CEFR Level
in a gentle or quiet way.
"She spoke softly so as not to wake the baby."
The removal of topsoil by wind, water, or other natural forces, reducing agricultural productivity.
"Soil erosion reduces agricultural productivity."
Relating to or determined by the sun
"The house is powered by solar energy."
an eclipse in which the sun is obscured by the moon passing between it and the earth
"The solar eclipse will be visible from our city next month."
Energy from the sun that is converted into thermal or electrical energy.
"Solar energy is vital for reducing carbon emissions."
being the only one; single and not shared with others
"She was the sole survivor of the accident."
only; not involving anyone or anything else
"He is solely responsible for the decision."
Formal and dignified; characterized by deep sincerity.
"The day begins with a solemn ceremony at the memorial."
A type of lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents, often representing clients in lower courts.
"She consulted a solicitor before signing the contract."
Unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a common interest.
"Workers held a strike in solidarity with their colleagues."
alone; without companions; single; isolated
"He lived a solitary life in the mountains."
the state of being alone, often by choice and enjoyed as peaceful
"She enjoyed the solitude of the mountain cabin."
performed by one person alone; a single performance
"She decided to perform a solo dance at the talent show."
to calm, comfort, or relieve pain or distress
"The mother soothed her crying baby."
having refined knowledge, experience, or complex design
"The city is known for its sophisticated culture and art."
a student in their second year of study at a university or high school
"He’s a sophomore in college, studying computer science."
painful or aching, usually in a specific part of the body
"After the long run, my legs were sore."
a feeling of deep sadness or grief
"She was filled with sorrow after the loss of her friend."
having an acidic taste; unpleasant or bad-tempered
"The milk has gone sour."
an object kept as a reminder of a place, person, or event
"She bought a small souvenir from Paris."
relating to the Soviet Union or its government
"The Soviet era saw significant changes in Eastern Europe."
To plant seeds in the ground for growing crops or plants.
"Farmers sow seeds in spring for the harvest in autumn."
The investigation of outer space by means of manned and unmanned spacecraft.
"Space exploration has expanded our knowledge of the universe."
having a lot of space; roomy and comfortable
"The house has a spacious living room with high ceilings."
a tool with a flat blade for digging; a playing card suit
"The gardener used a spade to dig holes for planting flowers."
unsolicited or unwanted electronic communication, typically in the form of email
"My inbox is full of spam emails that I need to delete."
the full extent or length of something from one end to another
"The bridge has a span of over 500 meters."
To give something that one has extra of; to refrain from harming or killing.
"Could you spare me a few minutes of your time?"
to cause the start of something, especially an emotion or activity
"The news sparked a heated debate across the country."
a flat, broad tool used for mixing, spreading, or lifting food
"She used a spatula to flip the pancakes."
a particular area of activity or interest that someone focuses on; expertise in a specific field
"His speciality is Italian cuisine."
to focus on a particular subject or activity and become an expert in it
"He decided to specialize in cardiology."
designed or developed for a particular purpose or function
"He has a specialized knowledge of ancient civilizations."
a particular area of study, work, or interest; something in which a person or place excels
"Her specialty is pediatric medicine."
a detailed description or assessment of something
"The product specification includes all the necessary details."
to state or describe something clearly and exactly
"Please specify the time and place of the meeting."
an individual animal, plant, piece of a mineral, etc., used as an example of its species or type for scientific study
"The museum has a rare butterfly specimen."
a visually striking performance or display
"The fireworks display was a grand spectacle."
very impressive, exciting, or dramatic in appearance or effect
"The fireworks display was absolutely spectacular."
A person who watches an event, show, or game without taking part.
"Thousands of spectators gathered to watch the football match."
A range of different things, often related to colors, ideas, or classifications.
"The festival attracted people from across the political spectrum."
To form a theory or guess without firm evidence; to invest in stocks, property, etc. hoping for profit.
"Experts speculate that the company may expand into new markets."
the forming of ideas or theories without firm evidence; guesswork
"There is a lot of speculation about who will win the election."
Unable to speak because of shock, surprise, or strong emotion.
"She was speechless when she received the award."
moving or happening quickly; fast
"The speedy delivery service arrived within an hour."
a round, three-dimensional shape that is perfectly symmetrical around its center; an area of activity or knowledge
"The Earth is almost a perfect sphere."
a substance used to add flavor to food
"She added a pinch of spice to the curry for extra flavor."
a container used to store various spices and seasonings
"She opened the spice box to find cumin for her curry."
to cause liquid to flow or fall out of a container by accident
"Be careful not to spill your coffee."
To turn around quickly or cause something to rotate
"The dancer began to spin gracefully on the stage."
