predicate
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C1 noun/verb /ˈprɛdɪkət/ (noun), /ˈprɛdɪkeɪt/ (verb)

predicate

Meaning
noun: the part of a sentence that tells something about the subject; verb: to base or establish something on a particular idea
Example
His theory is predicated on sound research.
C1 noun /ˈnjʊə.rəʊ.trænsˌmɪt.ərs/

neurotransmitters

Meaning
Chemical messengers that transmit signals across nerve synapses, affecting mood, behavior, and cognitive functions.
Example
Serotonin and dopamine are key neurotransmitters affecting mood.
C2 adverb /ˈɪntʃmiːl/

inchmeal

Meaning
Gradually, little by little.
Example
The old castle fell inchmeal into ruin.
B2 noun /ˈfʌndˌreɪzɪŋ/

fundraising

Meaning
the process of collecting money for a cause or project
Example
The organization is organizing a fundraising event.
C2 verb /ˈbæstərdaɪz/

bastardize

Meaning
to corrupt or debase something by altering it from its original form; to change in a way that reduces quality or purity
Example
Critics argue that the remake bastardized the original novel.
C1 adjective /ˈpær.ə.nɔɪd/

paranoid

Meaning
having an unreasonable fear or suspicion of others
Example
She became paranoid after hearing strange noises outside.
C1 noun /truːs/

truce

Meaning
An agreement between enemies or opponents to stop fighting for a certain time.
Example
The two countries agreed to a truce after weeks of intense fighting.
A2 adjective /ˈkʌlərfəl/

colorful

Meaning
having bright colors; full of variety or interest
Example
The festival was full of colorful decorations.
B1 noun ˌɒpəˈtjuːnɪtiz

opportunities

Meaning
A set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something; chances for advancement or success.
Example
Opportunities for jobs decreased.
C1 noun /ˌsɛrənˈdɪpɪti/

serendipity

Meaning
The occurrence of events by chance in a happy or beneficial way.
Example
Finding that old photo album was pure serendipity.
B2 adjective /ˈtræŋkwɪl/

tranquil

Meaning
Free from disturbance; calm and peaceful.
Example
A tranquil environment promotes relaxation and focus.
B2 verb /drɪp/

drip

Meaning
to fall or let fall in drops
Example
Water was dripping from the broken pipe.
C1 noun /kəmˈpəʊ.ʒər/

composure

Meaning
The state or feeling of being calm and in control of oneself.
Example
She maintained her composure during the interview.
B2 adjective /ɡrɪm/

grim

Meaning
very serious or gloomy in appearance or outlook
Example
The future looked grim after the disaster.
C1 noun /ˈæŋɡwɪʃ/

anguish

Meaning
Severe mental or physical pain or suffering.
Example
She was in deep anguish after hearing the tragic news.
C1 noun/verb /pɔːr/

pore

Meaning
As a noun: a tiny opening in the skin or surface. As a verb: to study something carefully.
Example
She pored over the documents for hours before making a decision.
C2 adjective /daɪˈɜːrnəl/

diurnal

Meaning
active during the day; occurring daily
Example
Most birds are diurnal creatures, active in daylight hours.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈsten.sɪv/

Extensive

Meaning
covering or affecting a large area; comprehensive; wide-ranging
Example
The company conducted extensive research before launching the new product.
B2 noun /bædʒ/

badge

Meaning
A small emblem or sign worn to show membership, authority, or achievement.
Example
The police officer showed his badge to identify himself.
A2 noun/verb /ˈsaɪkl/

cycle

Meaning
a series of events that repeat in the same order; or to ride a bicycle
Example
She cycles to school every day.
C1 adjective /ˌɑːpərˈtuːn/

opportune

Meaning
Happening at a suitable or convenient time.
Example
She arrived at an opportune moment to help.
B1 verb /ədˈmaɪər/

admire

Meaning
To respect, appreciate, or look up to someone or something.
Example
I really admire her dedication to education.
B2 noun /kʌlt/

cult

Meaning
a system of religious veneration and devotion directed toward a particular figure or object
Example
The cult followed their leader with great devotion.
C2 adjective /mɔːrˈdeɪʃəs/

mordacious

Meaning
Sharp or biting in style, tone, or remark; sarcastic.
Example
The critic’s mordacious review offended the author.
C1 adjective /ˈwɜːrkəbəl/

