CEFR Level
to an excessive degree or extent
"She was overly concerned about the results."
for or during the night; suddenly or in a very short time
"Her small business became famous overnight after a viral video."
A bridge that carries one road or railway over another.
"The new overpass reduced traffic congestion in the city."
To pay more than is necessary or reasonable.
"She realized she had overpaid for the concert tickets."
to supervise or manage a task, process, or group of people
"She was hired to oversee the construction project."
to catch up with and pass someone or something; to come upon suddenly
"The faster car will overtake the slower one on the highway."
to turn something upside down or to reverse a decision or judgment
"The court decided to overturn the previous ruling."
to overpower someone emotionally or physically; to be too much to handle
"She was overwhelmed with gratitude after receiving the help."
very great in amount; too powerful or difficult to deal with
"The support from the community was overwhelming after the tragedy."
the state or fact of owning something; legal right of possession
"He took full ownership of the company after his father retired."
a large strong animal used for pulling heavy loads or plowing fields
"The farmer used an ox to plow the field."
The process of generating oxygen through photosynthesis or other means.
"Plants are vital for oxygen production and the maintenance of life."
a type of shellfish that can be eaten and sometimes contains pearls
"She ordered fresh oysters at the seafood restaurant."
The reduction in the amount of ozone in the Earth's stratosphere, leading to increased UV radiation.
"Ozone depletion increases UV radiation."
a small cushion or block of soft material; also a set of sheets of paper fastened together
"He wrote her phone number on a yellow pad."
soft material added for comfort, protection, or to fill space
"The chair had extra padding for comfort."
rice grains that are still in their hulls; unhusked rice
"The farmer harvested paddy from the flooded fields."
Not causing pain; involving little effort or stress.
"Modern methods ensure painless treatment."
relating to Palestine or its people
"The Palestinian people have a rich cultural heritage."
a thin board or surface on which an artist sets and mixes colors; also a range of colors used in art or design
"The artist mixed vibrant shades on her palette before starting the painting."
a small booklet or brochure containing information or arguments about a subject
"The health department distributed a pamphlet about nutrition."
An outbreak of a disease that occurs on a global scale.
"The COVID-19 pandemic changed the world dramatically."
a sudden overwhelming fear or anxiety causing irrational behavior
"The crowd panicked when the fire alarm went off."
feeling or showing panic; anxious and fearful
"The crowd became panicky when the fire alarm sounded."
a piece of clothing worn from the waist down, covering both legs separately
"He wore a pair of blue pants to the party."
A small room or cupboard where food, dishes, and kitchen supplies are stored.
"She stocked the pantry with fresh groceries for the week."
a public procession, especially one celebrating a special day or event
"Thousands of people attended the Independence Day parade."
An ideal or perfect place of happiness; often thought of as heaven.
"The tropical island felt like a true paradise."
A statement or situation that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth.
"It is a paradox that computers make our lives easier but also more stressful."
Lines, objects, or events that are side by side and never meet; similarity or comparison.
"The road runs parallel to the railway."
Similarities or comparisons between two different things or situations
"There are parallels between Japan's aging issues and Bangladesh's situation."
a limit, boundary, or measurable factor that defines or determines something
"We need to set clear parameters for this project."
relating to a parent or parents; characteristic of a mother or father
"Parental guidance is important for a child's development."
The care and training a child receives while growing up, involving the development of their mental, physical, and social aspects.
"Effective parenting helps children develop confidence and independence."
A local church community or the area served by a parish church.
"The parish gathered for Sunday service."
relating to a parliament or its members; relating to a system of government with parliamentary authority
"The country follows a parliamentary form of government."
existing only in part; biased toward one side
"The report gave a partial view of the situation."
to some extent but not completely
"The project was partially completed before the deadline."
a very small piece or amount of something
"Dust particles floated in the air near the window."
Minute portions of matter.
"PM2.5 particles harm respiratory health."
The action of dividing something into parts; to divide into sections.
"The room was divided by a wooden partition."
the state of being a partner or a group of partners
"Our partnership has helped both companies grow."
to present something or someone falsely as something else; to pretend or deceive
"He tried to pass off the fake watch as a luxury brand."
a strong feeling of enthusiasm or excitement for something or about doing something
"Her passion for teaching was evident in every class."
showing or caused by strong feelings or a strong belief
"He is passionate about environmental conservation."
not actively responding or participating; in grammar, denoting the voice in which the subject undergoes the action
"Instead of taking charge, he remained passive during the meeting."
an activity done regularly for enjoyment; a hobby or recreational activity
"Reading books is her favorite pastime during weekends."
to touch someone or something gently, often to show affection or approval
"She gently patted the dog on its head."
a piece of cloth or material used to cover or mend a hole or a tear
"He put a patch on his jeans to cover the tear."
a government license granting exclusive rights to an inventor; also to obtain such rights
"He patented his new invention to protect it from being copied."
