CEFR Level
to give up or yield to an opponent or authority
"The army finally surrendered after weeks of fighting."
located all around a particular place or thing; nearby
"The surrounding hills were covered in mist."
The area around a person, place, or thing.
"She quickly adapted to her new surroundings."
Close observation of a person, place, or activity, often for security purposes.
"The area is under constant surveillance by security cameras."
noun: an examination or inspection; verb: to examine or measure (an area or subject)
"They conducted a survey to understand customer preferences."
the state of continuing to live or exist, typically in difficult conditions
"Survival in the wild can be a challenging experience."
a person who survives, especially in difficult conditions
"The survivors of the shipwreck were rescued after several days."
To temporarily stop something from being active or valid.
"The company decided to suspend his membership."
Temporarily not allowed, stopped, or hanging.
"He was suspended from school for a week."
A state of mental uncertainty, anxiety, or excitement about what may happen next.
"The movie kept the audience in suspense until the very end."
The act of temporarily stopping something; also refers to a system in vehicles that absorbs shock.
"The player received a three-game suspension for misconduct."
a feeling or belief that someone has done something wrong or illegal
"He was arrested on suspicion of theft."
Feeling doubt or distrust about someone or something.
"She gave me a suspicious look when I entered late."
To support, maintain, or keep something going over time.
"The team worked hard to sustain their success."
The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.
"Sustainability in agriculture ensures long-term food security."
able to continue over a long period without causing harm to the environment or using up resources
"We must adopt sustainable energy practices."
Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
"Eco-tourism contributes to sustainable development in local communities."
Strengthened and supported; not allowed to weaken or fail.
"The proposal was not sustained."
to make food or drink go down your throat into your stomach
"He swallowed the pill with a glass of water."
An area of low-lying, uncultivated ground where water collects; a bog or marsh.
"The village was built near a swamp."
A large group of insects or people moving together.
"A swarm of bees surrounded the tree."
To move or cause to move slowly or rhythmically back and forth; to influence someone's opinion or decision.
"The trees swayed gently in the breeze."
To make a solemn statement or promise; to use offensive language.
"He swore to tell the truth in court."
An offensive or rude word used to express anger or frustration.
"He shouted a swear-word when he hit his toe."
to clean or clear (an area) by brushing away dirt or debris
"She swept the floor before going to bed."
a person whose job is to clean floors and streets by sweeping
"The sweeper cleaned the school corridor every morning."
to increase in size or volume, often due to internal pressure or emotional intensity
"Her ankle began to swell after the injury."
moving very quickly; happening promptly
"The river current was swift after the heavy rain."
to move back and forth or from side to side
"The children love to swing in the park."
to move your finger across a touch screen or to hit with a sweeping motion
"He swiped left on the photo."
a weapon with a long metal blade used for fighting
"The knight drew his sword to defend the castle."
An outline or summary of topics to be covered in a course of study.
"The professor handed out the syllabus on the first day of class."
a mark, sign, or object that represents something else
"The heart is a symbol of love."
serving as a symbol or representing something else
"The dove is symbolic of peace and freedom."
to represent or stand for something else
"The dove symbolizes peace across cultures."
showing understanding or compassion for someone’s feelings or situation
"She was very sympathetic when he lost his job."
to feel or express compassion or pity for someone else’s situation
"I sympathize with you on the loss of your pet."
feelings of pity and compassion for someone else's suffering
"She expressed her sympathy for the grieving family."
An elaborate musical composition for a full orchestra, typically in four movements.
"Beethoven's Fifth Symphony is one of the most famous works in classical music."
a sign or indication of something, especially of an illness
"Fever is a common symptom of the flu."
a group of symptoms that occur together and characterize a condition or disease
"Down syndrome affects a person's physical and mental development."
a word or phrase that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word
"In this sentence, 'big' is a synonym of 'large'."
The combination of different ideas, elements, or substances into a coherent whole.
"The report is a synthesis of several research studies."
Made by chemical synthesis, especially to imitate a natural product.
"The shoes are made from synthetic leather."
Done or acting according to a fixed plan or system; methodical.
"The company took a systematic approach to solving the issue."
a spoon used for serving or eating food, typically holding about 15 milliliters
"She stirred the soup with a tablespoon."
to try to deal with or solve a difficult problem; to physically stop someone in sports by knocking them down
"The coach taught the players how to tackle properly."
a carefully planned action or strategy to achieve a specific goal
"The coach used a defensive tactic to win the game."
specific methods or actions used to achieve a goal, especially in military or competition
"The team changed their tactics to win the game."
