effluent
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C1 noun ˈɛf.lu.ənt

effluent

废水或污染的液体
Meaning
Liquid waste or sewage discharged into a river or the sea.
Example
Factory effluent contaminates nearby rivers and lakes.
工厂废水污染附近的河流和湖泊。
C1 adjective /pərˈveɪsɪv/

pervasive

普遍的
Meaning
Existing in or spreading through every part of something
Example
Pervasive technology has become a fundamental part of daily life.
普遍的技术已成为日常生活的重要组成部分。
A1 adjective /eɪtθ/

eighth

第八
Meaning
coming after the seventh position in a sequence; one of eight equal parts
Example
She finished in eighth place in the race.
她在比赛中获得了第八名。
C1 noun /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃmənt/

encroachment

侵占
Meaning
the act of gradually intruding or taking over someone’s rights, land, or space
Example
The villagers protested against the encroachment on their farmland.
村民们抗议侵占他们的农田。
C1 verb /ˈsɪvɪlaɪz/

civilize

使文明
Meaning
to bring a society or group to a more developed, organized, or socially acceptable state; to educate and refine behavior
Example
Education can help civilize communities by promoting shared values and respect.
教育可以通过促进共同价值观和尊重来使社区更加文明。
C2 noun /ˌɪdiəˈsɪŋkrəsi/

idiosyncrasy

特徵
Meaning
A distinctive or peculiar characteristic, habit, or mannerism unique to an individual.
Example
One of her idiosyncrasies was humming while working.
她的一个偶发性特征是工作时哼歌。
A1 modal verb/noun /maɪt/

might

可能 / 力量
Meaning
used to express possibility; power or strength
Example
She might come to the party if she finishes work early.
如果她早早完成工作，她可能会来参加派对。
C2 adjective /ˈfɒksi/

foxy

狡猾
Meaning
Clever, cunning, or attractive.
Example
He came up with a foxy plan to win the game.
他想出了一个狡猾的计划来赢得比赛。
C2 verb /ˈmæk.ɪ.neɪt/

machinate

策划
Meaning
to engage in plots or schemes, usually for harmful or evil purposes
Example
The rebels tried to machinate against the king.
叛乱者试图反对国王密谋。
B1 noun /plʌm/

Plum

李子
Meaning
a small round fruit with smooth red or purple skin, sweet flesh, and a single large seed
Example
The purple plum was juicy and delicious.
紫色的李子又多汁又美味。
B2 noun /skɛtʃ/

sketch

素描
Meaning
a simple, rough drawing or outline
Example
He made a quick sketch of the landscape.
他画了一个快速的风景素描。
C2 adjective /əˈɡɒɡ/

agog

Meaning
Highly excited by eagerness, curiosity, or anticipation.
Example
The children were agog with excitement as they waited for the magician to appear.
C2 noun /nɛl/

knell

丧钟
Meaning
The sound of a bell, especially when rung solemnly for a death or funeral; a signal of the end or failure of something.
Example
The knell of the church bell echoed through the valley at dusk.
教堂的丧钟在黄昏时分回荡在山谷中。
C1 adjective /ˌeɪˈtɪpɪkəl/

atypical

非典型
Meaning
not representative of a type, group, or class; unusual or abnormal
Example
The doctor said it was an atypical case of the disease.
医生说这是一个非典型的病例。
B1 adverb /ˈmiːn.waɪl/

Meanwhile

与此同时
Meaning
at the same time; during the same period
Example
She was cooking dinner, meanwhile he was setting the table.
她在做晚餐，与此同时，他在摆桌子。
B1 adjective, adverb /ˈoʊvərɔːl/

overall

总体上
Meaning
in general or as a whole
Example
Overall, the project has been successful.
总体上，项目已成功。
C2 noun /ˌdɪsæprəˈbeɪʃən/

disapprobation

强烈反对
Meaning
strong disapproval, typically on moral grounds
Example
The policy was met with widespread disapprobation.
该政策遭遇了广泛的反对。
C2 adjective /kəˈrʌp.tə.bəl/

corruptible

易腐败的
Meaning
able to be morally or ethically corrupted
Example
He was known to be corruptible and often accepted bribes.
他以易腐败的著称，经常接受贿赂。
B2 adjective /əˈdʒʌstəbəl/

