camping
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A2 noun ˈkæm.pɪŋ

camping

露营
Meaning
Living outdoors temporarily, especially for recreation; staying in a tent or similar shelter.
Example
Many families go camping during holidays.
许多家庭在假期去露营。
A2 noun ˈkɜːrɪdʒ

courage

勇气
Meaning
The ability to do something that frightens one; bravery.
Example
Courage is essential in the face of challenges.
面对挑战时勇气至关重要。
B2 adjective ˌkɑː.bən ˈnjuː.trəl

carbon-neutral

碳中和
Meaning
Having a balance between emitting carbon and absorbing carbon from the atmosphere; not adding to overall carbon emissions.
Example
The company aims to be carbon-neutral by 2030.
该公司计划在2030年实现碳中和。
B1 noun kəˈmɪt.mənt

commitment

承诺
Meaning
A promise or firm decision to do something; the state or quality of being dedicated to a cause or activity.
Example
The president reaffirmed his commitment to environmental protection.
总统重申了他对环境保护的承诺。
C2 adjective /sɛnˈsɔːriəs/

censorious

过分挑剔
Meaning
severely critical of others
Example
She was always censorious about her colleagues' mistakes.
她总是对同事们的错误非常挑剔。
C1 verb /ˈkrɪsən/

christen

命名
Meaning
to give a name to someone at baptism or to name something officially
Example
They christened the ship after the queen.
他们为船命名，以女王的名字。
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrtɪlɪdʒ/

cartilage

软骨
Meaning
A firm, flexible connective tissue found in various parts of the body such as joints, ear, and nose.
Example
The doctor explained that the injury damaged the cartilage in his knee.
医生解释说，伤害损坏了他膝盖的软骨。
B2 noun kənˈsen.səs

consensus

共识
Meaning
A general agreement among all members of a group.
Example
Consensus was reached after long deliberation.
经过长时间的讨论，达成了共识。
C2 adjective /sɛnˈtrɪpɪtəl/

centripetal

向心的
Meaning
Moving or directed toward a center.
Example
Centripetal force keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.
向心力使行星保持在围绕太阳的轨道上。
B2 noun /kənˈkʌʃən/

concussion

脑震荡
Meaning
A temporary unconsciousness or shock caused by a blow to the head.
Example
He suffered a concussion after falling from the bike.
他在从自行车上摔下来后，遭受了脑震荡。
C1 noun /ˌkɒn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/

constellation

星座
Meaning
a group of stars forming a recognizable pattern in the night sky
Example
Orion is one of the most famous constellations.
猎户座是最著名的星座之一。
B2 noun /kəˈlɛktər/

collector

Meaning
a person who collects things as a hobby or job
Example
He is a stamp collector with thousands of rare items.
B1 noun /ˈtʃɛərmən/

chairman

幸福
Meaning
the leader or head of a meeting, committee, or organization
Example
The chairman opened the meeting with a short speech.
当她获得奖项时，她无法隐藏自己的幸福。
C2 noun /ˈtʃæt.əl/

chattel

动产 / 个人财产
Meaning
a personal possession; historically, movable property including slaves
Example
In the past, slaves were considered the chattel of their owners.
在过去，奴隶被视为他们主人的动产。
C1 noun /kənˈtɛnʃən/

contention

争议, 分歧
Meaning
heated disagreement or argument; a point asserted in debate
Example
The main contention between the two parties was over tax reform.
两党之间的主要争议是关于税务改革。
C2 noun /kəmˈpleɪsəns/

complaisance

讨好
Meaning
willingness to please others; courteous compliance
Example
Her complaisance made her popular among her colleagues.
她的讨好让她在同事中变得很受欢迎。
C2 noun /ˌkɒməˈsɛəriət/

commissariat

供应部门
Meaning
A department responsible for supplying food and equipment, especially in the military.
Example
The army commissariat ensured that the soldiers had enough supplies.
军队供应部门确保士兵们有足够的物资。
B2 noun /ˌkɒmplɪˈkeɪʃən/

complication

并发症
Meaning
A problem or difficulty that makes a situation harder to deal with.
Example
His illness led to serious complications after surgery.
他的病情在手术后导致了严重的并发症。
C1 verb /ˈkaʊər/

