Vocabulaires

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softly definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adverb B2
/ˈsɒftli/
静かにまたは穏やかに (shizuka ni mata wa odayaka ni)

in a gentle or quiet way.

"She spoke softly so as not to wake the baby."

"赤ちゃんを起こさないように静かに話しました。" (Akachan o okosanai yō ni shizuka ni hanashimashita.)
soil erosion definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
sɔɪl ɪˈrəʊ.ʒən
幸せ (shiawase)

The removal of topsoil by wind, water, or other natural forces, reducing agricultural productivity.

"Soil erosion reduces agricultural productivity."

"彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。" (Kanojo wa shō o uketotta toki, jibun no shiawase o kakusu koto ga dekimasen deshita.)
solar definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/ˈsoʊlər/
太陽の (taiyō no)

Relating to or determined by the sun

"The house is powered by solar energy."

"この家は太陽エネルギーで動いています。" (Kono ie wa taiyō enerugī de ugoiteimasu.)
Solar eclipse definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈsoʊlər ɪˈklɪps/
日食 (nisshoku)

an eclipse in which the sun is obscured by the moon passing between it and the earth

"The solar eclipse will be visible from our city next month."

"来月、私たちの街から日食が見ることができます。" (raigetsu, watashitachi no machi kara nisshoku ga miru koto ga dekimasu)
solar energy definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
ˈsəʊ.lər ˈen.ə.dʒi
太陽光エネルギー (taiyoukou enerugii)

Energy from the sun that is converted into thermal or electrical energy.

"Solar energy is vital for reducing carbon emissions."

"太陽光エネルギーは炭素排出量を削減するためには不可欠です。" (taiyoukou enerugii wa tanso haishutsuryou o sakugen suru tame ni wa fukaketsu desu)
Sole definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/soʊl/
唯一の (yuiitsu no)

being the only one; single and not shared with others

"She was the sole survivor of the accident."

"彼女はその事故の唯一の生存者でした。" (Kanojo wa sono jiko no yuiitsu no seizonsha deshita.)
solely definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adverb B2
/ˈsoʊlli/
単独で (tandoku de)

only; not involving anyone or anything else

"He is solely responsible for the decision."

"彼はその決定に完全に責任を持っています。" (Kare wa sono kettei ni kanzen ni sekinin o motteimasu.)
solemn definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
ˈsɑːləm
厳粛 (genshuku)

Formal and dignified; characterized by deep sincerity.

"The day begins with a solemn ceremony at the memorial."

"その日は記念碑での厳粛な式典から始まります。" (Sono hi wa kinenhi de no genshuku na shikiten kara hajimarimasu.)
solicitor definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/səˈlɪsɪtər/
弁護士 (bengoshi)

A type of lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents, often representing clients in lower courts.

"She consulted a solicitor before signing the contract."

"彼女は契約書に署名する前に弁護士に相談しました。" (Kanojo wa keiyaku-sho ni shomei suru mae ni bengoshi ni sōdan shimashita.)
Solidarity definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˌsɒlɪˈdærɪti/
連帯 (rentai)

Unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a common interest.

"Workers held a strike in solidarity with their colleagues."

"労働者たちは同僚たちとの連帯のためにストライキを行った。" (Roudousha tachi wa douryou tachi to no rentai no tame ni sutoraiki o okonatta.)
adjective B2
/ˈsɒl.ɪ.ter.i/
孤独; 孤立; 一人 (kodoku; koritsu; hitori)

alone; without companions; single; isolated

"He lived a solitary life in the mountains."

"彼は山中で孤独な生活を送っていました。" (Kare wa sanchu de kodoku na seikatsu o okutte imashita.)
solitude definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈsɒlɪtjuːd/
孤独 (kodoku)

the state of being alone, often by choice and enjoyed as peaceful

"She enjoyed the solitude of the mountain cabin."

"彼女は山小屋での孤独を楽しんだ。" (Kanojo wa yamagoya de no kodoku o tanoshinda.)
solo definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/ˈsoʊloʊ/
ソロ (soro)

performed by one person alone; a single performance

"She decided to perform a solo dance at the talent show."

