hopefully
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B1 adverb /ˈhoʊpfəli/

hopefully

希望
Meaning
in a hopeful manner; expressing hope or optimism
Example
Hopefully, the weather will be nice tomorrow.
希望明天天气会很好。
C2 adjective /ˈbʌksəm/

buxom

丰满且迷人的女性
Meaning
Plump, with a full figure and often large-breasted, especially used to describe women.
Example
The actress was described as a cheerful and buxom woman.
这位女演员被描述为一个快乐且丰满的女性。
C1 noun ˈrɔɪəl ˈbɛŋɡəl ˈtaɪɡər

Royal Bengal Tiger

皇家孟加拉虎
Meaning
A subspecies of tiger found primarily in India and Bangladesh, known for its distinctive orange coat with black stripes.
Example
The Royal Bengal Tiger is an iconic species of the Sundarbans.
皇家孟加拉虎是孙德班的标志性物种。
B1 noun ˌɔː.ɡən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃənz

organizations

组织
Meaning
Organized groups of people with a particular purpose
Example
Organizations play a key role in policymaking.
组织在政策制定中发挥着重要作用。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdetɪd/

Indebted

负债的; 感激的
Meaning
owing money or gratitude to someone; obligated; grateful
Example
I am deeply indebted to my teacher for all her guidance.
我对我的老师为我提供的所有指导深感感激。
C1 verb /ˈʃækəl/

shackle

束缚
Meaning
to chain or restrain; to restrict someone’s actions or freedom
Example
Outdated regulations shackle small businesses and slow innovation.
过时的规定束缚了小企业并减缓了创新。
C2 verb /ˈsæŋktɪfaɪ/

sanctify

圣化
Meaning
to make holy or sacred; to purify
Example
The priest will sanctify the marriage ceremony.
牧师将祝圣婚礼仪式。
B2 noun /ˌek.əˈnɒm.ɪk səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

economic sustainability

经济可持续性
Meaning
The ability of an economy to support a defined level of economic production indefinitely.
Example
Economic sustainability drives long-term growth.
经济可持续性推动长期增长。
C2 noun /ˈpjuː.pɪ.lɪdʒ/

pupilage

学徒状态
Meaning
The state of being a pupil or under instruction.
Example
During his pupilage, he studied law under a senior barrister.
在他的学徒状态期间，他在一位资深律师的指导下学习了法律。
C2 noun /ˈhʌvəl/

hovel

Meaning
a small, poorly built, and dirty house
Example
The refugees lived in a makeshift hovel.
B2 adjective /kɒzˈmɛt.ɪk/

cosmetic

化妆品
Meaning
relating to beauty or appearance; intended to improve looks
Example
She bought a new cosmetic cream for her skin.
她为她的皮肤买了一种新的化妆品。
B1 noun /prəˈməʊ.ʃən/

Promotion

晋升; 升职
Meaning
the act of raising someone to a higher position; advertising to increase sales
Example
She received a promotion to manager after five years of hard work.
她在五年的辛勤工作后晋升为经理。
B2 verb /ɜːrdʒ/

urge

催促
Meaning
to strongly encourage or try to persuade someone to do something
Example
Doctors urge patients to exercise regularly.
医生鼓励病人定期锻炼。
C2 noun /ˈfærɪsiː/

pharisee

伪君子
Meaning
A member of an ancient Jewish sect; by extension, a self-righteous or hypocritical person.
Example
He acted like a pharisee, judging others while ignoring his own faults.
他像个法利赛人一样行事，批评别人却忽视自己的错误。
B2 noun /kəmˈpɑːrt.mənt/

Compartment

车厢
Meaning
a separate section or division of a larger space, especially in a train
Example
We found seats in the first-class compartment.
我们在头等舱车厢找到了座位。
C1 noun /sloʊθ/

Sloth

懒惰; 不愿意工作或付出努力
Meaning
laziness; reluctance to work or make an effort
Example
His sloth prevented him from achieving his goals.
他的懒惰阻止了他实现目标。
B2 noun /veɪn/

