CEFR Level
being of an age between young and old; typically between 40-60 years old
"The middle-aged man started a new career."
belonging to the social group between the upper and working class, typically with moderate income and education
"They live a comfortable middle-class life in the city."
the middle part or position of something
"In the midst of chaos, she remained calm."
having great power or strength; very strong or impressive
"The mighty river flows through the heart of the country."
A person who moves from one place to another, especially to find work or better living conditions.
"Many migrants travel long distances to find employment."
To move from one region or habitat to another, especially regularly according to the seasons or for work.
"Birds migrate south during the winter."
the movement of people or animals from one place to another, often for better living conditions or seasonal reasons
"The annual migration of birds is a fascinating natural event."
An important achievement or stage in a process or journey.
"Winning this award is a milestone in his career."
a pure white color resembling milk
"The clouds looked milky white against the blue sky."
a building equipped with machinery for grinding grain or manufacturing goods
"The old flour mill has been converted into a museum."
being conscious or aware; paying attention to the present moment
"She is always mindful of her surroundings and pays attention to details."
The quality or state of being conscious or aware of something; a mental state achieved by focusing one's awareness on the present moment.
"Practicing mindfulness reduces stress and anxiety."
The established set of attitudes held by someone.
"A growth mindset helps individuals embrace challenges."
a person who works in a mine, extracting minerals or other resources
"The miner worked in the coal mine for many years."
a naturally occurring substance that is solid and inorganic, often used in industry or nutrition
"Calcium is an important mineral for strong bones."
a very small version of something; small in scale or size
"The artist created a miniature model of the castle."
the smallest or least amount possible
"The damage to the car was minimal after the accident."
to reduce something to the smallest possible amount or degree
"We should minimize the risks before starting the project."
the smallest or lowest amount that is allowed or required
"The minimum age to vote is eighteen in most countries."
the process of extracting valuable minerals or other resources from the earth
"Mining in this area has increased in recent years."
A government department headed by a minister or the work of a religious minister.
"He works at the Ministry of Education."
less important, serious, or significant; a person under the legal age
"Luckily, the accident caused only minor injuries."
A smaller number or part, especially a group differing from the majority.
"The law aims to protect the rights of ethnic minorities."
a place where coins are made; to produce or invent something new
"The government decided to mint new coins to commemorate the anniversary."
to behave badly or improperly
"The child misbehaved during the class."
bad or improper behavior
"The teacher punished the student for his misbehavior."
Bad or unacceptable behavior, especially by children or in formal situations
"The student was punished for his misbehaviour in class."
Playful misbehavior or troublemaking.
"The children were full of mischief during the party."
Causing or showing a fondness for causing trouble in a playful way.
"She gave him a mischievous smile."
in a wretched or unhappy manner; extremely badly
"The team performed miserably in the championship."
A state of great suffering, unhappiness, or discomfort.
"The refugees lived in constant misery."
Bad luck or an unfortunate event.
"He suffered the misfortune of losing his job during the recession."
giving the wrong idea or impression
"The advertisement was misleading and gave false information."
a weapon that is self-propelled and directed toward a target
"The army launched a missile towards the enemy base."
wrong or incorrect because of an error in judgment or understanding
"I was mistaken about the meeting time."
A failure to understand something correctly; a disagreement or confusion between people
"The argument was caused by a simple misunderstanding."
The wrong or inappropriate use of something
"Misuse of AI can lead to ethical dilemmas."
a color created by combining two or more different colors
"The mixed colour created a beautiful gradient on the canvas."
A combination of different things or substances blended together.
"The cake recipe requires a mixture of flour and sugar."
Protection of mobile devices and the data stored on them from security threats.
"Strong mobile security protects personal information."
The ability to move or be moved freely and easily.
"The injury limited his mobility for several months."
To make fun of someone or something in a cruel or unkind way.
"The students mocked his accent during class."
A particular way or style in which something is done, experienced, or expressed.
"The phone has a silent mode for meetings."
To make something less extreme (verb); average in amount, intensity, quality, or degree (adjective).
"She tried to moderate her tone during the argument."
to a reasonable extent, not excessively
"She exercises moderately to stay healthy."
The avoidance of excess or extremes; keeping balance or within reasonable limits.
"He drinks wine in moderation."
A person who leads or oversees discussions, debates, or forums to maintain order.
"The moderator asked each panelist to share their views."
The process of adapting something to modern needs or habits.
"Modernization of industries reduces pollution."
To adapt something to modern needs or styles; to update or improve.
"The company plans to modernize its IT infrastructure."
Having or showing a humble estimate of one’s importance; simple and not extravagant.
"She lives in a modest house in the countryside."
