CEFR Level
A shift in population patterns from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops economically
"The demographic transition indicates a shift towards an aging society."
the act or process of destroying a building or structure
"The demolition of the old factory took several weeks."
clearly able to be shown or proven
"There was demonstrable evidence that he was innocent."
openly showing feelings, especially affection or emotion
"She was very demonstrative with her affection towards her friends."
a person who shows how something works or takes part in a public protest
"The demonstrators marched peacefully through the city streets."
to cause someone to lose confidence or hope
"The constant criticism demoralized the young athlete."
a recognized autonomous branch of the Christian Church; a unit of value or currency
"The church belongs to a Protestant denomination."
the public condemnation or accusation of someone or something
"The journalist's article was a strong denunciation of corruption."
deserving strong condemnation; shockingly bad in quality
"The refugees were living in deplorable conditions."
The act of expelling a foreigner from a country.
"The deportation of hundreds of workers sparked international criticism."
the act of removing someone from office, or the process of giving sworn evidence
"The lawyer took the witness’s deposition before the trial."
a place where things are stored or deposited, especially financial assets
"The national depository safeguards all government bonds."
to reduce in value over time
"Cars tend to depreciate quickly in their first few years."
A reduction in the value of an asset over time, especially due to wear and tear.
"The company recorded a large depreciation on its equipment this year."
A drug that reduces functional or nervous activity in the body.
"Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system."
The state of lacking basic necessities or comforts of life.
"Children growing up in deprivation often face many challenges."
The removal or reduction of government regulations and controls, often involving liberalization, free market policies, or privatization.
"The deregulation of industries boosted economic growth."
The origin or development of something from a source.
"The derivation of the word comes from Latin."
Something that is based on another source; in math, a measure of how a function changes.
"The film was criticized for being too derivative of earlier works."
A doctor who specializes in the treatment of skin diseases.
"She consulted a dermatologist for her skin allergy."
The branch of medicine concerned with the skin and its diseases.
"He studied dermatology at medical school."
Showing a critical or disrespectful attitude.
"The article contained derogatory comments about the politician."
To make someone less sensitive or reactive to something through repeated exposure.
"Constant exposure to violence can desensitize people."
The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.
"Deforestation accelerates desertification."
the action of choosing someone for a position; a name, title, or official status
"His designation as team leader came with additional responsibilities and authority."
Deserving hatred and contempt; vile or shameful.
"His despicable actions shocked the entire community."
feeling or showing deep hopelessness or discouragement
"She felt despondent after losing her job."
the state of being separated or emotionally uninvolved
"She observed the situation with complete detachment."