Workable

Meaning
capable of being done or put into effect; practical
Example
We need a workable solution to solve this problem quickly.
C1 adjective /dɪˈspɪkəbl/

despicable

Meaning
Deserving hatred and contempt; vile or shameful.
Example
His despicable actions shocked the entire community.
B2 noun /ˌep.ɪˈdem.ɪk/

Epidemic

Meaning
a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community
Example
The flu epidemic affected thousands of people across the country.
A1 adjective /ˈhʌŋɡri/

Hungry

Meaning
feeling the need for food; having a strong desire or craving
Example
I am very hungry after working all day.
C1 noun /njʊˈrɑːlədʒi/

neurology

Meaning
The branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the nervous system.
Example
She specializes in neurology and treats patients with brain diseases.
B2 preposition /əˈmɪd/

amid

Meaning
in the middle of or surrounded by something
Example
The team stayed calm amid the chaos.
C2 adjective /fjuːˈɡeɪʃəs/

fugacious

Meaning
Lasting only a short time; fleeting or ephemeral.
Example
Youth is beautiful but fugacious.
C2 verb /əˈdʌltəreɪt/

adulterate

Meaning
to make something poorer in quality by adding another substance, usually of lower quality
Example
The company was fined for adulterating its products with cheap chemicals.
B2 verb /əˈteɪn/

attain

Meaning
to achieve or reach something
Example
She worked hard to attain her goals.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈpɒpjʊlə/

unpopular

Meaning
not liked or supported by many people
Example
The decision was unpopular with the public.
C1 noun əˈtrɪʃ.ən

attrition

Meaning
The process of reducing something's strength or effectiveness through sustained attack or pressure.
Example
The company faced high employee attrition due to job dissatisfaction.
B2 adjective /əˈpəʊzd/

opposed

Meaning
being against or in disagreement with something
Example
She is strongly opposed to animal testing.
B2 adverb /ˈʌltəmətli/

ultimately

Meaning
in the end, after everything else
Example
Ultimately, we decided to go ahead with the project.
C2 noun /ˌtɜːsənˈtɛnəri/

tercentenary

Meaning
The 300th anniversary of an event.
Example
The city celebrated its tercentenary with a grand festival.
B2 noun ˈɪnər strɛŋkθ

inner strength

Meaning
Mental or spiritual power that helps a person cope with difficulties.
Example
Community service fosters inner strength in individuals.
B2 noun /ˈlɛtɪs/

lettuce

Meaning
a leafy green vegetable commonly used in salads and sandwiches
Example
She added fresh lettuce to the sandwich.
C1 adjective /ˈɛərˌtaɪt/

airtight

Meaning
Completely sealed so that no air can get in or out.
Example
Store the cookies in an airtight container to keep them fresh.
C2 noun /mæŋˈɡoʊ.li.ə/

Mangolia

Meaning
a type of flowering tree with large, fragrant pink or white flowers
Example
The beautiful magnolia tree bloomed in spring with pink flowers.
A1 adjective /smɔːl/

Small

Meaning
little in size; not large; limited in extent or amount
Example
She lives in a small apartment near the university.
C1 noun /dʒɛˈsteɪʃən/

gestation

Meaning
the process of carrying or being carried in the womb between conception and birth; the development of an idea or plan
Example
The gestation period of an elephant is nearly two years.
C1 noun /ˌpærəfəˈneɪliə/

paraphernalia

Meaning
Miscellaneous articles, especially equipment needed for a particular activity.
Example
The fisherman carried all his fishing paraphernalia in a large box.
C2 noun /pɛlf/

pelf

Meaning
Money, especially when gained dishonorably.
Example
The corrupt official was motivated only by pelf.
C2 adjective /ˈmjuːlɪʃ/

mulish

Meaning
extremely stubborn or unwilling to change
Example
She remained mulish despite all the convincing arguments.
C1 noun /ˈdʊr.i.ən/