"彼女は才能ショーでソロダンスを披露することに決めた。" (Kanojo wa sainō shō de soro dansu o hirō suru koto ni kimeta.)
soothe definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb B2
/suːð/
和らげる (yawarageru)

to calm, comfort, or relieve pain or distress

"The mother soothed her crying baby."

"母親は泣いている赤ちゃんを慰めました。" (Hahaoya wa naiteiru akachan o nagusamemashita.)
sophisticated definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/
洗練された (senrensareta)

having refined knowledge, experience, or complex design

"The city is known for its sophisticated culture and art."

"この都市はその洗練された文化と芸術で知られています。" (Kono toshi wa sono senrensareta bunka to geijutsu de shirareteimasu.)
sophomore definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈsɑːfmɔːr/
二年生 (ninen-sei)

a student in their second year of study at a university or high school

"He’s a sophomore in college, studying computer science."

"彼は大学で2年生で、コンピュータサイエンスを勉強しています。" (Kare wa daigaku de ninen-sei de, konpyūta saiensu o benkyō shiteimasu.)
sore definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/sɔːr/
痛い (itai)

painful or aching, usually in a specific part of the body

"After the long run, my legs were sore."

"長いランニングの後、私の足は痛かった。" (nagai running no ato, watashi no ashi wa itakatta)
Sorrow definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈsɑːroʊ/
悲しみ (kanashimi)

a feeling of deep sadness or grief

"She was filled with sorrow after the loss of her friend."

"彼女は友達を失った後、悲しみに満たされていました。" (Kanojo wa tomodachi o ushinatta ato, kanashimi ni mitasarete imashita.)
Sour definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/ˈsaʊər/
酸っぱい (suppai)

having an acidic taste; unpleasant or bad-tempered

"The milk has gone sour."

"ミルクが酸っぱくなった。" (Miruku ga suppaku natta.)
Souvenir definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˌsuːvəˈnɪər/
お土産 (omiyage)

an object kept as a reminder of a place, person, or event

"She bought a small souvenir from Paris."

"彼女はパリから小さなお土産を買いました。" (Kanojo wa Pari kara chiisana omiyage o kaimashita.)
soviet definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/ˈsoʊ.vi.ət/
ソビエト (sovieto)

relating to the Soviet Union or its government

"The Soviet era saw significant changes in Eastern Europe."

"ソビエト時代には東ヨーロッパで重要な変化がありました。" (Sobieto jidai niwa higashi yōroppa de jūyō na henka ga arimashita.)
sow definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb B2
/səʊ/
蒔く (maku)

To plant seeds in the ground for growing crops or plants.

"Farmers sow seeds in spring for the harvest in autumn."

"農家は春に種を蒔き、秋に収穫をする。" (Nōka wa haru ni tane o maki, aki ni shūkaku o suru.)
space exploration definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
speɪs ɪksplɔːˈreɪʃən
宇宙探査 (uchū tansa)

The investigation of outer space by means of manned and unmanned spacecraft.

"Space exploration has expanded our knowledge of the universe."

"宇宙探査は私たちの宇宙に対する知識を広げました。" (Uchū tansa wa watashitachi no uchū ni taisuru chishiki o hirogemashita.)
adjective B2
/ˈspeɪ.ʃəs/
広々とした; 快適な (hirobirō to shita; kaiteki na)

having a lot of space; roomy and comfortable

"The house has a spacious living room with high ceilings."

"その家には高い天井を持つ広々としたリビングルームがあります。" (Sono ie ni wa takai tenjō o motsu hirobiro to shita ribingu rūmu ga arimasu.)
noun B2
/speɪd/
シャベル (shaberu)

a tool with a flat blade for digging; a playing card suit

"The gardener used a spade to dig holes for planting flowers."

