Berth
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C1 noun /bɜːrθ/

Berth

卧铺; 船、火车或其他交通工具上的睡觉地方
Meaning
a sleeping place in a ship, train, or other vehicle; a place where a ship can dock
Example
I booked an upper berth on the overnight train.
我在夜间列车上预订了一个上铺。
C1 adjective /ˈɪnfəməs/

infamous

臭名昭著
Meaning
well known for some bad quality or deed
Example
The dictator was infamous for his cruelty.
这位独裁者因其残忍而臭名昭著。
C1 verb /ˈɛkˌsaɪz/

excise

切除
Meaning
to cut out or remove completely, often by surgery
Example
The surgeon excised the tumor successfully.
外科医生成功地切除了肿瘤。
C1 verb /ˈfʌmbəl/

fumble

搞乱
Meaning
to handle something clumsily or to make mistakes while doing something
Example
He fumbled with the keys and dropped them on the floor.
他搞乱了钥匙，把它们掉在地板上。
C1 adjective /ˈpælpəbl̩/

palpable

幸福
Meaning
easily perceived or felt; so intense as to seem almost tangible
Example
There was a palpable sense of excitement in the room.
当她收到奖项时，她无法隐藏自己的幸福感。
C1 verb /ˈswɪndl/

swindle

欺骗
Meaning
to cheat someone out of money or possessions by deceit
Example
The con artist tried to swindle the old man out of his savings.
骗子试图骗取老人的储蓄。
C1 adjective /ˌəʊvərˈstɪmjʊˌleɪtɪd/

overstimulated

过度刺激的
Meaning
Excessively excited or aroused, overwhelmed by too much stimulus.
Example
Overstimulated minds can lead to burnout and decreased productivity.
过度刺激的头脑可能导致倦怠和生产力下降。
C1 noun /ˈlæt.ɪ.tuːd/

Latitude

纬度
Meaning
the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator; freedom to act or think
Example
The GPS device showed our exact latitude and longitude coordinates on the map.
GPS设备在地图上显示了我们的准确纬度和经度坐标。
C1 noun /stɪˈlɛtoʊ/

stiletto

细高跟鞋 / 匕首
Meaning
A small, thin, high-heeled shoe or a dagger with a slender blade.
Example
She wore elegant stiletto heels to the party.
她穿着优雅的细高跟鞋去参加派对。
C1 verb /ˌriː.ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

reestablish

重新建立
Meaning
to set up or restore something again after it has been disrupted
Example
The government worked hard to reestablish peace in the region.
政府努力在该地区重新建立和平。
C1 adjective /pəˈdæntɪk/

pedantic

过于关注细节或规则的人
Meaning
Excessively concerned with minor details or rules; overly academic or bookish.
Example
Her pedantic explanations made the lecture dull.
她的呗丹提克解释让讲座变得无聊。
C1 noun /ˈbeɪlɪf/

bailiff

法警
Meaning
An official who keeps order in a court, carries out court orders, or collects debts.
Example
The bailiff asked everyone to rise as the judge entered the courtroom.
当法官进入法庭时，法警要求大家起立。
C1 verb /əˈbriːvieɪt/

abbreviate

缩写
Meaning
To shorten a word, phrase, or text by leaving out letters or parts.
Example
We often abbreviate 'Doctor' to 'Dr'.
我们常常把 'Doctor' 缩写成 'Dr.'。
C1 verb /ɪˈspaʊz/

espouse

支持
Meaning
To adopt or support a cause, belief, or way of life.
Example
She espoused the philosophy of nonviolence throughout her career.
她在整个职业生涯中支持了非暴力的哲学。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌn.dri/

sundry

杂项
Meaning
Various or miscellaneous.
Example
The shop sells fruits, clothes, and sundry items.
这家店卖水果、衣服和各种商品。
C1 adjective /ˈzɛsti/

zesty

辛辣
Meaning
Having a strong, pleasant, and somewhat spicy flavor; full of energy and enthusiasm.
Example
The dish had a zesty flavor that everyone loved.
这道菜有一种辛辣的味道，大家都很喜欢。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɛrənt/