Durian

Meaning
a large spiky tropical fruit known for its strong smell and creamy custard-like flesh
Example
Durian is known as the king of fruits in Southeast Asia despite its pungent odor.
C1 verb /ˌmɪsˈmænɪdʒ/

mismanage

Meaning
to handle or control something badly or inefficiently
Example
The company went bankrupt because it was mismanaged for years.
C1 adjective /ˈærəbəl/

arable

Meaning
suitable for growing crops or farming
Example
The farmer purchased arable land to expand his crops.
C2 noun ˌsɜːkəmˈspekʃən

circumspection

Meaning
The quality of being wary and unwilling to take risks; prudence.
Example
His circumspection ensured no mistakes were made.
B2 noun ˈtempəreri ˈsetlmənts

temporary settlements

Meaning
Short-term or provisional housing or living arrangements.
Example
Temporary settlements will aid lunar exploration.
B2 adjective /kəmˈpʌlsəri/

compulsory

Meaning
Required by law or a rule; obligatory.
Example
Wearing seat belts is compulsory in most countries.
B1 verb /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/

identify

Meaning
to recognize; to establish who someone is
Example
Can you identify the suspect?
C1 noun /kənˈstɪtʃuənsi/

constituency

Meaning
A geographical area whose residents elect a representative to a legislative body.
Example
She campaigned tirelessly across her constituency.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪskəs/

viscous

Meaning
Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid.
Example
Honey is a viscous liquid that flows slowly.
B2 adjective /ˈtrɒp.ɪ.kəl/

tropical

Meaning
Relating to the tropics; characterized by hot and humid climate.
Example
The Amazon rainforest is home to many tropical species.
B2 adjective /ˈbɪtər/

Bitter

Meaning
having a sharp, pungent taste; feeling or showing anger and disappointment
Example
The medicine had a bitter taste.
B1 noun ɪmˈplɔɪmənt

employment

Meaning
The condition of having paid work; the action of giving work to someone.
Example
Employment was limited to Urdu speakers.
B1 noun /trʌŋk/

Trunk

Meaning
a large box or chest, typically used for storage or travel
Example
She packed her clothes in the trunk.
B2 noun /ˈkæp.tɪv/

Captive

Meaning
a person who has been taken prisoner or an animal that has been confined
Example
The captive was held in a small cell for several months.
A1 noun /ˈθaʊzənd/

thousand

Meaning
the number equal to 10 hundred or 1,000
Example
There were a thousand people at the concert.
C2 adjective /mæɡˈnæn.ɪ.məs/

magnanimous

Meaning
Very kind and generous, especially towards a rival or someone less powerful than oneself.
Example
His magnanimous nature made him respected by all.
C1 noun /ˈæpərtʃər/

aperture

Meaning
an opening, hole, or gap, especially one that lets in light
Example
Light entered through the small aperture in the wall.
C1 noun ænˈtɪk.wə.ti

antiquity

Meaning
The ancient past, especially the period of classical and other human civilizations before the Middle Ages.
Example
The ruins are a reminder of the city's antiquity.
A2 adjective /ˈkreɪzi/

Crazy

Meaning
mentally ill; extremely foolish; wildly enthusiastic about something
Example
That's a crazy idea, but it might just work.
C2 noun /ˈbɒnəmi/

bonhomie

Meaning
Cheerful friendliness and geniality.
Example
The meeting was filled with laughter and bonhomie.
B2 noun /ˌreɡ.jʊˈleɪ.ʃənz/

regulations

Meaning
Rules or directives made and maintained by an authority.
Example
Strict regulations ensure fair practices.
B2 verb ɪnˈhɑːnst

enhanced

Meaning
Intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of something.
Example
Enhanced strategies improve outcomes.
C2 verb /ˈnuːkliˌeɪt/

nucleate

Meaning
to form into a nucleus or bring together into a central part
Example
The droplets began to nucleate around tiny particles in the air.
B2 verb /maʊnt/

mount

Meaning
to climb up, rise, or fix something in place
Example
They plan to mount a camera on the wall.
B2 noun /ˈhæn.di.krɑːft/

Handicraft

Meaning
an activity involving the making of decorative domestic or other objects with the hands; handmade artistic work
Example
The local market featured beautiful handicrafts made by skilled artisans from the region.
B2 noun, verb /ˈblækmeɪl/

blackmail

Meaning
the act of demanding money or advantage by threatening to reveal secrets; to force someone to act by using such threats
Example
He tried to blackmail her by threatening to reveal the documents.
C1 noun /ˌtæm.bəˈriːn/

