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B2 noun /ˈfæbrɪk/

fabric

Meaning
Cloth or material produced by weaving or knitting fibers.
Example
The tailor used silk fabric to make the dress.
B2 adjective /fræŋk/

Frank

Meaning
honest; open; straightforward; candid
Example
She gave me a frank opinion about my presentation.
B1 noun /θʌm/

Thumb

Meaning
the short thick finger of the human hand
Example
She gave me a thumbs up to show her approval.
A2 noun,verb /kɔːrt/

court

Meaning
a place where legal cases are heard or to seek favor or attention
Example
He courted the judge with respect.
C1 verb /skɪmp/

skimp

Meaning
to use less of something than is necessary in order to save money or effort
Example
Don’t skimp on quality when buying a new laptop.
C2 adjective /ˈæsənənt/

assonant

Meaning
Having or characterized by assonance; repeating similar vowel sounds.
Example
The poem is filled with assonant words that create a musical rhythm.
B2 noun /hɜːb/ (US) /hɜːb/ or /ɜːb/

herb

Meaning
a plant used for flavoring food, medicine, or perfume
Example
Basil is a popular herb used in Italian cuisine.
A1 noun /ˈwɪmən/

woman

Meaning
an adult human female
Example
The woman at the counter helped me.
C2 verb /əˈɡræn.daɪz/

aggrandize

Meaning
To increase the power, wealth, or importance of a person or entity.
Example
The politician tried to aggrandize himself through exaggerated claims.
A2 noun /ˈdeɪ.tə/

Data

Meaning
facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis; information in digital form
Example
Scientists analyzed the data from thousands of experiments to reach their conclusion.
B1 adjective /ˈtʃaɪl.dɪʃ/

Childish

Meaning
immature and silly; behaving in a way that is typical of a child but inappropriate for an adult
Example
His childish behavior during the meeting was quite embarrassing.
C1 adjective /miːk/

Meek

Meaning
gentle and submissive; humble; patient
Example
Despite his power, he remained meek and humble.
C2 adjective /ˈnʌpʃəl/

nuptial

Meaning
Relating to marriage or weddings.
Example
The couple prepared for their nuptial ceremony with great joy.
C2 adjective /ˈplændʒənt/

plangent

Meaning
having a loud, mournful sound; resonant
Example
The plangent toll of the church bell echoed through the village.
B2 noun /ˌbɛnɪˈfɪʃəri/

beneficiary

Meaning
a person who receives something, especially money or property, from a will or insurance policy
Example
She is the sole beneficiary of her father’s estate.
C2 noun /ˈpraɪəri/

priory

Meaning
a small monastery or convent governed by a prior or prioress
Example
The old priory was converted into a museum.
B2 verb /ˈjuːtɪlaɪz/

utilize

Meaning
to make practical or effective use of something
Example
The company aims to utilize solar energy for production.
C2 noun /ˈæntɪˌtʃeɪmbər/

antechamber

Meaning
a small room serving as an entry to a larger one
Example
The guests waited in the antechamber before being admitted to the hall.
C1 noun /jiːld ˌɒptɪmaɪˈzeɪʃən/

yield optimization

Meaning
The process of maximizing the productivity or efficiency of crop production through various agricultural techniques and practices.
Example
Yield optimization techniques can significantly improve crop production.
C1 noun /vərˈnækjələr/

vernacular

Meaning
the language or dialect spoken by ordinary people in a particular region
Example
He gave his speech in the local vernacular so everyone could understand.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæl.ɪ.breɪt/

recalibrate

Meaning
To calibrate again or differently; to adjust or correct something based on new information or changed circumstances.
Example
The company had to recalibrate its strategies to adapt to the market.
B2 noun /ˈlɛtɪs/

lettuce

Meaning
a leafy green vegetable commonly used in salads and sandwiches
Example
She added fresh lettuce to the sandwich.
C2 verb /trænzˈmjuːt/

transmute

Meaning
to change in form, nature, or substance
Example
Alchemy aimed to transmute lead into gold.
B2 adjective, noun /ədˈvaɪzəri/

advisory

Meaning
(adjective) having the power to give advice but not to make sure that it is followed; (noun) an official announcement containing information or a warning
Example
The committee serves in an advisory capacity to the board of directors.
B2 noun /ˈtæk.tɪk/

