B1 noun /ɡæp/

gap

щель / разрыв

Meaning

An empty space or break between two objects or parts; a difference or disparity.

Example

There is a huge gap between the rich and the poor.

Между богатыми и бедными существует огромный разрыв.

B1 verb /ˈrɛdʒɪstər/

register

регистрировать

Meaning

To enter or record officially on a list or in a book.

Example

You must register for the conference before the deadline.

Вы должны зарегистрироваться для конференции до окончания срока.

B1 noun /ˈbeɪs.mənt/

Basement

подвал

Meaning

the lowest floor of a building, typically below ground level

Example

We store old furniture in the basement.

Мы храним старую мебель в подвале.

B1 adjective /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/

limited

ограниченный

Meaning

Restricted in size, amount, or extent; not great in number or ability.

Example

Tickets for the concert are limited.

Билеты на концерт ограничены.

B1 adjective /ɪnˈkrɛdəbl/

incredible

невероятный

Meaning

so extraordinary that it is hard to believe; amazing

Example

The view from the mountain was incredible.

Вид с горы был невероятным.

B1 adjective /ˈɛnd.ləs/

Endless

бесконечный; бескрайний; неограниченный

Meaning

having no end; infinite; limitless

Example

The ocean seemed endless from the shore.

Океан казался бесконечным с берега.

B1 adverb /ˈtɛrəbli/

terribly

ужасно

Meaning

to a very great or extreme degree; very badly or unpleasantly

Example

He felt terribly sad after hearing the news.

Он чувствовал себя ужасно грустным после того, как услышал новость.

B1 adjective /ˈmɑːrvələs/

marvelous

удивительный

Meaning

Causing great wonder or delight; extraordinary.

Example

She gave a marvelous performance on stage.

Она дала потрясающее выступление на сцене.

B1 adjective /ˈtemptɪŋ/

Tempting

заманчивый

Meaning

appealing to or attracting someone, even if wrong or inadvisable; alluring

Example

The chocolate cake looked very tempting in the bakery window.

Шоколадный торт выглядел очень заманчиво в витрине пекарни.

B1 adjective /ˈʌpər/

upper

верхний

Meaning

higher in position or rank

Example

The upper floor of the building is under renovation.

Верхний этаж здания находится на ремонте.

B1 noun /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/

association

ассоциация

Meaning

an organized group of people who have joined together for a common purpose

Example

She is a member of the local teachers' association.

Она является членом местной ассоциации учителей.

B1 noun /ˈwelˌbiː.ɪŋ/

well-being

благополучие

Meaning

The state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy.

Example

Eye lubrication is crucial for overall well-being.

Смазка для глаз имеет решающее значение для общего благополучия.

B1 noun /ˈsæl.ər.i/

Salary

зарплата

Meaning

a fixed regular payment, typically paid on a monthly basis

Example

She receives a good salary for her work as a teacher.

Она получает хорошую зарплату за свою работу учителем.

B1 noun ˈmɪlɪteri

military

военные

Meaning

The armed forces of a country.

Example

The military was called for assistance.

Военные были вызваны для помощи.

B1 noun /per/

Pear

груша

Meaning

a sweet juicy fruit with a rounded shape that is wider at the bottom than the top

Example

She enjoyed a fresh pear from the orchard.

Она наслаждалась свежей грушей из сада.

B1 noun ˈɪmpækt

impact

влияние

Meaning

A strong effect or influence; the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another.

Example

The decision had great impact.

Решение оказало большое влияние.

B1 noun /blæk ˈpep.ər/

Black Pepper

черный перец

Meaning

a hot-tasting spice made from dried peppercorns, widely used for seasoning food

Example

Season the steak with salt and freshly ground black pepper.

Приправьте стейк солью и свежемолотым черным перцем.

B1 noun /ˈmeɪkʌp/

makeup

макияж

Meaning

cosmetics used to enhance or alter appearance

Example

She applied makeup before the party.

Она нанесла макияж перед вечеринкой.

B1 adverb /səkˈsɛsfəli/

successfully

успешно

Meaning

in a way that achieves a desired result

Example

She passed the exam successfully after weeks of studying.

Она успешно сдала экзамен после недель учёбы.

B1 noun /feɪk/

Fake

подделка; мошенничество; фальшивый предмет

Meaning

a thing that is not genuine; a forgery or sham

Example

The painting was discovered to be a fake worth very little money.

Картина была обнаружена как подделка с очень низкой стоимостью.

