She managed to coax the cat out of the tree with some food."
a person who repairs shoes and other leather goods
"The cobbler fixed my broken shoes perfectly."
a large parrot with a prominent crest that can be raised or lowered
"The white cockatoo raised its beautiful crest."
to arrange laws, rules, or ideas into a clear and systematic code
"The committee worked to codify the existing laws."
to persuade or force someone to do something by using threats or pressure
"They tried to coerce him into signing the contract."
the practice of forcing someone to act in a certain way by using threats or pressure
"The confession was obtained through coercion."
Relating to or using force or threats to make someone do something.
"The government faced criticism for adopting coercive measures against protestors."
A tooth on the rim of a wheel or gear; metaphorically, a minor but necessary part of a larger system.
"He felt like just a small cog in a big machine."
The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
"Sleep is essential for proper cognition and memory retention."
having knowledge or being aware of something
"She is fully cognizant of the challenges ahead."
To live together, often as partners without being married.
"They decided to cohabit before getting married."
The quality of being logical and consistent.
"His argument lacked coherence and was difficult to understand."
The act or state of sticking together or being united.
"Team cohesion is essential for success."
Characterized by or causing unity and sticking together.
"The team presented a cohesive strategy."
Groups or organizations that work together as unified wholes, with members closely bound together.
"Early humans formed cohesive units for survival."
A group of people with a shared characteristic, usually of the same age or with a common experience.
"The study tracked a cohort of students over ten years."
Groups of people who share a common feature or experience.
"Researchers compared the health outcomes of different cohorts."
Occurring at the same time; occupying the same position in space or time.
"The festival was coincident with the national holiday."
A bowl with holes used for draining liquid from food such as pasta or vegetables.
"She poured the pasta into a colander to drain the water."
able to be folded down or reduced in size
"She bought a collapsible chair for camping."
either of the pair of bones joining the breastbone to the shoulder blades; clavicle
"He broke his collar-bone in the accident."
to collect, arrange, and combine in order
"The secretary collated the reports before the meeting."
something pledged as security for repayment of a loan
"He used his house as collateral for the bank loan."
The practice or principle of giving a group priority over each individual in it.
"Collectivism emphasizes the importance of group over individual interests."
used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary
"She used colloquial expressions in her speech to connect with the audience."
a word or phrase used in informal speech or writing
"The novel is full of regional colloquialisms."
To secretly cooperate or conspire with others, often for a deceitful purpose.
"The two companies colluded to fix prices in the market."
A secret agreement or cooperation, especially for an illegal or dishonest purpose.
"There was evidence of collusion between the officials and the contractors."
Extremely large in size, extent, or degree; gigantic.
"The company made a colossal investment in renewable energy."
a young male horse, especially one under four years old
"The farmer trained the young colt to accept a saddle."
a journalist who regularly writes articles or opinions for a newspaper or magazine
"The columnist wrote an article about climate change."
A deep state of prolonged unconsciousness caused by illness or injury.
"The patient remained in a coma for several weeks."
An economic system where economic activities are controlled by the government.
"In a command economy, the government controls production and prices."
the supreme leader of a nation's armed forces
"The president serves as the commander-in-chief of the military."
To honor and remember someone or something through a ceremony or action.
"The statue was built to commemorate the fallen heroes."
Serving as a reminder or in honor of a person or event.
"They issued a commemorative coin for the independence anniversary."
the beginning of something; a ceremony for conferring academic degrees
"The commencement of the project was delayed by two weeks."
Praiseworthy efforts or actions that deserve admiration and approval.
"The commendable initiatives aim to raise awareness."
The action of sending a person to prison or a mental hospital; also the act of committing something to a particular place.
"The judge ordered the committal of the accused to custody."
A large freshwater fish widely cultivated for food
"Common carp is an important fish in aquaculture."
