change of guard
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idiom

change of guard

领导或权力的更替
Meaning
a change in leadership or authority
Example
There has been a **change of guard** in the ruling party.
在执政党发生了**换防**。
idiom

A peaceful mind is a happy mind

心境的平静带来幸福和满足。
Meaning
Mental calmness leads to happiness and contentment.
Example
She believes that **a peaceful mind is a happy mind**.
她认为**平静的心灵是幸福的心灵**。
idiom

sadder but wiser

失望，但从经历中学到了
Meaning
disappointed but having learned from the experience
Example
After that mistake, she was **sadder but wiser**.
在那个错误之后，她变得 **更悲伤但更聪明**。
idiom

judge, jury, and executioner

控制所有判决和惩罚某人的部分
Meaning
to control all parts of judging and punishing someone
Example
He acted as **judge, jury, and executioner** in the matter.
他在这件事上充当了**法官，陪审团和刽子手**。
idiom

ink in

以书面形式安排或确认某事
Meaning
to schedule or confirm something in writing
Example
I’ll **ink in** the interview for Tuesday morning.
我将安排周二早上的面试。
idiom

the bottom has fallen out

一种情况，其中某些东西突然失败或崩溃
Meaning
a situation in which something has suddenly failed or collapsed
Example
The market for tech stocks has crashed; the **bottom has fallen out**.
科技股市场崩溃了；底部已经坍塌。
idiom

artificial instinct

机器做出看似自然或类似人类的决策的能力
Meaning
a machine’s ability to make decisions that seem natural or human-like
Example
The new model shows a kind of **artificial instinct** while driving.
新模型在驾驶时展示了一种**人工本能**。
idiom

square away

以整洁的方式整理或完成某事
Meaning
to organize or finish something neatly
Example
We need to **square away** the paperwork before the audit.
我们需要在审计前整理文件。
idiom

speak your mind

直言不讳地表达自己的想法
Meaning
to say exactly what you think
Example
Don't be afraid to **speak your mind**.
不要害怕直言不讳地表达自己的想法。
idiom

Share a smile

微笑并给他人带来快乐
Meaning
to smile and bring happiness to others
Example
It's easy to **share a smile** and brighten someone's day.
很容易**谢尔 啊 斯迈尔**并让某人的一天变得更好。
idiom

jump in

迅速加入某个活动
Meaning
to join an activity quickly
Example
Feel free to **jump in** if you have suggestions.
如果你有建议，请随时**加入**。
idiom

sing the same tune

与他人持有相同的观点
Meaning
to have the same opinion as someone else
Example
Both managers **sing the same tune** about company policy.
两位经理对公司政策意见一致。
idiom

Make a clean break

完全与某事或某人分离，通常是为了新的开始。
Meaning
To completely separate from something or someone, often for a fresh start.
Example
He decided to **make a clean break** from his old habits.
他决定 **彻底摆脱** 他的旧习惯。
idiom

You can do it

要有信心; 相信自己的能力。
Meaning
Have confidence; believe in your ability.
Example
Don’t doubt yourself, **you can do it**!
不要怀疑自己，你可以做到！
idiom

in high spirits

感到高兴和快乐
Meaning
feeling cheerful and happy
Example
Everyone was **in high spirits** during the festival.
在节日期间，每个人都兴高采烈。
idiom

Give the shirt off your back

尽一切所能去帮助某人
Meaning
to give everything you can to help someone
Example
She would **give the shirt off her back** if it meant helping her friends.
如果能帮助她的朋友，她会**脱下背上的衬衫**。
idiom

mad as a hornet

非常生气
Meaning
very angry
Example
She was **mad as a hornet** when she found her phone broken.
她发现她的手机坏了时，**非常生气**。
idiom

fan out

在区域内扩展
Meaning
to spread out over an area
Example
Volunteers will **fan out** across the park.
志愿者将在公园内分布开来。
idiom

reinvent the wheel

浪费时间创造已经存在的东西
Meaning
to waste time creating something that already exists
Example
Don’t **reinvent the wheel**; use the existing design.
不要**重新发明轮子**; 使用现有设计。
idiom

wave the white flag

投降或放弃
Meaning
to surrender or give up
Example
After a long debate, he finally **waved the white flag**.
经过长时间的辩论，他终于**放弃了**。
idiom

