CEFR Level
relating to the emission of electrons or other free carriers when light shines on a material
"The photoelectric effect is fundamental in solar panels."
an instrument for measuring the intensity of light
"The scientist used a photometer to measure the light in the laboratory."
the science of measuring visible light in terms of its perceived brightness to human eyes
"Photometry helps in designing efficient lighting systems."
Sensitivity to light, especially abnormal sensitivity that may cause discomfort or damage.
"Overrubbing can increase photosensitivity."
an economic theory that land and its natural products are the source of wealth
"Physiocracy emphasized the importance of agriculture in national wealth."
the study of facial features to judge character or personality
"He believed in physiognomy and tried to read people's personalities from their faces."
the study of the physical features of the earth's surface
"He specialized in physiography to understand the landscape of the region."
Natural chemical compounds produced by plants that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition, often having antioxidant properties.
"Phytochemicals in green tea help reduce inflammation."
Chemical compounds produced by plants that are beneficial to human health but not essential nutrients.
"Broccoli is rich in phytonutrients that enhance immunity."
Bioactive compounds found in plants that have health benefits beyond basic nutrition.
"Green tea contains powerful phytonutrients."
relating to a style of fiction depicting the adventures of a roguish hero
"The novel is a picaresque tale of a clever vagabond."
textiles or fabrics sold by the yard or meter; cloth materials
"The tailor bought piece-goods from the wholesale market to make custom dresses."
relating to fishing or fishermen
"He has a deep knowledge of piscatorial techniques and fish species."
a rotating star chart used to display the visible stars for any time and date
"The astronomer used a planisphere to identify the constellations."
a direct vote by the electorate on an important public question
"The government held a plebiscite to decide on the new constitution."
a person invested with full power to act on behalf of another, especially in diplomacy
"The ambassador was a plenipotentiary sent to negotiate the treaty."
the condition of being full or abundant
"The garden offered a plentitude of flowers in spring."
a verb tense expressing an action completed before another past action
"By the time she arrived, he had finished his homework, showing the pluperfect tense."
a system of government where the wealthy hold power
"The country was ruled as a plutocracy."
overly or blindly optimistic
"Her pollyannaish attitude ignored the obvious problems."