A2 noun /ˈsɪɡəˌrɛt/

cigarette

タバコ

Meaning

a small roll of finely cut tobacco wrapped in paper for smoking

Example

He lit a cigarette after dinner.

彼は夕食後にタバコを吸った。

B2 noun /ˈhɛdˌkwɔːrtərz/

headquarters

本社

Meaning

The main office or center of operations of an organization.

Example

The company’s headquarters is located in New York.

その会社の本社はニューヨークにあります。

C1 verb /ɪnˈtæŋɡəl/

entangle

Meaning

to become twisted together or caught in something; to involve in difficulties

Example

The fish got entangled in the net.

B1 noun /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/

association

協会

Meaning

an organized group of people who have joined together for a common purpose

Example

She is a member of the local teachers' association.

彼女は地元の教師協会のメンバーです。

C2 verb /ɪnˈtriːt/

entreat

懇願する

Meaning

To ask earnestly or beg someone to do something.

Example

She entreated him to stay a little longer.

彼女は彼にもう少し長くいてくれるように懇願した。

C1 adjective /ˌjuːtɪlɪˈtɛəriən/

utilitarian

Meaning

Designed to be useful or practical rather than attractive; relating to the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.

Example

The building had a simple utilitarian design.

C2 adjective /ˈrɛkriənt/

recreant

臆病な, 裏切り者

Meaning

cowardly or unfaithful to duty

Example

The recreant soldier abandoned his post in fear.

その臆病な兵士は恐怖で自分のポストを放棄した。

C1 noun /ˌtɛrəˈdæktɪl/

pterodactyl

絶滅した飛行爬虫類

Meaning

An extinct flying reptile of the Jurassic period, with a long slender head and wings formed by a membrane stretching along the body.

Example

The museum displayed a fossil of a giant pterodactyl.

博物館には巨大なプテロダクティルの化石が展示されていた。

C1 noun, adverb /ˈeɪliəs/

alias

別名

Meaning

A false or assumed identity; also used to mean 'otherwise called'.

Example

The criminal was known by the alias 'Shadow'.

その犯罪者は『シャドウ』という別名で知られていた。

C2 adverb /ˌpɛlˈmɛl/

pell-mell

無秩序に

Meaning

In a confused, rushed, or disorderly manner.

Example

The children ran pell-mell through the playground.

子供たちは遊び場を無秩序に走り回った。

C1 verb /ˈstriːmlaɪnɪŋ/

streamlining

簡素化

Meaning

The process of making an organization or system more efficient by simplifying or eliminating unnecessary steps

Example

Streamlining processes can significantly reduce operational costs.

プロセスの簡素化は、運用コストを大幅に削減することができます。

A1 noun /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

afternoon

午後

Meaning

The part of the day between noon and evening.

Example

We met in the afternoon for coffee.

私たちは午後にコーヒーを飲みに会いました。

B2 adjective /ˈlɪniər/

linear

線形

Meaning

Arranged in or extending along a straight line.

Example

The artist used linear perspective in his drawings.

アーティストは彼の絵に線形透視を使用しました。

A2 noun /dɪʃ/

Dish

皿

Meaning

a shallow, flat-bottomed container for cooking or serving food; a particular variety or preparation of food served as part of a meal

Example

Please put the rice on the dish before serving.

お米を皿に載せてから提供してください。

B1 noun /ˈbækʌp/

backup

バックアップ

Meaning

a copy of data stored separately to protect against loss

Example

Make sure to have a backup of your important files.

重要なファイルのバックアップを取ることを確認してください。

A2 interjection /hʌ/

huh

なんて言ったの?

Meaning

used to express confusion, surprise, or that you did not hear something

Example

Huh? What did you say?

は？なんて言ったの?

C1 noun /ˌdiː.mɑːˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Demarcation

境界設定

Meaning

the action of fixing the boundary or limits of something; separation or division

Example

The demarcation between public and private land was clearly marked.

公共の土地と私有地の境界設定は明確に示されていた。

B2 noun /ˈwel.feər/

Welfare

福祉; 健康; 幸福

Meaning

the health, happiness, and fortunes of a person or group; care and support

Example

The government is responsible for the welfare of its citizens.

政府は市民の福祉に責任を持っています。

B2 noun /ɡreɪs/

grace

優雅, エレガンス

Meaning

simple elegance or refined movement; goodwill and kindness

Example

She moved with grace across the stage.