Adjustable

可调节的; 可修改的; 可调整的;
Meaning
নিয়মযোগ্য; পরিবর্তন-সাধ্য; সমন্বয়যোগ্য;
Example
This chair has an adjustable height feature.
这把椅子有可调节的高度。
B1 adjective /ˈæk.jə.rət/

Accurate

准确; 正确;
Meaning
correct, exact, and without any mistakes
Example
The weather forecast was completely accurate.
天气预报完全准确。
C2 adverb /ˌðeərˈwɪð/

Therewith

与此一起;
Meaning
together with that; in addition to that
Example
He handed me the contract and the pen therewith.
他把合同和笔与此一起交给了我。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈruːli/

Unruly

不守规矩的; 乱七八糟的;
Meaning
difficult to control or manage; disorderly and disruptive
Example
The unruly crowd refused to follow the safety instructions.
那群无法控制的人群拒绝遵循安全指令。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛn.sər.i/

sensory

感官的
Meaning
Related to the five human senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell).
Example
Sensory feedback enhances the VR experience.
感官反馈增强了虚拟现实体验。
A2 noun /ˈjuːnɪt/

unit

单元
Meaning
an individual thing or person regarded as a single and complete entity
Example
Each unit in the production line is carefully tested.
生产线上的每个单元都经过仔细测试。
B2 verb /ˈstʌmbəl/

stumble

绊倒
Meaning
to trip or lose balance while walking or running; to make a mistake or falter
Example
He stumbled on the uneven pavement.
他在人行道上绊倒了。
C1 noun ˈæf.lu.əns

affluence

富裕
Meaning
The state of having a great deal of money; wealth.
Example
His affluence allowed him to travel the world.
他的财富使他能够环游世界。
C2 verb /priːˈdɛstɪn/

predestine

预定
Meaning
to determine or decide something in advance, often regarded as being fixed by fate or divine will
Example
They believed their paths were predestined by fate.
他们相信他们的道路是命运注定的。
B2 adjective /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/

infinite

无限
Meaning
limitless or endless in space, extent, or number
Example
The universe is often described as infinite.
宇宙常被描述为无限的。
C1 noun /sɪˈsɛʃən/

secession

分裂
Meaning
The action of formally withdrawing from membership of a federation or body.
Example
The secession of the southern states led to the Civil War.
南方各州的分裂导致了内战。
C1 noun (plural) /ˈhɪntərlændz/

hinterlands

偏远地区
Meaning
Plural of hinterland; remote or less developed regions.
Example
Explorers traveled deep into the hinterlands of the country.
探险者深入到该国的偏远地区。
C1 verb /ˈpɛtrɪfaɪ/

petrify

石化
Meaning
to make someone so frightened that they are unable to move or think; to turn into stone
Example
The loud noise petrified the little child.
大声的噪音让孩子石化了。
C2 noun /ˌbrɪɡ.əˈdɪər/

brigadier

布里加迪尔
Meaning
A military officer rank, usually commanding a brigade.
Example
The brigadier inspected the troops before the parade.
布里加迪尔在游行前检查了部队。
B1 verb /əˈʃʊr/

assure

保证
Meaning
to make someone feel certain or confident about something
Example
He assured her that everything would be fine.
他向她保证一切都会好。
B2 adjective /ˈtɔː.kə.tɪv/