inherent

固有的
Meaning
Existing in something as a natural, permanent, or essential quality.
Example
There are inherent risks in extreme sports.
极限运动中存在固有的风险。
C1 noun /ænˈtæɡənɪzəm/

antagonism

对立
Meaning
active hostility or opposition
Example
There was clear antagonism between the two political parties.
两党之间有明显的对立。
C1 noun /ˈtrɛmər/

tremor

颤动
Meaning
a slight shaking movement in a person’s body or in the ground
Example
A small tremor was felt before the earthquake.
在地震前感到了轻微的颤动。
C1 adjective /ɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

excusable

可原谅的
Meaning
Able to be forgiven or justified.
Example
Her mistake was excusable given the circumstances.
考虑到情况，她的错误是可以原谅的。
C1 noun /ˌrɛfjʊˈteɪʃən/

refutation

驳斥
Meaning
The act of proving a statement or argument to be false or incorrect.
Example
Her essay was a strong refutation of the opposing theory.
她的文章是对对立理论的有力驳斥。
C1 noun /ˈstɪklər/

stickler

对规则严格的人
Meaning
a person who insists on a certain quality or standard of behavior
Example
He is a stickler for punctuality and never tolerates delays.
他非常严格地要求准时，从不容忍迟到。
C1 adjective ʌnˈskruːpjʊləs

unscrupulous

不道德的
Meaning
Having or showing no moral principles; not honest or fair.
Example
Unscrupulous peers can lead adolescents to delinquency.
不道德的同龄人可能会导致青少年犯罪。
C1 noun /kəˈloʊkwiəˌlɪzəm/

colloquialism

口语表达
Meaning
a word or phrase used in informal speech or writing
Example
The novel is full of regional colloquialisms.
这本小说充满了地区性的口语表达。
C1 adjective ʌnˈtʃɑːtɪd

uncharted

未标记
Meaning
Not mapped or surveyed; unknown or unexplored.
Example
The mission aimed to explore uncharted areas of the planet.
该任务旨在探索星球上未标记的区域。
C1 verb /ɪmˈploʊd/

implode

内爆
Meaning
To collapse or burst inward violently.
Example
The old building imploded during the demolition.
老建筑在拆除时发生了内爆。
C1 adjective /ˌeɪˈtɪpɪkəl/

atypical

非典型
Meaning
not representative of a type, group, or class; unusual or abnormal
Example
The doctor said it was an atypical case of the disease.
医生说这是一个非典型的病例。
C1 noun kənˈsjuː.mə.rɪ.zəm

consumerism

消费主义
Meaning
The tendency to increase consumption of goods and the importance given to consuming products.
Example
Modern consumerism leads to increased demand for luxury goods.
现代消费主义导致对奢侈品的需求增加。
C1 noun /ɪˈmɜː.ʃən/

immersion

沉浸
Meaning
Complete engagement in an environment or experience.
Example
Immersion in VR games makes users feel like they are inside the virtual world.
沉浸在虚拟现实游戏中让用户感觉自己仿佛置身于虚拟世界。
C1 noun ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn

modification

修改
Meaning
The action of making changes to something.
Example
The plan required modification.
计划需要修改。
C1 verb /ˌrɛzəˈrɛkt/

resurrect

复活
Meaning
To bring back to life or revive something from the past.
Example
The director decided to resurrect the old play for a new audience.
导演决定让旧剧本为新的观众复活。
C1 verb /trænˈzækt/

transact

进行交易
Meaning
to conduct or carry out business, a deal, or activity
Example
Customers can transact their banking online.
客户可以在线进行银行交易。
C1 noun /səˈlaɪ.və/

Saliva

唾液
Meaning
the watery liquid secreted into the mouth by glands
Example
The dentist asked her to rinse the saliva from her mouth.
牙医让她把口腔里的唾液漱掉。
C1 noun /əˈkʌmplɪs/

accomplice

同谋
Meaning
a person who helps another commit a crime
Example
The thief was arrested along with his accomplice.
小偷与他的同谋一起被捕。
C1 noun /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪˈeɪʃən/

differentiation

差异化, 区分
Meaning
The action or process of differentiating or distinguishing between things.
Example
Differentiation from competitors can create a unique market position.
从竞争者中实现差异化可以创建独特的市场地位。
C1 noun /ˈniːdəlwɜːrk/

needlework

针线活, 刺绣
Meaning
The craft of sewing, embroidery, or knitting done with a needle.
Example
Her grandmother taught her the art of needlework.
她的祖母教她针线活的艺术。
C1 noun /teɪnt/