彼女は舞台を優雅に歩いた。

C2 verb /ˌɛvəˈnɛs/

evanesce

消える

Meaning

To disappear gradually; to fade away.

Example

The mist began to evanesce as the sun rose higher.

霧は太陽が高く昇るにつれて消え始めた。

B2 noun ˌkʌl.tɪˈveɪ.ʃən

cultivation

栽培

Meaning

The practice of preparing and using land for crops or gardening; the action of improving or developing something.

Example

The cultivation of organic crops has increased worldwide.

有機作物の栽培は世界中で増加しています。

C1 adjective /məˈlɛvələnt/

malevolent

悪意のある

Meaning

Having or showing a wish to do evil or harm to others.

Example

The malevolent glare in his eyes frightened the children.

彼の目に浮かぶ悪意のある視線は子供たちを怖がらせた。

B2 noun /njuːˈtrɪʃ.ən/

nutrition

栄養

Meaning

The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.

Example

Good nutrition is vital for a healthy life.

良い栄養は健康的な生活にとって重要です。

C1 verb, noun /mjuːz/

muse

Meaning

to think deeply about something; a source of inspiration, especially for an artist or writer

Example

She sat by the window to muse about her future.

C1 noun /ˈoʊ.mən/

Omen

未来の良いまたは悪い運命の兆し

Meaning

an event regarded as a sign of future good or bad luck

Example

Many people consider a black cat crossing your path a bad omen.

多くの人々は、黒猫が道を横切ることを悪いオーメンだと考えています。

C1 noun /koʊˈɜː.ʃən/

coercion

強制

Meaning

The practice of persuading someone to do something by using force or threats.

Example

Cybercriminals use coercion to extract information.

サイバー犯罪者は情報を引き出すために強制を使います。

B2 noun /ˌɒpəˈzɪʃən/

opposition

反対

Meaning

the action of opposing or resisting something

Example

The opposition to the new law was strong.

新しい法律に対する反対は強かった。

C1 noun /ˌɪnkwɪˈzɪʃən/

inquisition

尋問

Meaning

A prolonged and intense questioning or investigation, often harsh in nature.

Example

The journalist faced an inquisition from the panel about his sources.

ジャーナリストは、自分の情報源に関するパネルからの厳しい尋問に直面した。

C1 noun /ˈɛdɪfɪs/

edifice

建物

Meaning

A large, impressive building or structure.

Example

The museum is an impressive edifice in the city center.

その博物館は市内中心部の印象的な建物です。

C1 noun ɔːrˈdiːl

ordeal

厳しい試練

Meaning

A physical or mental painful experience that must be endured

Example

Surviving the wilderness was a tough ordeal for them.

荒野で生き残ることは彼らにとって大変な試練でした。

C1 noun ˈsɪnədʒi

synergy

相乗効果, 協力

Meaning

The interaction or cooperation of two or more organizations, substances, or other agents to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects.

Example

The synergy between the two companies led to a successful partnership.

二つの会社間の相乗効果により、成功したパートナーシップが生まれました。

C2 noun /bɜːrˈlɛsk/

burlesque

バーレスク

Meaning

A humorous and exaggerated imitation of a serious work; a type of theatrical entertainment involving comedy and parody.

Example

The play was a clever burlesque of traditional opera.

その劇は伝統的なオペラの巧妙なバーレスクでした。

C1 verb /dɪsˈmæntəl/

dismantle

解体する

Meaning

to take apart; to remove or destroy the parts of

Example

Workers will dismantle the old bridge next month.

作業員たちは来月古い橋を解体します。

C1 verb /əbˈstrʌkt/

obstruct

妨げる

Meaning

to block or hinder progress; to prevent or impede movement

Example

The fallen tree obstructed the road for several hours.

倒れた木が数時間道路をふさぎました。

B2 noun /ˈfaʊn.dər/

Founder

創設者

Meaning

a person who establishes an institution or settlement; someone who starts or creates something

Example

Steve Jobs was the co-founder of Apple Inc. and revolutionized personal computing.

スティーブ・ジョブズはApple Inc.の共同創設者で、個人用コンピュータを革新しました。

C1 adjective /ˌʌnfɔːrθˈkʌmɪŋ/

unforthcoming

協力的でない

Meaning

Not willing to talk or provide information; uncooperative.