cower

因恐惧而蹲下
Meaning
to crouch down in fear
Example
The child cowered behind the sofa during the thunderstorm.
孩子在雷暴中躲在沙发后面。
B1 verb /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/

criticize

批评
Meaning
to express disapproval or find fault with someone or something
Example
The teacher criticized the student's poor handwriting.
老师批评了学生的糟糕字迹。
C2 noun /ˈʃɛvrən/

chevron

V形符号
Meaning
A V-shaped pattern, often used in military insignia or design.
Example
The sergeant’s uniform displayed three chevrons on the sleeve.
军士的制服上显示了三条雪佛龙标记。
B2 noun /ˈkreɪ.dəl/

Cradle

摇篮
Meaning
a small bed for a baby, especially one that rocks from side to side
Example
The baby sleeps peacefully in the cradle.
婴儿在摇篮里安静地睡觉。
B2 noun /ˈkɑr.ɡoʊ ʃɪp/

Cargo ship

货船
Meaning
a ship or vessel that carries goods and materials from one port to another
Example
The cargo ship transported containers filled with electronics across the ocean.
货船将满载电子产品的集装箱穿越海洋。
C2 adjective /ˌkɒnsæŋˈɡwɪniəs/

consanguineous

同血缘的
Meaning
Related by blood; descended from the same ancestor.
Example
The study focused on genetic disorders in consanguineous families.
研究集中于同血缘家庭中的遗传疾病。
C1 noun ˌkæl.ɪˈbreɪ.ʃən

calibration

校准
Meaning
The action or process of adjusting or determining the accuracy of measuring instruments.
Example
The accuracy of a scale depends on regular calibration.
秤的准确性取决于定期校准。
A2 noun /ˌsɛlɪˈbreɪʃən/

celebration

庆典
Meaning
a festive event or activity to honor an occasion
Example
The city held a grand celebration on Independence Day.
城市在独立日举行了盛大的庆典。
B1 adverb /ˈkloʊsli/

closely

幸福
Meaning
in a way that is very near in space, time, or relationship; carefully and attentively
Example
The detective examined the evidence closely.
当她获得奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
B1 verb /kəmˈpiːt/

compete

竞争
Meaning
to try to win or be more successful than others in a contest or activity
Example
Several companies compete for dominance in the market.
多家公司为市场主导地位而竞赛。
B2 verb /kənˈstreɪn/

constrain

限制
Meaning
to limit or restrict someone or something; to force or compel
Example
The new regulations constrain businesses from polluting the environment.
新规定限制企业不允许污染环境。
B2 noun /ˈkæʒ.u.əl.ti/

Casualty

伤亡; 受害者; 损失
Meaning
a person killed or injured in a war or accident; a victim of circumstances
Example
The hospital treated many casualties from the car accident.
医院治疗了许多来自车祸的伤者。
C1 noun /kɔːr/

corps

军队分支，团队
Meaning
a branch of the military or a group organized for a specific purpose
Example
He joined the army corps after graduation.
他在毕业后加入了军队分支。
B1 verb /kəmˈbaɪn/

combine

合并
Meaning
To bring two or more things together to form a single unit.
Example
They decided to combine their resources for the project.
他们决定将他们的资源合并到该项目中。
B1 adjective /ˈkəʊstəl/

coastal

沿海
Meaning
relating to or near a coast or shoreline
Example
They built a resort in a coastal area.
他们在沿海地区建造了一个度假村。
C1 adjective /ˌkævəˈlɪər/

cavalier

漫不经心
Meaning
showing a lack of proper concern; dismissive or offhand
Example
He had a cavalier attitude toward safety regulations.
他对安全规定有一种漫不经心的态度。
B1 adverb /ˈkɑːm.li/

Calmly

平静地
Meaning
in a peaceful way without showing strong emotions; quietly and without excitement
Example
She spoke calmly despite being angry.
她在生气的情况下冷静地说话。
A2 noun /kənˌɡrætʃ.əˈleɪ.ʃənz/

