Vocabulaires

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noun C1
/ˈstaɪləs/
स्टाइलस (stylus)

a small tool used for writing, drawing, or touching screens

"She used a stylus to draw on her tablet."

"उसने अपनी टैबलेट पर चित्र बनाने के लिए स्टाइलस का इस्तेमाल किया।" (Usne apni tablet par chitra banane ke liye stylus ka istemal kiya.)
verb C1
/ˈstaɪmi/
रोकना (rokna)

to prevent or hinder the progress of something

"The new regulations could stymie small businesses."

"नए नियम छोटे व्यवसायों को रोक सकते हैं।" (Naye niyam chhote vyavsayon ko rok sakte hain.)
adjective C1
/swɑːv/
आकर्षक और सुरुचिपूर्ण (aakarshak aur suruchipurn)

charming, confident, and elegant, often in a smooth or polished way

"He was a suave gentleman who impressed everyone at the party."

"वह एक सुरुचिपूर्ण सज्जन था जिसने पार्टी में सबको प्रभावित किया।" (Vah ek suruchipurn sajjan tha jismein party mein sabko prabhavit kiya.)
subconscious definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective, noun C1
/ˌsʌbˈkɒn.ʃəs/
अवचेतन (avchetan)

Relating to the part of the mind that influences thoughts and actions without full awareness.

"Her fear of dogs was rooted in her subconscious."

"उसका कुत्तों से डर उसके अवचेतन में छिपा हुआ था।" (uska kutto se dar uske avchetan mein chhupa hua tha.)
verb C1
/səbˈdjuː/
दबाना (dabaana)

To bring under control, especially by force; to overcome or quiet.

"The army was able to subdue the rebellion quickly."

"सेना जल्दी ही विद्रोह को दबाने में सक्षम हो गई।" (sena jaldi hi vidroh ko dabaane mein saksham ho gayi.)
noun C1
/səbˈdʒɛkʃən/
आधीनता (aadhinata)

the act of bringing someone or something under control or domination

"The people suffered under the subjection of a cruel ruler."

"लोग एक क्रूर शासक के अधीनता में कष्ट भोग रहे थे।" (Log ek kroor shasak ke adhinata mein kasht bhog rahe the.)
adjective C1
/səbˈdʒɛktɪv/
व्यक्तिगत (vyaktigat)

based on personal feelings, tastes, or opinions rather than facts

"Beauty is often considered a subjective concept."

"सौंदर्य को अक्सर एक व्यक्तिगत अवधारणा के रूप में माना जाता है।" (Soundarya ko aksar ek vyaktigat avdharna ke roop mein maana jaata hai.)
sublime definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/səˈblaɪm/
अतुलनीय (atulniya)

of such excellence or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe

"The view from the mountain top was simply sublime."

"पहाड़ की चोटी से दृश्य सच में अतुलनीय था।" (Pahad ki choti se drishya sach mein atulniya tha.)
subliminal definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/sʌbˈlɪmɪnəl/
अवचेतन (avchetan)

below the threshold of conscious perception but still influencing behavior or feelings

"The advertisement contained subliminal messages to influence consumers."

"विज्ञापन में उपभोक्ताओं को प्रभावित करने के लिए अवचेतन संदेश थे।" (Vigyaapan mein upbhoktaon ko prabhavit karne ke liye avchetan sandesh the.)
verb C1
/səbˈmɜːrdʒ/
डुबोना (dubona)

to put under water or cover with liquid

"The floodwaters threatened to submerge the village."

"बाढ़ के पानी ने गाँव को डुबोने की धमकी दी थी।" (baadh ke pani ne gaanv ko dubone ki dhamki di thi.)
noun C1
/səbˈmɜːrdʒəns/
जलमग्नता (jalmagnata)

the act or process of being submerged or going underwater

"The submergence of coastal areas is a major concern due to rising sea levels."

"समुद्र स्तर में वृद्धि के कारण तटीय क्षेत्रों का जलमग्न होना एक प्रमुख चिंता है।" (samudra sttar mein vruddhi ke karan tatiya kshetron ka jalmagnta hona ek pramukh chinta hai)
adjective C1
/səbˈmɪsɪv/
नम्र (namra)

ready to conform to the authority or will of others; meekly obedient or passive

"She was too submissive to challenge her boss's unfair decision."

"वह अपने बॉस के अनुचित निर्णय को चुनौती देने के लिए बहुत नम्र थी।" (Vah apne boss ke anuchit nirnay ko chunauti dene ke liye bahut namra thi.)
noun C1
/səbˈmɪtəl/
जमा (juma)

the act of submitting something, especially a document for consideration or approval

"The contractor sent the submittal to the client for approval."