Example

The witness was unforthcoming about what he had seen.

証人は見たことについて協力的でなかった。

A2 noun /fæn/

Fan

ファン; 愛好者; 扇風機

Meaning

a person who has a strong interest in or admiration for a particular person or thing; a device for creating air current

Example

She is a huge fan of classical music and attends every concert in the city.

彼女はクラシック音楽の大ファンで、市内のすべてのコンサートに参加しています。

A2 noun /ɡʌn/

Gun

銃

Meaning

a weapon that fires bullets or other projectiles from a metal tube

Example

The soldier cleaned his gun after the training session.

兵士は訓練後に自分の銃を掃除しました。

C2 noun /ˌmɪnəˈrɛt/

minaret

ミナレット

Meaning

A tall, slender tower of a mosque, from which the call to prayer is announced.

Example

The minaret of the mosque could be seen from miles away.

モスクのミナレットは数マイル先から見ることができました。

C2 noun /lɪˈvaɪəθən/

leviathan

巨大な海の怪物

Meaning

a huge sea monster or something very large and powerful.

Example

The ship looked like a leviathan on the horizon.

その船は地平線上で巨大な海の怪物のように見えました。

C1 adjective /fəˈroʊ.ʃəs/

Ferocious

凶暴な, 激しい, 残忍な

Meaning

savagely fierce, cruel, or violent; extremely aggressive

Example

The ferocious storm destroyed many houses in the coastal area.

激しい嵐は沿岸地域の多くの家を破壊しました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməˌtɔːri/

inflammatory

幸せ

Meaning

causing inflammation in the body; arousing anger, hostility, or strong emotion

Example

His inflammatory speech triggered protests across the city.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せそうな表情を隠せなかった。

C1 noun /rɛnˈdɪʃən/

rendition

演奏

Meaning

a performance or interpretation of a piece of art, music, or text

Example

The singer gave a moving rendition of the classic song.

歌手はクラシックな歌の感動的な演奏を行いました。

A2 adjective /ɪkˈspɛnsɪv/

expensive

Meaning

costing a lot of money

Example

That car is too expensive for me to buy.

B2 noun ˈθrɛʃhəʊld

threshold

閾値, 限界

Meaning

A point of entry or beginning; the magnitude or intensity that must be exceeded for a certain reaction to occur.

Example

Once the threshold for pest population is reached, measures must be taken.

害虫の個体数の閾値に達したら、対策を講じなければならない。

B2 verb /doʊz/

doze

うたた寝

Meaning

To sleep lightly for a short time.

Example

He dozed off while reading the book.

彼は本を読みながらうたた寝をした。

C2 noun /ˌθiːəˈloʊdʒən/

theologian

神学者

Meaning

A person who studies or is an expert in theology.

Example

Theologians often debate complex questions of faith and morality.

神学者は信仰と道徳について複雑な問題を議論することがよくあります。

B2 adjective /ˈʌl.tɪ.mət/

Ultimate

究極; 最後; 最高の

Meaning

being the best or most extreme example of its kind; final; last

Example

This is the ultimate test of your skills.

これがあなたのスキルの究極のテストです。

C1 noun /kəˈlæm.ɪ.ti/

Calamity

災害; 大惨事

Meaning

an event causing great and often sudden damage or distress; a disaster

Example

The earthquake was a terrible calamity that affected thousands of families.

地震は恐ろしいカラミティで、何千人もの家族に影響を与えました。

B2 adjective /ʌnˈstɛdi/

unsteady

不安定な

Meaning

not firm or stable; likely to change or fail

Example

She felt unsteady on her feet after the long journey.

長旅の後、彼女は足元が不安定だった。

B2 adjective /ˈvɪv.ɪd/

Vivid

鮮やかな; 明るい; 明確な;

Meaning

producing powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind; bright and intense

Example

She has vivid memories of her childhood in the countryside.

彼女は田舎での子供時代の鮮明な記憶を持っています。

C1 noun /kənˈsiːt/

conceit

虚栄心

Meaning

excessive pride in oneself; vanity

Example

His conceit made him unpopular among his colleagues.

彼の虚栄心は彼を同僚の中で不人気にした。

A2 noun /ˈden.tɪst/

Dentist

歯医者

Meaning

a medical professional who treats teeth and oral health

Example

I need to visit the dentist for a regular checkup.

