Vocabulaires

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pad definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/pæd/
パッド (paddo)

a small cushion or block of soft material; also a set of sheets of paper fastened together

"He wrote her phone number on a yellow pad."

"彼は黄色いパッドに彼女の電話番号を書いた。" (Kare wa kiiroi paddo ni kanojo no denwa bangō o kaita.)
noun B2
/ˈpæd.ɪŋ/
クッション / 詰め物 (kusshon / tsumemono)

soft material added for comfort, protection, or to fill space

"The chair had extra padding for comfort."

"椅子には快適さのために余分なパディングがありました。" (Isu ni wa kaitekisa no tame ni yobun na padding ga arimashita.)
Paddy definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpæd.i/
籾米 (momi)

rice grains that are still in their hulls; unhusked rice

"The farmer harvested paddy from the flooded fields."

"農夫は水に浸かった畑から籾米を収穫しました。" (noufu wa mizu ni tsukatta hatake kara momi wo shūkaku shimashita)
painless definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
ˈpeɪn.ləs
痛みなし (itami nashi)

Not causing pain; involving little effort or stress.

"Modern methods ensure painless treatment."

"現代の方法は痛みのない治療を保証します。" (Gendai no hōhō wa itami no nai chiryō o hoshō shimasu.)
palestinian definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/pælɛˈstɪnɪən/
パレスチナの (paresuchina no)

relating to Palestine or its people

"The Palestinian people have a rich cultural heritage."

"パレスチナの人々は豊かな文化遺産を持っています。" (Paresuchina no hitobito wa yutakana bunka isan o motteimasu.)
noun B2
/ˈpælət/
パレット (paretto)

a thin board or surface on which an artist sets and mixes colors; also a range of colors used in art or design

"The artist mixed vibrant shades on her palette before starting the painting."

"アーティストは絵を描き始める前にパレットで鮮やかな色合いを混ぜました。" (Ātisuto wa e o kaku hajimeru mae ni paretto de azayakana iroai o mazemashita.)
noun B2
/ˈpæm.flət/
パンフレット (panfuretto)

a small booklet or brochure containing information or arguments about a subject

"The health department distributed a pamphlet about nutrition."

"健康部門は栄養に関するパンフレットを配布しました。" (Kenkou bumon wa eiyou ni kansuru panfuretto o haifu shimashita.)
noun B2
/pænˈdɛmɪk/
パンデミック (pandemikku)

An outbreak of a disease that occurs on a global scale.

"The COVID-19 pandemic changed the world dramatically."

"COVID-19パンデミックは世界を劇的に変えました。" (COVID-19 pandemikku wa sekai o gekiteki ni kaemashita.)
Panic definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun/verb B2
/ˈpænɪk/
幸福 (kōfuku)

a sudden overwhelming fear or anxiety causing irrational behavior

"The crowd panicked when the fire alarm went off."

"彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。" (Kanojo wa shō o uketotta toki, kōfuku o kakusu koto ga dekimasen deshita.)
adjective B2
/ˈpæn.ɪ.ki/
パニック状態の; 不安と恐怖を示す (panikku jōtai no; fuan to kyōfu o shimesu)

feeling or showing panic; anxious and fearful

"The crowd became panicky when the fire alarm sounded."

"火災警報が鳴ると群衆はパニックになった。" (Kasaikeihō ga naru to gunshū wa panikku ni natta.)
Pant definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/pænt/
パンツ (pantsu)

a piece of clothing worn from the waist down, covering both legs separately

"He wore a pair of blue pants to the party."

"彼はパーティーに青いパンツを履いていった。" (Kare wa pātii ni aoi pantsu o haite itta.)
noun B2
/ˈpæntri/
パントリー (pantorī)

A small room or cupboard where food, dishes, and kitchen supplies are stored.

"She stocked the pantry with fresh groceries for the week."

"彼女は今週のために新鮮な食料品でパントリーを満たしました。" (Kanojo wa konshū no tame ni shinsen na shokuryōhin de pantorī o mitashimashita.)
parade definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/pəˈreɪd/
パレード / 行進 (pareedo / koushin)

a public procession, especially one celebrating a special day or event

"Thousands of people attended the Independence Day parade."