"ठेकेदार ने स्वीकृति के लिए सबमिटाल को क्लाइंट को भेजा।" (Thekedar ne sweekriti ke liye submittal ko client ko bheja.)
noun, adjective, verb C1
/səˈbɔːrdənət/ (noun/adjective), /səˈbɔːrdəˌneɪt/ (verb)
निम्न श्रेणी का (nimn shreni ka)

lower in rank or position; to treat as less important

"He manages ten subordinates in his department."

"वह अपने विभाग में दस निम्न श्रेणी के कर्मचारियों का प्रबंधन करता है।" (vah apne vibhag mein das nimn shreni ke karmachariyon ka prabandhan karta hai.)
subpoena definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun, verb C1
/səˈpiːnə/
न्यायिक समन (nyayik saman)

a legal document ordering someone to attend court; to summon someone with such a document

"The witness received a subpoena to appear in court next week."

"गवाह को अगले सप्ताह अदालत में उपस्थित होने के लिए समन प्राप्त हुआ।" (gawah ko agle saptah adalat mein upasthit hone ke liye saman prapt hua.)
adjective C1
/səbˈsɜːviənt/
आज्ञाकारी (aajyakaari)

prepared to obey others unquestioningly; less important than something else

"She was too subservient to challenge his decision."

"वह निर्णय को चुनौती देने की हिम्मत नहीं कर पाई क्योंकि वह बहुत अधिक आज्ञाकारी थी।" (vah nirnay ko chunauti dene ki himmat nahin kar pai, kyunki vah bahut adhik aajyakaari thi.)
subside definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C1
/səbˈsaɪd/
कम होना (kam hona)

to become less intense, violent, or severe; to sink or fall to a lower level

"After the storm, the floodwaters began to subside."

"आंधी के बाद, बाढ़ के पानी को कम होने लगा।" (aandhi ke baad, baadh ke paani ko kam hone laga.)
noun, adjective C1
/səbˈsɪdiˌɛri/
सहायक कंपनी (sahayak company)

a company controlled by a larger company; serving to assist or supplement something

"The multinational owns a subsidiary in Bangladesh."

"बहुराष्ट्रीय कंपनी के पास भारत में एक सहायक कंपनी है।" (bahurashtriya company ke paas Bharat mein ek sahayak company hai.)
subsidization definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˌsʌbsɪdaɪˈzeɪʃən/
सबसिडीकरण (subsidiikaran)

The action of supporting an organization or activity financially.

"The government's subsidization of agriculture helped farmers."

"सरकार द्वारा कृषि के लिए सब्सिडीकरण ने किसानों की मदद की।" (Sarkar dwara krishi ke liye subsidikaran ne kisanon ki madad ki.)
verb C1
/səbˈsɪst/
जीविका निर्वाह करना (jivika nirvah karna)

To maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level.

"Many villagers still subsist on fishing and farming."

"कई गाँववाले अब भी मछली पकड़ने और कृषि पर जीविका निर्वाह करते हैं।" (kai gaonwale ab bhi machhli pakadne aur krishi par jivika nirvah karte hain.)
subsistence definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/səbˈsɪstəns/
जीविका (jivika)

The action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself, especially at a minimal level.

"The family relied on subsistence farming to survive."

"परिवार जीविका कृषि पर निर्भर था।" (Parivaar jivika krishi par nirbhar tha.)
substantiate definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C1
/səbˈstænʃieɪt/
सिद्ध करना (siddh karna)

To provide evidence to support or prove the truth of something.

"The lawyer worked to substantiate the claims with solid evidence."

"वकील ने मजबूत साक्ष्य के साथ दावों को प्रमाणित करने के लिए काम किया।" (Vakeel ne majboot saakshya ke saath daavon ko pramaanit karne ke liye kaam kiya.)
substantive definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/ˈsʌbstəntɪv/
महत्वपूर्ण (mahatvapurn)

Having a firm basis in reality; important, meaningful, or considerable.

"The company made substantive changes to its policy."

"कंपनी ने अपनी नीति में महत्वपूर्ण बदलाव किए।" (Kampani ne apni niti mein mahatvapurn badlav kiye.)
substitution definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˌsʌb.stɪˈtjuː.ʃən/
प्रतिस्थापन (pratishthapan)

the action of replacing someone or something with another

"The substitution of the old system with the new one was difficult."

"पुराने सिस्टम को नए सिस्टम से बदलना कठिन था।" (Purane system ko naye system se badalna kathin tha.)
subterranean definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/ˌsʌbtəˈreɪniən/
भूमिगत (bhoomigat)

Existing, occurring, or done under the earth’s surface; hidden or secret.

"The miners discovered a subterranean tunnel."

