Angular
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C1 adjective /ˈæŋ.ɡjə.lər/

Angular

Meaning
having sharp corners or edges; relating to angles
Example
The building has an angular design with sharp corners.
B2 noun /ɑːrˈkeɪd/

arcade

Meaning
a covered passage with arches along one or both sides; also a place with coin-operated games
Example
The children spent the afternoon playing games at the arcade.
B1 noun /əˈtʃiːvmənt/

achievement

Meaning
Something that has been successfully completed or accomplished through effort or skill.
Example
Graduating from university was her greatest achievement.
B1 adverb /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

Absolutely

Meaning
completely; totally; without exception
Example
I absolutely agree with your decision.
B2 noun ˌæl.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃənz

allegations

Meaning
Claims or assertions that someone has done something illegal or wrong, typically without proof.
Example
The allegations were investigated by an international body.
C2 noun /ˈænɪməs/

animus

Meaning
A strong feeling of hostility; motivation or purpose behind an action.
Example
His speech was driven by animus against the policy.
C2 verb /əˈfaɪəns/

affiance

Meaning
to promise or pledge marriage; to formally engage
Example
They decided to affiance after years of friendship.
C1 noun /ˈæbsɛs/

abscess

Meaning
A swollen area within body tissue containing pus, usually caused by infection.
Example
The dentist treated the abscess in his tooth.
B2 verb /ədˈmɪnɪstər/

administer

Meaning
to manage or control the running of; to give or apply medicine or treatment
Example
The nurse will administer the vaccine to all patients.
C2 noun /əˈspær.ə.ɡəs biːn/

Asparagus bean

Meaning
a long, thin green vegetable pod that grows on vines; also known as yard-long bean
Example
The asparagus bean grows up to three feet long and is commonly used in Asian cooking.
B1 verb /əˈsɪst/

assist

Meaning
to help or support someone in doing something
Example
The nurse will assist the doctor during the surgery.
B2 adjective /ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs/

Advantageous

Meaning
beneficial; favorable; profitable
Example
This position offers advantageous opportunities for career growth.
B1 noun /əˈfek.ʃən/

Affection

Meaning
a feeling of liking or caring for someone or something
Example
She has deep affection for her grandmother.
A2 verb əˈnaʊnst

announced

Meaning
To make a public and typically formal declaration about a fact, occurrence, or intention.
Example
The mission was announced publicly.
B2 adverb /əˈlɛdʒɪdli/

allegedly

Meaning
used to say that something is claimed to be true, though not proven
Example
He was allegedly involved in the robbery.
C1 adjective /ˌæntiˈneɪtl/

antenatal

Meaning
Relating to the medical care and treatment given to a pregnant woman before the birth of her child.
Example
She attended regular antenatal checkups throughout her pregnancy.
A1 verb (first person singular of 'be') /æm/

am

Meaning
the first person singular present tense of 'be'
Example
I am happy today.
C1 noun ˈæf.lu.əns

affluence

Meaning
The state of having a great deal of money; wealth.
Example
His affluence allowed him to travel the world.
A2 verb /əˈtækt/

attacked

Meaning
physically or verbally assaulted someone or something; launched an aggressive action against a target
Example
The soldiers attacked the enemy at dawn.
C1 adjective /ɔːlˈmaɪ.ti/

Almighty

Meaning
having unlimited power; omnipotent
Example
The almighty storm destroyed everything in its path.
C2 verb əˈmiːljəreɪt

ameliorate

Meaning
To make better; improve or enhance something.
Example
The new policies are designed to ameliorate living conditions.
C2 noun /ˈɑːrɡoʊ/

argot

Meaning
the specialized vocabulary or jargon of a particular group, especially one with a common interest or occupation
Example
The thieves communicated in an argot that outsiders could not understand.
C1 noun /əˌtɜːni ˈdʒɛnərəl/

attorney-general

Meaning
The chief legal officer of a state or country.
Example
The attorney-general announced new reforms to strengthen justice.
A2 noun /ˈɔːtoʊ/

auto

Meaning
A motor vehicle, especially a car.
Example
He drove his auto to the market.
C2 noun /ˌædʒʊˈreɪʃən/

adjuration

Meaning
a solemn urging or appeal
Example
The priest made an adjuration for peace and unity.
C2 verb əˈtɛn.ju.eɪt

attenuate

Meaning
To reduce the force, effect, or value of something; to make weak or thin.
Example
The medicine helps attenuate the pain.
C2 adjective /ˌɑːrbəˈrɛsənt/

arborescent

Meaning
having the appearance or characteristics of a tree; tree-like
Example
The coral had an arborescent form that resembled a miniature forest.
B2 noun /ˈɑːr.mər/

