CEFR Level
pleasant and friendly because of having similar interests or qualities
"They found the café a congenial place to meet and talk."
existing from birth, usually describing a disease or condition
"The child was born with a congenital heart defect."
To block or overcrowd a space, making movement or flow difficult.
"Heavy traffic can congest the city streets during rush hour."
A large corporation consisting of diverse companies under one group.
"The multinational conglomerate owns businesses in technology, finance, and media."
To come together in a group or crowd.
"People congregated in the park to celebrate the festival."
a group of people assembled for religious worship or a common purpose
"The congregation gathered to hear the sermon."
relating to a congress, especially the US Congress
"The bill received strong congressional support."
a type of tree that bears cones and evergreen needle-like leaves, such as pine or fir
"The forest is dominated by conifers like pine and spruce."
relating to or denoting conifers, trees that bear cones and evergreen needles
"Coniferous forests are common in colder regions."
an opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information; to form an opinion without sufficient evidence
"The critics conjectured that the book was inspired by real events."
the variation of the form of a verb to indicate tense, person, and number
"French verbs have complex conjugations."
to summon something as if by magic; to imagine vividly
"The magician conjured a rabbit out of the hat."
an expert judge in matters of taste, especially in food, art, or wine
"She is a true connoisseur of fine art."
An idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal meaning.
"The word 'home' has a positive connotation of warmth and family."
Wishing to do what is right, especially to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly.
"He is a conscientious employee who always meets deadlines."
The quality of wishing to do what is right, especially to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly.
"Her conscientiousness makes her a great leader."
to force someone into military service
"The government conscripted young men during the war."
to make something sacred, usually through a religious ceremony
"The church was consecrated by the bishop."
Having important or significant consequences; resulting from something.
"The meeting was consequential for the future of the project."
A political or social philosophy promoting traditional institutions and resistance to change.
"Conservatism values tradition and gradual development."
A greenhouse for growing plants or a school for music and the arts.
"They grew exotic plants in the conservatory."
to deliver something to a person or place, often for selling or safekeeping
"He consigned the package to the shipping company."
the act or process of combining into a single, stronger or more effective entity
"The consolidation of the two companies improved efficiency."
To associate with someone, typically with disapproval; also, a spouse of a reigning monarch.
"He was criticized for consorting with criminals."
An association of several companies or organizations formed to undertake an enterprise beyond the resources of any one member.
"The consortium worked collaboratively to build the cable."
Easily noticeable; attracting attention due to being unusual or prominent.
"Her red dress made her conspicuous at the party."
a person who secretly plans with others to do something unlawful or harmful
"The conspirator was arrested before the plan could be carried out."
to secretly plan with others to do something harmful or illegal
"They conspired to overthrow the government."
a police officer of the lowest rank
"The constable directed traffic at the busy intersection."
the quality of being faithful and dependable
"Her constancy in friendship is admirable."
a group of stars forming a recognizable pattern in the night sky
"Orion is one of the most famous constellations."
A feeling of anxiety, dismay, or confusion, often caused by something unexpected.
"The sudden announcement caused widespread consternation among the employees."
A geographical area whose residents elect a representative to a legislative body.
"She campaigned tirelessly across her constituency."
appearing forced, unnatural, or restricted
"He gave a constrained smile during the awkward meeting."
to make narrower or tighter; to shrink or compress
"The snake constricted its prey before swallowing."
to interpret or understand the meaning of something in a particular way
"His words could be construed as a threat."
an official appointed by a government to live in a foreign city and protect its citizens and interests there
"The consul assisted travelers who lost their passports."
the building or office where a consul works
"He went to the consulate to renew his visa."
The tendency to increase consumption of goods and the importance given to consuming products.
"Modern consumerism leads to increased demand for luxury goods."
to complete or perfect something; showing great skill or excellence
"She is a consummate professional in her field."
The communication of disease from one person to another by close contact; also the spread of harmful ideas or behaviors.
"Fear spread like a contagion through the crowd."
Able to be transmitted from one person to another, typically by direct contact; also used for emotions or attitudes that spread quickly.
"Her laughter was so contagious that everyone started laughing."
The action of looking thoughtfully at something for a long time; deep reflective thought.
"He spent hours in contemplation about his future."
Expressing or involving prolonged thought; meditative and reflective.
"He spent a contemplative evening reflecting on his decisions."
deserving of contempt; despicable
"His deceitful actions were truly contemptible."
showing or expressing contempt; scornful
"She gave him a contemptuous glance."
a person or team competing for a title or prize
"She is a strong contender for the mayoral position."
heated disagreement or argument; a point asserted in debate
"The main contention between the two parties was over tax reform."
likely to cause disagreement or argument; controversial
"The contentious issue of immigration dominated the debate."
a state of happiness and satisfaction with what one has
"She felt a deep sense of contentment after helping others."