"庭師は花を植えるために穴を掘るためにシャベルを使いました。" (Niwa-shi wa hana o ueru tame ni ana o horu tame ni shaberu o tsukaimashita.)
spam definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/spæm/
スパム (supamu)

unsolicited or unwanted electronic communication, typically in the form of email

"My inbox is full of spam emails that I need to delete."

"私の受信箱はスパムメールでいっぱいで、削除する必要があります。" (Watashi no jushinbako wa supamu meeru de ippai de, sakujo suru hitsuyou ga arimasu.)
span definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/spæn/
スパン (supan)

the full extent or length of something from one end to another

"The bridge has a span of over 500 meters."

"橋のスパンは500メートル以上です。" (Kyo no supan wa 500 meetoru ijou desu.)
spare definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb B2
/spɛər/
余分に与える / 節約する (yobun ni ataeru / setsuyaku suru)

To give something that one has extra of; to refrain from harming or killing.

"Could you spare me a few minutes of your time?"

"あなたは私に少し時間を割いてくれますか?" (Anata wa watashi ni sukoshi jikan o saite kuremasu ka?)
Spark definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb B2
/spɑːrk/
火花 (hibana)

to cause the start of something, especially an emotion or activity

"The news sparked a heated debate across the country."

"そのニュースは国中で激しい議論を引き起こしました。" (sono nyūsu wa kokunaka de hageshī giron o hikiokoshimashita.)
Spatula definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈspætʃələ/
スパチュラ (supachura)

a flat, broad tool used for mixing, spreading, or lifting food

"She used a spatula to flip the pancakes."

"彼女はパンケーキをひっくり返すためにスパチュラを使いました。" (Kanojo wa pancake o hikkurikaesu tame ni supachura o tsukaimashita.)
Speciality definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˌspeʃiˈælɪti/
専門分野 (senmon bun'ya)

a particular area of activity or interest that someone focuses on; expertise in a specific field

"His speciality is Italian cuisine."

"彼の専門分野はイタリア料理です。" (kare no senmon bun'ya wa itaria ryōri desu.)
specialize definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb B2
/ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪz/
専門的に取り組む (senmonteki ni torikumu)

to focus on a particular subject or activity and become an expert in it

"He decided to specialize in cardiology."

"彼は心臓病学に専門的に取り組むことに決めました。" (Kare wa shinzōbyōgaku ni senmonten ni torikumu koto ni kimemashita.)
specialized definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd/
専門的な (senmon-teki na)

designed or developed for a particular purpose or function

"He has a specialized knowledge of ancient civilizations."

"彼は古代文明に関する専門的な知識を持っています。" (Kare wa kodai bunmei ni kansuru senmon-teki na chishiki o motteimasu.)
specialty definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈspɛʃəlti/
専門 (senmon)

a particular area of study, work, or interest; something in which a person or place excels

"Her specialty is pediatric medicine."

"彼女の専門は小児科医学です。" (kanojo no senmon wa shonika igaku desu)
specification definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
仕様書 (shiyōsho)

a detailed description or assessment of something

"The product specification includes all the necessary details."

"製品の仕様書にはすべての必要な詳細が含まれています。" (Seihin no shiyōsho ni wa subete no hitsuyō na shōsai ga fukumareteimasu.)
specify definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb B2
/ˈspɛsɪfaɪ/
指定する (shiteisuru)

to state or describe something clearly and exactly

"Please specify the time and place of the meeting."

"会議の時間と場所を指定してください。" (Kaigi no jikan to basho o shitei shite kudasai.)
Specimen definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈspɛsəmən/
標本 (hyouhon)

an individual animal, plant, piece of a mineral, etc., used as an example of its species or type for scientific study

"The museum has a rare butterfly specimen."

"博物館には珍しい蝶の標本があります。" (Hakubutsukan ni wa mezurashī chō no hyōhon ga arimasu.)
spectacle definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈspɛktəkəl/
視覚的なショー (shikakuteki na shō)

a visually striking performance or display

"The fireworks display was a grand spectacle."