Armour

Meaning
protective covering worn by soldiers; metal plating for military vehicles
Example
The knight wore heavy armour to protect himself in battle.
C2 noun ˌæɡ.roʊˈiː.koʊˌsɪs.təm

agroecosystem

Meaning
An ecological system centered on agricultural activities and processes.
Example
A healthy agroecosystem improves soil fertility.
C2 verb /əˈsɪdɪfaɪ/

acidify

Meaning
to make something acidic or more acidic
Example
Farmers worry that pollution will acidify the soil.
B2 noun /ˌæktɪˈveɪʃən/

activation

Meaning
the act of making something start functioning
Example
The activation of the system took longer than expected.
B1 noun /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/

association

Meaning
an organized group of people who have joined together for a common purpose
Example
She is a member of the local teachers' association.
C2 noun /əˈspɜːr.ʒən/

aspersion

Meaning
An attack on the reputation or integrity of someone.
Example
He cast an aspersion on her character.
C1 adjective, verb /ˈeɪlɪŋ/

ailing

Meaning
suffering from illness or poor health; experiencing problems or decline
Example
The ailing patient slowly began to recover after treatment.
C2 adjective /ˈæk.rɪd/

Acrid

Meaning
having a strong, unpleasant, and sharp smell or taste
Example
The acrid smoke from the fire made everyone cough.
A2 noun əˈɡriː.mənt

agreement

Meaning
A negotiated arrangement between parties as to a course of action.
Example
The agreement was accepted by all countries.
C1 noun /əˈrɪəz/

arrears

Meaning
Money that is owed and should have been paid earlier.
Example
She was months in arrears with her electricity bill.
C2 adjective /ænˈdrɒdʒɪnəs/

androgynous

Meaning
Having both male and female characteristics; not clearly masculine or feminine.
Example
The fashion show featured models with an androgynous look.
C1 noun /ˈænərkɪst/

anarchist

Meaning
a person who believes in or promotes the absence of government or authority
Example
The anarchist group protested against state control.
C2 adjective /əˈbɔːrtɪv/

abortive

Meaning
Failing to produce the intended result; unsuccessful.
Example
Their abortive attempt to climb the mountain ended in retreat.
C2 noun /ˈɔːɡjʊri/

augury

Meaning
A sign or omen that is believed to predict future events.
Example
The dark clouds were seen as an augury of an approaching storm.
B2 noun /əˈkʌmplɪʃmənt/

accomplishment

Meaning
something that has been achieved successfully
Example
Graduating from university was a major accomplishment for him.
C2 verb /ænˈtɪpəθaɪz/

antipathize

Meaning
to feel or express a strong dislike or aversion toward something or someone
Example
He seemed to antipathize with the new management's approach.
C1 adjective /ɔːˌθɒr.ɪˈteə.ri.ən/

authoritarian

Meaning
Demanding absolute obedience to authority; excessively controlling or strict in governance.
Example
Authoritarian parenting often limits a child's independence.
B1 noun /ˈær.əb/

arab

Meaning
a person belonging to the Semitic people of the Middle East and North Africa
Example
He is an Arab living in Dubai.
B2 adverb /ˈɑːɡjuːəbli/

arguably

Meaning
used to say that a statement is open to argument or is considered true by many people
Example
She is arguably the most talented player on the team.
B2 adjective /ˈædɪkwət/

adequate

Meaning
sufficient or acceptable in quality or quantity
Example
The food was adequate for the small group.
C2 adjective, noun /ˈænθrəpɔɪd/

anthropoid

Meaning
Resembling a human being in form; a primate such as apes and monkeys.
Example
The gorilla is considered an anthropoid ape.
C2 noun ˌæb.əˈreɪ.ʃən

aberration

Meaning
A departure from what is normal, usual, or expected, typically one that is unwelcome.
Example
The scientist dismissed the data as an aberration.
B2 noun /əˈreɪ/

array

Meaning
an impressive display or arrangement of things
Example
The shop displayed an array of colorful dresses.
C1 noun /æmˈniːʒə/

amnesia

Meaning
A partial or total loss of memory, usually caused by injury, illness, or psychological trauma.
Example
After the accident, she suffered from amnesia and could not remember her own name.
B2 adjective /ˈæm.pəl/

