to learn by making mistakes or through difficult experiences
間違いや困難な経験を通して学ぶ (machigai ya konnan na keiken o tōshite manabu)
"He learned the hard way that honesty is the best policy."
"彼は 苦労して学んだ ことが、正直さが最良の政策であること。" (Kare wa **kurō shite mananda** koto ga, shōjiki-sa ga sairyō no seisaku de aru koto.)
something that has great potential to become exceptional
to work for many hours
to think in an unconventional or creative way
to remain courageous and confident despite difficulties
to have surgery
Going from a bad situation to an even worse one.