CEFR Level
a model or replica of a human used for practice, display, or testing; also a term for a foolish person
"The tailor used a dummy to display the dress."
to drop or dispose of something carelessly; to end a relationship suddenly
"He dumped all the trash into the bin."
able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; lasting; strong
"This durable fabric will last for many years."
the length of time that something continues
"The meeting lasted for the duration of two hours."
covered with or full of dust; dry and dull from lack of moisture or use
"The old bookshelf was dusty after years of neglect."
a person, animal, or plant much smaller than average
"Snow White lived with seven dwarfs."
To live in or occupy a place; to think or talk about something at length.
"They dwell in a small cottage near the river."
Characterized by constant change, activity, or progress; energetic and forceful.
"She is a dynamic leader who inspires her team."
the forces or properties that stimulate growth, development, or change within a system or process
"The dynamics of the team changed after the new manager joined."
with keen interest or enthusiasm; with great desire
"The children eagerly waited for the holiday to begin."
A person who earns money through work or business
"She is the primary earner in her family."
money obtained in return for labor or services
"Her monthly earnings are enough to support her family."
a segmented worm that lives in soil and helps decompose organic matter
"The gardener was happy to find many earthworms in the soil."
absence of difficulty or effort; to make something less serious or severe
"Meditation helps ease stress."
suitable or safe for eating
"The berries are not only eatable but also quite tasty."
unconventional and slightly strange in behavior or appearance
"The artist was known for his eccentric style."
a sound that is reflected off a surface and heard again; to repeat or reflect a sound or idea.
"Her laughter echoed through the empty hall."
To repeat or resound; to be reminiscent of something.
"The words of gratitude echoed in his heart."
Technologies that are designed to minimize environmental impact and promote sustainability.
"Eco-friendly technologies can mitigate pollution."
Tourism directed toward exotic, often threatened, natural environments.
"Eco-tourism promotes environmental conservation through travel."
relating to the relationships between living organisms and their environment.
"The factory made several ecological improvements to reduce pollution."
The stable state of an ecosystem where all organisms coexist harmoniously.
"Preserving butterflies helps maintain ecological balance."
A scientist who studies the relationships between living organisms and their environment.
"The ecologist studied the effects of pollution on the forest ecosystem."
the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment
"Ecology helps us understand how pollution affects animals and plants."
The ability of an economy to support a defined level of economic production indefinitely.
"Economic sustainability drives long-term growth."
The organized framework for production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in society.
"Capitalism, socialism, and mixed economies are types of economic systems."
Careful in the use of resources; providing good value or efficiency.
"Driving a hybrid car is economical in the long run."
in a way that relates to economics or is efficient and not wasteful.
"The company is trying to operate more economically this year."
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
"The forest ecosystem supports a wide variety of animals and plants."
Fit or suitable to be eaten; safe to eat.
"The mushrooms in the basket are edible."
A newspaper article expressing the opinion of the editor or publisher.
"The newspaper published an editorial criticizing government policy."
a person who provides education; a teacher or instructor
"She is a dedicated educator who inspires her students every day."
the degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result.
"The effectiveness of the new policy is still being evaluated."
The ability to accomplish a task with minimum wasted effort or resources.
"The new system improved the efficiency of data processing."
in a way that achieves maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense
"She managed to complete the task efficiently within the deadline."
verb: to explain something in detail; adjective: detailed and complicated in design
"She asked him to elaborate on his proposal."
Able to return to its original shape or size after being stretched or compressed.
"The waistband of the pants is made of elastic material."
To choose someone for a position or office by voting.
"The citizens elected a new president."
related to elections or voting
"The electoral process in the country has been reformed in recent years."
A power tool used for drilling holes in various materials
"He used an electric drill to make holes in the wall for hanging pictures."
To raise or lift something to a higher position; to improve in status, mood, or quality.
"Good music can elevate your mood instantly."
the state of having the right to do or obtain something
"Students must meet certain requirements to maintain their eligibility for the scholarship."
Qualified or allowed to do or receive something.
"Only members are eligible to vote in the election."
To completely remove or get rid of something.
"The new policy aims to eliminate corruption in the system."
The complete removal or destruction of something.
"The elimination of emissions is a priority."
A select group that is superior in terms of ability or qualities.
"Only the elite were invited to the exclusive event."
to begin a journey, project, or activity
"She decided to embark on a new career in medicine."