Vein

静脉; 血管
Meaning
a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart; a streak or marking of a different color
Example
The nurse found a vein in his arm to draw blood.
护士在他手臂上找到了静脉来抽血。
B2 verb /dɪˈmɒlɪʃ/

demolish

拆除
Meaning
to destroy completely, especially a building or structure
Example
The city decided to demolish the old stadium to build a new one.
这座城市决定拆除旧体育场，建造一个新的。
A2 adjective /niːt/

Neat

干净整洁; 井然有序; 精心制作
Meaning
clean and tidy; well-organized; carefully done
Example
Her room is always neat and organized.
她的房间总是整洁有序。
C2 noun /ˌdɪsprəˈpɔːrʃən/

disproportion

不平衡
Meaning
a lack of balance or symmetry; an inequality
Example
There is a clear disproportion between rich and poor in many societies.
在许多社会中，富人和穷人之间存在明显的不平衡。
C2 adjective /ˌmæl.əˈfɪʃ.ənt/

maleficient

恶意的
Meaning
Doing harm or evil; having a harmful effect.
Example
The maleficient acts of the tyrant ruined the kingdom.
暴君的恶意行为摧毁了王国。
B2 noun /ˈfreʃmən/

freshman

大一新生
Meaning
a first-year student at a high school, college, or university
Example
The freshman felt nervous on his first day at university.
大一新生在大学的第一天感到紧张。
B2 noun /ˈdel.ɪ.ɡət/

Delegate

代表
Meaning
a person chosen or elected to act for or represent others; representative
Example
Each country sent a delegate to participate in the international conference.
每个国家派遣了一个代表参加国际会议。
B2 noun /pʌntʃ/

Punch

打孔工具
Meaning
a tool used for making holes or indentations in materials
Example
The carpenter used a punch to make holes in the leather.
木匠使用打孔工具在皮革上打孔。
C1 adjective /ˌjuːnɪˈlætərəl/

Unilateral

单方面
Meaning
one-sided; involving only one party
Example
The country made a unilateral decision to withdraw from the treaty.
这个国家做出了单方面的决定，退出了条约。
C2 adjective /ˈwæɡ.ɪʃ/

waggish

顽皮或淘气
Meaning
playfully humorous or mischievous
Example
His waggish remarks made everyone laugh.
他的顽皮评论让每个人都笑了。
B2 adjective /ˈsʌt.əl/

subtle

微妙, 轻微, 精细
Meaning
So delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyze or describe; making use of clever and indirect methods.
Example
The artist's use of color was subtle yet powerful.
艺术家对色彩的运用既微妙又有力。
B1 verb /hʊk/

hook

钩子
Meaning
to catch with a hook; to fasten
Example
He hooked the fish successfully.
他成功地钩住了那条鱼。
B1 noun, verb /toʊn/

tone

音调
Meaning
the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc.
Example
The tone of the letter was very formal.
这封信的音调非常正式。
B1 noun /ˈfæn.si/

Fancy

幻想; 幻觉或想象
Meaning
a feeling of liking or wanting something; imagination or fantasy
Example
The child had a fancy for becoming a famous astronaut when he grew up.
孩子长大后希望成为一名著名的宇航员。
C1 noun /ˈbɑːr.tər ˌsɪs.təm/

barter system

物物交换
Meaning
A system of exchange where goods and services are traded directly without using money.
Example
Ancient civilizations used the barter system for trade.
古代文明使用物物交换系统进行贸易。
C2 noun/verb /ˈsʌkər/

succor

帮助
Meaning
Assistance and support in times of hardship or distress.
Example
The charity provided succor to the flood victims.
慈善机构为洪水受害者提供了帮助。
A2 noun rɪˈsɜːtʃ

research

研究
Meaning
The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.
Example
Research on radio waves began earlier in India.
关于无线电波的研究在印度早期就开始了。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈkuːθ/

uncouth

粗鲁
Meaning
Lacking good manners, refinement, or grace; awkward or rough.
Example
His uncouth behavior shocked the guests at the party.
他粗鲁的行为让聚会上的客人感到震惊。
C1 noun /ˌdɛməˈlɪʃən/