Congratulations

祝贺
Meaning
words expressing praise for an achievement or good wishes on a special occasion
Example
Congratulations on your promotion! You really deserved this success.
恭喜晋升！你真的值得这次成功。
B2 adverb /ˈklɒkwaɪz/

Clockwise

顺时针
Meaning
in the direction that clock hands move; in a circular direction from left to right
Example
Turn the valve clockwise to tighten it.
顺时针旋转阀门以拧紧它。
C2 verb /koʊˈæɡjəˌleɪt/

coagulate

凝结
Meaning
to cause a liquid, especially blood, to change into a solid or semi-solid state
Example
The blood quickly coagulated after the cut.
伤口后血液迅速凝结。
C1 noun /ˈkʌˈs.tə.di/

Custody

监护; 拘留; 保护
Meaning
the protective care or guardianship of someone or something; imprisonment or detention
Example
After the divorce, they shared custody of their children equally.
离婚后，他们平等地分享了孩子的监护权。
B2 verb /ˈkɒmprəmaɪz/

compromise

妥协
Meaning
To expose or make vulnerable to danger, suspicion, or disrepute.
Example
Excessive sharing can compromise your privacy.
过度分享可能会危害你的隐私。
C1 noun kəˈmɛns.mənt

commencement

开始
Meaning
The beginning of something; a ceremony at which degrees or diplomas are conferred on graduating students.
Example
The commencement ceremony marked the start of a new journey.
开始仪式标志着新旅程的开始。
C1 noun /kənˈkʌrəns/

concurrence

一致
Meaning
Agreement or union in action, opinion, or occurrence; simultaneous happening of events.
Example
The project was completed with the concurrence of all departments.
这个项目是在所有部门的共识下完成的。
C1 noun /ˈkɒmən kɑːp/

Common Carp

鲤鱼
Meaning
A large freshwater fish widely cultivated for food
Example
Common carp is an important fish in aquaculture.
鲤鱼是水产养殖中的重要鱼类。
A2 verb /kənˈsɪdər/

consider

考虑
Meaning
to think carefully about something, especially before making a decision
Example
She is considering studying abroad next year.
她正在考虑明年出国留学。
C2 verb /koʊˈhɪr/

cohere

结合
Meaning
To stick together; to be united logically or physically.
Example
The ideas in his essay cohere well.
他文章中的观点很好地结合在一起。
C1 noun /ˈʃoʊ.vəˌnɪz.əm/

chauvinism

Meaning
Excessive or prejudiced support for one's own cause, group, or gender, often with contempt for others.
Example
The company's culture was criticized for promoting male chauvinism.
C1 noun /kəʊˈhiːʒən/

cohesion

凝聚力
Meaning
The action or fact of forming a united whole.
Example
The team showed excellent cohesion throughout the project.
团队在整个项目中展现出了卓越的凝聚力。
C2 noun /ˈsɪniæst/

cineast

电影迷
Meaning
A film enthusiast or filmmaker; a person deeply interested in cinema.
Example
As a true cineast, she spends most weekends watching classic films.
作为一位真正的电影迷，她大多数周末都在看经典电影。
A2 adverb /ˈsɜː.tən.li/

Certainly

肯定
Meaning
without doubt; definitely; used to agree or give permission
Example
I will certainly help you with this project.
我一定会帮助你完成这个项目。
C1 noun /ˌkɒn.əˈsɜːr/

connoisseur

行家
Meaning
an expert judge in matters of taste, especially in food, art, or wine
Example
She is a true connoisseur of fine art.
她是美术的真正行家。
B2 noun /ˌkɑn.trəˈdɪk.ʃən/