"何千人もの人々が独立記念日のパレードに参加しました。" (Nanzen nin mo no hitobito ga dokuritsukinenbi no pareedo ni sanka shimashita.)
Paradise definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpærədaɪs/
楽園 (rakuen)

An ideal or perfect place of happiness; often thought of as heaven.

"The tropical island felt like a true paradise."

"その熱帯の島はまるで本当の楽園のように感じました。" (Sono nettai no shima wa marude hontō no rakuen no yō ni kanjimashita.)
paradox definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpærədɒks/
逆説 (gyakusetsu)

A statement or situation that seems contradictory but may reveal a deeper truth.

"It is a paradox that computers make our lives easier but also more stressful."

"コンピュータが私たちの生活をより簡単にする一方で、ストレスも増加させるという逆説があります。" (Konpyūta ga watashitachi no seikatsu o yori kantan ni suru ippō de, sutoresu mo zōka saseru to iu gyakusetsu ga arimasu.)
Parallel definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun, adjective, verb B2
/ˈpærəˌlɛl/

Lines, objects, or events that are side by side and never meet; similarity or comparison.

"The road runs parallel to the railway."

parallels definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
ˈpærəˌlɛlz
類似点 (ruijiten)

Similarities or comparisons between two different things or situations

"There are parallels between Japan's aging issues and Bangladesh's situation."

"日本の高齢化問題とバングラデシュの状況にはパラレルが存在します。" (Nihon no koureika mondai to Banguradeshu no joukyou ni wa pararelu ga sonzai shimasu.)
parameter definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/pəˈræmɪtər/
パラメーター (parametaa)

a limit, boundary, or measurable factor that defines or determines something

"We need to set clear parameters for this project."

"このプロジェクトのために明確なパラメーターを設定する必要があります。" (Kono purojekuto no tame ni meikaku na parametaa o settei suru hitsuyou ga arimasu.)
parental definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/pəˈrɛntəl/
親に関連する (oya ni kanren suru)

relating to a parent or parents; characteristic of a mother or father

"Parental guidance is important for a child's development."

"子供の成長には親のガイダンスが重要です。" (Kodomo no seichō ni wa oya no gaidansu ga jūyō desu.)
parenting definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
👨‍👩‍👧‍👦

parenting (parenting)

noun B2
/ˈpeə.rən.tɪŋ/
育児 (ikuji)

The care and training a child receives while growing up, involving the development of their mental, physical, and social aspects.

"Effective parenting helps children develop confidence and independence."

"効果的な育児は、子供たちが自信と独立心を育むのを助けます。" (Kōkateki na ikuji wa, kodomotachi ga jishin to dokuritsushin o hagukumu no o tasukemasu.)
parish definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpærɪʃ/
教区 (kyōku)

A local church community or the area served by a parish church.

"The parish gathered for Sunday service."

"教区は日曜礼拝のために集まりました。" (kyōku wa nichiyō reihai no tame ni atsumarimashita.)
parliamentary definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/ˌpɑːrləˈmɛntri/
議会の (gikai no)

relating to a parliament or its members; relating to a system of government with parliamentary authority

"The country follows a parliamentary form of government."

"その国は議会制の政府を採用している。" (Sono kuni wa gikaisei no seifu o saiyo shite iru)
Partial definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/ˈpɑːrʃəl/
部分的な、偏った (bubun-teki na, katagatta)

existing only in part; biased toward one side

"The report gave a partial view of the situation."

"レポートは状況の部分的な見解を示しました。" (Repōto wa jōkyō no bubun-teki na kenkai o shimeshimashita.)
Partially definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adverb B2
/ˈpɑːrʃəli/
部分的に (bubun-teki ni)

to some extent but not completely

"The project was partially completed before the deadline."

"プロジェクトは締め切り前に部分的に完了しました。" (Purojekuto wa shimekiri mae ni bubun-teki ni kanryou shimashita.)
particle definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpɑːrtɪkəl/
粒子 (ryūshi)

a very small piece or amount of something

"Dust particles floated in the air near the window."

