CEFR Level
A feeling of excitement, happiness, or elation.
"The feeling of exhilaration after a roller-coaster ride is amazing."
the state of being forced to live in a foreign country, often for political reasons
"After the coup, the former leader was forced into exile."
Relating to human existence, often concerning meaning or purpose of life.
"She went through an existential crisis during her midlife."
A mass departure of people from a place.
"There was a sudden exodus of workers after the strike began."
To clear someone from blame or accusation.
"The court exonerated her from all charges."
A planet that orbits a star outside the solar system.
"Astronomers have discovered thousands of exoplanets in the last decade."
Unreasonably high or excessive, especially in cost or amount.
"They charged an exorbitant fee for a simple service."
a wide, open area of land, sea, or sky
"The desert is a vast expanse of sand and rock."
covering a wide area or having a wide range of ideas or emotions
"They enjoyed the expansive view from the hilltop."
a person who lives outside their native country
"Many expatriates gather in the city’s international community."
the state of expecting something; anticipation or likelihood
"There was a sense of expectancy in the room before the results were announced."
suitable or convenient for achieving a particular end, sometimes at the expense of morality
"It was expedient to take the shortcut despite the risks."
to make a process or action happen more quickly
"The company promised to expedite the delivery of the package."
to use up or spend resources such as time, money, or energy
"She expended a lot of energy preparing for the presentation."
In a way that is based on or derived from experiment and observation rather than theory.
"Bose demonstrated findings experimentally."
The process of performing a scientific procedure to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
"Experimentation leads to groundbreaking products."
making use of a situation or people unfairly and unethically for one's own advantage
"The workers protested against the exploitative practices of the factory."
a person who supports, promotes, or explains an idea; in math, a symbol denoting power
"She is a leading exponent of modern dance."
Rapid growth or dramatic progress within a specific time
"The tech industry has seen exponential growth in recent years."
At a rapidly increasing rate; growing or expanding very quickly and intensely.
"Internet adoption is growing exponentially worldwide."
a detailed explanation or a large public exhibition
"The scientist gave a clear exposition of the theory."
to present and explain in detail
"The professor expounded the theory in simple terms."
The act of forcing someone to leave a place, especially a school or country.
"His constant misbehavior led to his expulsion from school."
Extremely beautiful, delicate, or finely made.
"The bride wore an exquisite gown made of silk."
serving to make a fault or an offense seem less serious
"She asked for leniency due to extenuating circumstances."
A side effect or consequence of an industrial or commercial activity.
"Pollution is a negative externality of industrialization."
to put out a fire, light, or to end something
"The firefighters managed to extinguish the blaze within an hour."
to praise enthusiastically and highly
"The teacher extolled the student's dedication and hard work."
to obtain something, especially money, by force, threats, or unfair means
"The gang attempted to extort money from local shopkeepers."
the practice of obtaining something, especially money, through force or threats
"The businessman was arrested for extortion after threatening his partner."
the act of removing something, especially by pulling it out
"The extraction of oil from the ground requires special equipment."
to hand over a person accused or convicted of a crime to another country or state
"The government agreed to extradite the fugitive to his home country."
the official process of sending someone accused of a crime to another country or state
"The extradition of the suspect was delayed due to legal issues."
Not directly related or essential to the matter at hand; irrelevant.
"The editor removed extraneous details from the report."
To estimate or infer something by extending known information or trends.
"Scientists extrapolate future climate patterns from current data."
Extend the application of (a method or conclusion) to an unknown situation by assuming that existing trends will continue.
"Extrapolating from the current data, we can estimate the trends for next year."
The process of estimating or predicting something based on extending known information.
"The company's financial extrapolation suggests steady growth."
Excessive spending or lack of restraint in using resources.
"His extravagance on luxury cars worried his family."
A person who holds extreme political or religious views and may act on them.
"The group was led by an extremist with radical ideas."
The farthest point or limit of something; a severe or extreme condition.
"He was pushed to the extremity of his patience."
To free someone or something from a constraint or difficulty.
"The firefighters extricated the passengers from the wrecked car."
a person who is outgoing, sociable, and energized by being around other people
"As an extrovert, she enjoys meeting new people at social events."
the quality of being full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness
"Her exuberance made the whole team feel motivated."
full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness
"The children were exuberant after winning the game."
to display a quality strongly and openly; to release a liquid or smell slowly
"He exudes confidence whenever he speaks in public."
a person who has seen something happen and can give evidence about it
"The police interviewed several eyewitnesses to the accident."
to invent or concoct something, often with the intent to deceive; or to construct or manufacture
"The witness fabricated his testimony to protect himself."
something that is made up or invented; a lie or false story
"The journalist was fired for publishing fabrications instead of facts."
The front of a building; a false or superficial appearance
"The building's glass facade reflected the sunset."
A particular aspect or feature of something
"Honesty is an important facet of his character."