定期検診のために歯医者に行かなければなりません。

B2 verb /ɪnˈdʒɛkt/

inject

注射する

Meaning

To introduce a substance, especially a drug, into the body using a needle.

Example

The nurse will inject the vaccine into the patient's arm.

看護師は患者の腕にワクチンを注射します。

B1 noun taɪm ˈmænɪdʒmənt

time management

時間管理

Meaning

The process of planning and exercising conscious control over the amount of time spent on specific activities

Example

Time management is crucial for success.

時間管理は成功のために非常に重要です。

C1 noun /ˈjeloʊ oʊliˈændər/

Yellow oleander

黄色のオレアンダー

Meaning

a tropical flowering shrub with bright yellow flowers; also known as lucky nut

Example

The yellow oleander blooms throughout the year in warm climates.

黄色のオレアンダーは暖かい気候で一年中花を咲かせます。

C1 noun, adjective, verb /ʃæm/

sham

偽り

Meaning

something that is not what it appears to be; a false or fake thing; to pretend

Example

The deal turned out to be a sham.

その取引は偽りであることが判明しました。

B2 verb /niːl/

kneel

ひざまずく

Meaning

to go down on one's knees; to rest on the knees

Example

The knight knelt before the king.

騎士は王の前でひざまずいた。

C2 adjective /ˈtʃɜːrlɪʃ/

churlish

無礼

Meaning

Rude in a mean-spirited and surly way.

Example

It would be churlish to refuse her kind invitation.

彼女の親切な招待を断るのは無礼だろう。

C1 verb /dɪˈfrɔːd/

defraud

詐欺

Meaning

to illegally take money or valuables from someone by deception

Example

The company was accused of trying to defraud investors.

その会社は投資家をだまそうとしたとして告発されました。

C1 adjective /məˈtɪk.jə.ləs/

meticulous

非常に注意深く、詳細に正確に

Meaning

Extremely careful and precise in attention to detail

Example

A meticulous researcher checks every detail before publishing.

慎重な研究者は、公開する前にすべての詳細を確認します。

B2 noun ˈɡloʊbəl kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃən

global collaboration

グローバル協力

Meaning

Cooperation and partnership between countries or organizations worldwide to address common challenges.

Example

Global collaboration is necessary to address climate change.

グローバル協力は気候変動に対処するために必要です。

C1 verb /pərˈteɪn/

pertain

関係する

Meaning

to relate or have reference to something

Example

The rules pertain to all students in the school.

その規則は学校のすべての生徒に関係しています。

C1 noun /ˈfʌŋɡəs/

fungus

菌類

Meaning

a spore-producing organism feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, and mushrooms

Example

A strange fungus was growing on the old tree.

古い木に奇妙な菌類が生えていました。

C2 adjective /ˈpʌdʒi/

pudgy

ぽっちゃり

Meaning

slightly fat or chubby in a way that is often cute

Example

The baby had pudgy cheeks that everyone adored.

その赤ちゃんは、みんなが愛したぽっちゃりしたほっぺたを持っていました。

B2 adjective /ˈkwɑː.lɪ.teɪ.tɪv/

Qualitative

定性的

Meaning

relating to quality or character rather than quantity; descriptive rather than numerical

Example

The research focuses on qualitative analysis rather than numbers.

研究は数字よりも定性的分析に焦点を当てています。

B2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈduː/

overdo

やりすぎる

Meaning

to do something too much; to exaggerate or carry to excess

Example

Don't overdo the exercise on your first day at the gym.

初日はジムで運動をやりすぎないでください。

C1 adjective /rɪˈtɜː.nə.bəl/

Returnable

返品可能

Meaning

able to be returned or given back

Example

The bottle is returnable for a deposit refund.

ボトルはデポジット返金のために返品可能です。

C2 noun /pɪˈnɒlədʒi/

penology

刑務学

Meaning

The study of prison management and criminal rehabilitation.

Example

He decided to specialize in penology to help improve the prison system.

彼は刑務学を専門にすることに決め、刑務所制度の改善に役立つことを目指しました。

C2 noun /ˈrɛkluːsəri/

reclusory

隠遁場所

Meaning

A place for seclusion or retreat, especially for a recluse or hermit.

Example

The monk spent years in the reclusory away from society.

