CEFR Level
A period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced.
"The country is facing a severe recession."
A person who receives something, such as an award, gift, or message.
"She was the recipient of the award for best performance."
To say aloud something learned, especially poetry or text, from memory.
"The child recited a poem in front of the class."
Acting without thinking or caring about the consequences.
"His reckless driving caused a serious accident."
To think, believe, or expect something; to calculate or estimate.
"I reckon it will rain later today."
To take back or recover something; to restore to a usable state.
"The farmer worked to reclaim the barren land."
to think about something again, especially to change a decision or opinion
"She decided to reconsider her decision about moving abroad."
to build or form something again after it has been damaged or destroyed
"The city was reconstructed after the earthquake."
the process of rebuilding something that has been damaged or destroyed
"The city is undergoing reconstruction after the earthquake."
the process of getting better after illness, loss, or difficulty
"She is still recovering from the flu."
to create or produce something again, especially a new version of something lost or destroyed
"The team recreated the lost dataset from backups."
activity done for enjoyment and relaxation during free time
"Reading books is his favorite form of recreation."
to enlist or hire people for a job, service, or membership
"The company is trying to recruit more software engineers."
the process of finding new people to join an organization or become employees
"The company's recruitment process is very thorough."
to happen again, especially repeatedly or at regular intervals
"The headache tends to recur every few weeks."
red-colored leafy vegetable; amaranth leaves used as greens
"Red leaf is rich in iron and is commonly eaten in Bengali households."
a person who oversees a game or match to ensure the rules are followed
"The referee stopped the game after a foul."
to improve something by making small changes or removing impurities
"The company is working to refine its production process."
elegant and cultured in appearance, manner, or taste; purified
"She has very refined taste in art and music."
thoughtful; contemplative; able to reflect light or images
"After the meeting, he was in a reflective mood."
The process of replanting an area with trees.
"Reforestation helps combat climate change by absorbing carbon."
To make changes to improve something, usually a system, law, or practice.
"The government plans to reform the healthcare system."
A person who works to improve laws, institutions, or social practices.
"Martin Luther King Jr. was a great social reformer."
To hold oneself back from doing something.
"Please refrain from smoking in this area."
to make fresh again; to restore energy
"A cold drink refreshes me on hot days."
making one feel energized and renewed; pleasantly new or different
"The cool breeze was refreshing after the hot day."
food and drink that is served as a light meal; something that refreshes
"We served light refreshments after the meeting."
a place that provides shelter or protection from danger or distress
"The villagers took refuge in the temple during the storm."
a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster
"Thousands of refugees fled the war-torn region."
An act of saying or showing that one will not do or accept something.
"Her refusal to cooperate delayed the project."
to get back something that was lost or taken away
"He worked hard to regain his confidence after the failure."
without paying attention to the current situation or condition
"She will go to the party regardless of the weather."
a system or form of government, often authoritarian
"The military regime controlled the country for decades."
causing or deserving regret; unfortunate; deplorable
"It is regrettable that so many talented people left the company."
the quality of being regular; occurring at fixed intervals or in a consistent pattern
"The regularity of his exercise routine helped him stay healthy."
To control or maintain something by rules or laws
"The government regulates the sale of medicines."
a rule or directive made and maintained by an authority
"The new regulation will affect the banking sector."
Rules or directives made and maintained by an authority.
"Strict regulations ensure fair practices."
a practice or trial performance of a play, music, or other work for later public performance
"The actors had a final rehearsal before the play."
to rule as a king or queen; the period during which a sovereign rules
"Queen Elizabeth II reigned for many decades."
To strengthen or support something with additional material, people, or ideas
"The teacher reinforced the lesson with examples."
The action or process of reinforcing or strengthening.
"Reinforcement of concepts through repetition aids learning."
the action of refusing or dismissing something or someone
"Her rejection of the offer surprised everyone."
To feel or show great joy or delight.
"The fans rejoiced after their team won the championship."
the quality or state of being closely connected or appropriate
"The relevance of the information was clear to everyone."
the quality of being closely connected or appropriate
"The professor questioned the relevancy of the example to the topic."
the quality of being trustworthy or performing consistently well
"Customers value the reliability of our service."
dependence on or trust in someone or something
"Her reliance on her friends helped her through difficult times."
depending on someone or something for support
"The country is too reliant on imported goods."
to make pain, distress, or difficulty less severe or serious
"The medicine helped relieve his headache."