"खनिज श्रमिकों ने एक भूमिगत सुरंग की खोज की।" (Khanij shramikon ne ek bhoomigat surang ki khoj ki.)
subtext definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
ˈsʌb.tɛkst
गुप्त संदेश (gupt sandesh)

Hidden meaning or message behind spoken or written words

"The subtext of his speech suggested disagreement."

"उसकी स्पीच का सबटेक्स्ट असहमत होने का संकेत देता है।" (Uski speech ka subtext asahmat hone ka sanket deta hai.)
subtlety definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈsʌtlti/
सूक्ष्मता (sookshmata)

the quality of being delicate, precise, or difficult to detect

"The beauty of the painting lies in its subtlety of colors."

"पेंटिंग की सुंदरता उसके रंगों की सूक्ष्मता में निहित है।" (Painting ki sundarta uske rangon ki sookshmata mein nihit hai.)
noun C1
/səbˈvɜːrʒən/
उथल-पुथल (uthal-puthal)

the act of trying to destroy or undermine an established system or authority

"The government accused the rebels of planning subversion."

"सरकार ने विद्रोहियों पर उथल-पुथल की योजना बनाने का आरोप लगाया।" (Sarkar ne vidrohiyon par uthal-puthal ki yojna banane ka aarop lagaya.)
subversive definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/səbˈvɜːrsɪv/
उद्धृतक (uddhrutik)

seeking or intended to undermine or overthrow an established system or authority

"The group was banned for its subversive activities."

"समूह को उसके उद्धृतक गतिविधियों के लिए प्रतिबंधित कर दिया गया था।" (Samuh ko uske uddhrutik gatividhiyon ke liye pratibandhit kar diya gaya tha.)
verb C1
/səbˈvɜːrt/
व्‍यवस्‍था को कमजोर करना (vyavastha ko kamzor karna)

to undermine or overthrow an established system, authority, or institution

"The rebels tried to subvert the government."

"विद्रोहियों ने सरकार को उलटने की कोशिश की।" (Vidrohiyon ne sarkar ko ulatne ki koshish ki.)
adjective C1
/səkˈsɪŋkt/
संक्षिप्त (sankshipt)

Expressed in a clear and brief manner.

"Her presentation was succinct and easy to follow."

"उसकी प्रस्तुति संक्षिप्त और समझने में आसान थी।" (uski prastuti sankshipt aur samajhne mein aasan thi.)
adjective/noun C1
/ˈsʌkjələnt/
रसदार (rasdar)

Juicy or full of juice; also refers to a plant with thick, fleshy leaves adapted to storing water.

"The steak was so succulent that everyone enjoyed it."

"स्टेक इतना रसदार था कि सभी ने इसका आनंद लिया।" (Steak itna rasdar tha ki sabhi ne iska anand liya.)
verb C1
/səˈkʌm/
वश होकर मरना (vash hokar marna)

To give in to pressure, temptation, or illness; to yield or fail to resist.

"He finally succumbed to his illness after a long struggle."

"वह अंततः लंबी लड़ाई के बाद अपनी बीमारी के सामने हार गया।" (vah antatah lambi ladai ke baad apni bimari ke samne haar gaya.)
verb C1
/ˈsʌkɪŋ/
चूसना (choosna)

Drawing in a liquid, air, or other substance through the mouth or a tube by creating a vacuum; also used figuratively for something unpleasant or ineffective

"The baby is sucking on a pacifier."

"शिशु चूसनी पर चूस रहा है।" (shishu choosni par choos raha hai.)
sufficiency definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/səˈfɪʃənsi/
पर्याप्तता (paryaptata)

the state of having enough of something; adequacy

"The village had a sufficiency of food after the harvest."

"फसल काटने के बाद गाँव में पर्याप्त भोजन था।" (Fasal kaatne ke baad gaon mein paryapt bhojan tha.)
suffrage definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈsʌfrɪdʒ/
मताधिकार (matadhikar)

the right to vote in political elections

"The movement fought for women’s suffrage in the early 20th century."

"आंदोलन ने बीसवीं सदी की शुरुआत में महिलाओं के मताधिकार के लिए संघर्ष किया।" (aandolan ne beesvin sadi ki shuruaat mein mahilaon ke matadhikar ke liye sangharsh kiya.)
Sugar candy definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈʃʊɡ.ər ˈkæn.di/
चीनी की मिठाई (cheeni ki mithai)

crystallized sugar formed into small pieces; rock candy made from sugar syrup

"The children enjoyed eating colorful sugar candy at the festival."

"बच्चों ने त्योहार पर रंगीन चीनी की मिठाई खाकर आनंद लिया।" (bachon ne tyohar par rangin cheeni ki mithai khakar anand liya)
adjective C1
/səˈdʒɛstɪv/
संकेतात्मक (sanketatmak)

tending to suggest ideas or images; sometimes implies something sexual or provocative

"The painting was highly suggestive and sparked much debate."

