CEFR Level
An inhabitant; a person or animal that lives in a particular place.
"The habitants of the village were friendly and welcoming."
to accustom someone or oneself to something through frequent exposure or experience
"City life has habituated him to constant noise."
a customary condition or mode of life; habitual practice
"He lived in a quiet habitude, avoiding the noise of the city."
the hairs on the back of an animal’s neck that rise when it is angry or alarmed; figuratively, feelings of anger or resentment
"His rude comment raised my hackles."
a horse kept for ordinary riding or hire; also used for something overused or trite
"The old hackney was still pulling the carriage."
A taxi; a car licensed to carry passengers for hire
"I called a hackney carriage to get to the airport."
an ugly old woman, especially a vicious or malicious one; a witch
"In the fairy tale, the wicked hag lived alone in a cottage deep in the forest."
Excessively flattering or idealized, often in a biography or portrayal of someone.
"The documentary was criticized for its hagiographic portrayal of the leader."
calm, peaceful, and happy; denoting a period of time in the past that was idyllically happy and peaceful
"She often reminisces about the halcyon days of her childhood."
strong and healthy, especially of an elderly person
"Despite his age, the man remained hale and active."
poorly thought out or badly planned
"The manager quickly rejected his half-baked proposal."
lacking enthusiasm or determination; unenthusiastic
"His halfhearted attempt to study did not bring good results."
to honor as holy; to make sacred or greatly respected
"The ancient temple was hallowed by centuries of worship."
clumsy or inept in handling things or situations
"His ham-handed attempt to fix the computer made it worse."
a tendon at the back of the thigh; as a verb, to cripple or severely restrict the effectiveness of someone or something.
"Budget cuts hamstrung the organization’s plans."
crippled or severely restricted in movement or progress.
"The team was hamstrung by lack of resources."
excessive worry or concern expressed in a visible or dramatic way.
"There was much hand-wringing over the political crisis."
looking or feeling ashamed, guilty, or defeated.
"He gave me a hangdog look after being caught lying."
a person who spends time with a powerful or famous person to gain benefits.
"The celebrity was always surrounded by hangers-on."
a feeling of yearning or craving; a strong desire for something
"After years abroad, she developed a deep hanker for her homeland's traditional cuisine."
a strong desire or craving for something.
"She had a hankering for chocolate late at night."
dishonest or suspicious activity; unethical behavior; trickery or deception
"The audit revealed some hanky-panky in the company's financial records."
luck, fortune, or chance occurrence
"By sheer hap, he discovered the old letter hidden in the drawer."
to deliver a long, passionate, and often angry speech
"The politician harangued the crowd for over an hour."
a person or thing that announces or signals the approach of another
"The sudden drop in temperature was a harbinger of winter."
A place of shelter or refuge for pests or animals.
"Pests need a harborage site to survive and breed."
tough and experienced, not easily affected by emotions or hardship
"The hard-bitten detective showed no sign of surprise at the crime scene."
Courage, boldness, or daring behavior; also physical robustness.
"The mountaineer's hardihood impressed the entire team."
a keyboard musical instrument similar to an organ, using air to produce sound
"She played devotional songs on the harmonium at the temple."
continuously talking or complaining about something in a tiresome way
"She kept harping on about the mistakes I made."
feeling strained or stressed due to being overworked or constantly bothered
"The harried teacher struggled to calm the noisy classroom."
to cause distress or torment; also to break up and smooth soil with a farm tool
"The tragic news harrowed the entire family."
to constantly attack, harass, or annoy
"The army harried the enemy with sudden raids."
a drug made from the resin of the cannabis plant
"The police arrested him for possessing hashish."
The appearance or quality of being arrogantly superior and disdainful.
"His haughtiness made him unpopular among his peers."
disdainful pride; arrogance
"His hauteur made it difficult for others to approach him."
A thick rope or cable used in mooring or towing a ship.
"The sailors secured the ship to the dock with a heavy hawser."
A thorny shrub or small tree with white or pink flowers, often used for hedges.
"The garden was lined with blooming hawthorn bushes."
Exciting or intoxicating; having a strong or exhilarating effect.
"The heady aroma of the flowers filled the room."
To listen attentively; to give heed.
"He would hearken to his mentor’s advice before making decisions."
a vehicle for conveying the coffin at a funeral; a funeral car
"The black hearse slowly made its way to the cemetery, followed by a procession of mourners."
To give courage, confidence, or hope.
"The teacher’s encouragement heartened the students."
Lacking culture or religion; barbaric or uncivilized.
"They considered the ancient tribe’s rituals heathenish."
A person who interrupts a speaker with rude or aggressive comments.
"The politician remained calm despite the heckler shouting from the crowd."
To talk to someone in a bullying or intimidating way.
"The manager hectored the staff into working overtime."
leadership or dominance, especially by one state or group over others
"The empire maintained its hegemony over neighboring states."
a journey, especially when undertaken to escape from a dangerous or undesirable situation
"The refugees began their hegira across the desert."
a young cow that has not borne a calf
"The farmer raised a heifer for dairy production."
a person who steers a ship or boat; the person at the helm of a vessel
"The experienced helmsman skillfully guided the yacht through the narrow channel during the storm."
A medical condition in which the ability of the blood to clot is severely reduced, causing the sufferer to bleed severely from even a slight injury.
"Hemophilia treatment benefits from genetic editing."