その僧侶は社会から離れた隠遁場所で数年を過ごしました。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈjuzd/

Unused

未使用の; 使われていない

Meaning

not being used; not having been used before

Example

There are many unused rooms in this old mansion.

この古い館には未使用の部屋がたくさんあります。

C1 verb /ˈkəʊ.dɪ.faɪ/

codify

体系化する

Meaning

to arrange laws, rules, or ideas into a clear and systematic code

Example

The committee worked to codify the existing laws.

委員会は既存の法律を体系化するために取り組みました。

C1 verb /ɪkˈstɔːrt/

extort

強奪する

Meaning

to obtain something, especially money, by force, threats, or unfair means

Example

The gang attempted to extort money from local shopkeepers.

ギャングは地元の店主からお金を強奪しようとした。

B2 noun /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nɑːr/

seminar

セミナー

Meaning

A meeting for discussion or training, especially in an academic setting.

Example

The professor invited all students to attend the seminar on climate change.

教授はすべての学生を気候変動に関するセミナーに招待しました。

C2 noun /ˌɛksɪˈɡjuːɪti/

exiguity

不足

Meaning

the quality of being scanty or meager in amount

Example

The exiguity of resources made the project difficult to complete.

資源の不足がプロジェクトを完了するのを難しくしました。

C1 adjective /ˈrek.wɪ.zɪt/

Requisite

必要な; 必須の

Meaning

made necessary by particular circumstances; required

Example

Good communication skills are requisite for this job.

この仕事には良いコミュニケーションスキルが必要です。

C1 noun, verb /pliːt/

pleat

プリーツ

Meaning

a fold in fabric made by doubling the material back upon itself

Example

She added a pleat to the skirt for extra volume.

彼女はスカートにボリュームを加えるためにプリーツを入れました。

B2 noun /ˈkɑː.bən ˈfʊt.prɪnt/

carbon footprint

カーボンフットプリント

Meaning

The amount of carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds emitted due to the consumption of fossil fuels by a particular person, group, etc.

Example

Reducing carbon footprint is essential for combating climate change.

カーボンフットプリントを減らすことは、気候変動と戦うために重要です。

B1 adjective ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk

economic

経済的

Meaning

Relating to economics or the economy.

Example

The issue had significant economic implications.

その問題には重要な経済的影響がありました。

C2 noun /ˌfaɪ.təʊˈkem.ɪ.kəlz/

phytochemicals

フィトケミカル

Meaning

Natural chemical compounds produced by plants that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition, often having antioxidant properties.

Example

Phytochemicals in green tea help reduce inflammation.

緑茶に含まれるフィトケミカルは炎症を軽減するのに役立ちます。

B2 verb /ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/

struggling

格闘する

Meaning

Making forceful or violent efforts to get free of restraint or constriction; having difficulty achieving something.

Example

Many regions are struggling with economic recovery.

多くの地域が経済回復に苦しんでいます。

A2 noun, verb /kəˈrɪər/

career

キャリア / 職業

Meaning

As a noun: a person’s course of professional life; as a verb: to move swiftly and in an uncontrolled way.

Example

She built a successful career in medicine.

彼女は医学の分野で成功したキャリアを築いた。

B1 adjective /ˈpʌŋk.tʃu.əl/

Punctual

時間厳守

Meaning

on time; prompt;

Example

She is always punctual for meetings.

彼女は会議にいつも時間通りに参加します。

C2 noun /djuːˈplɪsɪti/

duplicity

二重性

Meaning

Deceitfulness or double-dealing; dishonesty.

Example

Her duplicity was revealed during the investigation.

調査中に彼女の二重性が明らかになった。

B2 noun /fʌs/

Fuss

騒ぎ; 無駄な心配

Meaning

unnecessary worry or bother about something; agitated excitement over a trivial matter

Example

She made such a fuss about the small stain on her dress that everyone noticed.

彼女はドレスの小さなシミについてそんなに騒いだので、みんなが気づきました。

C2 adjective /ˈwɪzn feɪst/

wizen-faced

乾燥ししわだらけの顔

Meaning

Having a dry, wrinkled, and withered face.

Example

A wizen-faced old man sat quietly in the corner.

乾燥ししわだらけの顔をした老人が静かに隅に座っていた。

B2 noun /ˌæk.jʊˈzeɪ.ʃən/

accusation

告発

Meaning

A statement that someone has done something wrong or illegal.