Tactic

Meaning
a plan or method for achieving something; a strategy used to accomplish a goal
Example
The coach used a new tactic to win the game.
A2 noun /ˈmæstər/

Master

Meaning
A skilled practitioner of a particular art or activity; a teacher or expert
Example
Leonardo da Vinci was a master of both painting and sculpture.
B2 noun ˌkɒn.ekˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

connectivity

Meaning
The state of being connected or interconnected; the capacity for the interconnection of platforms, systems, and applications.
Example
Improved connectivity boosts economic development.
B1 noun /ˈeə.rə.pleɪn/

Aeroplane

Meaning
a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings and a weight greater than that of the air it displaces
Example
The aeroplane took off smoothly from the airport runway.
C1 adverb /ˌkɒnfɪˈdenʃəli/

Confidentially

Meaning
in a confidential manner; secretly; privately
Example
The information was shared confidentially between the two managers.
C1 adjective /ˈpɒp.jʊ.ləs/

Populous

Meaning
having a large population; densely populated; crowded with people
Example
China is the most populous country in the world.
C2 noun /ˌprɪnsɪˈpæləti/

principality

Meaning
a state ruled by a prince
Example
Monaco is a famous principality in Europe.
B1 adjective /ˈkɒn.stənt/

Constant

Meaning
occurring continuously over a period of time; unchanging; steady
Example
The machine runs at a constant speed.
C2 adjective /ˈmɔːrdənt/

mordant

Meaning
Having a sharp, critical, or biting quality; especially in humor.
Example
Her mordant wit often left her friends speechless.
A2 noun /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

understanding

Meaning
the ability to grasp the meaning, significance, or nature of something
Example
Her understanding of the issue was impressive.
B2 noun, adjective /hjuːˌmænɪˈtɛəriən/

humanitarian

Meaning
A person who seeks to promote human welfare, or something relating to human welfare and compassion.
Example
The organization provides humanitarian aid to disaster victims.
B2 noun /spɑːrk/

Spark

Meaning
a small fiery particle thrown off from a fire; a flash of light; something that triggers or initiates
Example
A spark from the campfire ignited the dry leaves.
B2 verb /dɪˈfaɪ/

defy

Meaning
to openly resist or refuse to obey someone or something; to challenge or dare someone to do something
Example
The protesters continued to defy the government's ban on public gatherings.
C2 noun /ˈhænd ˌrɪŋɪŋ/

hand-wringing

Meaning
excessive worry or concern expressed in a visible or dramatic way.
Example
There was much hand-wringing over the political crisis.
C1 noun /ɪnˈkɜːrʒən/

incursion

Meaning
A sudden attack or invasion into a place or territory.
Example
The army repelled the enemy incursion at the border.
C1 noun /pɔl/

Pall

Meaning
a cloth spread over a coffin; a dark covering that creates a gloomy atmosphere
Example
A pall of smoke hung over the burning building.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtrɛpɪd/

intrepid

Meaning
fearless and adventurous, often used humorously
Example
The intrepid traveler explored the jungle alone.
C2 adjective /ɪˈlɪmɪtəbl/

illimitable

Meaning
Without limits or bounds.
Example
The universe is often described as illimitable.
C2 verb /həˈmɑː.dʒə.naɪz/

homogenize

Meaning
To make uniform or similar by blending or mixing different elements.
Example
The company tried to homogenize its products across global markets.
C2 verb /ˌdɪsəˈvaʊ/

disavow

Meaning
to deny responsibility for or connection with something
Example
He disavowed any involvement in the scandal.
C2 adjective/noun /ˌhaɪərəˈɡlɪfɪk/

hieroglyphic

Meaning
Relating to or written in hieroglyphs; symbols or writing that is difficult to understand.
Example
The archaeologists studied the hieroglyphic inscriptions carefully.
C1 adjective ɪkˈskwɪzɪt

exquisite

Meaning
Extremely beautiful and delicate.
Example
The exquisite craftsmanship of the watch made it a collector's item.
C2 adjective /ˈvɑːlətɪv/

volitive

Meaning
Relating to the will or the exercise of the will.
Example
The treaty was signed under volitive agreement between both nations.
B2 adjective /veɪɡ/