"窓の近くの空気中にほこりの粒子が浮かんでいました。" (Mado no chikaku no kūkī-chū ni hokori no ryūshi ga ukande imashita.)
particles definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpɑː.tɪ.klz/
粒子 (ryushi)

Minute portions of matter.

"PM2.5 particles harm respiratory health."

"PM2.5粒子は呼吸器系の健康に害を与えます。" (PM2.5 ryushi wa kokyukikei no kenko ni gai o ataemasu.)
partition definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun, verb B2
/pɑːrˈtɪʃən/
仕切り / 分割 (shikiri / bunkatsu)

The action of dividing something into parts; to divide into sections.

"The room was divided by a wooden partition."

"部屋は木製のパーティションで仕切られていました。" (Heya wa mokusei no pātishon de shikirarete imashita.)
partnership definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpɑːtnəʃɪp/
パートナーシップ (pātonāshippu)

the state of being a partner or a group of partners

"Our partnership has helped both companies grow."

"私たちのパートナーシップは、両社の成長に役立ちました。" (Watashitachi no pātonāshippu wa, ryōsha no seichō ni yakudachimashita.)
verb (phrasal) B2
/ˈpæs ˌɔːf/

to present something or someone falsely as something else; to pretend or deceive

"He tried to pass off the fake watch as a luxury brand."

Passion definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpæʃ.ən/
情熱 (jōnetsu)

a strong feeling of enthusiasm or excitement for something or about doing something

"Her passion for teaching was evident in every class."

"彼女の教育への情熱は、すべてのクラスで明らかでした。" (Kanojo no kyōiku e no jōnetsu wa, subete no kurasu de akirakadeshita.)
passionate definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/ˈpæʃənət/
情熱的な (jōnetsuteki na)

showing or caused by strong feelings or a strong belief

"He is passionate about environmental conservation."

"彼は環境保護に情熱を注いでいます。" (Kare wa kankyō hogo ni jōnetsu o sosogiteimasu.)
passive definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/ˈpæsɪv/
受動的; (文法) 受動態 (judōteki; (bunpō) judōtai)

not actively responding or participating; in grammar, denoting the voice in which the subject undergoes the action

"Instead of taking charge, he remained passive during the meeting."

"会議では責任を取る代わりに、彼は受動的なままでした。" (Kaigi de wa sekinin o toru kawari ni, kare wa judōteki na mama deshita.)
Pastime definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpæs.taɪm/
余暇 (yoka)

an activity done regularly for enjoyment; a hobby or recreational activity

"Reading books is her favorite pastime during weekends."

"読書は週末の彼女のお気に入りの余暇活動です。" (Dokusho wa shūmatsu no kanojo no okiniiri no yokakatsudō desu.)
pat definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
🤚

pat

verb B2
/pæt/

to touch someone or something gently, often to show affection or approval

"She gently patted the dog on its head."

Patch definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/pætʃ/
パッチ (patch)

a piece of cloth or material used to cover or mend a hole or a tear

"He put a patch on his jeans to cover the tear."

"彼はジーンズに裂け目を隠すためにパッチをつけました。" (Kare wa jīnzu ni sake me o kakusu tame ni patchi o tsukemashita.)
patent definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun, verb, adjective B2
/ˈpeɪtənt/ or /ˈpætənt/
特許 (tokkyo)

a government license granting exclusive rights to an inventor; also to obtain such rights

"He patented his new invention to protect it from being copied."

"彼は自分の新しい発明をコピーから守るために特許を取った。" (Kare wa jibun no atarashī hatsumei o kopī kara mamoru tame ni tokkyo o totta.)
adjective B2
/pəˈθɛtɪk/

Causing feelings of pity, sadness, or sometimes contempt.

"The team’s performance in the match was simply pathetic."

pathway definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpæθweɪ/
小道 (komichi)

a route or course along which something travels or progresses

"The narrow pathway led to the hidden garden."

"狭い小道が隠れた庭へと続いていた。" (Semai komichi ga kakureta niwa e to tsuzuiteita.)
Patriot definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpeɪtriət/
愛国者 (aikokusha)

A person who loves and strongly supports their country.