Ample

Meaning
large in size, extent, or capacity; plentiful; more than enough
Example
We have ample time to finish the project before the deadline.
B1 noun /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃən/

Accommodation

Meaning
a room, group of rooms, or building in which someone may live or stay
Example
The hotel provides comfortable accommodation for tourists.
C1 adjective /iːsˈθɛθɪkəl/

aesthetical

Meaning
concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty; related to artistic taste or appearance
Example
The architect focused on the aesthetical balance of the building.
C1 noun /ˈælɪɡəri/

allegory

Meaning
a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, often moral or political
Example
The novel is an allegory of the struggle between good and evil.
C1 adverb /əˈkjuːtli/

acutely

Meaning
in a sharp, intense, or severe way; with keen awareness
Example
She was acutely aware of the risks involved.
B2 verb /əˈkɒmədeɪt/

accommodate

Meaning
To provide lodging, space, or meet the needs of someone.
Example
The hotel can accommodate up to 200 guests.
C2 noun /ˈænsɛstrɪs/

ancestress

Meaning
a female ancestor; a woman from whom one is descended
Example
She discovered that her ancestress came from a small village in Bengal.
C2 noun /ænˈtɪpədiːz/

antipodes

Meaning
places on opposite sides of the Earth; also refers to things that are direct opposites
Example
Australia and Britain are often considered antipodes of each other.
B1 noun ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl ɪnˈtɛl.ɪ.dʒəns

artificial intelligence

Meaning
The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence.
Example
Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing education through smart tutoring.
B2 verb /ˈælaɪ/

ally

Meaning
To unite or form a connection or partnership with another person, group, or nation.
Example
The two countries decided to ally against their common enemy.
C1 adjective əsˈtjuːt

astute

Meaning
Having or showing an ability to accurately assess situations or people and turn this to one's advantage.
Example
His astute observations helped solve the complex problem.
C2 verb /əkˈsiːd/

accede

Meaning
to agree to a request, proposal, or demand; to assume an office or position
Example
The government finally acceded to the demands of the protesters.
B1 noun əˈwɛrnɪs

Awareness

Meaning
Knowledge or understanding about important issues, particularly environmental conservation.
Example
Spreading awareness is essential to save butterflies.
B2 noun ˈænsɛstərz

Ancestors

Meaning
A person from whom one is descended; a forefather.
Example
The family tree shows the names of all ancestors.
C2 adjective /əˈvʌŋkjələr/

avuncular

Meaning
kind and friendly, like an uncle
Example
He had an avuncular manner that made everyone feel comfortable.
C2 noun/adjective /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tər/

alabaster

Meaning
A fine-grained, usually white variety of gypsum, often used for carving; also describes something smooth and pale like alabaster.
Example
The statue was carved from pure alabaster.
C1 noun /ˈɔːtəkræt/

autocrat

Meaning
A ruler with absolute power.
Example
The autocrat controlled the country with an iron fist.
B1 verb /əˈdʒʌst/

adjust

Meaning
to change something slightly to make it more suitable or effective
Example
She adjusted the mirror to see the road clearly.
A2 verb /əkˈsɛpt/

accept

Meaning
to receive willingly; to believe or come to recognize
Example
She decided to accept the job offer.
B1 verb /əˈdɒpt/

adopt

Meaning
To take something as your own, such as a child, idea, or method.
Example
They decided to adopt a child from the orphanage.
B1 adjective /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Ancient