"花火のショーは壮大な視覚的なショーでした。" (Hanabi no shō wa sōdaina shikakuteki na shō deshita.)
spectacular definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/spɛkˈtækjələr/
壮大 (sōdai)

very impressive, exciting, or dramatic in appearance or effect

"The fireworks display was absolutely spectacular."

"花火大会は絶対に壮観でした。" (Hanabi taikai wa zettai ni sōkan deshita.)
Spectator definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈspɛkteɪtər/
観客 (kankyaku)

A person who watches an event, show, or game without taking part.

"Thousands of spectators gathered to watch the football match."

"何千人もの観客がサッカーの試合を観るために集まりました。" (Nansen-nin mono kankyaku ga sakkā no shiai o miru tame ni atsumarimashita.)
spectrum definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈspɛktrəm/
スペクトル (supekutoru)

A range of different things, often related to colors, ideas, or classifications.

"The festival attracted people from across the political spectrum."

"その祭りは政治的スペクトル全体から人々を引き付けました。" (Sono matsuri wa seijiteki supekutoru zentai kara hitobito o hiki tsukemashita.)
speculate definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb B2
/ˈspɛkjʊˌleɪt/
推測する / 投資する (すいそくする / とうしする)

To form a theory or guess without firm evidence; to invest in stocks, property, etc. hoping for profit.

"Experts speculate that the company may expand into new markets."

"専門家は会社が新しい市場に進出する可能性があると予測しています。" (せんもんかはかいしゃがあたらしいしじょうにしんしゅつするかのうせいがあるとよそくしています。)
speculation definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˌspɛkjʊˈleɪʃən/
推測 (suisoku)

the forming of ideas or theories without firm evidence; guesswork

"There is a lot of speculation about who will win the election."

"誰が選挙に勝つかについて多くの推測があります。" (Dare ga senkyo ni katsu ka ni tsuite ooku no suisoku ga arimasu.)
adjective B2
/ˈspiːtʃləs/
言葉を失う (kotoba o ushinau)

Unable to speak because of shock, surprise, or strong emotion.

"She was speechless when she received the award."

"彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、言葉を失いました。" (Kanojo wa shō o uketotta toki, kotoba o ushinai mashita.)
adjective B2
/ˈspiː.di/
速い; 素早い; 機敏な; (hayai, subayai, kibi na)

moving or happening quickly; fast

"The speedy delivery service arrived within an hour."

"速い配送サービスは1時間以内に到着しました。" (Hayai haisou sābisu wa 1 jikan inai ni tōchaku shimashita.)
sphere definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/sfɪər/
球体 (kyūtai)

a round, three-dimensional shape that is perfectly symmetrical around its center; an area of activity or knowledge

"The Earth is almost a perfect sphere."

"地球はほぼ完璧な球体です。" (Chikyū wa hobo kanpeki na kyūtai desu.)
spice definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/spaɪs/
スパイス (supaisu)

a substance used to add flavor to food

"She added a pinch of spice to the curry for extra flavor."

"彼女はカレーに風味を加えるためにスパイスを一つまみ加えました。" (Kanojo wa karē ni fūmi o kuwaeru tame ni supaisu o hitotsu mami kuwaemashita.)
Spice box definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈspaɪs bɒks/
スパイス箱 (supaisu hako)

a container used to store various spices and seasonings

"She opened the spice box to find cumin for her curry."

"彼女はカレー用のクミンを見つけるためにスパイスボックスを開けました。" (Kanojo wa karee yō no kumīn o mitsukeru tame ni supaisu bokkusu o akemashita.)
spill definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb B2
/spɪl/
こぼす (kobosu)

to cause liquid to flow or fall out of a container by accident

"Be careful not to spill your coffee."

"コーヒーをこぼさないように気を付けて。" (Koohii wo kobosanai you ni ki wo tsukete.)
spin definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb B2
/spɪn/
回転する (kaiten suru)

To turn around quickly or cause something to rotate

"The dancer began to spin gracefully on the stage."

"ダンサーはステージで優雅に回転を始めました。" (Dansā wa sutēji de yūga ni kaiten o hajimemashita.)