Taint

污点; 污渍; 腐败或污染
Meaning
a stain or mark that spoils something; corruption or contamination
Example
The scandal left a permanent taint on his reputation.
丑闻在他的声誉上留下了永久的污点。
C1 noun /ˈstəʊ.ɪ.sɪ.zəm/

stoicism

斯多伊主义
Meaning
The endurance of pain or hardship without the display of feelings and without complaint.
Example
His stoicism during hardship was admirable.
他在困境中的斯多伊主义令人钦佩。
C1 verb /ɪnˈfleɪt/

inflate

充气；抬高
Meaning
to fill with air or gas so it expands; to increase excessively or artificially
Example
The mechanic inflated the tire to the correct pressure.
技工把轮胎充到了正确的气压。
C1 noun /ˈæntənɪm/

antonym

反义词
Meaning
A word opposite in meaning to another.
Example
‘Hot’ is the antonym of ‘cold’.
‘Hot’ 是 ‘cold’ 的反义词。
C1 noun /pləˈsiːboʊ/

placebo

安慰剂
Meaning
a substance with no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs
Example
The patient was given a placebo to compare the effect of the real drug.
患者被给了一个安慰剂，以比较真实药物的效果。
C1 noun /ˈmaɪlɪdʒ/

mileage

油耗
Meaning
The distance traveled in miles, or the fuel efficiency of a vehicle.
Example
This car gives excellent mileage on highways.
这辆车在高速公路上的油耗表现优秀。
C1 adjective /taɪˈtænɪk/

titanic

巨大的
Meaning
Of exceptional strength, size, or power.
Example
The company made titanic efforts to expand into new markets.
公司在开拓新市场时做出了巨大的努力。
C1 verb /luːt/

loot

掠夺
Meaning
to steal goods, typically during war, riot, or chaos
Example
The rioters looted several shops during the protest.
抗议者在抗议期间掠夺了几家商店。
C1 verb /fɔːrˈɡoʊ/

forgo

放弃
Meaning
to decide not to do or have something
Example
She decided to forgo dessert to maintain her diet.
她决定放弃甜点以保持她的饮食。
C1 verb /əˈbɔːrt/

abort

中止；流产
Meaning
to stop a process or action before it is completed; to end a pregnancy deliberately
Example
The pilot decided to abort the mission due to bad weather.
由于恶劣天气，飞行员决定中止任务。
C1 noun /ˈrɪdəns/

riddance

摆脱
Meaning
The action of getting rid of something unwanted or unpleasant.
Example
His departure was considered a welcome riddance by the team.
他的离开被团队视为一种欢迎的摆脱。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl̩/

inadmissible

不可接受
Meaning
Not allowed, especially as evidence in a court of law.
Example
The judge ruled the evidence inadmissible.
法官宣布证据不可接受。
C1 noun /dɪˈfjuːʒən/

diffusion

Meaning
the spreading of something more widely or the movement of particles from high to low concentration
Example
The diffusion of information on social media is rapid.
C1 noun /sɔːd fɪʃ/

Sword fish

剑鱼
Meaning
A large marine fish with an elongated bill resembling a sword
Example
The swordfish can swim at speeds up to 60 mph.
剑鱼的游泳速度可达每小时60英里。
C1 adjective ˈɒptɪmaɪzd

optimized

优化, 改善, 更有效
Meaning
Made as fully perfect, functional, or effective as possible; improved to achieve maximum efficiency.
Example
The system has been optimized for faster performance.
系统已经针对更快的性能进行了优化。
C1 adjective ˈsɪŋ.krə.nəs