Vague

Meaning
unclear or uncertain in meaning; not clearly expressed
Example
His explanation was too vague for me to understand.
C2 adjective /ɑːrˈθʊr.i.ən/

arthurian

Meaning
Relating to the legendary King Arthur and the stories surrounding him.
Example
The novel is set in an Arthurian world of knights and castles.
B2 noun ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk ɪˈvents

catastrophic events

Meaning
Extremely destructive or damaging events that cause widespread devastation.
Example
Cyclones are catastrophic events in Bangladesh.
A2 noun /ˈɪlnəs/

illness

Meaning
A condition of being unwell or suffering from a disease.
Example
She missed school due to a serious illness.
C2 noun /raɪm/

rime

Meaning
frost formed on cold surfaces by freezing water vapor
Example
The trees were covered with a white rime after the cold night.
C2 noun /ˈhɔɪdən/

hoyden

Meaning
a boisterous or tomboyish girl
Example
The hoyden preferred climbing trees to playing with dolls.
C1 noun dɪˈspær.ə.ti

disparity

Meaning
A great difference or inequality.
Example
Disparity between countries must be reduced.
C1 noun /ˌbɪbliˈɒɡrəfi/

bibliography

Meaning
a list of books, articles, or other sources used or referred to in scholarly work
Example
The report includes a detailed bibliography at the end.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈbiːtən/

Unbeaten

Meaning
not defeated; having never lost; undefeated
Example
The team remains unbeaten this season.
B2 noun ˈtraɪəmf

triumph

Meaning
A great victory or achievement.
Example
The novel is considered one of Dickens' greatest triumphs.
C1 verb /rɪɡ/

rig

Meaning
to manipulate or control something dishonestly; to set up equipment
Example
The election was rigged by corrupt officials.
A2 adjective /ˈɑp.ə.zɪt/

Opposite

Meaning
Contrary; completely different; facing each other; reverse;
Example
They have opposite views on politics but remain good friends.
C1 noun /ˈtʃʌk.əl/

Chuckle

Meaning
a quiet or suppressed laugh; to laugh quietly or with amusement
Example
He gave a soft chuckle when he heard the funny joke.
B2 noun /ɪmˈbærəsmənt/

embarrassment

Meaning
a feeling of self-consciousness, shame, or awkwardness
Example
Her face turned red with embarrassment after the mistake.
A2 noun /ˈpɜːr.pəl/

Purple

Meaning
a color intermediate between red and blue; violet color
Example
The purple flowers bloomed beautifully in the garden.
C1 noun /ˈtrɛʒərər/

treasurer

Meaning
a person responsible for managing the financial affairs of an organization
Example
The treasurer presented the annual financial report.
C1 noun /ˌdɪspɛnˈseɪʃən/

dispensation

Meaning
An exemption from a rule or usual requirement; a system of order, government, or control.
Example
The school granted him a special dispensation to skip the exam due to illness.
A1 noun /ˈtiːˈviː/

tv

Meaning
a device used to receive television broadcasts
Example
I watch my favorite shows on TV every evening.
B1 adjective /ˈʌpər/

upper

Meaning
higher in position or rank
Example
The upper floor of the building is under renovation.
A2 noun /ˈɛləˌveɪtər/

elevator

Meaning
a machine that carries people or goods up and down between floors in a building
Example
We took the elevator to the tenth floor.
C2 adjective /ˈpliːnəri/

plenary

Meaning
complete in every way; fully attended or absolute
Example
The committee held a plenary session to discuss all matters of importance.
B2 noun /ˈleɪzər/

laser

Meaning
a device that emits a concentrated beam of light
Example
The doctor used a laser to perform eye surgery.
C1 verb /ˈflʌtər/

flutter

Meaning
to move or flap quickly and lightly; to beat or wave with small rapid motions
Example
The butterfly began to flutter its wings in the sunlight.
B1 verb /ˈɒpəreɪt/

operate

Meaning
to function; to control or manage; to perform surgery
Example
The surgeon will operate on the patient tomorrow.
C2 adjective /flɛgˈmæt.ɪk/

phlegmatic

Meaning
having an unemotional and stolidly calm disposition
Example
Despite the chaos, he remained phlegmatic and composed.
C2 noun /mjuːˈlætoʊ/