demolition

拆除
Meaning
the act or process of destroying a building or structure
Example
The demolition of the old factory took several weeks.
拆除旧工厂花了好几个星期。
C1 noun /ˌstætʃuˈɛt/

statuette

小雕像
Meaning
A small statue, usually decorative or artistic.
Example
The artist won a gold statuette for his work.
艺术家因其作品获得了一座金色小雕像。
C1 noun /ˈsɑːɡə/

saga

长篇故事
Meaning
A long story of heroic achievement, or a long, complex series of events.
Example
The company's rise and fall became a corporate saga.
公司的兴衰成为了一部企业传奇。
C1 adjective /ˈswoʊlən/

swollen

肿胀的
Meaning
Enlarged or puffed up, usually due to injury, inflammation, or fluid accumulation
Example
Her ankle was swollen after she twisted it during the hike.
她在徒步旅行时扭伤了脚踝，脚踝肿了。
C2 verb /ɪnˈsteɪt/

instate

任命
Meaning
To set up in position, office, or authority.
Example
The board decided to instate her as the new director.
董事会决定任命她为新任总监。
C1 noun /təˈbuː/

taboo

Meaning
a social or cultural prohibition against certain practices or discussions
Example
Talking about money is considered a taboo in some cultures.
C2 verb /kəˈdʒoʊl/

cajole

哄骗
Meaning
To persuade someone to do something by flattery or gentle urging.
Example
She managed to cajole her friend into joining the trip.
她成功地说服她的朋友加入这次旅行。
C1 adjective /ˈɜːr.nɪst/

Earnest

真诚的; 诚恳的; 表现出深刻和认真的信念
Meaning
sincere; genuine; showing deep and serious conviction
Example
He made an earnest attempt to solve the problem.
他做出了一个认真尝试去解决这个问题。
C1 adjective səˈblaɪm

sublime

崇高的, 壮丽的, 庄严的
Meaning
Of such excellence, grandeur, or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe.
Example
The sublime beauty of the mountain landscape took my breath away.
那座山脉的崇高美景让我屏住了呼吸。
B2 noun ˈzɪpərz

zippers

拉链
Meaning
A device consisting of two flexible strips of metal or plastic with interlocking projections closed or opened by pulling a slide along them.
Example
Zippers are used to fasten the opening of the jacket.
拉链用于关闭夹克的开口。
B2 noun /ˈtɛlɪˌskoʊp/

telescope

望远镜
Meaning
An optical instrument used to make distant objects appear closer and larger by collecting and focusing light.
Example
The astronomer used a telescope to observe the distant planets.
天文学家使用望远镜观察遥远的行星。
B2 noun /ˌsɪm.ɪˈlær.ə.ti/

Similarity

相似性; 类似性
Meaning
the quality or state of being similar; resemblance
Example
There is a striking similarity between the two paintings.
这两幅画之间有惊人的相似性。
C2 noun /ˈdɛkəˌlɔːɡ/

decalogue

Meaning
The Ten Commandments in the Bible; a set of fundamental rules or principles.
Example
The priest gave a sermon on the importance of the Decalogue.
A2 noun /ˈzi.brə/

Zebra

斑马
Meaning
an African animal like a horse with black and white stripes
Example
The zebra ran across the African savanna with its herd.
斑马和它的群体在非洲草原上奔跑。
A1 noun /tɔɪ/

toy

玩具
Meaning
an object for children to play with
Example
The child received a toy car for his birthday.
孩子收到了一个玩具车作为生日礼物。
B2 adjective /proʊn/

Prone

倾向于
Meaning
having a tendency to; inclined; lying face down
Example
He is prone to making mistakes when he's tired.
他容易犯错，当他累的时候。
C1 noun ˌsɛn.trə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

centralization

集中化
Meaning
The concentration of control and decision-making power in a central authority.
Example
Excessive centralization can slow down decision-making.
过度的集中化可能会减慢决策的速度。
C2 adjective /ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃəs/

expeditious

迅速
Meaning
Done with speed and efficiency.
Example
The expeditious delivery of the package was appreciated.
包裹的迅速配送得到了赞赏。
C2 adjective /ˈflæb.i/

