CEFR Level
Consisting of a variety of different items or types.
"The drawer was filled with miscellaneous objects."
A view or opinion that is incorrect based on faulty thinking or understanding.
"Many people have a misconception about healthy dieting."
Improper or unacceptable behavior, especially by a professional or authority figure.
"The teacher was dismissed for serious misconduct."
To count wrongly or inaccurately.
"He miscounted the number of chairs in the hall."
A wrong or illegal act.
"He regretted his past misdeeds and apologized."
A minor wrongdoing or criminal offense that is less serious than a felony.
"He was fined for a misdemeanor involving public disturbance."
A person who hoards wealth and spends as little money as possible.
"The old miser refused to donate even a penny to charity."
Unwilling to spend money; stingy.
"She lived a miserly life, refusing to buy anything new."
A feeling of doubt, worry, or suspicion.
"She had serious misgivings about signing the contract."
feelings of doubt or concern about the outcome or propriety of something
"She had serious misgivings about signing the contract."
an unlucky accident or minor misfortune
"A minor mishap delayed the train for half an hour."
to understand or explain something wrongly
"He misinterpreted her silence as agreement."
to handle or control something badly or inefficiently
"The company went bankrupt because it was mismanaged for years."
Bad or careless management of something.
"Mismanagement of plastic waste worsens pollution."
Hatred of, contempt for, or prejudice against women.
"The novel has been criticized for promoting misogyny."
To put something in the wrong location and temporarily lose it.
"I often misplace my keys when I am in a hurry."
to read something incorrectly or interpret wrongly
"He misread the instructions and built the shelf incorrectly."
to give a false or misleading account of something
"The lawyer accused the witness of trying to misrepresent the facts."
a person sent on a religious mission, especially to promote Christianity in a foreign country
"The missionary spent years helping local communities in Africa."
lack of trust; suspicion or doubt about someone or something
"The villagers showed deep mistrust of outsiders."
a very small creature, often a tiny arachnid; also used to mean a very small amount
"The mattress was infested with dust mites."
to make less severe, serious, or painful
"The new policies aim to mitigate the effects of climate change."
The action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something.
"Climate change mitigation requires global cooperation."
Plans and actions designed to reduce the severity or impact of problems or risks.
"Governments must adopt mitigation strategies for climate change."
An economic system where both government and private sector operate together.
"Most countries today follow a mixed economy model."
a device or technique used to aid memory
"Students often use mnemonic devices to remember lists of words."
Techniques or systems used to help remember information.
"The teacher taught the students mnemonics to memorize the planets in order."
A deep, wide ditch surrounding a castle or town, often filled with water, for defense.
"The castle was protected by a wide moat filled with water."
a large, disorderly crowd of people, typically one that is agitated or violent
"The mob gathered outside the building, demanding justice."
to organize or prepare people or resources for action
"The leader worked hard to mobilize the community for the protest."
Teasing or contemptuous language or behavior directed at someone or something.
"His attempt at cooking ended in mockery from his friends."
The quality or condition of being modern; up-to-date ideas, practices, or style.
"The city’s architecture reflects both tradition and modernity."
the quality of being humble and not boastful about achievements
"Despite his success, he showed great modesty."
the act or process of changing or altering something slightly
"The architect suggested a modification to the design."
Changes made to something to improve it or make it more suitable.
"Modifications improve policy frameworks."
a word or element that changes, limits, or describes the meaning of another word; something that alters or adjusts
"In the phrase 'very cold', 'very' is a modifier of 'cold'."
Employing or involving a module or modules as the basis of design or construction.
"The modular design allows for easy customization and scalability."
to adjust or regulate the degree, pitch, or intensity of something
"The teacher modulated her voice to keep the students engaged."
The act of changing or controlling something, such as tone, pitch, or frequency.
"The singer’s modulation of her voice captivated the audience."
A powerful or influential person, especially in business or media.
"He became a tech mogul by founding a billion-dollar company."
A decorative strip or design, often used on walls, ceilings, or furniture.
"The wooden molding gave the room a classic look."
a small burrowing mammal with tiny eyes and soft fur
"The mole dug tunnels under the garden."
to assault or abuse someone, especially in a sexual or physical way
"The criminal was arrested for attempting to molest a child."
Made into liquid by heat; melted.
"The blacksmith poured molten metal into the mold."
Lasting for only a short time.
"There was a momentary silence in the room."
Of great importance or significance, especially in its effect on the future.
"The signing of the agreement was a momentous event."
a sovereign ruler, especially a king or queen
"The monarch addressed the nation on television."
A building or complex where monks or nuns live, work, and worship.
"The old monastery was surrounded by high stone walls."
Relating to monks, monasteries, or a life of religious seclusion.
"He chose to live a monastic life away from the city."
The process of converting assets or services into money, involving commercialization, profit generation, and revenue creation.
"The monetization of digital content has created new income streams."
