CEFR Level
Important or crucial related to farming and agriculture
"Winter is agriculturally significant for crop production."
A chemical product used in agriculture, especially a pesticide or fertilizer.
"Excessive use of agrochemicals can degrade soil quality."
to be ill or suffer from a physical or mental problem; to trouble or afflict
"She has been ailing since last winter."
suffering from illness or poor health; experiencing problems or decline
"The ailing patient slowly began to recover after treatment."
without purpose or direction; lacking a goal
"He wandered around the city in an aimless manner."
Completely sealed so that no air can get in or out.
"Store the cookies in an airtight container to keep them fresh."
Of similar character or related by blood.
"His reaction was akin to shock."
A medieval practice combining elements of chemistry and philosophy, aimed at transforming matter, especially turning base metals into gold.
"Medieval scientists devoted their lives to alchemy."
A small recessed section of a room or a nook.
"She placed a reading chair in the alcove near the window."
in a watchful, attentive, and quick-to-notice manner
"She listened alertly to every sound in the dark forest."
the state of being mentally aware and quick to notice or respond; vigilance
"The driver maintained a high level of alertness during the long journey."
Controlled or powered by computer algorithms.
"Algorithm-driven systems increase accuracy."
Related to calculations or analysis based on specific rules or methods.
"Algorithmic processes are essential for artificial intelligence."
A false or assumed identity; also used to mean 'otherwise called'.
"The criminal was known by the alias 'Shadow'."
A claim or piece of evidence that one was elsewhere when an act, typically a crime, was committed.
"She had a strong alibi that proved she was at the cinema during the theft."
To make someone feel isolated or estranged; to cause someone to become unfriendly.
"His rude behavior alienated many of his friends."
Feeling isolated or estranged; disconnected from others or society.
"Alienated students are more prone to delinquency."
The state of being isolated or estranged from a group or activity.
"The new policies created a sense of alienation among employees."
financial support that a person is ordered by a court to give to their spouse after separation or divorce
"He was ordered by the court to pay monthly alimony to his ex-wife."
a soluble base substance, typically with a pH greater than 7, that neutralizes acids
"Soap contains alkali which helps remove grease."
loyalty or commitment to a group, cause, or leader
"The soldiers swore allegiance to their country."
a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, often moral or political
"The novel is an allegory of the struggle between good and evil."
A substance that causes an allergic reaction.
"Pollen is a common allergen that affects many people."
to make suffering, pain, or a problem less severe
"The medicine helped alleviate her headache."
the occurrence of the same consonant sound at the beginning of words in close succession
"She used alliteration in her poem to add musicality."
to give or assign something, often a share or portion, to someone
"Each student was allotted ten minutes to present."
A portion of something allocated or assigned to someone.
"Each student received an allotment of supplies for the project."
A mixture of metals or a metal combined with another element.
"Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin."
To refer to something indirectly or casually.
"The professor alluded to Shakespeare during the lecture."
To attract or tempt someone with charm or appeal.
"The city allures tourists with its vibrant nightlife."
attractive and tempting; fascinating
"The alluring fragrance of roses filled the garden."
An indirect reference to something without mentioning it explicitly.
"Her story contained an allusion to a famous myth."
having unlimited power; omnipotent
"The almighty storm destroyed everything in its path."
Up in or into the air; overhead.
"The kite was flying aloft in the clear sky."
Not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant.
"He remained aloof during the entire discussion."
the second highest adult singing voice, between soprano and tenor
"She sang the alto part in the choir beautifully."
the belief in or practice of selfless concern for the well-being of others
"Her altruism led her to volunteer at the shelter every weekend."
showing selfless concern for the well-being of others; unselfish
"Her altruistic nature made her volunteer at the shelter every weekend."
a former student or graduate of a school, college, or university
"He is an alumnus of Harvard University."
to gather together or accumulate over a period of time
"He managed to amass a fortune through wise investments."
Uncertainty, vagueness, unclear meaning.
"The law's ambiguity caused confusion."
The state of having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something.
"He felt ambivalence about moving to a new city."
Having mixed or contradictory feelings about something or someone.
"She was ambivalent about accepting the new job offer."
To attack suddenly and unexpectedly from a hidden position.
"The soldiers planned to ambush the enemy at dawn."
willing to cooperate or be influenced; open to suggestions
"She was amenable to the idea of working longer hours."
Having a friendly and pleasant manner.
"She has an amiable personality that makes her well-liked by everyone."
in a friendly and pleasant manner
"They discussed the issue amiably without any arguments."
Friendly and peaceful, especially in resolving conflicts.
"The two companies reached an amicable agreement after months of negotiation."
in a friendly way without anger or resentment
"The divorce was settled amicably between both parties."
Not quite right; inappropriate or out of place.
"Something seems amiss with the car's engine."