synchronous

同步
Meaning
Existing or occurring at the same time.
Example
Synchronous learning involves live online classes.
同步学习包括实时在线课堂。
C1 noun /ˈɡreɪvstoʊn/

gravestone

墓碑
Meaning
A stone that marks a grave, usually inscribed with the name of the deceased.
Example
The gravestone had her name carved beautifully.
墓碑上刻着她的名字，雕刻得非常精美。
C1 adjective ˌʌn.pəˈtɜːbd

unperturbed

不为某事烦恼或困扰；冷静且镇定
Meaning
Not worried or disturbed by something; calm and composed.
Example
She remained unperturbed despite the challenges.
尽管有挑战，她依然保持冷静。
C1 adjective ˌkwɪn.tɪˈsen.ʃəl

quintessential

典型的完美或典型的例子
Meaning
representing the most perfect or typical example of a quality or class.
Example
The artist's work is the quintessential example of modernism.
艺术家的作品是现代主义的典型示例。
C1 adjective /pərˈsweɪdəbl̩/

persuadable

容易说服的
Meaning
capable of being convinced or influenced to do something
Example
She was easily persuadable when it came to trying new foods.
她在尝试新食物时很容易被说服。
C1 verb /paʊt/

pout

撅嘴
Meaning
to push one's lips forward as an expression of annoyance or sulkiness
Example
The child began to pout when he didn’t get the toy.
孩子没得到玩具时开始撅嘴。
C1 verb /ˈfɛdərət/

federate

联合
Meaning
to unite in a league or federation; to form an alliance
Example
Several states federated to create a stronger union.
几个州联合起来创造了一个更强大的联盟。
C1 noun /daɪˈsɛkʃən/

dissection

解剖
Meaning
the act of cutting apart or analyzing something in detail, especially a body or structure
Example
The dissection of the specimen revealed important details about its structure.
样本的解剖揭示了关于其结构的重要细节。
C1 noun /ˈræp.tʃər/

rapture

狂喜, 欣喜若狂
Meaning
A feeling of intense joy, delight, or ecstasy.
Example
She listened to the music in rapture.
她沉浸在音乐中，陶醉其中。
C1 noun /ˈmɑːrtərdəm/

Martyrdom

殉道
Meaning
The suffering of death on account of adherence to a cause or principle
Example
His martyrdom inspired countless others to join the freedom movement.
他的殉道激励了无数其他人加入自由运动。
C1 noun /ˈtʃæs.tɪ.ti/

Chastity

贞洁; 处女; 节制;
Meaning
the practice of refraining from extramarital or premarital sexual relations; sexual purity
Example
Many religious traditions value chastity as a virtue of moral purity.
许多宗教传统把贞洁看作是一种道德纯洁的美德。
C1 adjective /dɪsˈkwaɪətɪŋ/

disquieting

令人不安
Meaning
Causing worry, unease, or anxiety.
Example
The news report was deeply disquieting to the public.
新闻报道对公众来说是深感不安的。
C1 noun /slæɡ/

slag

炉渣
Meaning
Stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting process.
Example
The factory dumped the slag near the river.
工厂把炉渣倾倒在河边。
C1 adjective /ɪˈmoʊbəl/

immobile

无法移动
Meaning
unable to move or be moved
Example
After the accident, he was immobile for weeks.
事故发生后，他几周都无法移动。
C1 noun səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl tekˈnɒl.ə.dʒi

sustainable technology

可持续技术
Meaning
Technology designed to meet present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs.
Example
Sustainable technology ensures a cleaner future.
可持续技术确保更清洁的未来。
C1 verb /ˈdʒenərəlaɪz/

generalize

概括
Meaning
To make a broad statement by inferring from specific cases.
Example
It is wrong to generalize based on a few experiences.
根据几次经历做出概括是错误的。
C1 verb /veks/

vex

烦扰
Meaning
to annoy or frustrate someone; to cause trouble
Example
The constant noise from construction vexes the residents.
来自施工的持续噪音烦扰着居民。
C1 adjective /mʌnˈdeɪn/

mundane

平凡
Meaning
lacking interest or excitement; dull and ordinary
Example
She tried to escape her mundane routine by traveling.
她试图通过旅行逃避她平凡的日常。
C1 verb /ˈkrʌmpəl/