Talkative

健谈的
Meaning
fond of talking; speaking freely and at length
Example
My talkative neighbor loves to chat about everything.
我健谈的邻居喜欢谈论一切。
C1 noun /səˈlɪn.ə.t̬i/

salinity

盐度, 盐浓度
Meaning
The salt content of soil or water, typically measured as a concentration.
Example
The salinity of the ocean varies depending on depth and location.
海洋的盐度会根据深度和位置变化。
B1 noun ˈem.fə.sɪs

emphasis

重音
Meaning
Special importance, value, or prominence given to something; stress laid on a particular point or aspect.
Example
The speaker placed emphasis on sustainable development.
演讲者强调了可持续发展。
C2 verb /ˈræpsəˌdaɪz/

rhapsodize

热情洋溢地谈论
Meaning
to speak or write with great enthusiasm and admiration
Example
He would often rhapsodize about his travels to Europe.
他常常带着极大的热情谈论他的欧洲旅行。
C2 noun /ˌsɒ̃ˈfrwɑː/

sangfroid

冷静
Meaning
Composure or coolness under pressure.
Example
She impressed everyone with her sangfroid during the interview.
她在面试中以冷静给大家留下了深刻印象。
C1 noun ˌsteɪbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən

stabilization

稳定化
Meaning
The process of making or becoming stable.
Example
The stabilization of the structure was essential after the earthquake.
地震后，结构的稳定化至关重要。
A2 noun /rɪˈfrɪdʒ.ər.eɪ.tər/

Refrigerator

冰箱
Meaning
an appliance for keeping food and drinks cold
Example
Please put the milk in the refrigerator to keep it fresh.
请把牛奶放进冰箱里保持新鲜。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈklɛmɛnt/

inclement

恶劣天气
Meaning
unpleasantly cold, wet, or stormy (usually weather)
Example
The match was canceled due to inclement weather.
比赛因恶劣天气被取消了。
C2 noun /ˌɪnkrɪˈdjuːləti/

incredulity

怀疑
Meaning
the state of being unwilling or unable to believe something
Example
She looked at him with incredulity after hearing the strange story.
在听到那个奇怪的故事后，她带着怀疑看着他。
B2 adjective /ʌnˈprɒf.ɪ.tə.bl̩/

Unprofitable

无利可图
Meaning
not yielding profit or gain; not producing financial benefit
Example
The unprofitable business was forced to close down after three years.
这个无利可图的生意在三年后被迫关闭。
B1 noun ˈsɛʃənz

sessions

会议, 会议期, 时段
Meaning
A meeting of an official body, especially a court of law, to conduct its business; a period devoted to a particular activity.
Example
The sessions lasted for three hours.
会议持续了三个小时。
C1 noun /toʊm/

tome

厚书
Meaning
a large, heavy book, often scholarly or serious in nature
Example
She spent the afternoon reading an old tome on medieval history.
她花了整个下午阅读一本关于中世纪历史的厚书。
C2 verb /ˈlɔɪtər/

loiter

Meaning
To stand or wait around idly without apparent purpose.
Example
The teenagers were told not to loiter outside the shop.
B2 noun /kəmˈpoʊnənt/

component

组件
Meaning
a part or element of a larger whole, especially a machine or system
Example
The engine is the most important component of the car.
引擎是汽车最重要的组件。
A2 adjective /kənˈsɜːnd/

concerned

担忧的
Meaning
worried or anxious about something; involved or interested in something
Example
She was concerned about her mother's health.
她对母亲的健康感到担忧。
C2 noun, verb /ˈtræməl/

trammel

限制
Meaning
A restriction or impediment to freedom of action; to restrict.
Example
The strict rules trammel the creativity of the students.
严格的规则限制了学生的创造力。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈduː/

Undue

过度的; 不适当的; 超过必要或适当的
Meaning
excessive; inappropriate; more than is necessary or proper
Example
The teacher complained about undue pressure from parents.
老师抱怨家长施加的过度压力。
B2 noun /səˈplaɪə(r)/

supplier

供应商
Meaning
a person or company that provides goods or services
Example
The supplier delivered the products on time.
供应商按时交付了产品。
B1 adjective /ˌdɪs.əˈpɔɪn.tɪd/