Flabby

松软且松弛; 缺乏紧实或肌肉张力; 虚弱
Meaning
soft and loose; lacking firmness or muscle tone; weak
Example
His flabby arms showed he needed to exercise more.
他松弛的手臂显示他需要更多的锻炼。
C2 verb /bɪˈsiːtʃ/

beseech

恳求
Meaning
To ask someone urgently and fervently to do something; to beg.
Example
He beseeched the judge for mercy.
他恳求法官宽恕。
C1 verb ɪkˈstræp.ə.leɪt

Extrapolate

外推
Meaning
Making future estimates based on existing information
Example
Scientists extrapolate climate changes based on past data.
科学家根据过去的数据外推气候变化。
C1 noun /ˈkleɪmənt/

claimant

索赔人
Meaning
a person who makes a claim, especially in a legal or financial context
Example
The claimant filed for compensation after the accident.
索赔人事故后申请赔偿。
A1 noun /ˈbɒdi/

body

身体
Meaning
the physical structure of a person or animal
Example
Exercise helps keep the body healthy.
锻炼有助于保持身体健康。
C2 noun /ˈmeɪleɪ/

melee

混乱的打斗
Meaning
A noisy, confused fight or crowd situation.
Example
A melee broke out during the football match.
在足球比赛中爆发了一场混乱的打斗。
B2 noun /ˈɡɑːr.di.ən/

Guardian

监护人; 守护者
Meaning
a defender, protector, or keeper; a person legally responsible for the care of someone unable to manage their own affairs
Example
After her parents died, her uncle became her legal guardian and took care of her.
在她的父母去世后，她的叔叔成为了她的法定监护人，并照顾了她。
C2 noun /ɪnˈtriːti/

entreaty

恳求
Meaning
An earnest or humble request or plea.
Example
She made an entreaty for peace during the heated argument.
她在激烈的争论中恳求和平。
C2 noun /ˌdɪskwɪˈzɪʃən/

disquisition

论文
Meaning
A long or elaborate discussion or written essay on a particular subject.
Example
The professor gave a lengthy disquisition on ancient philosophy.
教授就古代哲学进行了长篇论文。
C1 verb /ˈænɪmeɪt/

animate

动画
Meaning
to bring to life or make lively; to create animation for films or cartoons
Example
The artist will animate the characters for the movie.
艺术家将为电影动画化角色。
C1 noun /træns/

trance

恍惚
Meaning
a half-conscious state like dreaming, often with loss of awareness of surroundings
Example
She stared out of the window as if in a trance.
她盯着窗外，好像处于恍惚状态。
A2 verb /kaʊnt/

count

计数
Meaning
to determine the total number of something
Example
She carefully counted the money on the table.
她小心翼翼地数着桌子上的钱。
C1 noun /ˌsɛlf ɪnˈdʌldʒəns/

self-indulgence

自我纵容
Meaning
The act of allowing oneself to enjoy pleasures or desires excessively.
Example
His weekend of self-indulgence included eating sweets and watching movies nonstop.
他的自我纵容周末包括吃糖果和不停地看电影。
C1 adjective /ˈteɪn.tɪd/

Tainted

污染的; 玷污的
Meaning
contaminated or affected by something bad or undesirable
Example
The water supply was tainted with harmful chemicals.
水供应被有害的化学物质污染了。
C2 adjective /ʌnˈkɒnʃənəbl/

unconscionable

不合理的
Meaning
shockingly unfair or unreasonable
Example
The company made unconscionable profits from the crisis.
公司从危机中获得了不合理的利润。
A2 noun /ˈsoʊldʒər/

soldier

士兵
Meaning
a person who serves in an army, especially as a professional fighter
Example
The soldier marched proudly with his unit.
士兵骄傲地与他的部队一起行进。
A2 noun /skɪl/

skill

技能
Meaning
the ability to do something well through training or experience
Example
Her skill in painting impressed everyone.
她在绘画方面的技能给大家留下了深刻印象。
B1 adjective /ˈprɪn.sə.pəl/

Principal

主要的; 首要的; 最重要的; 首席
Meaning
main; primary; most important; chief
Example
The principal reason for the meeting was to discuss the budget.
会议的主要原因是讨论预算。
B1 adjective /ˈkeɪ.pə.bəl/