crumple

揉捏
Meaning
to crush something into folds or wrinkles
Example
He crumpled the paper and threw it in the bin.
他把纸揉成一团丢进了垃圾桶。
C1 adjective /əˈvɜːrs/

averse

反感
Meaning
having a strong dislike of or opposition to something
Example
He was averse to taking unnecessary risks.
他不愿意承担不必要的风险。
C1 verb /ˈfɔːrtɪˌfaɪ/

fortify

加强
Meaning
To strengthen a place, person, or thing physically or mentally.
Example
They fortified the city walls to protect against invasion.
他们加固了城市的墙壁，以防止入侵。
C1 noun /aɪl/

isle

小岛
Meaning
A small island or peninsula, often poetic or literary.
Example
They spent their honeymoon on a beautiful tropical isle.
他们在一个美丽的热带小岛上度过了他们的蜜月。
C1 noun /ˈkɔːrdən/

cordon

警戒线
Meaning
a line or circle of police, soldiers, or guards preventing access
Example
The police set up a cordon around the crime scene.
警方在犯罪现场周围设立了封锁线。
C1 noun /mɑːrʃ/

Marsh

沼泽
Meaning
An area of low-lying land that is flooded in wet seasons or at high tide
Example
The endangered birds built their nests in the protected marsh.
濒危的鸟类在受保护的沼泽中筑巢。
C1 noun /ˈprɒdɪdʒi/

prodigy

神童
Meaning
a person, especially a young one, with exceptional talents or abilities
Example
Mozart was a child prodigy in music.
莫扎特是一个音乐神童。
C1 adjective /ˈtɒrɪd/

torrid

非常炎热和干燥；充满强烈情感或激情
Meaning
Very hot and dry; full of strong emotions or passion.
Example
The desert heat was torrid during the day.
沙漠的热量白天非常炎热。
C1 verb /dɪsˈɑːrm/

disarm

解除武装
Meaning
to take weapons away from someone; to make someone feel less hostile
Example
The soldiers were ordered to disarm the rebels.
士兵们被命令解除叛乱分子的武装。
C1 noun/verb /ˈbæntər/

banter

打趣
Meaning
playful and friendly exchange of teasing remarks
Example
The colleagues enjoyed some light banter during the meeting.
同事们在会议期间享受了一些轻松的班特。
C1 noun /rɪˈpen.təns/

Repentance

悔改
Meaning
the action of repenting; sincere regret or remorse
Example
His genuine repentance moved everyone in the courtroom.
他真正的悔改感动了法庭上的所有人。
C1 adverb /ˈfeɪ.təl.i/

Fatally

致命地
Meaning
in a way that causes death; with deadly consequences; critically
Example
The accident fatally injured two passengers.
事故致命地伤害了两名乘客。
C1 noun /brʌnt/

brunt

主要冲击
Meaning
the worst part or main impact of something unpleasant
Example
The small town bore the brunt of the storm.
小镇承受了风暴的主要冲击。
C1 noun /ˌlɪbəˈreɪʃən wɔːr/

liberation war

解放战争
Meaning
a war fought to gain freedom from foreign rule, occupation, or oppression; an armed struggle for national independence
Example
The liberation war reshaped the nation’s history and identity.
解放战争改变了国家的历史和认同。
C1 adjective /suːˈpɜːrlətɪv/

superlative

最高级
Meaning
Of the highest quality or degree; expressing the extreme form of an adjective or adverb.
Example
Her performance was superlative, earning her a standing ovation.
她的表现是最高级的，赢得了站立的掌声。
C1 adverb /ˌkɒnfɪˈdenʃəli/

Confidentially

机密地
Meaning
in a confidential manner; secretly; privately
Example
The information was shared confidentially between the two managers.
信息在两个经理之间以机密方式共享。
C1 noun /dɪˈten.ʃən/