"The patriot stood proudly under the national flag."

"愛国者は国旗の下で誇りを持って立っていた。" (Aikokusha wa kokki no moto de hokori wo motte tatte ita.)
adjective B2
/ˌpeɪ.triˈɑː.tɪk/
愛国的な (aikokuteki na)

showing love for one's country

"The patriotic citizens celebrated Independence Day with great enthusiasm."

"愛国的な市民たちは独立記念日を大きな熱意で祝いました。" (Aikokuteki na shimin-tachi wa dokuritsu kinenbi o ōkina netsui de iwai mashita.)
patriotism definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpeɪtriətɪzəm/
愛国心 (aikokushin)

Love for and devotion to one's country.

"His patriotism was evident when he volunteered for military service."

"彼の愛国心は、軍事サービスに志願したときに明らかでした。" (Kare no aikokushin wa, gunji sābisu ni shigan shita toki ni akiraka deshita.)
patrol definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb B2
/pəˈtroʊl/
パトロールする (patorōru suru)

to move around an area to watch or guard it

"The police patrol the streets at night to ensure safety."

"警察は夜に街をパトロールして安全を確保しています。" (Keisatsu wa yoru ni machi o patorōru shite anzen o kakuho shiteimasu.)
patron definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpeɪtrən/
後援者 (kouensha)

a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, or cause

"The library is supported by generous patrons."

"図書館は寛大な後援者によって支えられています。" (Toshokan wa kandai na kouensha ni yotte sasaerareteimasu.)
adjective B2
/ˈpeɪ.ə.bəl/
支払期限 (shiharai kigen)

required to be paid; owed as a debt

"The amount is payable within thirty days of the invoice date."

"金額は請求書の日付から30日以内に支払期限となります。" (Kingaku wa seikyūsho no hizuke kara 30-nichi inai ni shiharai kigen to narimasu.)
Peak definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/piːk/
頂点 (chōten)

the pointed top of a mountain or hill, or the highest point of something

"They reached the peak of the mountain after hours of hiking."

"彼らは数時間のハイキングの後、山の頂点に到達しました。" (Karera wa sūjikan no haikingu no ato, yama no chōten ni tōtatsu shimashita.)
peasant definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun B2
/ˈpɛzənt/
農民 (nōmin)

a poor farmer or agricultural laborer who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation

"The peasant worked hard in the fields from dawn to dusk."

"その農民は夜明けから日暮れまで畑で一生懸命働いていました。" (Sono nōmin wa yoake kara hikure made hatake de isshōkenmei hataraite imashita.)
noun B2
/ˈpɛbl/
小石 (koishi)

a small smooth stone found on beaches or rivers

"He threw a pebble into the pond and watched the ripples."

"彼は小石を池に投げ入れて、波を見ていました。" (Kare wa koishi o ike ni nageirete, nami o mitemashita.)
Peculiar definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective B2
/pɪˈkjuːliər/
奇妙な (kimyōna)

strange or unusual; characteristic of only one person, place, or thing

"She has a peculiar habit of talking to her plants."

"彼女は植物に話しかける奇妙な習慣があります。" (Kanojo wa shokubutsu ni hanashikakeru kimyōna shūkan ga arimasu.)
adverb B2
/pɪˈkju:.li.ə.li/
奇妙に; 異常に (kimyō ni; ijō ni)

in a strange or unusual way; in a manner that is distinctive or characteristic

"She dressed peculiarly for the formal dinner, wearing bright colors and unusual patterns."

"彼女はフォーマルディナーのために、明るい色と珍しい柄の服を着て、特異な方法でドレスアップしました。" (Kanojo wa fōmaru dinā no tame ni, akarui iro to mezurashī gara no fuku o kite, tokui na hōhō de doresu appu shimashita.)
noun, verb B2
/ˈpɛdəl/
足で操作するレバー (ashi de sōsa suru rebā)

A foot-operated lever for powering or controlling a mechanism, especially on a bicycle.

"He pressed down hard on the bicycle pedal."

"彼は自転車のペダルを力いっぱい踏んだ。" (Kare wa jitensha no pedal wo chikara ippai funda.)