Meaning
belonging to the very distant past; very old; historical
Example
We visited the ancient ruins of the Roman empire.
B2 adjective /æpt/

apt

Meaning
Appropriate or suitable; having a natural tendency or quick to learn.
Example
She is an apt student who quickly understands new concepts.
C1 noun /əˈsɛsər/

assessor

Meaning
a person who evaluates or estimates the nature, ability, or quality of something
Example
An external assessor reviewed the project report.
C1 noun /əˈbɪs/

abyss

Meaning
a deep, immeasurable space, chasm, or void; something seemingly without end
Example
The climbers looked down into the dark abyss below.
C2 noun /ˈɑːrbərɪˌkʌltʃər/

arboriculture

Meaning
the cultivation and management of trees and shrubs
Example
He studied arboriculture to improve urban green spaces.
B2 verb /əˈbaɪd/

abide

Meaning
to accept or act in accordance with; to endure; to dwell
Example
I will abide by the rules of the company.
B1 verb /ədˈvaɪz/

advise

Meaning
to recommend what should be done; to give advice
Example
The doctor advised him to rest for a week.
A2 adverb /ˈæktʃuəli/

actually

Meaning
used to emphasize that something is true, especially when surprising
Example
She actually completed the project ahead of schedule.
A2 verb /əˈvɔɪd/

avoid

Meaning
To keep away from or stop oneself from doing something.
Example
He tries to avoid junk food.
C1 noun /ˈæpərtʃər/

aperture

Meaning
an opening, hole, or gap, especially one that lets in light
Example
Light entered through the small aperture in the wall.
C1 noun, adjective /ˌæntiˈsɛptɪk/

antiseptic

Meaning
A substance that prevents the growth of disease-causing microorganisms; clean and free from germs.
Example
The nurse applied an antiseptic to the wound.
B2 adjective əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ

astonishing

Meaning
Extremely surprising or impressive; amazing.
Example
The astonishing discovery changed the way we view the universe.
C2 adjective /ˌæpəˈplɛktɪk/

apoplectic

Meaning
Extremely angry; furious.
Example
He was apoplectic when he heard about the unfair decision.
C1 verb /ænˈtæɡənaɪz/

antagonize

Meaning
to cause someone to become hostile or angry; to provoke opposition
Example
His rude remarks only served to antagonize his colleagues.
A2 noun /ˈɑːrmi/

army

Meaning
a large organized military force trained for war
Example
The army protected the border from attack.
C1 verb /əbˈzɒlv/

absolve

Meaning
to free someone from blame, guilt, or responsibility; to pardon
Example
The priest absolved him of his sins.
B2 adjective /əˈlɑːrmɪŋ/

alarming

Meaning
Worrying or disturbing; causing concern or fear.
Example
The unemployment rate among youth is alarming.
C1 adjective/adverb /əˈmɪs/

amiss

Meaning
Not quite right; inappropriate or out of place.
Example
Something seems amiss with the car's engine.
C2 noun /əˈnækrəˌnɪzəm/

anachronism

Meaning
something that is out of its proper time period, especially something old-fashioned in a modern context
Example
Using a typewriter today feels like an anachronism.
C2 noun (plural) /ˈɔːspɪsɪz/

auspices

Meaning
Patronage, support, or guidance, often used in the phrase 'under the auspices of'.
Example
The conference was held under the auspices of the United Nations.
B2 adjective, noun, verb /ˈæb.strækt/

abstract

Meaning
existing in thought or as an idea but not having physical or concrete existence; a summary of a text
Example
The artist is known for her abstract paintings.
B1 noun /əˌkɒm.əˈdeɪ.ʃənz/

accommodations

Meaning
Lodging; room and board; places to stay.
Example
The students had proper accommodations.
A1 noun /eər/

Air

Meaning
the invisible gaseous substance surrounding the earth; a mixture mainly of oxygen and nitrogen
Example
Fresh air is essential for good health.
B2 noun /əˈsɜːʃən/

assertion

Meaning
a confident and forceful statement of fact or belief
Example
Her assertion that she was right was met with silence.
C2 noun, verb /əˈfrʌnt/

affront

Meaning
An action or remark that causes outrage or offense.
Example
He took her criticism as a personal affront.
C2 noun /ˈænti/

ante

Meaning
a stake put up by a player in poker or similar games before receiving cards; also used figuratively to mean an initial investment or contribution
Example
Each player placed an ante before the game began.
C1 noun /ˈeɪ.nəs/

