CEFR Level
the backbone; a series of bones extending from the skull to the lower back
"The doctor examined her spine after the accident."
winding in a continuous curve; helical
"The spiral staircase led to the top floor."
relating to or affecting the human spirit or soul
"She practices spiritual meditation every morning."
to force liquid, especially saliva, out of the mouth
"He spat on the ground in anger."
a desire to hurt, annoy, or offend someone
"She refused the gift out of spite."
a person who speaks on behalf of others, especially for a group or organization
"The spokesman addressed the crowd during the rally."
a person who speaks on behalf of others or an organization
"The spokesperson addressed the press conference on behalf of the company."
a woman who speaks on behalf of a group or organization
"The spokeswoman for the company announced the new product."
a person or organization that provides funds for a project or activity in exchange for publicity or support
"The company became the main sponsor of the event."
the act of supporting an event, activity, person, or organization financially or through other resources
"The event was made possible due to the sponsorship of several big companies."
Happening naturally without planning or external cause; impulsive or unplanned.
"Their spontaneous trip to the mountains turned out to be the highlight of the summer."
A person who is skilled in sports or enjoys participating in athletic activities.
"He is a true sportsman, always fair and respectful to his opponents."
a strong beam of light directed onto a particular area; figuratively, public attention
"The singer stood proudly in the spotlight."
having spots or marks; noticed or seen
"The spotted leopard moved silently through the jungle."
a person's husband or wife
"Each employee may include their spouse in the health insurance plan."
to apply liquid to something in a fine mist
"She sprayed perfume on her wrist before leaving."
to scatter small drops or particles of a substance over a surface
"She sprinkled sugar on top of the cake."
a small group of people organized for a specific purpose or task, often in the military or sports
"The football squad trained hard before the championship match."
to crush or squeeze something with force so that it becomes flat or broken
"She accidentally squashed the bug with her shoe."
to press something firmly, especially from all sides in order to extract or compress it
"She squeezed the toothpaste to get the last bit."
to pierce or wound with a pointed weapon or object
"He was stabbed in the back during the altercation."
the quality of being steady and unchanging over time
"The stability of the economy is crucial for growth."
to make something steady, secure, or unlikely to change suddenly
"The government took measures to stabilize the economy."
to arrange things in a neat pile or one on top of another
"He stacked the books neatly on the shelf."
a large structure with seating for sports, concerts, or other events
"Thousands of fans filled the stadium to watch the final match."
to mark or discolor something permanently; a spot or mark left behind
"The coffee spilled and stained the tablecloth."
A share or interest in a business or venture; to risk or support something of value.
"He has a major stake in the new company."
A strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end, driven into the ground.
"The stakes were high for the success of the project."
no longer fresh; lacking originality or novelty
"The bread became stale after sitting out for three days."
to stop or cause to stop temporarily; a small shop or stand
"The car stalled on the way to the office."
The physical or mental strength to sustain prolonged effort or activity.
"Marathon runners need great stamina to finish the race."
a person's attitude, opinion, or position on an issue
"The company took a strong stance on environmental protection."
a marine echinoderm with five or more radiating arms, typically found on the sea floor
"The starfish slowly moved across the ocean floor searching for food."
Severe, sharp, or clearly defined; plain and without any decoration.
"The stark contrast between poverty and wealth was evident in the city."
full of stars; shining like stars; relating to stars
"We enjoyed the starry night sky while camping in the mountains."
a person or thing that starts something; the first course of a meal
"The starter of the meal was a fresh salad."
To surprise or frighten someone suddenly.
"The loud noise startled the children."
suddenly shocked or surprised by something unexpected
"She was startled by the loud noise outside."
New company, business venture.
"The startup grew into a global brand."
suffering or death caused by lack of food; extreme hunger
"Many people died of starvation during the famine."
to suffer or die from lack of food
"He was left to starve in the desert."
Lacking movement, action, or change; fixed or stationary.
"The economy remained static for several years."
Not moving or not intended to be moved.
"The car remained stationary at the red light."
relating to the use or analysis of numerical data
"The report provides statistical data about population growth."
the practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data
"The statistics showed an increase in the number of users last year."
in a regular and continuous way; without stopping or changing
"The company's profits have been increasing steadily."
firm, stable, and not likely to change suddenly
"He kept his hand steady while painting the picture."
the vapor into which water is converted when heated; to emit or treat with steam
"The kettle was steaming on the stove."
a ship or boat powered by steam engines
"The old steamer crossed the river slowly."
Having a sharp inclination or high slope; also can mean excessive (as in price).
"The hikers climbed a steep mountain trail."
