CEFR Level
a belief or practice considered irrational or supernatural
"Breaking a mirror brings seven years of bad luck is a common superstition."
to oversee or manage the work or activities of others
"She was hired to supervise the new team."
the action or process of overseeing or managing something or someone
"The project was completed under the supervision of an experienced manager."
a person who manages or directs the work of others
"The supervisor checked the progress of each employee."
Something added to complete or enhance; to add extra to make up for a deficiency.
"She takes vitamin supplements to improve her health."
Additional, completing, or enhancing something else.
"The teacher gave supplementary materials to help the students prepare for exams."
a person or company that provides goods or services
"The supplier delivered the products on time."
providing encouragement or emotional help to someone
"She was very supportive during my difficult times."
used to show that something is believed or claimed to be true, though it may not be
"He is supposedly the best player on the team."
to forcibly put an end to something; to restrain or hold back an action, feeling, or development
"The government tried to suppress the protest."
highest in rank or authority
"He is the supreme leader of the country."
to move suddenly and powerfully forward or upward
"The crowd surged forward when the gates opened."
a doctor who performs medical operations
"The surgeon performed a complex heart operation."
relating to or involving surgery
"She underwent surgical treatment to repair the damage."
a hereditary name common to all members of a family; family name
"Please write your first name and surname on the form."
An amount that is more than what is needed.
"The country has a surplus of food this year."
to give up or yield to an opponent or authority
"The army finally surrendered after weeks of fighting."
located all around a particular place or thing; nearby
"The surrounding hills were covered in mist."
The area around a person, place, or thing.
"She quickly adapted to her new surroundings."
Close observation of a person, place, or activity, often for security purposes.
"The area is under constant surveillance by security cameras."
noun: an examination or inspection; verb: to examine or measure (an area or subject)
"They conducted a survey to understand customer preferences."
the state of continuing to live or exist, typically in difficult conditions
"Survival in the wild can be a challenging experience."
a person who survives, especially in difficult conditions
"The survivors of the shipwreck were rescued after several days."
To temporarily stop something from being active or valid.
"The company decided to suspend his membership."
Temporarily not allowed, stopped, or hanging.
"He was suspended from school for a week."
A state of mental uncertainty, anxiety, or excitement about what may happen next.
"The movie kept the audience in suspense until the very end."
The act of temporarily stopping something; also refers to a system in vehicles that absorbs shock.
"The player received a three-game suspension for misconduct."
a feeling or belief that someone has done something wrong or illegal
"He was arrested on suspicion of theft."
Feeling doubt or distrust about someone or something.
"She gave me a suspicious look when I entered late."
To support, maintain, or keep something going over time.
"The team worked hard to sustain their success."
The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.
"Sustainability in agriculture ensures long-term food security."
able to continue over a long period without causing harm to the environment or using up resources
"We must adopt sustainable energy practices."
Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
"Eco-tourism contributes to sustainable development in local communities."
Strengthened and supported; not allowed to weaken or fail.
"The proposal was not sustained."
to make food or drink go down your throat into your stomach
"He swallowed the pill with a glass of water."
An area of low-lying, uncultivated ground where water collects; a bog or marsh.
"The village was built near a swamp."
A large group of insects or people moving together.
"A swarm of bees surrounded the tree."
To make a solemn statement or promise; to use offensive language.
"He swore to tell the truth in court."
An offensive or rude word used to express anger or frustration.
"He shouted a swear-word when he hit his toe."
to clean or clear (an area) by brushing away dirt or debris
"She swept the floor before going to bed."
a person whose job is to clean floors and streets by sweeping
"The sweeper cleaned the school corridor every morning."
to increase in size or volume, often due to internal pressure or emotional intensity
"Her ankle began to swell after the injury."
to move back and forth or from side to side
"The children love to swing in the park."
to move your finger across a touch screen or to hit with a sweeping motion
"He swiped left on the photo."
a weapon with a long metal blade used for fighting
"The knight drew his sword to defend the castle."
An outline or summary of topics to be covered in a course of study.
"The professor handed out the syllabus on the first day of class."
a mark, sign, or object that represents something else
"The heart is a symbol of love."
serving as a symbol or representing something else
"The dove is symbolic of peace and freedom."