Take it easy

放松，不要太担心。
Meaning
To relax and not worry too much.
Example
**Take it easy**, everything will be fine.
放松，一切都会好起来的。
idiom

put one's foot down

作出坚定的决定或在某事上采取强硬立场
Meaning
to make a firm decision or take a strong stand on something
Example
She had to **put her foot down** and say no to the proposal.
她不得不**坚持立场**并拒绝了那个提议。
idiom

bring forward

将某物移至较早的时间
Meaning
to move something to an earlier time
Example
We had to **bring forward** the meeting due to travel.
由于旅行，我们不得不提前会议。
idiom

gain the upper ground

获得优势或优越地位
Meaning
to achieve a position of advantage or superiority
Example
The opposition **gained the upper ground** after the scandal.
在丑闻发生后，反对派取得了上风。
idiom

pioneer new ideas

引入或创造新的概念或方法
Meaning
to introduce or create new concepts or methods
Example
He is always looking to **pioneer new ideas** in his field.
他总是在他的领域中寻找机会去**开创新的想法**。
idiom

upload your thoughts

在网上表达或分享自己的想法
Meaning
to express or share one’s ideas online
Example
People love to **upload their thoughts** on social media.
人们喜欢在社交媒体上上传自己的想法。
idiom

sliding into DMs

在社交媒体上向某人发送私人消息，通常是调情
Meaning
to send a private message to someone on social media, often flirtatiously
Example
He started **sliding into her DMs** after seeing her post.
看到她的帖子后，他开始给她发私信。
idiom

laugh off

把某事当作玩笑来搪塞或不当回事
Meaning
to dismiss something by treating it as a joke
Example
She tried to **laugh off** the mistake during the presentation.
她试图在演讲中把那个错误当作玩笑来搪塞过去。
idiom

That ship has sailed

这个机会已经过去，不能再使用。
Meaning
That opportunity is gone and cannot be used anymore.
Example
I wanted to apply for that job, but **that ship has sailed**.
我想申请那份工作，但**这个机会已经过去了**。
idiom

call it a night

停止正在做的事并回家，特别是在派对后
Meaning
to stop what you are doing and go home, especially after a party
Example
It’s getting late, let’s **call it a night**.
已经很晚了，我们回家吧。
idiom

bend over backwards

付出巨大努力帮助或取悦某人
Meaning
to make a great effort to help or please someone
Example
She **bent over backwards** to make the event successful.
她竭尽全力使活动成功。
idiom

kind words cost nothing

善良不需要花费努力或金钱
Meaning
being kind doesn’t take effort or money
Example
Remember, **kind words cost nothing**.
记住，善良的话不花任何代价。
idiom

on the witness stand

在法庭上作证
Meaning
to be giving testimony in court
Example
The victim was nervous while **on the witness stand**.
受害者在证人席上很紧张。
idiom

a tough decision to make

一个难以做出的决定，因为潜在的后果
Meaning
a decision that is difficult to make because of the potential consequences
Example
Choosing between two job offers was **a tough decision to make**.
在两个工作机会之间做出选择是一个艰难的决定。
idiom

law of the jungle

强者生存；缺乏秩序或法律
Meaning
survival of the strongest; lack of order or law
Example
In war, the **law of the jungle** often applies.
在战争中，**丛林法则**常常适用。
idiom

take the time to listen

努力去理解或关心他人的感受
Meaning
to make an effort to understand or care about someone else's feelings
Example
Sometimes, all we need is to **take the time to listen** to others' problems.
有时候，我们只需要**花时间听听**他人的问题。
idiom

the tipping point

变化变得不可阻挡的时刻
Meaning
the moment when a change becomes unstoppable
Example
Climate change has reached **the tipping point** for action.
气候变化已经达到了行动的临界点。
idiom

a cut above

比其他人更好；在质量或能力上更强
Meaning
better than others; superior in quality or ability
Example
Her work is **a cut above** the rest.
她的工作 **远超他人**。
idiom

face up to

jiēshòu bìng miànduì yī gè nán de qíngkuàng
Meaning
to accept and confront a difficult situation
Example
It’s time to **face up to** the staffing gaps.
Shì shíjiān **miànduì** zhíyuán quēxiàn.
idiom

catch lightning in a bottle

通过创造力或运气实现惊人而稀有的事情
Meaning
to achieve something amazing and rare through creativity or luck
Example
Their new design **caught lightning in a bottle**.
他们的新设计**抓住了瓶中的闪电**
idiom

brand loyalty

消费者倾向于不断购买相同品牌的趋势
Meaning
the tendency of consumers to keep buying the same brand
Example
**Brand loyalty** often depends on consistent quality.
**品牌忠诚度**通常依赖于持续的质量。
idiom