Capable

有能力的; 能干的
Meaning
having the ability, fitness, or quality necessary to do or achieve something; competent
Example
She is capable of handling complex problems.
她能够处理复杂的问题。
C2 noun /ˈbrɪtɪˌsɪzəm/

briticism

英式英语的单词或特征
Meaning
a word, phrase, or characteristic feature of British English
Example
The word 'lorry' is a well-known Briticism.
'lorry' 这个词是一个著名的英式词汇。
B2 adjective /ˌʌn.kəʊˈɒp.ər.ə.tɪv/

uncooperative

不合作的
Meaning
not willing to help or work with others; unhelpful
Example
The witness was uncooperative and refused to answer questions.
证人不合作，拒绝回答问题。
A1 adverb /təˈɡeðər/

Together

一起
Meaning
with each other; in unity; at the same time
Example
We should work together to solve this problem.
我们应该一起工作来解决这个问题。
B2 noun /ˈθiːərɪst/

theorist

理论家
Meaning
A person who develops, studies, or explains theories in a particular field.
Example
The political theorist explained the impact of democracy on social structures.
政治理论家解释了民主对社会结构的影响。
A2 adjective, noun /dɛd/

dead

死的
Meaning
No longer alive; the end of life.
Example
The old tree is completely dead.
那棵老树已经完全死了。
C1 adjective /ˈnɔːtɪkəl/

nautical

航海
Meaning
relating to ships, sailors, or navigation on water
Example
He studied nautical charts before setting sail.
他在起航前研究了航海图。
C1 noun /ˈmedoʊ/

Meadow

草地
Meaning
A piece of grassland, especially one used for hay
Example
The cows grazed peacefully in the green meadow.
奶牛在绿色的草地上安静地吃草。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌl.ki/

Sulky

脾气坏且沉默; 易怒
Meaning
bad-tempered and sullen; moody
Example
The child became sulky when he couldn't get his favorite toy.
孩子变得脾气坏，因为他无法得到自己最喜欢的玩具。
C2 noun /ˌɡæskəˈneɪd/

gasconade

夸大其词, 吹嘘
Meaning
Extravagant boasting or bragging.
Example
His endless gasconade made him unpopular among his peers.
他无休止的吹嘘让他在同龄人中不受欢迎。
B2 noun /ˈmɒdjuːl/

module

模块
Meaning
a self-contained unit of a course or system, typically part of a larger whole
Example
The module on machine learning was difficult but informative.
机器学习的模块很难，但很有信息量。
C2 noun /blɑːtʃ/

blotch

污点
Meaning
a large, irregular spot or stain, often on skin or fabric
Example
His shirt had a red blotch from the spilled juice.
他的衬衫上有一个红色的污点，是由洒出的果汁造成的。
B2 noun ˈlɛvərɪdʒ

leverage

杠杆作用
Meaning
The use of borrowed capital or resources to increase the potential return of an investment; using something to maximum advantage.
Example
Leverage amplifies your efforts and scales your work.
杠杆作用放大了你的努力，提升了你的工作规模。
B2 adjective /ˈtrʌst.wɜː.ði/

Trustworthy

可信
Meaning
able to be relied on as honest or truthful; deserving of trust
Example
He is a trustworthy friend who always keeps his promises.
他是一个值得信赖的朋友，总是遵守诺言。
B2 noun /ˈɡlæm.ər/

Glamour

魅力; 吸引力; 魅惑;
Meaning
an attractive or exciting quality that makes certain people or things seem appealing; alluring charm
Example
The glamour of Hollywood attracted young actors from around the world.
好莱坞的魅力吸引了世界各地的年轻演员。
C2 noun /ˈpɑːrsɪmoʊni/

parsimony

吝啬
Meaning
extreme unwillingness to spend money or use resources
Example
His parsimony was evident in the way he avoided any unnecessary expenses.
他避免任何不必要的开支的方式明显体现了他的吝啬。
C1 noun /ˈpiː.hən/