B1 noun /ˈkwaɪər/

choir

хор

Meaning

An organized group of singers, typically performing in church services or concerts.

Example

The choir sang beautifully during the ceremony.

Хор пел прекрасно во время церемонии.

B1 noun /məˈkænɪk/

mechanic

механик

Meaning

a person who repairs and maintains machines or vehicles

Example

The mechanic fixed the engine in less than an hour.

Механик отремонтировал двигатель менее чем за час.

B1 noun /bɑːm/

Bomb

бомба

Meaning

an explosive device designed to cause damage or destruction

Example

The bomb disposal unit carefully defused the explosive device.

Подразделение по обезвреживанию бомб осторожно разминировало взрывное устройство.

B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

витамин

Meaning

a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy

Example

Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.

Фрукты и овощи являются богатыми источниками витаминов.

B1 preposition, adverb, adjective /ˌʌndərˈniːθ/

underneath

под, снизу

Meaning

Located directly below or beneath something

Example

The keys were hidden underneath the pile of papers.

Ключи были спрятаны под стопкой бумаг.

B1 noun /ˈdɛdˌlaɪnz/

deadlines

сроки

Meaning

The latest time or date by which something should be completed.

Example

Setting deadlines helps finish tasks.

Установление сроков помогает завершить задачи.

B1 verb /kənˈsuːm/

consume

есть, пить, потреблять

Meaning

to eat or drink; to use up; to destroy completely

Example

We consume a lot of water during summer.

Мы потребляем много воды летом.

B1 adjective ɪnˈdʌs.tri.əl

industrial

промышленный

Meaning

Relating to or characterized by industry.

Example

Industrial sectors boost exports.

Промышленные секторы увеличивают экспорт.

B1 adjective /ˈæŋk.ʃəs/

Anxious

тревожный; беспокойный

Meaning

feeling worried or nervous; eager with concern

Example

She felt anxious about her upcoming job interview.

Она чувствовала тревогу по поводу предстоящего собеседования.

B1 adjective /ɪnˈvɑːlvd/

involved

вовлеченный

Meaning

complicated or engaged in something

Example

She was deeply involved in community service.

Она была глубоко вовлечена в общественные работы.

B1 noun /kənˈfjuː.ʒən/

Confusion

путаница, неразбериха, хаос

Meaning

lack of understanding; uncertainty; the state of being bewildered or unclear in one's mind

Example

There was confusion about the meeting time, so half the team arrived late.

Была путаница по поводу времени встречи, поэтому половина команды опоздала.

B1 noun ɪˈməʊʃənz

emotions

эмоции

Meaning

Strong feelings deriving from one's circumstances, mood, or relationships with others.

Example

Emotions ran high during the protests.

Эмоции были высокими во время протестов.

B1 adjective /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

historical

исторический

Meaning

Related to history or past events.

Example

The museum has a large collection of historical documents.

В музее есть большая коллекция исторических документов.

B1 verb /bæn/

ban

запрещать

Meaning

to officially forbid something; to prohibit

Example

The government banned smoking in public places.

Правительство запретило курение в общественных местах.

B1 adjective /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/

alphabetical

алфавитный

Meaning

Arranged in the order of the letters of the alphabet.

Example

The names were listed in alphabetical order.

Имена были перечислены в алфавитном порядке.

B1 adjective /drəˈmæt.ɪk/

Dramatic

драматический; внезапный и поразительный; волнующий и впечатляющий

Meaning

relating to drama; sudden and striking; exciting and impressive

Example

The dramatic sunset painted the sky in brilliant colors.

Драматический закат раскрасил небо в яркие цвета.

B1 noun /trəˈdɪʃ.ən/

Tradition

традиция

Meaning

the transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation; a long-established custom or belief

Example

It's a family tradition to gather for dinner every Sunday evening.

Это семейная традиция собираться за ужином каждое воскресенье вечером.

B1 noun ˈtʊə.rɪ.zəm

tourism

туризм

Meaning

The commercial organization and operation of vacations and visits to places of interest.

Example

Tourism drives economic growth in many countries.

Туризм способствует экономическому росту во многих странах.

B1 noun /vaɪəˈlɪn/

Violin

скрипка

Meaning

a musical instrument with four strings that is played with a bow

Example

She plays the violin beautifully in the orchestra.

Она великолепно играет на скрипке в оркестре.

B1 noun /tʃest/

Chest

грудь; сундук

Meaning

the front surface of a person's or animal's body between the neck and abdomen; a large strong box

Example

The doctor listened to his chest with a stethoscope.