mulatto

Meaning
an outdated and now offensive term historically used to describe a person of mixed white and Black ancestry
Example
The word 'mulatto' is now considered outdated and offensive.
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪkəl/

satirical

Meaning
containing or using satire to criticize or mock
Example
The satirical cartoon mocked the government's new policy.
B2 verb /əˈkʌmplɪʃ/

accomplish

Meaning
to achieve or complete successfully
Example
She managed to accomplish all her goals for the year.
C2 noun /bɜːrˈlɛsk/

burlesque

Meaning
A humorous and exaggerated imitation of a serious work; a type of theatrical entertainment involving comedy and parody.
Example
The play was a clever burlesque of traditional opera.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪ.si/

racy

Meaning
Lively, entertaining, or slightly shocking (especially in a sexual way).
Example
The novel was full of racy dialogues.
C2 verb /ˈɪməleɪt/

immolate

Meaning
To kill or sacrifice, especially by burning.
Example
The protesters threatened to immolate themselves in front of the building.
C1 adjective /ˌsɛlf ˈraɪtʃəs/

self-righteous

Meaning
Having or showing an attitude of moral superiority; believing one’s own beliefs are the only right ones.
Example
His self-righteous comments made everyone uncomfortable.
C1 noun /ˈɪnflʌks/

influx

Meaning
A large arrival or flow of people or things.
Example
The city experienced an influx of tourists during the festival.
C2 verb /dɒf/

doff

Meaning
to take off an item of clothing, especially a hat, as a sign of respect
Example
He doffed his hat as the procession passed.
A2 adjective /ˈtaɪ.di/

Tidy

Meaning
arranged neatly and in order; clean and organized
Example
She keeps her room very tidy and organized.
C2 noun /sfɪˈrɒmɪtər/

spherometer

Meaning
An instrument used for measuring the curvature of spherical surfaces.
Example
The scientist used a spherometer to measure the lens curvature.
B1 noun /kriˈeɪ.ʃənz/

creations

Meaning
Things that have been created, especially works of art or imaginative works.
Example
His creations astonished the world.
C2 verb /ˈblʌstər/

bluster

Meaning
to speak loudly in an aggressive or threatening way, often without real power
Example
The manager blustered about firing people but did nothing.
C1 noun /ˌvəʊ.kəl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

vocalization

Meaning
The action of producing sounds with the voice; the expression of thoughts or feelings in spoken words.
Example
The vocalization of the singer captivated the audience.
A2 noun dɪˈveləpmənt

development

Meaning
The process of developing or being developed; growth or progress.
Example
Development of Bengali society was hindered.
C1 noun /ɪˈvændʒəlɪst/

evangelist

Meaning
A person who seeks to convert others to the Christian faith, especially by public preaching.
Example
The evangelist traveled across the country spreading his message.
C2 noun /ˈpɒntɪf/

pontiff

Meaning
the pope or a high-ranking bishop in the Christian church
Example
The pontiff addressed the nation in a televised speech.
C1 noun /ˈmɒn.ə.təʊn/

monotone

Meaning
A continuous sound, especially of a person's voice, that does not rise and fall in pitch.
Example
The teacher's monotone made the lecture hard to follow.
A1 noun/verb /ˈraɪ.tɪŋ/

writing

Meaning
The activity of putting words on paper or composing text; the written form of communication.
Example
She spends hours every day on her creative writing.
B1 noun kəˈmɪt.i

committee

Meaning
A group of people appointed for a specific function by a larger group.
Example
A 65-member committee was formed.
A2 adverb /ˈsʌm.haʊ/

Somehow

Meaning
in some way; for some reason that is not clear
Example
Somehow, I managed to finish the project on time.
C1 adjective /kəˈθɑːr.tɪk/

cathartic

Meaning
Providing psychological relief through the open expression of strong emotions.
Example
Writing about emotions can be a cathartic experience.
B2 noun /ˈstrʌk.tʃərz/

structures

Meaning
Buildings or other objects constructed from several parts.
Example
The region has ancient structures.
B2 adjective ɪkˈsep.ʃən.əl

exceptional

Meaning
Unusually good; outstanding; forming an exception; not typical.
Example
Exceptional talent drives innovation.
C1 noun /əˈlɒt.mənt/

allotment

Meaning
The distribution or allocation of something, especially resources or portions.
Example
Each department received an allotment of resources.
C1 noun ˈsɒv.rɪn.ti

sovereignty

Meaning
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; supreme power or authority.
Example
Sovereignty is essential for a nation's identity.
B2 noun /ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/

reproduction

Meaning
The process of producing offspring; the act of copying or duplicating.
Example
The textbook included a detailed diagram of human reproduction.
B2 noun /biːt/