Peahen

母孔雀
Meaning
female peacock
Example
The peahen is less colorful than the male peacock.
母孔雀比雄孔雀少了色彩。
B2 noun /ɡler/

Glare

愤怒的或生气的凝视；强烈和刺眼的光线
Meaning
a fierce or angry stare; a strong and dazzling light
Example
The teacher's stern glare silenced the noisy students immediately.
老师严厉的目光立刻让吵闹的学生安静下来。
B1 noun /ˈmɪk.sər/

Mixer

搅拌机
Meaning
an electric kitchen appliance used for mixing, beating, and whipping ingredients
Example
The chef used a mixer to prepare the cake batter.
厨师用搅拌机准备蛋糕面糊。
C1 noun /ˈsʌn.stroʊk/

Sunstroke

中暑
Meaning
a serious condition caused by overheating from prolonged exposure to high temperatures
Example
The worker suffered from sunstroke after working outside all day.
工人在外面工作了一整天后中暑了。
B2 noun /ˈsaɪrən/

siren

警报器
Meaning
A device that makes a loud prolonged sound as a signal or warning; in mythology, a creature that lures sailors with enchanting songs.
Example
The police car passed with its siren blaring.
警车经过时，警报器发出尖锐的声音。
B2 noun /dɪˈstɜː.bəns/

Disturbance

干扰; 打扰; 不安
Meaning
the interruption of a settled and peaceful condition; anxiety or mental uneasiness
Example
The loud music created a disturbance that bothered all the neighbors.
大声的音乐制造了一个干扰，打扰了所有邻居。
B2 noun /ˈdiːmən/

demon

恶魔
Meaning
an evil spirit or devil
Example
The story was about a demon who haunted the village.
这个故事是关于一个困扰村庄的恶魔。
C2 adjective /ˈæb.ə.rənt/

aberrant

异常
Meaning
deviating from what is normal or expected; abnormal
Example
His aberrant behavior shocked everyone at the meeting.
他的异常行为让会议上的每个人都感到震惊。
C2 noun /ˌdaɪəˈlɛktɪk/

dialectic

Meaning
A method of argument or reasoning by dialogue, especially as a means of investigating truth.
Example
The philosopher used dialectic to challenge his students' assumptions.
C1 noun lɪˈkwɪd.ə.ti

liquidity

流动性
Meaning
The availability of liquid assets to a market or company; the ability to convert assets into cash quickly.
Example
Maintaining liquidity is crucial for financial stability.
维持流动性对财务稳定至关重要。
B1 noun /stæf/

staff

员工
Meaning
a group of employees working together in an organization
Example
The staff at the hospital are very helpful.
医院的员工非常有帮助。
B2 noun, verb /ˈplɑːstər/

plaster

石膏，修补
Meaning
a soft mixture applied to walls or used to cover wounds; or to cover or coat with plaster
Example
The workers plastered the walls to make them smooth.
工人们将墙壁涂上石膏，使其平滑。
C2 adjective /ˈfʌsti/

fusty

陈腐的，霉臭的
Meaning
smelling stale, damp, or stuffy; old-fashioned
Example
The room smelled fusty after being closed for months.
房间在关了几个月后有了陈腐的味道。
C1 noun /ˈpluː.mɪdʒ/

plumage

羽毛
Meaning
the feathers covering a bird's body
Example
The peacock's plumage was vibrant and eye-catching.
孔雀的羽毛鲜艳夺目。
B1 noun /ˈnɜːrsəri/

nursery

托儿所
Meaning
a room or place where young children are cared for
Example
She works in a nursery, taking care of infants.
她在托儿所工作，照顾婴儿。
B2 noun /ˌkɔr.əˈspɑn.dəns/