Detention

拘留; 暂时关押
Meaning
the action of detaining someone or being detained in official custody
Example
The student received detention for repeatedly disrupting the class.
学生因反复打扰课堂而被拘留。
C1 adjective /ˈrɛtɪsənt/

reticent

沉默寡言
Meaning
not revealing one's thoughts or feelings readily; reserved
Example
She was reticent about her personal life.
她对自己的个人生活保持沉默。
C1 noun dɪˈspær.ə.ti

disparity

差异
Meaning
A great difference or inequality.
Example
Disparity between countries must be reduced.
国家之间的差异必须减少。
C1 adjective /ədˈmɪsəbl/

admissible

Meaning
acceptable or valid, especially as evidence in a court of law
Example
The judge ruled that the document was admissible as evidence.
C1 noun ˌræʃ.ən.əl.ɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

rationalization

理性化
Meaning
The practice of finding reasons for behavior or actions that are not the real reasons.
Example
His rationalization of the mistake was not convincing.
他对错误的理性化并不令人信服。
C1 verb /rænt/

rant

大喊大叫
Meaning
to speak or shout in an angry, uncontrolled way
Example
He ranted about the unfair treatment at work.
他在工作中大声抱怨不公正的待遇。
C1 noun /ˈlɪbərəlɪzəm/

liberalism

自由主义
Meaning
a political and social philosophy advocating individual freedoms, democracy, and equality
Example
Liberalism emphasizes freedom of speech and human rights.
自由主义强调言论自由和人权。
C1 adjective /bɪˈnaɪn/

benign

Meaning
Gentle, kind, or not harmful (especially of a disease or tumor).
Example
The doctor assured her that the tumor was benign.
C1 adjective /səˈnɔːrəs/

sonorous

深沉的声音
Meaning
Deep, full, and rich in sound.
Example
The actor's sonorous voice filled the entire theater.
演员那深沉的声音充满了整个剧院。
C1 noun /ˈliːdʒən/

legion

一大群人，特别是士兵；大量
Meaning
a large group of people, especially soldiers; a great number
Example
The Roman army was divided into legions.
罗马军队被划分为军团。
C1 noun /ˌɪnflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/

inflexibility

缺乏灵活性
Meaning
the quality of being rigid or unwilling to change; lack of adaptability
Example
The inflexibility of the rules caused unnecessary delays.
规则的缺乏灵活性导致了不必要的延误。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈkwes.tʃən.ə.bl̩/

Unquestionable

无可争议的; 确定的
Meaning
not able to be disputed or doubted; certain and beyond doubt
Example
Her honesty and integrity are unquestionable qualities.
她的诚实和正直是无可争议的品质。
C1 adjective ʌnˈjiːl.dɪŋ

unyielding

坚定或坚韧
Meaning
Not easily broken or giving in to pressure.
Example
Her unyielding determination helped her overcome all challenges.
她坚定的决心帮助她克服了所有的挑战。
C1 adjective /ˌnjʊə.rəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

neurological

神经学的
Meaning
Relating to the anatomy, functions, and organic disorders of nerves and the nervous system.
Example
Meditation has positive neurological effects on mental health.
冥想对心理健康有积极的神经学影响。
C1 noun /ɪˌmæn.sɪˈpeɪ.ʃən/

Emancipation

解放
Meaning
the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions
Example
The emancipation of slaves was a significant moment in American history.
奴隶的解放是美国历史上的一个重要时刻。
C1 noun /ˈpɛndənt/

pendant

吊坠
Meaning
a piece of jewelry that hangs from a chain worn around the neck
Example
She wore a silver pendant around her neck.
她戴着一个银色的吊坠在脖子上。
C1 noun əˈtrɒs.ɪ.tiz

atrocities

暴行
Meaning
Extremely wicked or cruel acts, typically involving physical violence or injury.
Example
The atrocities shocked the international community.
这些暴行震惊了国际社会。
C1 noun /ˈlɔːsuːt/

lawsuit

诉讼
Meaning
a legal case brought to a court of law by one person against another
Example
The company faced a lawsuit over false advertising.
公司因虚假广告而面临诉讼。
C1 noun /ˈpɛdəstəl/

pedestal

基座 / 台座
Meaning
the base or support on which a statue or object stands
Example
The statue was placed on a marble pedestal.
雕像被放置在大理石基座上。
C1 noun /ˈkælɪbər/