Anus

Meaning
the opening at the end of the digestive tract through which waste leaves the body
Example
The doctor examined the patient's anus during the medical checkup.
A1 adjective /ˈeɪbl/

able

Meaning
having the power, skill, or means to do something
Example
She is able to speak three languages fluently.
B2 adjective /əˈpiː.lɪŋ/

Appealing

Meaning
attractive; interesting; pleasing
Example
The colorful garden looks very appealing to visitors.
C1 verb /əˈfɪliˌeɪt/

affiliate

Meaning
to officially attach or connect (a group or organization) to a larger body
Example
The school is affiliated with the local university.
B2 noun (plural) /ˈɑːrtɪˌfæks/

artifacts

Meaning
objects made by humans, often of historical or cultural importance
Example
Archaeologists discovered valuable artifacts in the ruins.
B2 noun /ˈænsestri/

ancestry

Meaning
one’s family origins or lineage
Example
He is proud of his royal ancestry.
C1 noun ˌæf.ɔːr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən

afforestation

Meaning
The action of planting trees on an area of land in order to form a forest.
Example
Afforestation helps restore biodiversity.
C2 adjective /əˈkwɪzətɪv/

acquisitive

Meaning
excessively interested in acquiring money or material things
Example
The acquisitive businessman bought every piece of land he could find.
C2 noun /əˈpɒfəsɪs/

apophasis

Meaning
A rhetorical device where the speaker brings up a subject by denying it or pretending to pass over it.
Example
The politician used apophasis by saying, 'I won’t even mention my opponent’s scandals.'
A1 adverb /ˈɔːl.weɪz/

Always

Meaning
at all times; on all occasions; forever
Example
She always arrives early to work.
A1 adverb /æz/

As

Meaning
in the way that; while; because; during the time that
Example
As you grow older, you become wiser.
A2 noun /æd/

ad

Meaning
a notice or announcement in a public medium promoting a product, service, or event
Example
The company released a new ad for their smartphone.
B2 noun /əˈkjuːzd/

accused

Meaning
a person who has been charged with a crime
Example
The accused pleaded not guilty in court.
B1 verb /əˈdɔːr/

adore

Meaning
to love deeply and respect highly
Example
She adores her little sister.
B2 noun /ˌɔː.θɛnˈtɪs.ə.ti/

authenticity

Meaning
The quality of being authentic; genuineness or truthfulness.
Example
The authenticity of the document was verified.
B1 noun /ˈæmətər/

amateur

Meaning
A person who engages in a pursuit, especially a sport or art, on an unpaid basis.
Example
The painting looked impressive, even though it was done by an amateur.
B1 adjective /əˈmjuː.zɪŋ/

Amusing

Meaning
causing laughter or providing entertainment; funny; enjoyable
Example
The children found the clown's performance very amusing.
C1 adjective /əˈvɜːrs/

averse

Meaning
having a strong dislike of or opposition to something
Example
He was averse to taking unnecessary risks.
C2 adjective /ˈækwɪˌlaɪn/

aquiline

Meaning
curved like an eagle's beak; hooked
Example
He had an aquiline nose that gave him a distinguished appearance.
B2 noun /əˌveɪləˈbɪləti/

availability

Meaning
the state of being able to be used or obtained
Example
The availability of clean water is crucial for health.
B2 noun /əˈriːnə/

arena

Meaning
a large area surrounded by seats for sports, entertainment, or other events
Example
The basketball game will be held in the new arena downtown.
C1 adjective /ænˈtɪriər/

anterior

Meaning
Situated at or toward the front; coming before in position or time.
Example
The anterior part of the brain controls logical thinking.
C2 adjective /əˈbɪs.əl/

abyssal

Meaning
Related to or characteristic of the deep ocean, especially the zone below 4000 meters.
Example
Abyssal creatures survive in extreme pressure conditions.
C1 noun /ˈædʒʌŋkt/

adjunct

Meaning
a thing added to something else as a supplementary part
Example
The professor worked as an adjunct at the university.