Beet

Meaning
a plant with a round dark red root that is eaten as a vegetable
Example
Roasted beet with goat cheese makes a delicious salad.
B2 adjective /bɪˈliːvəbl̩/

believable

Meaning
Able to be trusted or accepted as true or reasonable.
Example
Her story was so detailed that it sounded believable.
B1 noun /fəˈsɪl.ɪ.ti/

facility

Meaning
A place, amenity, or piece of equipment provided for a particular purpose.
Example
The facility was well-maintained.
B2 noun /ˈɒkjʊpənt/

occupant

Meaning
A person who resides in or is present in a house, vehicle, seat, or place.
Example
The car had three occupants at the time of the accident.
C1 noun /ˈrʌmpəs/

Rumpus

Meaning
a noisy disturbance; an uproar or commotion
Example
The children caused quite a rumpus in the playground.
C2 noun /ˈfɜːrlɔːŋ/

furlong

Meaning
a unit of distance equal to 220 yards or about 201 meters
Example
The horse ran a furlong before slowing down.
A2 noun /ˈeər kənˈdɪʃ.ən.ər/

Air conditioner

Meaning
a system that controls the temperature, humidity, and air quality in a building or room
Example
We turned on the air conditioner because it was too hot outside.
C2 adjective /ˈrɛd.ələnt/

redolent

Meaning
having a strong pleasant smell; strongly reminiscent or suggestive of something
Example
The kitchen was redolent of spices and fresh herbs.
B2 noun ˌtrænsfərˈmeɪʃən

transformation

Meaning
A thorough or dramatic change in form, appearance, or character; a complete alteration or evolution.
Example
Digital literacy leads to economic transformation.
A2 noun /siːt/

seat

Meaning
a place to sit, especially a chair or other place for sitting
Example
I reserved a seat for you at the concert.
C2 verb /poʊˈtɛnʃiˌeɪt/

potentiate

Meaning
To increase the power, effect, or likelihood of something.
Example
Caffeine can potentiate the effects of some medicines.
C1 noun ˌɪn.toʊˈneɪ.ʃən

intonation

Meaning
The rise and fall of tone in speech and pronunciation.
Example
Proper intonation enhances the clarity of a speech.
C1 noun /ˌvaɪ.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

viability

Meaning
Ability to work successfully; feasibility.
Example
The viability of the project depends on funding.
C1 verb /ɪnˈvɪɡ.ər.eɪt/

invigorate

Meaning
To give strength or energy to someone or something.
Example
A morning walk can invigorate both body and mind.
C2 noun /ˈɔːrzmən/

Oarsman

Meaning
a person who rows a boat, especially as a member of a racing crew
Example
The experienced oarsman rowed the boat across the river.
C1 verb /ˈɔːstrəˌsaɪz/

ostracize

Meaning
to exclude someone from a group or society; to banish or shun
Example
After the scandal, he was ostracized by his former colleagues.
C1 verb /ˈbruːtəlaɪz/

brutalize

Meaning
to treat someone with extreme violence or cruelty; to make something harsh or cruel
Example
The regime was accused of brutalizing innocent civilians.
C2 verb /əˈbɛt/

abet

Meaning
to encourage or assist someone to commit a crime or wrongdoing
Example
He was accused of abetting the criminals in their escape.
B1 noun /ˈker.ləs.nəs/

Carelessness

Meaning
failure to give sufficient attention to avoiding harm or errors
Example
His carelessness with money led to serious financial problems.
B2 noun /ˈbærəl/

barrel

Meaning
a large cylindrical container used to hold liquids
Example
The wine was stored in a wooden barrel.
B2 noun /ˈek.oʊ/

Echo

Meaning
a sound that is reflected back; a repetition or imitation
Example
His voice created a clear echo in the empty cathedral.
C2 noun /ˈsɪlədʒɪzəm/

syllogism

Meaning
A form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from two given or assumed premises.
Example
The philosopher explained the concept of syllogism using simple examples.