Disappointed

失望
Meaning
sad because something has not happened or is not as good as expected
Example
She was disappointed with her exam results.
她对自己的考试结果感到失望。
C1 verb /dɛlv/

delve

Meaning
To investigate deeply; to dig into a subject or area.
Example
The researcher delved into ancient manuscripts to find clues.
C1 noun /ˈtæntrəm/

tantrum

发脾气
Meaning
An uncontrolled outburst of anger and frustration, typically in a young child.
Example
The child threw a tantrum when he didn’t get the toy.
孩子因为没有得到玩具而发脾气。
B2 adjective /ˌfæʃ.ənd/

Outdated

过时
Meaning
obsolete; no longer current
Example
This computer software is completely outdated.
这个软件完全过时了。
C2 /laɪð/

lithe

灵活且优雅
Meaning
thin, supple, and graceful in movement
Example
The lithe dancer captivated the audience with her graceful spins.
灵活的舞者用她优雅的旋转迷住了观众。
B1 verb /ɪkˈspɔːrt/

export

出口
Meaning
to send goods or services to another country for sale
Example
The company exports cars to many countries.
公司将汽车出口到许多国家。
C2 noun /dɪsˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

disjunction

分裂
Meaning
A lack of connection between things; separation or disunity.
Example
There is a clear disjunction between theory and practice.
理论与实践之间存在明显的分裂。
C2 adjective /ʌnˈtʃeɪst/

Unchaste

不道德的; 不纯洁的;
Meaning
not celibate; having engaged in sexual relations; lacking moral purity
Example
The conservative society considered her behavior unchaste and improper.
保守的社会认为她的行为不道德和不合适。
B2 verb /ˈrɛnəˌveɪt/

renovate

翻新
Meaning
to restore something old to a good state or to improve it
Example
They decided to renovate the old house before moving in.
他们决定在搬进之前修复旧房子。
A2 noun /ˈplænɪt/

Planet

行星
Meaning
a celestial body moving in an elliptical orbit around a star
Example
Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.
火星是离太阳第四颗行星。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈkʌltʃəd/

Uncultured

不文明的; 无文化的
Meaning
lacking good manners, refinement, or education; uncivilized
Example
His uncultured behavior embarrassed everyone at the dinner party.
他在晚宴上的不文明行为让所有人感到尴尬。
A2 verb /prəˈvaɪd/

provide

提供
Meaning
to give or supply something that is needed or wanted
Example
The teacher will provide extra materials for the students.
老师将为学生提供额外的材料。
C1 noun /tækt/

tact

机智
Meaning
Adroitness and sensitivity in dealing with others or with difficult issues.
Example
He handled the situation with tact and professionalism.
他以机智和专业精神处理了这个情况。
C2 verb /ˌækwiˈɛs/

acquiesce

默许
Meaning
to accept something reluctantly but without protest
Example
She decided to acquiesce to her parents’ wishes.
她决定默许父母的愿望。
B1 verb /ˈɒpəreɪtɪŋ/

operating

操作
Meaning
to control or manage the functioning of something
Example
The company has been operating in this market for five years.
公司已经在这个市场运营了五年。
B1 adverb /ˈsædli/

sadly

悲伤地
Meaning
in a sorrowful or unhappy manner
Example
She sadly waved goodbye as the train departed.
火车开走时，她悲伤地挥手告别。
C2 noun /ˈæpəfθɛm/

apophthegm

简短、机智且富有教育意义的谚语或格言
Meaning
A short, pithy, and instructive saying or maxim.
Example
She always had a witty apophthegm to share at meetings.
她总是有一个机智的阿波夫塞姆，在会议上分享。
B2 adjective /ɪnˈtriːɡɪŋ/

intriguing

非常有趣和不寻常；激发好奇心
Meaning
very interesting and unusual; arousing curiosity
Example
The movie has an intriguing plot that keeps the audience hooked.
这部电影有一个引人入胜的情节，吸引着观众。
B2 adjective /ˈtraɪbəl/

tribal

部落的
Meaning
relating to a tribe or tribes, especially indigenous people
Example
The tribal community has preserved its culture for centuries.
部落社区已经保存了他们的文化几个世纪。
A1 adjective /ˈæŋ.ɡri/