Example

She made an accusation of theft against her colleague.

彼女は同僚に対して窃盗の告発を行いました。

C1 noun /dɪsˈɪntrəst/

disinterest

無関心

Meaning

lack of interest or concern

Example

His disinterest in the project was obvious.

そのプロジェクトへの無関心は明らかだった。

B2 adverb /ˈstɛdɪli/

steadily

着実に

Meaning

in a regular and continuous way; without stopping or changing

Example

The company's profits have been increasing steadily.

会社の利益は着実に増加しています。

C2 adjective /ˌhæɡ.i.əˈɡræf.ɪk/

hagiographic

過度に賛美的な

Meaning

Excessively flattering or idealized, often in a biography or portrayal of someone.

Example

The documentary was criticized for its hagiographic portrayal of the leader.

そのドキュメンタリーはリーダーの過度に賛美的な描写で批判されました。

B1 adjective ˈkʌltʃərəl

cultural

文化的

Meaning

Relating to the arts and to intellectual achievements.

Example

Schools organize cultural programs to honor Victory Day.

学校は勝利の日を記念して文化的なプログラムを開催します。

A2 noun /ɡreɪp/

grape

ぶどう

Meaning

a small, round fruit that grows in clusters on vines and is used to make wine or eaten as food

Example

She picked a bunch of grapes from the vine.

彼女はぶどうの房を vine から取った。

C1 adjective /əˈpriː.ʃə.bəl/

Appreciable

顕著な; 重要な; 数量的にかなり

Meaning

noticeable; significant; considerable in amount

Example

There was an appreciable improvement in his test scores.

テストのスコアに顕著な改善が見られました。

B2 adjective /rɪˈɡret.ə.bəl/

Regrettable

残念な; 失望させる; 悲しい

Meaning

causing or deserving regret; unfortunate; deplorable

Example

It is regrettable that so many talented people left the company.

こんなに多くの才能ある人々が会社を辞めたのは残念です。

C1 noun /ˈtɛknɪk/

technic

技術

Meaning

A method, skill, or art in a particular field, especially in the arts or sciences.

Example

The artist’s technic in watercolor impressed the judges.

水彩画のアーティストのテクニックは審査員に感銘を与えた。

B1 verb /ɪɡˈzɪst/

exist

存在する

Meaning

to have being or reality; to be present

Example

Dinosaurs existed millions of years ago.

恐竜は数百万年前に存在していました。

C2 noun /ˈbʌskɪn/

buskin

厚底ブーツ

Meaning

A type of thick-soled boot that reaches halfway to the knee; also associated with tragic drama in ancient times.

Example

The actor wore a buskin as part of his classical costume.

俳優は彼のクラシックな衣装の一部としてバスキンを履いていました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈskriːt/

discrete

離散的

Meaning

individually separate and distinct

Example

The course is divided into three discrete modules.

コースは3つの離散的なモジュールに分けられています。

C2 adjective, noun /bɪˈtroʊðd/

betrothed

婚約者

Meaning

Engaged to be married; a person who is engaged.

Example

She introduced him as her betrothed.

彼女は彼を婚約者として紹介しました。

B2 adjective /naɪˈiːv/

naive

無邪気

Meaning

Having a lack of experience or sophistication; overly innocent or trusting.

Example

She was naive to believe the scammer’s story.

彼女は詐欺師の話を信じるには無邪気すぎた。

B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.bəl/

verbal

口頭の、言葉で表現された

Meaning

Relating to or in the form of words; spoken rather than written.

Example

Verbal communication is essential in most situations.

口頭コミュニケーションはほとんどの状況で重要です。

C2 noun /ˈdeb.juː.tɑːnt/

debutante

社会で初めて公式に登場する若い女性

Meaning

A young woman making her first formal appearance in society.

Example

The debutante wore a white gown at the ball.

デビュータントは舞踏会で白いドレスを着ていました。

C1 noun /ˈʃæmbəlz/

shambles

大混乱

Meaning

a state of complete disorder or ruin

Example

After the storm, the whole town was in shambles.

嵐の後、町全体が大混乱に陥った。

B1 adverb /ˈhaɪli/

highly

非常に

Meaning

to a great degree; very

Example

She is highly respected in her field.

