CEFR Level
complete and utter; very steep or transparent
"The cliff was a sheer drop into the sea."
a person who tends and guards sheep
"The shepherd guided his flock to the green pasture."
the process of transporting goods
"The shipping of the products was delayed due to weather conditions."
a vulgar term for feces or excrement
"The dog made a mess by leaving its shit on the floor."
causing surprise or disbelief; startling
"The news of the accident was shocking to everyone."
the action of shooting a gun, camera, or similar device
"The shooting of the movie took several months."
lacking foresight or consideration for the future; myopic
"His short-sighted decision to quit school early affected his career prospects."
quick to lose one's temper; easily angered
"She became short-tempered when the traffic made her late for the meeting."
a state or situation in which something needed cannot be obtained in sufficient amounts
"There is a shortage of skilled workers in the industry."
a fault or failure to meet a certain standard; a deficiency
"Despite his many talents, he has some shortcomings."
A fault or failure to meet a certain standard; deficiencies.
"Institutional shortcomings affect student behavior negatively."
To make something shorter in length, duration, or extent
"She decided to shorten her speech to fit the time limit."
to push someone or something roughly
"He shoved the box into the corner."
a tool with a broad flat blade and long handle used for digging and moving earth, snow, or other materials
"He grabbed a shovel to clear the snow from the driveway."
A display case or exhibition; to present something in an attractive or favorable way.
"The exhibition showcased the artist's best works."
to make a loud, high-pitched cry
"She shrieked when she saw the spider."
to become smaller in size, amount, or value.
"The sweater may shrink after washing."
To raise and lower the shoulders to express uncertainty or indifference.
"He shrugged when asked about the missing file."
to walk by dragging one's feet along or without lifting them fully; to mix or rearrange
"He shuffled the cards before dealing them."
a vehicle or craft that travels regularly between two places.
"The airport shuttle runs every 30 minutes."
A brother or sister.
"She has three siblings, two brothers and one sister."
Each of two or more children or offspring having one or both parents in common.
"Siblings are usually placed on the same level in a family tree."
weak and unhealthy; prone to illness; appearing weak or pale
"The sickly child needed extra care and attention."
An activity done in addition to one's main job or area of work.
"The sideline discussions led to mutual understanding."
A military operation in which a place is surrounded to force its surrender.
"The castle fell after a long siege."
a military operation to capture a place by surrounding it and cutting off supplies
"The siege of the castle lasted for three months."
to let out a long, deep breath as an expression of tiredness, relief, or sadness
"She sighed with relief when she heard the good news."
A gesture, action, or sound conveying information or instructions.
"Signals from deep space were detected last week."
a person's name written by themselves, often as a form of identification or authorization
"She signed the contract with her elegant signature."
the quality of being important, meaningful, or worthy of attention
"The significance of the discovery was recognized worldwide."
a fine, smooth fabric made from the threads produced by silkworms
"The dress was made of pure silk."
the state of being alike or having characteristics in common
"There is a strong similarity between the two paintings."
in a similar way
"Similarly, we can achieve success with dedication and hard work."
the quality of being simple; lack of complexity or intricacy
"The beauty of the design lies in its simplicity."
to make something easier to understand or do
"The teacher simplified the lesson for the younger students."
the imitation of a situation or process
"The simulation helped the students understand the complex theory."
occurring, operating, or done at the same time
"The two singers gave simultaneous performances in different cities."
occurring or done at the same time
"The two speakers began talking simultaneously."
an immoral act considered to be a transgression against divine law; to commit an offense against religious or moral law
"He confessed his sin to the priest."
the quality of being free from pretense or deceit; honesty
"His sincerity in apologizing was evident to everyone."
Remarkable, extraordinary; or grammatical form referring to one person or thing.
"She has a singular talent for painting."
Giving the impression that something harmful or evil is happening or will happen.
"The abandoned house had a sinister atmosphere."
To drink something slowly, taking only small amounts at a time.
"She sipped her tea while reading a book."
A device that makes a loud prolonged sound as a signal or warning; in mythology, a creature that lures sailors with enchanting songs.
"The police car passed with its siren blaring."
located in a particular place or position
"The hotel is situated near the beach."
The internal framework of bones that supports the body of a human or animal.
"The teacher showed the students a human skeleton in the biology class."
not easily convinced; having doubts or reservations
"She was skeptical about the new plan."
a simple, rough drawing or outline
"He made a quick sketch of the landscape."
in a way that shows ability and training; expertly
"She skilfully painted the portrait in just two hours."
to move quickly over a surface or to read something quickly
"She skimmed through the report before the meeting."