"चित्रकला अत्यधिक संकेतात्मक थी और इसने काफी बहस को जन्म दिया।" (Chitrakala atyadhik sanketatmak thi aur isne kaafi bahas ko janm diya.)
adjective C1
/ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdəl/
आत्मघाती (aatmghati)

relating to or having thoughts of killing oneself; extremely dangerous or harmful

"The reckless driving was suicidal behavior."

"लापरवाह ड्राइविंग आत्मघाती व्यवहार था।" (laparwah driving aatmghati vyavhaar tha.)
noun C1
/ˈsuːtər/
प्रेमी (premi)

a man who pursues a relationship with a woman, often with the intent to marry

"She had many suitors vying for her attention."

"उसका ध्यान आकर्षित करने के लिए कई प्रेमी प्रयास कर रहे थे।" (uska dhyan akarshit karne ke liye kai premi prayas kar rahe the)
sulk definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C1
/sʌlk/
चुपचाप गुस्से में बैठना (chupchup gusse mein baithna)

to be silently resentful or moody

"He went to his room to sulk after the argument."

"वह बहस के बाद चुपचाप अपने कमरे में जाकर सल्क गया।" (Vah bahas ke baad chupchup apne kamre mein jaakar sulk gaya.)
adjective C1
/ˈsʌl.ki/
चिड़चिड़ा और चुपचाप; मूडी (chidchida aur chupchup; moody)

bad-tempered and sullen; moody

"The child became sulky when he couldn't get his favorite toy."

"बच्चा चिड़चिड़ा हो गया जब वह अपनी पसंदीदा खिलौना नहीं पा सका।" (bachcha chidchida ho gaya jab wah apni pasandida khilona nahi paa saka.)
adjective C1
/ˈsʌlən/
चिड़चिड़ा (chidhchidhā)

bad-tempered and gloomy; silently resentful

"She gave him a sullen look and walked away."

"उसने उसे एक चिड़चिड़ी नजर से देखा और चली गई।" (Usne use ek chidhchidhī nazar se dekhā aur chalī ga'ī.)
adjective C1
/ˈsʌltri/
गर्म और आर्द्र, आकर्षक (garm aur aardra, aakarshak)

Uncomfortably hot and humid; also describes someone attractive in a passionate or sensual way.

"The sultry weather made it hard to focus on work."

"गर्मी और आर्द्र मौसम ने काम पर ध्यान केंद्रित करना मुश्किल बना दिया।" (garmi aur ardhra mausam ne kaam par dhyaan kendrit karna mushkil bana diya.)
noun C1
/sʌˈmeɪʃən/
योगफल, सारांश (yogfal, saransh)

The process of adding things together; a summary of points.

"The lawyer gave a powerful summation of the case."

"वकील ने मामले का एक शक्तिशाली समापन प्रस्तुत किया।" (vakil ne mamle ka ek shaktishaali samaapan prastut kiya.)
Summit of the Future definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈsʌm.ɪt əv ðə ˈfjuː.tʃər/
भविष्य सम्मेलन (bhavishya sammelan)

A high-level conference focused on addressing future challenges and opportunities.

"The Summit of the Future addressed global challenges."

"भविष्य सम्मेलन ने वैश्विक चुनौतियों पर चर्चा की।" (Bhavishya sammelan ne vaishvik chunautiyon par charcha ki.)
adjective C1
/ˈsʌmp.tʃu.əs/
विलासी (vilasi)

Splendid and expensive-looking; luxurious.

"The guests were treated to a sumptuous banquet."

"मेहमानों को एक शानदार भोज परोसा गया था।" (Mehmanon ko ek shandar bhoj parosa gaya tha.)
noun C1
/ˈsʌnˌdaʊn/
सूर्यास्त (suryast)

the time in the evening when the sun goes below the horizon

"We planned to reach the village before sundown."

"हम सूर्यास्त से पहले गाँव पहुँचने की योजना बना रहे थे।" (Ham suryast se pehle gaon pahuchne ki yojana bana rahe the.)
sundry definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/ˈsʌn.dri/
विविध (vividh)

Various or miscellaneous.

"The shop sells fruits, clothes, and sundry items."

"दुकान में फल, कपड़े और विविध सामान बिकते हैं।" (Dukaan mein phal, kapde aur vividh samaan bikte hain.)
Sunstroke definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈsʌn.stroʊk/
स्ट्रोक (sanstrok)

a serious condition caused by overheating from prolonged exposure to high temperatures

"The worker suffered from sunstroke after working outside all day."

"कर्मचारी ने पूरे दिन बाहर काम करने के बाद सनस्ट्रोक का सामना किया।" (karmachaare ne poore din baahar kaam karne ke baad sanshtrok ka saamna kiya)