Contradiction

矛盾; 不一致
Meaning
a combination of statements, ideas, or features which are opposed to one another; inconsistency
Example
There was a clear contradiction between his words and his actions.
他的言辞与行动之间存在明显的矛盾。
C2 verb /ˈkɒsɪt/

cosset

宠爱
Meaning
to care for and protect in an overindulgent way
Example
The little girl was cosseted by her grandparents.
小女孩被她的祖父母宠爱着。
B2 adjective /ˈkɒnʃəs/

conscious

清醒
Meaning
Aware of and responding to one's surroundings; awake.
Example
She was fully conscious after the surgery.
她在手术后完全清醒。
B2 adjective kənˈsaɪs

concise

简洁
Meaning
Brief and clearly expressed without unnecessary details.
Example
A concise speech is more impactful than a long one.
简洁的演讲比冗长的演讲更有影响力。
C1 verb koʊˈɜrs

coerce

强迫
Meaning
To force someone to do something against their will using threats or intimidation.
Example
The manager tried to coerce the employees into working overtime.
经理试图迫使员工加班。
A2 noun /ˈkænsər/

cancer

癌症
Meaning
A disease in which abnormal cells divide uncontrollably and destroy body tissue.
Example
Smoking is a leading cause of lung cancer.
吸烟是导致肺癌的主要原因。
C2 noun /ˈkɒnsəvəˌtwɑː/

conservatoire

音乐学院
Meaning
A school specializing in the study of music or drama.
Example
She trained as a pianist at the Paris Conservatoire.
她在巴黎音乐学院接受了钢琴训练。
C2 noun /ˈkoʊdə/

coda

尾声
Meaning
the concluding passage of a piece of music or a literary work
Example
The novel ends with a reflective coda that ties up the themes.
这部小说以一段反思性的尾声结束，将主题联系起来。
C2 adjective /ˈkʌsɪd/

cussed

倔强
Meaning
Annoyingly stubborn or difficult.
Example
He was too cussed to admit his mistake.
他太倔强，无法承认自己的错误。
C2 noun /ˈkriːdoʊ/

credo

信条
Meaning
A statement of the beliefs or aims that guide someone's actions.
Example
Honesty has always been the central credo of his life.
诚实一直是他生活中的核心信条。
C2 adjective /ˈkræbɪd/

crabbed

难以阅读, 脾气坏
Meaning
difficult to read or understand; ill-tempered
Example
His handwriting was crabbed and almost illegible.
他的字迹难以阅读，几乎无法辨认。
C1 verb /ˌkɒm.pɑːtˈmen.təl.aɪz/

compartmentalize

划分
Meaning
To divide into sections or categories; to separate things into compartments.
Example
To increase efficiency, he compartmentalized his work tasks.
为了提高效率，他将工作任务划分开来。
C1 noun /kæsˈkeɪd/

Cascade

瀑布; 一系列阶段或操作
Meaning
a waterfall; a succession of stages or operations
Example
The mountain cascade created a beautiful natural swimming pool below.
山间瀑布在下面形成了一个美丽的自然游泳池。
C1 verb /ˈklæmbər/

clamber

吃力地爬
Meaning
to climb with effort or difficulty, often using both hands and feet
Example
The children clambered over the rocks to reach the cave.
孩子们费力地爬过岩石，到达了洞穴。
C1 adjective /ˈkʌlpəbl̩/

culpable

有罪的
Meaning
deserving blame or responsibility for a wrongdoing
Example
The judge found him culpable for the accident.
法官认定他对事故负有责任。
C1 noun /ˌkɒnfɪˈdɑːnt/

confidante

知己
Meaning
A woman with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting her not to repeat it.
Example
The queen’s maid became her most trusted confidante.
皇后的女仆成为了她最信任的知己。
C2 noun /tʃæf/

Chaff

糠; 无价值的东西; 轻松的玩笑
Meaning
the husks of corn or other seed separated by winnowing; worthless things; light-hearted joking
Example
The farmer separated the wheat from the chaff using traditional methods.
农民使用传统方法将小麦从糠中分离出来。
C1 verb /kənˈsɛptʃuəlaɪz/

conceptualize

构思
Meaning
to form an idea or concept of something in your mind
Example
The artist conceptualized a new design for the exhibition.
艺术家为展览构思了一个新的设计。
C2 adjective /kənˈvɪviəl/

convivial

友好、活跃和愉快；社交
Meaning
friendly, lively, and enjoyable; sociable
Example
The party had a convivial atmosphere with music and laughter.
派对上有着充满活力的氛围，伴随着音乐和欢笑。
B1 noun /səˈlɛbrɪti/