carry out one's duties

执行分配给自己的任务或责任
Meaning
to perform one's assigned tasks or responsibilities
Example
He always **carries out his duties** with honesty and dedication.
他总是以诚实和奉献精神完成自己的职责。
idiom

back on your feet

恢复健康了
Meaning
recovered and healthy again
Example
It’s good to see you **back on your feet** after the flu.
很高兴看到你在得流感后恢复健康。
idiom

ring the changes

对某事进行改变，使其更加有趣或有效
Meaning
to make changes to something to make it more interesting or effective
Example
The restaurant decided to **ring the changes** with a new menu.
餐厅决定通过新的菜单进行改变。
idiom

feel under pressure

由于责任或期望而感到压力或焦虑
Meaning
to feel stressed or anxious due to responsibilities or expectations
Example
She's **feeling under pressure** to meet the deadline.
她**感到压力**，以完成最后期限。
idiom

point the finger

指责或怪罪某人
Meaning
to accuse or blame someone
Example
Don’t **point the finger** until you have all the facts.
在你没有所有事实之前，不要指责别人。
idiom

set the standard

设定一个卓越的典范，供他人争取达到
Meaning
to establish an example of excellence that others strive to reach
Example
Her work ethic has **set the standard** for the entire team.
她的工作伦理为整个团队**设定了标准**。
idiom

bend the law

以不诚实的方式利用法律来达到目的
Meaning
to use the law in a dishonest way to achieve something
Example
Some lawyers know how to **bend the law** to help their clients.
一些律师知道如何**钻法律的空子**来帮助他们的客户。
idiom

face a system error

经历突然的故障或崩溃
Meaning
to experience a sudden failure or breakdown
Example
Our plans **faced a system error** when the deal was canceled.
当交易被取消时，我们的计划**遇到了系统错误**。
idiom

backdoor entry

一种秘密或非官方的方式进入某物
Meaning
a secret or unofficial way to access something
Example
Hackers found a **backdoor entry** into the company’s database.
黑客找到了公司数据库中的**后门入口**。
idiom

Know something inside out

非常熟悉某事
Meaning
To know something very well
Example
She **knows the syllabus inside out**.
她非常熟悉这门课程。
idiom

put your faith in

信任或相信某人或某事
Meaning
to trust or believe in someone or something
Example
She decided to **put her faith in** her friends to help her.
她决定**把信任寄托在**她的朋友身上，以帮助她。
idiom

march to the beat of your own drum

独立行事，遵循自己的想法
Meaning
to act independently and follow your own ideas
Example
She doesn’t care about trends; she **marches to the beat of her own drum**.
她不在乎潮流; 她**按照自己的节奏前进**。
idiom

to hit the jackpot

取得巨大成功或赚很多钱
Meaning
to achieve great success or gain a lot of money
Example
After years of hard work, she finally **hit the jackpot** with her startup.
经过多年的努力工作，她最终通过她的创业公司中了大奖。
idiom

test the waters

在完全投入之前先尝试一下
Meaning
to try something out before committing fully
Example
Before launching the product, we decided to **test the waters**.
在推出产品之前，我们决定**试水**。
idiom

play a role

在某事中起作用
Meaning
to have a part in something
Example
Everyone **played a role** in making the show successful.
每个人都在让演出成功中起了作用。
idiom

break the problem down

将复杂的问题分解成较小、更易管理的部分
Meaning
to divide a complex problem into smaller, more manageable parts
Example
Let's **break the problem down** into smaller steps.
让我们把问题分解成较小的步骤
idiom

ahead of the pack

比竞争对手更成功
Meaning
to be more successful than competitors
Example
Her innovative ideas always keep her **ahead of the pack**.
她的创新想法总是让她保持在竞争对手之前。
idiom

kick around

非正式地讨论想法
Meaning
to discuss ideas informally
Example
We can **kick around** some concepts after lunch.
我们可以在午餐后讨论一些概念。
idiom

make yourself at home

在家时感到舒适和放松
Meaning
to feel comfortable and relaxed as if you were at home
Example
Please **make yourself at home** while I get the tea.
请在**家里感到自在**，当我给你沏茶。
idiom

a splash of color

为了效果而添加的小量明亮颜色
Meaning
a small amount of bright color added for effect
Example
Add **a splash of color** to make the room lively.
添加**一抹色彩**让房间更有生气。
idiom