Tambourine

Meaning
a small drum with metal discs around the edge that jingle when shaken or hit
Example
She shook the tambourine to the rhythm of the music.
C2 adjective /ˈreɪ.moʊs/

ramose

Meaning
having many branches.
Example
The ramose tree shaded the entire garden.
C2 noun /ˈhɪl.sə fɪʃ/

Hilsa fish

Meaning
a popular fish species found in South Asian rivers, especially prized in Bengali cuisine
Example
Hilsa fish is considered a delicacy in Bengali culture.
B2 verb /ɪnˈtriːɡ/

intrigue

Meaning
to arouse curiosity or interest; to make someone fascinated
Example
The mystery novel will intrigue any reader.
C1 adjective rɪˈlɛntləs

relentless

Meaning
Oppressively constant; incessant; showing no abatement of severity, intensity, strength, or pace.
Example
The freedom fighters' relentless struggle led to victory.
B2 adjective /ˈθret.ən.ɪŋ/

Threatening

Meaning
expressing a threat; menacing; intimidating
Example
The dark clouds looked threatening before the storm.
C1 adjective /rɪˈmiːdiəl/

Remedial

Meaning
intended as a remedy; corrective; providing a cure;
Example
The students need remedial classes to improve their math skills.
C1 adjective /səˈriːn/

serene

Meaning
Calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
Example
The lake had a serene and peaceful atmosphere.
C2 adjective /ˈrɛkənˌsaɪləbl̩/

reconcilable

Meaning
Capable of being resolved or made consistent.
Example
Their differences are reconcilable with honest communication.
B2 noun /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/

exhaustion

Meaning
A state of extreme physical or mental fatigue.
Example
Chronic exhaustion can lead to burnout and decreased productivity.
C1 noun ˌlɪb.ərˈeɪ.ʃən

liberation

Meaning
The action of setting someone free from imprisonment, slavery, or oppression; release.
Example
Liberation movements inspired many countries.
B2 adjective /ˈmænɪdʒəbəl/

Manageable

Meaning
able to be controlled or dealt with; feasible
Example
The workload is manageable if we plan properly.
A2 noun /ˈbʊkʃɒp/

bookshop

Meaning
a retail store where books are sold
Example
She spent an hour browsing in the small bookshop.
A1 verb /kʌm/

come

Meaning
to move toward a place; to arrive at a place
Example
Please come to my birthday party.
C1 verb, noun /lɜːrtʃ/

lurch

Meaning
to make an abrupt, unsteady, or uncontrolled movement; a sudden movement or stagger
Example
The bus lurched forward as the driver hit the brakes.
C2 noun /ɡænˈdʒɛtɪk liːf fɪʃ/

Gangetic Leaf Fish

Meaning
a small freshwater fish species found in the Ganges river system, known for its leaf-like appearance
Example
The Gangetic Leaf Fish is commonly found in the rivers of Bangladesh.
C1 noun /ˈnɑːrsɪsɪst/

narcissist

Meaning
A person who has an excessive interest in or admiration of themselves.
Example
Everyone avoided him because he was a narcissist.
B2 adjective /ɪˈkwɪv.ə.lənt/

Equivalent

Meaning
equal in value, amount, function, or meaning; having the same effect or result
Example
This amount is equivalent to ten dollars.
C1 noun ˈkɑːr.bən ˌsiː.kwəˈstreɪ.ʃən

carbon sequestration

Meaning
The process of capture and long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide to mitigate or defer global warming.
Example
Forests play a key role in carbon sequestration.
C1 noun /moʊt/

moat

Meaning
A deep, wide ditch surrounding a castle or town, often filled with water, for defense.
Example
The castle was protected by a wide moat filled with water.
B2 adjective + noun æmˈbɪʃəs ɪnˈdevər

ambitious endeavor

Meaning
A bold and determined attempt to achieve something challenging.
Example
Artemis is an ambitious endeavor in space exploration.
A1 noun/verb /pɛn/

pen

Meaning
A writing instrument using ink; also, to write something.
Example
She used a pen to sign the document.
B2 noun /ˌɔːtəbaɪˈɒɡrəfi/

autobiography

Meaning
An account of a person's life written by that person.
Example
She published an autobiography about her journey to success.
C1 noun /plʊəˈrælɪti/

plurality

Meaning
the state of being multiple; the greater part or majority
Example
In the election, she won by a plurality of votes.
C1 verb /weɪv/

waive

Meaning
to refrain from insisting on or enforcing something, especially a right or claim
Example
She decided to waive her right to a lawyer.
A2 noun /ˈmænɪdʒər/

manager

Meaning
a person responsible for controlling or administering an organization or group of staff
Example
The manager approved the new project plan.
C2 noun /ˈkæm.fər/