彼女は自分の分野で非常に尊敬されています。

C1 noun /ˌdɪsbɪˈliːvər/

disbeliever

不信者

Meaning

a person who does not believe in something, especially a religion or idea

Example

He was called a disbeliever for rejecting the traditional faith.

彼は伝統的な信仰を拒否したため、不信者と呼ばれました。

B2 noun /ɑːrtʃ/

arch

アーチ

Meaning

a curved symmetrical structure spanning an opening and typically supporting the weight above it

Example

The ancient arch still stands in the city center.

古代のアーチは今でも街の中心に立っています。

B2 noun /skɑːr/

Scar

傷跡

Meaning

a mark left on the skin after a wound has healed; lasting emotional damage

Example

The accident left a permanent scar on his forehead.

その事故は彼の額に永遠の傷跡を残しました。

C1 verb /ɪˈlæps/

elapse

経過する

Meaning

to pass or go by, usually referring to time

Example

Several hours elapsed before he finally returned home.

数時間が経過し、彼はようやく家に帰った。

B2 noun /ˈreɪ.zər/

Razor

かみそり

Meaning

a sharp-edged instrument used for shaving hair from the skin

Example

He shaved his beard with a sharp razor.

彼は鋭いかみそりでひげを剃った。

A2 verb /ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd/

recommend

勧める

Meaning

to suggest or advise something as being good or suitable

Example

I recommend trying the new restaurant downtown.

私はダウンタウンの新しいレストランを試すことをリコメンドします。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈsɪvəlaɪzd/

Uncivilized

未開の; 野蛮な;

Meaning

not developed in terms of civilization; lacking social organization and culture; barbarous

Example

The explorers encountered an uncivilized tribe deep in the Amazon rainforest.

探検家たちはアマゾンの雨林の奥深くで未開の部族に出会った。

B1 noun /ˈlʌk.ʃər.i/

Luxury

贅沢

Meaning

the state of great comfort and extravagant living; an inessential, desirable item that is expensive or difficult to obtain

Example

They enjoyed the luxury of a five-star hotel.

彼らは五つ星ホテルのラグジュアリーを楽しんでいました。

C1 noun /ˈrɪɡər/

rigor

厳格さ

Meaning

strictness, severity, or demanding conditions

Example

The training was carried out with great rigor.

訓練は大変厳格に行われました。

C1 noun ˈrez.ɪ.djuː

residue

残留物

Meaning

A small amount of something that remains after the main part has gone or been removed.

Example

Soap residue affects appliance efficiency.

石鹸の残りが機器の効率に影響を与えます。

C1 noun /ˈkæn.ə.pi/

canopy

森の上層部、木々の冠によって形成される; 上部の覆い

Meaning

The upper layer of a forest formed by the crowns of trees; overhead cover.

Example

The rainforest canopy provides shelter to many birds and insects.

熱帯雨林のキャノピーは多くの鳥や昆虫に避難場所を提供します。

C1 noun /ˈsɒnɪt/

sonnet

ソネット

Meaning

A poem of 14 lines using formal rhyme schemes, often about love.

Example

Shakespeare wrote many famous sonnets about love and beauty.

シェイクスピアは愛と美について多くの有名なソネットを書きました。

B1 noun /ˈdʒɜːrnəlɪst/

journalist

ジャーナリスト

Meaning

a person who writes news articles or reports for newspapers, magazines, or media

Example

The journalist covered the political event.

ジャーナリストは政治的なイベントをカバーしました。

C2 verb /dɪˈfreɪ/

defray

費用を負担する

Meaning

to provide money to pay the costs of something

Example

The grant will help defray the cost of education.

その助成金は教育費用の負担を助けます。

C1 noun /krɪpt/

crypt

地下室

Meaning

an underground chamber, especially one beneath a church, used as a burial place

Example

The tourists explored the ancient crypt beneath the cathedral.

観光客は大聖堂の下にある古代の地下室を探索しました。

B1 adjective ˈpræktɪkəl

practical

実用的

Meaning

Concerned with actual use rather than theory; realistic and sensible.

Example

A practical approach is needed for solving complex problems.

複雑な問題を解決するには実用的なアプローチが必要です。

B2 noun /ˈpraɪ.vət ˈtuː.tər/

Private tutor

プライベートチューター

Meaning

a teacher who gives individual instruction to a student outside of regular school

Example

The private tutor helped the student improve his math skills.

プライベートチューターは、学生が数学スキルを向上させるのを手伝いました。