celebrity

名人
Meaning
a famous person, especially in entertainment or sports
Example
The celebrity was surrounded by fans at the airport.
这位名人在机场被粉丝围住了。
B2 verb /kəmˈplaɪ/

comply

遵守
Meaning
to act in accordance with a rule, request, or law
Example
All companies must comply with safety regulations.
所有公司必须遵守安全规定。
C1 verb /kənˈstrɪkt/

constrict

收缩
Meaning
to make narrower or tighter; to shrink or compress
Example
The snake constricted its prey before swallowing.
蛇在吞噬之前把猎物收缩了。
B1 adjective /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/

challenging

具有挑战性的
Meaning
difficult in a way that tests one's abilities
Example
The mountain climb was challenging but rewarding.
爬山是具有挑战性的，但也是有回报的。
C2 noun /ˌkæθəˈlɪsɪti/

catholicity

普遍性, 开放思想
Meaning
Universality; broad-mindedness; acceptance of a wide variety of things.
Example
Her catholicity of interests makes her a fascinating person.
她对兴趣的普遍性使她成为一个迷人的人。
B2 adjective /ˌkɒst.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/

cost-efficient

节约成本
Meaning
Achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.
Example
Cost-efficient solutions benefit industries.
节约成本的解决方案有利于各行各业。
C2 adjective /ˈkæloʊ/

callow

不成熟
Meaning
Inexperienced and immature.
Example
The callow intern made several mistakes on his first day.
那个缺乏经验的实习生在第一天犯了几个错误。
C2 noun/verb /ˈkætˌkɔːl/

catcall

性骚扰或不满的喊声或口哨声
Meaning
A loud whistle or shout of disapproval or sexual harassment directed at someone.
Example
The actress ignored the catcalls from the crowd.
女演员无视人群中的猫叫声。
C2 verb /ˈkɒd.l̩/

coddle

过度溺爱
Meaning
to treat someone with excessive care or kindness, often in a way that is overprotective
Example
Parents should support their children without coddling them.
父母应该在不溺爱孩子的情况下支持他们。
A1 verb /kʌt/

cut

剪
Meaning
to divide or separate with a sharp tool
Example
I cut the paper with scissors.
我用剪刀剪纸。
C2 adjective /kənˈsʌmptɪv/

consumptive

消费性的
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by consumption; historically used to describe someone suffering from tuberculosis.
Example
The doctor advised against consumptive habits.
医生建议避免消费性习惯。
C1 noun ˌkæp.ɪ.təl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

capitalization

资本化
Meaning
The total market value of a company's shares or the provision of capital for a company or activity.
Example
The company's capitalization reached $1 billion in market value.
该公司的资本化达到了10亿美元的市场价值。
C2 verb /kənˈtɔːrt/

contort

扭曲
Meaning
to twist or bend out of the normal shape
Example
She contorted her face in pain after the injury.
受伤后，她痛苦地扭曲了脸。
C2 noun /ˌsɜːrkəmləˈkjuːʃn/

circumlocution

拐弯抹角
Meaning
the use of many words when fewer would do, especially to avoid stating something directly
Example
The politician's speech was filled with circumlocution.
政治家的演讲充满了拐弯抹角。
B2 noun /ˈkɒntræktər/

contractor

承包商
Meaning
a person or company that agrees to provide materials or labor to perform a service or do a job
Example
The contractor completed the building project on time.
承包商按时完成了建筑项目。
C1 noun, verb /kriːs/

crease

褶皱, 折痕
Meaning
a line or fold produced on paper, cloth, or other material; to make a fold or wrinkle
Example
She ironed the shirt carefully to remove every crease.
她小心地熨烫衬衫，去除每一道褶皱。
C1 verb /kliːv/

cleave

劈开, 切割
Meaning
to split or divide; to cut through forcefully
Example
He used an axe to cleave the wood.
他用斧头劈开木材。
C1 verb /ˌkɒndɪˈsɛnd/

condescend

从高处以友善的态度
Meaning
to behave as if one is superior while being gracious to others
Example
He would not condescend to answer such a trivial question.
他不会屈尊回答如此琐碎的问题。
B2 noun /kʌlt/