Angry

生气的; 愤怒的;
Meaning
feeling or showing strong displeasure; furious; irritated
Example
She was angry because someone had broken her favorite vase.
她生气了，因为有人打破了她最喜欢的花瓶。
B2 adjective /ˈlɪb.ər.əl/

Liberal

自由的; 宽容的; 慷慨的; 思维进步的
Meaning
open-minded; tolerant; generous; progressive in thinking
Example
She has a liberal attitude towards different cultures and beliefs.
她对不同文化和信仰持有自由的态度。
C2 noun /ˌækwəˈpɒnɪks/

aquaponics

水培水产
Meaning
A system of aquaculture in which the waste produced by farmed fish or other aquatic animals supplies nutrients for plants grown hydroponically.
Example
Aquaponics efficiently utilizes water by integrating fish and plant farming.
水培水产通过将鱼类和植物养殖结合有效利用水资源。
B2 verb /fliː/

flee

逃跑
Meaning
To run away from danger or a threatening situation.
Example
The villagers had to flee during the flood.
村民们在洪水期间不得不逃离。
B2 verb /klæʃ/

clash

碰撞
Meaning
to come into conflict or collision with something or someone.
Example
The two cars clashed in the intersection.
两辆车在交叉路口发生了碰撞。
A1 verb /wɔːk/

walk

走
Meaning
to move forward by putting one foot in front of the other
Example
I walk to school every morning.
我每天早晨步行去学校。
B2 verb /plʌndʒ/

plunge

迅速跳入或潜水；突然下降
Meaning
to jump or dive quickly; to fall sharply
Example
She plunged into the swimming pool.
她跳进了游泳池。
C1 adjective /ˈhæk.nid/

hackneyed

陈词滥调
Meaning
Used too often and therefore lacking originality or freshness.
Example
The speech was filled with hackneyed phrases that failed to inspire the audience.
演讲中充满了陈词滥调，未能激励听众。
C2 verb /ˈbɪloʊ/

billow

像波浪一样膨胀
Meaning
To swell or rise in large waves or surges; to flow outward in a rolling motion.
Example
Smoke billowed from the burning building.
烟雾像波浪一样从燃烧的建筑中升腾而起。
B1 verb /haɪər/

hire

雇用
Meaning
to employ someone for wages; to rent or engage services
Example
The company will hire new employees next month.
公司将在下个月雇用新员工。
C1 noun ˌpraɪ.vɪ.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

privatization

私有化
Meaning
The transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.
Example
The privatization of state-owned companies increased efficiency.
国有企业的私有化提高了效率。
A2 noun /kənˈtrəʊl/

control

控制
Meaning
The power to influence or direct people's behavior or the course of events.
Example
Proper control measures are necessary.
需要适当的控制措施。
B2 noun ˈnætʃərəl ˈhæbɪtæt

Natural Habitat

自然栖息地
Meaning
The natural environment where organisms live and fulfill their life needs.
Example
Protecting the natural habitat is crucial for butterflies.
保护自然栖息地对蝴蝶至关重要。
B2 noun səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

sustainability

可持续性
Meaning
The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level; the avoidance of the depletion of natural resources in order to maintain ecological balance.
Example
Sustainability ensures long-term environmental health.
可持续性确保长期环境健康。
C1 adjective /mjuːˈnɪsɪpəl/

municipal

市政的
Meaning
relating to a city or town or its local government
Example
The municipal authority is responsible for maintaining the park.
市政当局负责维护公园。
C1 verb /ˈsmʌðər/

smother

窒息 / 扑灭
Meaning
to kill someone by covering their nose and mouth to prevent breathing; to cover something completely; to overwhelm with excessive attention or affection
Example
She smothered the fire with a blanket.
她用毯子把火扑灭了。
C1 verb /kəˈpɪtjʊˌleɪt/

capitulate

投降
Meaning
to surrender or give in after resisting
Example
The army had no choice but to capitulate to the enemy.
军队别无选择，只能投降于敌人。
C2 noun /ˈvaɪnəri/