put one's cards on the table

对自己的意图诚实并且开放
Meaning
to be honest and open about one’s intentions
Example
The negotiator decided to **put his cards on the table** to speed up talks.
谈判代表决定将自己的卡片摆到桌面上，以加快谈判进程。
idiom

for what it’s worth

用于提出一个可能有用也可能无用的观点
Meaning
used to introduce an opinion that may or may not be useful
Example
**For what it’s worth**, I think you did the right thing.
就我所知，我认为你做得对。
idiom

fulfill one's obligations

履行自己的义务
Meaning
to complete or carry out one's duties
Example
He always tries to **fulfill his obligations** to his clients.
他总是努力履行对客户的义务。
idiom

own the mistake

承担做错事的责任
Meaning
to take responsibility for doing something wrong
Example
A good leader knows how to **own the mistake** and learn from it.
一个好的领导知道如何承担错误并从中学习。
idiom

seat of power

一个权力或控制被行使的地方
Meaning
a place where authority or control is exercised
Example
The prime minister returned to the **seat of power** after a long illness.
总理在长时间生病后回到了**xī tè ān dé tàiyì ér de ào fū**。
idiom

have someone's back

支持或保护某人
Meaning
to support or defend someone
Example
Don’t worry—I **have your back**.
别担心——我支持你。
idiom

faithful to the end

长时间保持忠诚和支持
Meaning
staying loyal and supportive for a long time
Example
She was **faithful to the end** in her relationship.
她在她的关系中**忠诚到底**。
idiom

go off on a tangent

突然开始谈论无关的话题
Meaning
to suddenly start talking about something unrelated
Example
He tends to **go off on a tangent** when discussing politics.
他谈论政治时常常偏离话题。
idiom

Like two peas in a pod

两个非常相似或亲近的人。
Meaning
Two people who are very similar or close.
Example
John and Mike are **like two peas in a pod**. They think alike and do everything together.
约翰和迈克是**像豌豆荚里的两颗豌豆**。他们想法相同，一起做所有的事情。
idiom

True to your word

做你说会做的事情。
Meaning
To do exactly what you say you’ll do.
Example
He was **true to his word** and kept his promise.
他言出必行，履行了他的承诺。
idiom

keep the fire burning

保持火焰
Meaning
to stay motivated and passionate about something
Example
Even after failure, he managed to **keep the fire burning**.
即使失败后，他仍然能够保持火焰。
idiom

Put the pedal to the metal

付出更大的努力，并更加努力地工作。
Meaning
To push harder and make a greater effort.
Example
We need to **put the pedal to the metal** if we want to meet the deadline.
如果我们想按时完成，我们需要**把油门踩到底**。
idiom

Cultural shock

当接触到不同的文化或生活方式时的困惑感
Meaning
A feeling of confusion when exposed to a different culture or way of life
Example
Moving from a small village to a big city gave me **cultural shock**.
从一个小村庄搬到大城市让我感到文化冲击。
idiom

buy a lemon

买到有缺陷或无价值的东西
Meaning
to buy something that is defective or worthless
Example
He **bought a lemon** when he got that used car.
当他买到那辆二手车时，他**买了一个柠檬**。
idiom

win the peace

在冲突后成功维持和平
Meaning
to succeed in maintaining peace after a conflict
Example
The treaty was a success, but they still had to **win the peace**.
条约很成功，但他们仍然必须**赢得和平**。
idiom

fall on deaf ears

当建议或投诉被忽视时
Meaning
when advice or complaints are ignored
Example
His apology **fell on deaf ears**.
他的道歉**落入耳朵里**。
idiom

speaking for myself

只陈述个人意见，而非他人
Meaning
stating one’s personal opinion only, not others’
Example
**Speaking for myself**, I think we should wait.
**就我而言**，我认为我们应该等待。
idiom

meet someone halfway

同意与某人妥协
Meaning
to agree to compromise with someone
Example
We finally **met each other halfway** and agreed on a solution.
我们最终在半路上见面并达成了解决方案。
idiom

good egg

一个友善可靠的人
Meaning
a kind and reliable person
Example
Everyone likes John because he’s a **good egg**.
大家都喜欢约翰，因为他是一个友善可靠的人。
idiom

keep your fingers crossed

希望好运
Meaning
to hope for good luck
Example
I am **keeping my fingers crossed** for the exam results.
我为考试结果祈祷好运。
idiom