cult

邪教
Meaning
a system of religious veneration and devotion directed toward a particular figure or object
Example
The cult followed their leader with great devotion.
邪教以极大的献身精神追随他们的领袖。
C1 adjective /kənˈvɜːrdʒənt/

convergent

汇聚的
Meaning
tending to move toward a common point or result
Example
The two rivers have a convergent path before entering the lake.
这两条河流在进入湖泊之前有一条汇聚路径。
B1 adverb /ˈtʃɪəfəli/

cheerfully

愉快地
Meaning
in a happy and positive manner; with visible good spirits
Example
She greeted everyone cheerfully despite the long day.
尽管一天很长，她还是愉快地向大家打招呼。
C2 verb /ˌkɒmənˈdɪə/

commandeer

强行占领
Meaning
To take control or possession of something, often by force or authority.
Example
The soldiers commandeered the villagers’ homes during the war.
战争期间，士兵们强行占领了村民的家。
B2 verb /kənˈsɒl.ɪ.deɪt/

consolidate

合并
Meaning
To combine things in order to make them more effective or easier to handle.
Example
The company aims to consolidate its market position.
公司旨在巩固其市场地位。
C1 noun /ˌkɒndʒʊˈɡeɪʃən/

conjugation

词形变化
Meaning
the variation of the form of a verb to indicate tense, person, and number
Example
French verbs have complex conjugations.
法语动词有复杂的变位。
C1 noun /ˈkæn.dɚ/

candor

坦诚
Meaning
The quality of being open, honest, and straightforward in speech or expression.
Example
She spoke with candor about the challenges she faced.
她坦诚地谈论了她面临的挑战。
A2 noun /ˈkrɒk.ə.daɪl/

Crocodile

鳄鱼
Meaning
a large reptile with a long mouth and sharp teeth that lives in rivers and lakes in hot countries
Example
The crocodile slowly moved through the murky water.
鳄鱼缓慢地穿过浑浊的水域。
C1 verb /koʊks/

coax

劝说
Meaning
to persuade someone gently or gradually to do something
Example
She managed to coax the cat out of the tree with some food.
她设法用一些食物把猫从树上劝下来。
B2 noun /klɔː/

Claw

爪子
Meaning
sharp curved nail on the foot of an animal or bird
Example
The cat extended its sharp claws to climb the tree.
猫伸出锋利的爪子爬上了树。
B2 noun ˈkæp.sjuːl

capsule

胶囊。一个小的可溶解的明胶外壳，内含药物剂量，整个吞下。
Meaning
A small soluble case of gelatin containing a dose of medicine, swallowed whole.
Example
Capsules contain controlled environments.
胶囊包含受控的环境。
C2 noun /ˈkɒl.ə.kwi/

colloquy

正式对话
Meaning
A formal conversation or dialogue, often on serious or academic topics.
Example
The professors engaged in a deep colloquy about the future of education.
教授们就教育的未来进行了深入的对话。
C1 adjective /ˈkɒz.mɪk/

cosmic

宇宙的, 广阔的
Meaning
relating to the universe or cosmos; vast
Example
Astronomers study cosmic phenomena to understand the universe.
天文学家研究宇宙现象，以理解宇宙。
C2 adjective /ˈkrɒtʃ.ə.ti/

crotchety

脾气坏
Meaning
bad-tempered, easily annoyed, and often complaining
Example
The crotchety old man yelled at the children for playing near his house.
那个脾气坏的老人对在他家附近玩耍的孩子们大喊。
B1 adjective /ˈtʃaɪl.dɪʃ/