Correspondence

通信；相似或等价；通过交换信件进行的沟通
Meaning
letters sent or received; similarity or equivalence; communication by exchange of letters
Example
The historical correspondence between the two famous writers was recently published.
两位著名作家之间的历史通信最近已发布。
B2 verb /rɒt/

rot

腐烂
Meaning
to decay or decompose; to become corrupt
Example
The fruit will rot if left in the sun.
水果如果暴露在阳光下会腐烂。
C1 verb /fɔːˈbɛər/

forbear

克制
Meaning
To refrain from doing something; to show patience or self-control.
Example
She forbore from commenting on his mistake.
她克制了对他错误的评论。
C2 noun /ˈkrɪptəɡræm/

cryptogram

秘密代码
Meaning
a text written in code or cipher
Example
The detective solved the cryptogram hidden in the letter.
侦探解开了信中隐藏的密码图。
C1 verb /ˈdæmpən/

dampen

使潮湿，减弱
Meaning
to make something slightly wet; to make something less strong, active, or intense
Example
The rain dampened the excitement of the outdoor concert.
雨水减弱了户外音乐会的兴奋。
C2 noun /ˈʃɛvrən/

chevron

V形符号
Meaning
A V-shaped pattern, often used in military insignia or design.
Example
The sergeant’s uniform displayed three chevrons on the sleeve.
军士的制服上显示了三条雪佛龙标记。
C1 noun /ˈɛn.kleɪv/

enclave

飞地
Meaning
a distinct area or group enclosed within a larger one
Example
The city has a small Italian enclave where traditions are preserved.
这座城市有一个小的意大利飞地，保留着传统。
C1 verb diːˈsɛn.sɪ.taɪz

desensitize

脱敏
Meaning
To make someone less sensitive or reactive to something through repeated exposure.
Example
Constant exposure to violence can desensitize people.
持续的暴力暴露可能会使人们麻木。
B1 adverb /əˈprɒk.sɪ.mət.li/

approximately

大约
Meaning
used to show that something is almost, but not completely, accurate or exact
Example
The journey takes approximately three hours.
这次旅行大约需要三小时。
C1 noun /əˈstuːt.nəs/

astuteness

机智
Meaning
The ability to accurately assess situations or people and turn this to one's advantage.
Example
His astuteness helped in negotiations.
他的机智在谈判中起到了帮助作用。
C1 adjective /ˈlɑːpˌsaɪdɪd/

lopsided

倾斜的，不平衡的
Meaning
with one side lower, larger, or different from the other; uneven or imbalanced
Example
The cake looked lopsided after being decorated in a hurry.
蛋糕看起来不平衡，因为急忙装饰。
C1 noun /slæɡ/

slag

炉渣
Meaning
Stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting process.
Example
The factory dumped the slag near the river.
工厂把炉渣倾倒在河边。
A2 adjective /ˈrɪtən/

written

书面
Meaning
expressed in writing rather than spoken; composed or recorded in written form
Example
The agreement must be in written form to be valid.
协议必须以书面形式进行，才有效。
C2 noun /mɪˈtɒnɪmi/

metonymy

借代
Meaning
A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted with another closely related word or concept.
Example
In the phrase 'the crown will decide,' 'crown' is a metonymy for monarchy.
在短语 '王冠将决定' 中，'王冠' 是君主制的借代。
B2 noun /ˈpesɪˌmɪzəm/

pessimism

悲观主义
Meaning
A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe the worst will happen.
Example
Her constant pessimism made it hard to stay optimistic.
她的悲观主义让保持乐观变得很困难。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈskruːtəbl̩/

inscrutable

幸福
Meaning
impossible to understand or interpret
Example
His inscrutable expression made it hard to know what he was thinking.
她收到奖项时无法掩饰自己的幸福。
A1 adjective /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/

excited

兴奋的
Meaning
very enthusiastic and eager about something
Example
The children were excited to open their presents.
孩子们迫不及待地打开了他们的礼物。
B1 noun /ədˈvæns/

Advance

进步; 发展; 预付款
Meaning
progress or development; movement forward; money paid before it is due
Example
Technology has made great advances in recent years.
科技在近年来取得了巨大的进步。
C1 adjective /ˈmaʊntɪnəs/

Mountainous

山区的
Meaning
having many mountains; characterized by mountains
Example
The mountainous region was difficult to travel through.
这个山区地区很难旅行。
C2 verb /rɛnd/

rend

撕裂
Meaning
to tear something apart violently or forcefully
Example
The explosion rent the air with a deafening noise.
爆炸以震耳欲聋的声音撕裂了空气。