Rome wasn’t built in a day

重要的事情需要时间去完成。
Meaning
Important things take time to accomplish.
Example
**Rome wasn’t built in a day**, be patient with your progress.
**罗马不是一天建成的**，要对自己的进步有耐心。
idiom

in the black

盈利；财务稳定
Meaning
making a profit; financially stable
Example
Our company is finally **in the black** after two years.
我们公司在两年后终于**盈利了**。
idiom

data encryption

将数据转换为代码的过程，以防止未经授权的访问
Meaning
the process of converting data into a code to prevent unauthorized access
Example
Ensure all sensitive information is protected through **data encryption**.
确保所有敏感信息通过**数据加密**得到保护。
idiom

Running on empty

当你没有剩余能量时继续工作或运作。
Meaning
To continue working or functioning when you have no energy left.
Example
After pulling an all-nighter, he’s **running on empty** today.
经过一整夜的熬夜，他今天完全筋疲力尽。
idiom

a universe of possibilities

无尽的机会或选择
Meaning
endless opportunities or options
Example
Technology has opened **a universe of possibilities**.
技术开启了**无限的可能性**。
idiom

rising tide lifts all boats

经济增长惠及所有人；经济的普遍改善帮助所有参与者
Meaning
economic growth benefits everyone; a general improvement in the economy helps all participants
Example
The government's new policies are helping the economy, and as a result, **a rising tide lifts all boats**.
政府的新政策正在帮助经济，因此，**上涨的潮水提升所有船只**。
idiom

have a good character

诚实、有道德且受人尊敬
Meaning
to be honest, moral, and respectable
Example
He has always **had a good character**, and that’s why people trust him.
他一直**拥有良好的品格**，因此人们信任他。
idiom

conversion rate

网站访问者中采取期望行动（如购买或注册）的百分比。
Meaning
The percentage of visitors to a website who take a desired action, such as making a purchase or signing up.
Example
Our **conversion rate** has significantly improved after the redesign of the website.
网站重新设计后，我们的**转化率**显著提高了。
idiom

go live

在社交媒体上实时开始直播
Meaning
to start broadcasting in real time on social media
Example
She plans to **go live** tonight to talk with her followers.
她计划今晚开直播与她的粉丝聊天。
idiom

beginner’s luck

对新手的成功
Meaning
success for someone inexperienced
Example
He won his first game — must be **beginner’s luck**.
他赢得了第一场比赛——一定是**新手运气**。
idiom

give ground

在讨论中做出让步或妥协
Meaning
to make concessions or yield in a discussion
Example
He finally **gave ground** on the pricing issue.
他最终在定价问题上**让步**了。
idiom

find your balance

保持健康的工作和生活平衡
Meaning
to maintain a healthy work-life equilibrium
Example
It’s important to **find your balance** between work and rest.
在工作和休息之间找到平衡非常重要。
idiom

get your ducks in a row

在行动之前把事情安排好
Meaning
to organize things properly before taking action
Example
Before launching the business, we need to **get our ducks in a row**.
在开始创业之前，我们需要把一切安排好。
idiom

put in the hours

花费很多时间工作
Meaning
to spend a lot of time working
Example
If you **put in the hours**, you’ll see progress soon.
如果你投入时间，你很快会看到进展。
idiom

under someone's thumb

完全在某人控制之下
Meaning
completely under someone's control
Example
He's **under his boss's thumb** and can't make his own decisions.
他**在老板的控制下**，不能做出自己的决定。
idiom

step change

显著的改进或转变
Meaning
a significant improvement or shift
Example
This marks a **step change** in how we approach innovation.
这标志着我们在创新方式上的一个**重大转变**。
idiom

Above reproach

完全诚实且没有缺陷。
Meaning
Completely honest and without fault.
Example
Her integrity is **above reproach**.
她的诚信无可挑剔。
idiom

out of sorts

感到稍微不舒服或不高兴
Meaning
feeling slightly unwell or upset
Example
He’s been **out of sorts** since he caught that cold.
自从感冒后，他就一直有些不高兴。
idiom

take it upon oneself

决定在没有被要求或要求的情况下做某事
Meaning
to decide to do something without being asked or required
Example
She decided to **take it upon herself** to organize the event.
她决定**自己承担责任**来组织这个活动。
idiom