Childish

孩子气; 典型的儿童行为，但对于成年人不合适
Meaning
immature and silly; behaving in a way that is typical of a child but inappropriate for an adult
Example
His childish behavior during the meeting was quite embarrassing.
他在会议期间的孩子气行为非常令人尴尬。
C2 verb /kəˈnoʊt/

connote

暗示
Meaning
To suggest or imply an additional meaning beyond the literal one.
Example
The word 'youthful' connotes energy and vitality.
‘青春’一词暗示着活力和生气。
A2 verb /ˈkʌvər/

cover

覆盖
Meaning
to put something over or upon something else to protect or conceal
Example
Please cover the food to keep it fresh.
请把食物盖上，以保持新鲜。
B2 adjective /kəʊˈhɪə.rənt/

coherent

连贯
Meaning
Logical and consistent; forming a unified whole; clear and easy to understand.
Example
His speech was clear and coherent.
他的演讲清晰且连贯。
A2 adjective /ˈkjʊriəs/

curious

好奇
Meaning
Eager to know or learn something.
Example
The curious explorers asked questions about Antarctica.
好奇的探险者询问了关于南极的问题。
C1 verb /ˈkælɪˌbreɪt/

calibrate

Meaning
To adjust or mark something so it can be used accurately; to standardize.
Example
The technician calibrated the machine before starting the experiment.
B2 noun /ˌkɑː.bəʊˈhaɪ.dreɪts/

carbohydrates

碳水化合物
Meaning
Organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, serving as a primary source of energy for the body.
Example
Whole grains are a great source of healthy carbohydrates.
全谷物是健康碳水化合物的极佳来源。
B1 noun /kəˈnæl/

canal

水道
Meaning
an artificial waterway constructed for navigation, irrigation, or drainage
Example
The canal was built to help transport goods across the region.
该水道的建设是为了帮助运输区域内的货物。
C1 adjective,noun /kənˈtɪn.dʒənt/

contingent

取决于 / 队伍
Meaning
dependent on something else; a group of people representing an organization
Example
Attendance is contingent on prior registration. / A contingent of students attended the conference.
出席取决于事先注册。 / 一个学生代表团参加了会议。
C2 adjective /ˈklɔɪ.ɪŋ/

cloying

腻人的
Meaning
too sweet, rich, or sentimental, making it unpleasant
Example
The dessert was so cloying that I couldn't finish it.
甜点太腻人了，我吃不下去。
C2 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈveɪl/

countervail

抵消
Meaning
to offset or counteract the effect of something
Example
The benefits of the new policy countervail its drawbacks.
新政策的好处抵消了它的缺点。
B2 phrase kəˈlek.tɪv ˈæk.ʃən

collective action

集体行动
Meaning
Action taken by a group of people working together toward a common goal or purpose.
Example
Collective action is needed to mitigate climate change.
集体行动对于减缓气候变化很重要。
C1 noun /ˈkɜːrfjuː/

curfew

宵禁
Meaning
a rule requiring people to stay indoors after a certain time, usually at night
Example
The city imposed a curfew during the unrest.
城市在骚乱期间实施了宵禁。
A2 verb /kənˈfjuːz/

confuse

混淆
Meaning
To make someone unable to think clearly; to bewilder.
Example
The complex instructions confused the students.
复杂的指示使学生感到困惑。
A1 verb /kɔːl/

call

打电话
Meaning
to say something loudly; to telephone someone; to name
Example
Please call me when you arrive home.
请在到家后给我打电话。
C2 adjective /ˌkloʊs ˈhɔːld/

close-hauled

逆风航行
Meaning
of a sailing ship, sailing as nearly as possible towards the direction from which the wind is blowing.
Example
The yacht was close-hauled as it cut through the waves.
那艘游艇在波浪中紧贴风向行驶。
A2 adjective, noun /tʃaɪˈniːz/

chinese

中国的
Meaning
relating to China, its people, or its language
Example
We went to a Chinese restaurant last night.
我们昨晚去了一个中国餐厅。
B2 noun /ˈkʊriər/

courier

快递员
Meaning
a person or company that delivers messages, packages, or mail
Example
The courier delivered the documents on time.
快递员准时交付了文件。
A2 noun /ˈkʌm.fərt/

Comfort

舒适; 安逸
Meaning
a state of physical ease and freedom from pain or constraint; relief from distress or anxiety
Example
The soft sofa provided great comfort after a long day at work.
柔软的沙发在长时间工作后提供了极大的舒适感。
B1 adverb /ˈkeərləsli/

carelessly

粗心地
Meaning
without care or attention; in a negligent or reckless manner
Example
He carelessly left the door unlocked.
他粗心地把门忘了上锁。