vinery

葡萄园
Meaning
A place where vines are cultivated, especially a vineyard or greenhouse for vines.
Example
The old vinery was filled with grapevines.
旧的葡萄园里满是葡萄藤。
B2 noun/adjective /rɪˈpʌblɪkən/

republican

共和党人
Meaning
a member or supporter of a republican political party or system
Example
The republican candidate won the election.
共和党候选人赢得了选举。
C1 noun /rɪˈsaɪtl/

recital

独奏会
Meaning
A performance of music, dance, or poetry, usually by a soloist.
Example
She gave a piano recital at the concert hall.
她在音乐会中举办了钢琴独奏会。
C1 noun /hɪˈstɪəriə/

hysteria

Meaning
An uncontrollable outburst of emotion or fear, often characterized by irrational behavior.
Example
The crowd was in a state of hysteria during the concert.
B1 verb /ter/

tear

撕裂
Meaning
to pull apart or damage by force; to rip
Example
Be careful not to tear the paper.
小心不要撕破纸张。
C2 adjective /ˈbɔːdi/

bawdy

猥亵
Meaning
humorously indecent or obscene, often in a sexual way
Example
The comedian’s bawdy jokes made the audience laugh and blush.
喜剧演员的猥亵笑话让观众笑了并且脸红。
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəbˈtruːsɪv/

unobtrusive

不引人注目
Meaning
not attracting attention; blending in without causing notice
Example
The security cameras are designed to be unobtrusive.
安全摄像头被设计成不引人注目。
C2 adjective /ˈʃɪft.ləs/

shiftless

懒惰
Meaning
Lacking ambition or the ability to accomplish anything; lazy and unmotivated.
Example
He was seen as a shiftless young man with no goals.
他被看作是一个没有目标的懒惰年轻人。
C1 noun /ˈsɛdətɪv/

sedative

镇静剂
Meaning
A substance that calms the nerves or induces sleep.
Example
The doctor prescribed a sedative to help the patient sleep.
医生开了镇静剂来帮助病人入睡。
A2 conjunction /nɔːr/

nor

也不
Meaning
used to introduce a negative clause after a negative statement
Example
He didn't call, nor did he send a message.
他没有打电话，也没有发送消息。
C1 adjective /ˈflɪmzi/

flimsy

脆弱的
Meaning
weak, fragile, or lacking in strength; not convincing
Example
The chair was too flimsy to support his weight.
这把椅子太脆弱了，无法支撑他的重量。
C1 adjective /dɪsˈkɔːrdənt/

discordant

不和谐
Meaning
disagreeing or clashing; harsh and jarring in sound
Example
The discordant notes of the band hurt our ears.
乐队的不和谐音符让我们的耳朵很痛。
C2 noun /dɪnt/

dint

努力，撞击痕迹
Meaning
an impression or hollow made by a blow; force or power
Example
By dint of hard work, he achieved success.
通过努力工作，他取得了成功。
C2 adjective /ˈpɜːrviəs/

pervious

透水的
Meaning
Allowing water, air, or other substances to pass through; permeable.
Example
The soil here is pervious to rainwater.
这里的土壤允许雨水通过。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈtʌtʃəbəl/

Untouchable

不可触碰的; 无法批评或攻击
Meaning
not able to be touched or affected; beyond criticism or attack
Example
The CEO seemed untouchable despite the scandal.
即使有丑闻，首席执行官似乎仍然是不可触碰的。
C1 noun /bəˈrɒmɪtər/

barometer

气压计
Meaning
an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure
Example
The barometer indicated a storm was approaching.
气压计显示暴风雨即将来临。
C2 noun /ˈkɔːldrən/

caldron

大铁锅
Meaning
A large metal pot used for boiling liquids or cooking over an open fire.
Example
The witch stirred her potion in a bubbling caldron.
女巫在一个冒泡的锅里搅拌她的药水。
C1 verb /kwentʃ/

quench

解渴
Meaning
to satisfy thirst by drinking; to extinguish fire
Example
He drank water to quench his thirst after the long run.
他跑完步后喝水解渴。
B2 noun /ˈblɒkˌtʃeɪn/

blockchain

区块链
Meaning
A system of recording information in a way that makes it difficult or impossible to change, hack, or cheat the system
Example
Blockchain technology ensures transparency in financial transactions.
区块链技术确保金融交易的透明度。
C1 noun /dɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

denunciation

指控 / 公共谴责
Meaning
the public condemnation or accusation of someone or something
Example
The journalist's article was a strong denunciation of corruption.
记者的文章是对腐败的强烈指控。
C1 noun /ˈhɑː.stɪdʒ/