Born in the barn

有坏习惯或缺乏社交礼仪。
Meaning
To have bad manners or lack social etiquette.
Example
Close the door! Were you **born in the barn**?
关上门！你是在谷仓里出生的吗？
idiom

pack up

收拾东西并准备离开
Meaning
to gather belongings and prepare to leave
Example
We should **pack up** and head home before the storm starts.
我们应该**打包**，在风暴开始前回家
idiom

blaze a trail

成为第一个做创新的事情的人
Meaning
to be the first to do something innovative
Example
She **blazed a trail** in renewable energy research.
她在可再生能源研究中开辟了道路。
idiom

step on the gas

加快速度; 着急
Meaning
to move faster; to hurry up
Example
We need to **step on the gas** if we want to reach on time.
如果我们想准时到达，我们需要 **step on the gas**。
idiom

hit the road

开始旅行；离开一个地方
Meaning
to start a journey; to leave a place
Example
We should **hit the road** before sunset to avoid traffic.
我们应该在日落前 **hit the road** 以避开交通。
idiom

Be all ears

非常专心地听。
Meaning
To listen very attentively.
Example
I’m **all ears**, tell me what happened!
我**全神贯注**，告诉我发生了什么!
idiom

to make a boo-boo

犯一个小的或有趣的错误
Meaning
to make a small or funny mistake
Example
Oops, I **made a boo-boo** and sent the wrong file!
哎呀，我犯了一个小错误并发送了错误的文件！
idiom

on the radar

正在被监视或考虑的某事
Meaning
something that is being monitored or considered
Example
The new scientific theory is now **on the radar** of researchers across the world.
新的科学理论现在已经**在雷达上**，全球的研究人员都在关注。
idiom

give it your all

尽全力或用尽全部精力
Meaning
to try your best or use all your energy
Example
If you **give it your all**, you’ll be proud of yourself no matter the result.
如果你尽全力，不论结果如何，你都会为自己感到自豪。
idiom

to orbit around

完全专注于某事或围绕某事旋转
Meaning
to be completely focused or revolve around something
Example
He seemed to **orbit around** the idea of becoming a successful entrepreneur.
他似乎在**围绕**成为成功企业家的想法旋转。
idiom

Go broke

失去所有的钱；破产。
Meaning
To lose all your money; to become bankrupt.
Example
Many small investors **went broke** after the market crash.
许多小投资者在市场崩盘后破产了。
idiom

algorithmic bias

算法对某些数据或结果的系统性偏好，通常是无意的。
Meaning
the systematic favoritism towards certain data or outcomes by an algorithm, often unintentionally.
Example
The development team worked to eliminate **algorithmic bias** in the AI model.
开发团队致力于消除AI模型中的**算法偏见**。
idiom

dig in your heels

拒绝放弃或改变立场
Meaning
to refuse to give up or change your position
Example
He **dug in his heels** and refused to quit until he succeeded.
他**坚持己见**，拒绝放弃直到成功。
idiom

pivot on a dime

快速改变方向或策略
Meaning
to change direction or strategy quickly
Example
Startups often have to **pivot on a dime** when market trends shift.
当市场趋势发生变化时，创业公司通常需要**在一枚硬币上转向**。
idiom

hope against hope

即使看起来不可能也继续抱有希望
Meaning
to continue hoping even when it seems impossible
Example
They **hoped against hope** that their team would win.
他们仍然怀着希望，希望他们的团队能获胜。
idiom

patch things up

在争吵后修复关系
Meaning
to repair a relationship after a disagreement
Example
They finally **patched things up** after their fight.
他们终于在争吵后**和好了**。
idiom

black box thinking

黑箱思维：通过研究输入和输出分析未知的过程
Meaning
analyzing unknown processes by studying their inputs and outputs
Example
In AI research, **black box thinking** helps improve transparency.
在AI研究中，**黑箱思维**有助于提高透明度。
idiom

hand in

将某物交给有权力的人
Meaning
to submit something to someone in authority
Example
Please **hand in** your assignment by Friday morning.
请在周五早上前交上作业。
idiom

a glimmer of hope

在困难的情况下改善或成功的微小迹象
Meaning
a small sign of improvement or success in a difficult situation
Example
Even in the hardest times, he never gave up because there was always **a glimmer of hope**.
即使在最艰难的时期，他也从未放弃，因为总有**一线希望**。
idiom

snowed under

有太多工作要做
Meaning
to have too much work to do
Example
I'm **snowed under** with assignments this week.
这周我被任务压得喘不过气来。
idiom

join up with

加入一个团队或小组
Meaning
to become part of a group or team
Example
She’ll **join up with** the outreach crew tomorrow.
她明天将加入外展团队。