Camphor

Meaning
a white crystalline substance with a strong aromatic smell, used in medicine and religious ceremonies
Example
The temple was filled with the fragrant smoke of burning camphor.
B2 adverb /ɪkˈsplɪsɪtli/

explicitly

Meaning
in a clear and detailed manner, leaving no room for confusion or doubt
Example
The instructions were explicitly written to avoid any confusion.
A2 verb /ˈriːəlaɪz/

realize

Meaning
to become aware of; to understand clearly; to achieve or make real
Example
I didn't realize how late it was until I checked the clock.
B2 adjective ˈel.ɪ.dʒə.bəl

eligible

Meaning
Having the right to do or obtain something through satisfaction of the appropriate conditions.
Example
Only eligible candidates are considered for appointments.
B2 noun /ɡler/

Glare

Meaning
a fierce or angry stare; a strong and dazzling light
Example
The teacher's stern glare silenced the noisy students immediately.
A2 adjective /mɪˈstɪə.ri.əs/

mysterious

Meaning
Difficult or impossible to understand, explain, or identify.
Example
The deep sea remains one of the most mysterious places on Earth.
B2 noun /fliːt/

fleet

Meaning
a group of ships, vehicles, or aircraft operating together under one command
Example
The navy deployed its entire fleet for the exercise.
A1 noun /lɛɡ/

leg

Meaning
one of the limbs on which a person or animal walks and stands
Example
He injured his leg while playing football.
C2 adjective /ˌsɒfəˈmɒrɪk/

sophomoric

Meaning
showing immaturity and overconfidence, like a sophomore
Example
His sophomoric behavior embarrassed his friends.
C2 verb /ˈstɪp.əl/

stipple

Meaning
to cover a surface with numerous small dots or specks, often in drawing or painting
Example
The artist stippled the canvas to create a textured effect.
B2 adjective /aʊtˈreɪdʒəs/

outrageous

Meaning
Shockingly bad or excessive; very unusual or amusing.
Example
The comedian told an outrageous joke.
B2 noun /kæf/

Calf

Meaning
a young cow or bull; young of various large mammals
Example
The calf stayed close to its mother.
C1 verb /ɪˈvɪkt/

evict

Meaning
To expel someone from a property, usually by legal process.
Example
The landlord decided to evict the tenants for not paying rent.
C2 noun /bɪˈhiː.mɒθ/

behemoth

Meaning
Something enormous, especially a large and powerful organization.
Example
The company grew into a corporate behemoth.
C2 adjective /dɪˈsɛnʃəs/

dissentious

Meaning
Causing or likely to cause disagreement and conflict.
Example
His dissentious remarks divided the group further.
B2 noun /flɔː/

flaw

Meaning
a defect or imperfection in something
Example
The diamond had a small flaw that was barely visible.
C2 noun /ˈswɑːvɪti/

suavity

Meaning
smoothness and charm in manner
Example
His suavity made him popular in social gatherings.
B2 noun /ˈlænd.fɪl/

landfill

Meaning
a site where waste material is buried under the ground
Example
The city built a new landfill to manage its growing waste problem.
B2 noun /ˈɡræfɪks/

graphics

Meaning
visual images, designs, or drawings used to convey information or artistic expression
Example
The website uses stunning graphics to attract visitors.
B2 adverb /əˈfɪʃəli/

officially

Meaning
in a formal or authorized way
Example
The building was officially opened by the mayor.
C1 adjective /ˈvæljənt/

Valiant

Meaning
showing courage or determination; brave and heroic
Example
The valiant soldier fought bravely to protect his country.
B2 adjective /keɪˈɒtɪk/

Chaotic

Meaning
in a state of complete confusion and disorder
Example
The situation became chaotic after the announcement.