caliber

口径
Meaning
The quality of someone's ability or character; the internal diameter of a gun barrel.
Example
The university attracts students of high caliber.
这所大学吸引了高口径的学生。
C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈriːtʃ/

overreach

过度伸展
Meaning
to go beyond what is proper, acceptable, or achievable; to overextend
Example
The politician overreached by making promises he couldn't keep.
那位政治家在做出无法兑现的承诺时，过度伸展了自己。
C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌstʌdi/

understudy

替身演员
Meaning
An actor who learns another's role to act as a replacement if needed.
Example
The understudy performed when the lead actor fell ill.
当主角生病时，替身演员上场表演。
C1 noun /ˈspaɪər/

spire

尖顶
Meaning
a tall, pointed structure on top of a building, especially a church
Example
The church spire could be seen from miles away.
教堂的尖顶从远处可见。
C1 adjective /tjuːˈmʌltʃuəs/

tumultuous

动荡
Meaning
Characterized by disorder, noisy excitement, or emotional agitation.
Example
They had a tumultuous relationship full of ups and downs.
他们有一段充满波动的关系，起伏不定。
C1 verb /ˈflaʊndər/

flounder

挣扎
Meaning
To struggle or stagger clumsily; to experience difficulty or confusion.
Example
He floundered in the interview when asked difficult questions.
当被问到困难的问题时，他在面试中挣扎。
C1 noun /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/

calligraphy

美丽且装饰性的书写艺术
Meaning
The art of beautiful and decorative handwriting.
Example
She took a course to improve her calligraphy skills.
她参加了一个课程来提高她的书法技能。
C1 noun dʒuːˈdɪʃ.ər.i

judiciary

司法权
Meaning
The judicial authorities of a country; the system of courts that interprets and applies the law.
Example
The judiciary ensures the rule of law.
司法权确保法治。
C1 noun /ˌæntiˈklaɪmæks/

anticlimax

反高潮
Meaning
A disappointing end after a big build-up of excitement or expectation.
Example
The movie's ending was an anticlimax after such a thrilling story.
电影的结局是一个反高潮，在如此激动人心的故事之后。
C1 noun ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs trəˈdɪʃənz

Indigenous Traditions

原住民传统
Meaning
Cultural practices, beliefs, and customs that have been passed down through generations among native peoples.
Example
Indigenous traditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts are unique.
吉大港山区的原住民传统独特。
C1 noun /ˈpoʊʃən/

potion

药水
Meaning
a liquid with healing, magical, or poisonous properties
Example
The witch gave the hero a healing potion.
女巫给了英雄一个治疗药水。
C1 adjective /dɪˈfɪʃənt/

Deficient

缺乏的
Meaning
not having enough of a specified quality or ingredient; lacking or inadequate
Example
His diet was deficient in essential vitamins.
他的饮食缺乏必需的维生素。
C1 verb /hɔːl/

haul

拖拉
Meaning
to pull or drag something heavy with effort
Example
The workers hauled the boxes into the truck.
工人们把箱子拖上了卡车。
C1 adjective /ˈməʊltən/

molten

熔化的
Meaning
Made into liquid by heat; melted.
Example
The blacksmith poured molten metal into the mold.
铁匠把熔化的金属倒入模具中。
C1 verb /ɪkˈstræpəleɪtɪŋ/

extrapolating

推断
Meaning
Extend the application of (a method or conclusion) to an unknown situation by assuming that existing trends will continue.
Example
Extrapolating from the current data, we can estimate the trends for next year.
根据当前数据进行推断，我们可以预测明年的趋势。
C1 adjective /ˈsɒnɪk/

sonic

音速的
Meaning
Relating to or involving sound waves or speed of sound.
Example
The jet created a loud boom when it broke the sonic barrier.
喷气机突破声速壁垒时发出了巨大的爆炸声。
C1 verb /riˈdʒɔɪn/

rejoin

重新加入
Meaning
to join again or return to a group, place, or activity
Example
After a short break, she decided to rejoin the team.
短暂休息后，她决定重新加入团队。