Hostage

人质
Meaning
a person seized or held as security for the fulfillment of a condition; captive
Example
The police negotiated carefully to secure the release of all hostages unharmed.
警方小心谈判，确保所有人质无伤释放。
C2 noun /ˈkæt.aɪ.ɒn ɪksˌtʃeɪndʒ/

cation-exchange

阳离子交换
Meaning
A chemical process in soil that helps retain nutrients.
Example
The cation-exchange capacity of soil affects plant growth.
土壤的阳离子交换容量会影响植物的生长。
B2 adjective ɪkˈsɛsɪv

excessive

过度的
Meaning
More than is necessary, normal, or desirable; immoderate.
Example
Excessive population growth leads to resource depletion.
过度的人口增长导致资源枯竭。
C2 adjective /ˈæpəˌleɪt/

appellate

与上诉有关
Meaning
relating to appeals in a court of law
Example
The case was taken to an appellate court.
案件被提交给了上诉法院。
C2 noun /ɪˈrʌp.ʃən/

Irruption

突然的暴力入侵; 入侵或突袭; 突如其来的爆发或喷发
Meaning
a sudden violent entry; an invasion or raid; a sudden outburst or eruption
Example
The army's irruption into enemy territory caught the opposing forces completely off guard.
军队的突然闯入敌方领土使对方力量完全措手不及。
A2 noun /ˈdaɪnɪŋ/

dining

用餐
Meaning
the act of eating a meal, especially in a formal setting
Example
We enjoyed fine dining at the new restaurant.
我们在新餐厅享受了美味的用餐。
C1 verb /ˌdɪsˈmaʊnt/

dismount

下马
Meaning
to get off or down from something, especially a horse, bicycle, or motorcycle
Example
The rider dismounted from the horse after a long journey.
骑手在长途旅行后下马。
C1 noun /ˈbʊzəm/

bosom

胸部
Meaning
the human chest, especially a woman’s breast; also used metaphorically to refer to closeness or intimacy
Example
She kept the secret close to her bosom.
她把秘密藏在胸口。
C2 noun /nɑːrˈsɪsəs/

narcissus

水仙花
Meaning
A type of flowering plant with yellow or white blooms, often associated with self-love from Greek mythology.
Example
A narcissus bloomed in the garden during spring.
春天时，一朵水仙花在花园里盛开。
C2 noun /ɒmˈnɪpətəns/

omnipotence

全能
Meaning
The quality of having unlimited power or authority.
Example
Many religions describe God’s omnipotence as absolute.
许多宗教将上帝的全能描述为绝对的。
A2 noun /soʊp/

Soap

肥皂
Meaning
a cleaning agent made from fats or oils and used for washing
Example
Please wash your hands with soap and water.
请用肥皂和水洗手。
C2 noun /ˌɪn.strəˈmɛn.təl.ɪst/

instrumentalist

乐器演奏者
Meaning
A person who plays a musical instrument.
Example
The instrumentalist played a beautiful solo on the violin.
乐器演奏者在小提琴上演奏了一首美丽的独奏曲。
C1 verb /dɪˈmiːn/

demean

贬低
Meaning
to cause someone to lose dignity or respect
Example
The manager demeaned his employees with rude remarks.
经理用粗鲁的言辞贬低了他的员工。
B2 noun /kənˈvɛn.ʃən.əl ˈfɑːr.mɪŋ/

conventional farming

传统农业
Meaning
Traditional farming method using synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and modern technology.
Example
Conventional farming increases crop production using fertilizers.
传统农业通过使用肥料增加作物生产。