Доктор слушал его грудь с помощью стетоскопа.

B1 noun /ˈtreɪdɪŋ/

trading

торговля

Meaning

the act or business of buying and selling goods or services

Example

She made a fortune through online trading.

Она заработала состояние с помощью онлайн-торговли.

B1 noun /tæŋk/

Tank

танк

Meaning

a heavily armored fighting vehicle moving on a continuous track

Example

The tank rolled through the battlefield with powerful armor.

Танк прошел по полю боя с мощной броней.

B1 noun /ˈlʌk.ʃər.i/

Luxury

роскошь

Meaning

the state of great comfort and extravagant living; an inessential, desirable item that is expensive or difficult to obtain

Example

They enjoyed the luxury of a five-star hotel.

Они наслаждались роскошью пятизвездочного отеля.

B1 adjective /əˈɡrɛsɪv/

aggressive

агрессивный

Meaning

ready or likely to attack or confront; forceful

Example

The salesman used an aggressive strategy to close the deal.

Продавец использовал агрессивную стратегию, чтобы завершить сделку.

B1 adjective /səˈfɪʃənt/

Sufficient

достаточный; подходящий для цели; удовлетворительный

Meaning

enough; adequate for the purpose; satisfactory

Example

We have sufficient time to complete the project.

У нас достаточно времени для завершения проекта.

B1 noun /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/

Voyage

путешествие; морское путешествие

Meaning

a long journey involving travel by sea or in space

Example

The ship's voyage across the Atlantic took two weeks.

Путешествие корабля через Атлантику заняло две недели.

B1 verb /ˈɪndʒər/

injure

повредить

Meaning

to cause physical harm or damage to someone or something

Example

He injured his leg while playing football.

Он повредил ногу, играя в футбол.

B1 adverb /ˈtʃɪəfəli/

cheerfully

весело

Meaning

in a happy and positive manner; with visible good spirits

Example

She greeted everyone cheerfully despite the long day.

Она весело поприветствовала всех, несмотря на долгий день.

B1 verb /məˈsɑːʒ/

massage

массажировать

Meaning

to rub and press muscles to relieve pain or tension; to manipulate information

Example

The therapist will massage your back to reduce muscle tension.

Терапевт будет массировать вашу спину, чтобы уменьшить напряжение в мышцах.

B1 adverb /trəˈdɪʃənəli/

traditionally

традиционно

Meaning

according to custom or long-established practice

Example

Bangladesh is traditionally known for its hospitality.

Бангладеш традиционно известен своим гостеприимством.

B1 noun, verb /spoʊk/

spoke

спицы / сказал

Meaning

As a noun, a bar connecting the center of a wheel to its rim; as the past tense of 'speak'.

Example

The bicycle's spoke was bent after the accident.

Спица велосипеда была согнута после аварии.

B1 verb /dɪˈliːt/

delete

удалять/удалить

Meaning

to remove or erase something, especially written or recorded information

Example

He accidentally deleted all the files from his computer.

Он случайно удалил все файлы на своем компьютере.

B1 verb /ɪnˈvɛs.tɪ.ɡeɪt/

investigate

расследовать

Meaning

to carry out a systematic inquiry to discover facts or information

Example

The police will investigate the incident thoroughly.

Полиция будет тщательно расследовать происшествие.

B1 noun /beɪkt miːt/

Baked meat

запечённое мясо

Meaning

meat that has been cooked in an oven using dry heat

Example

The baked meat was tender and flavorful.

Запечённое мясо было нежным и вкусным.

Meaning

A settled way of thinking or feeling about someone or something, often reflected in behavior.

Example

Her positive attitude helped her overcome many challenges.

B1 noun /ˈkɪləɡræm/

kilogram

килограмм

Meaning

the base unit of mass in the metric system equal to 1,000 grams

Example

The bag of rice weighs five kilograms.

Мешок риса весит пять килограммов.

Meaning

a rounded glass part of an electric lamp that produces light when lit; also an underground storage organ in some plants

Example

The light bulb burned out, so she replaced it with a new one.

B1 adjective ɪˈfek.tɪv

effective

эффективный

Meaning

Successful in producing a desired or intended result; having the power to influence or produce a result.

Example

Effective policies drive organizational success.

Эффективные политики способствуют организационному успеху.

B1 noun/verb /ˈmætərz/

matters

вопросы / иметь значение

Meaning

important topics, concerns, or issues; as a verb, to be of importance or significance

Example

What she thinks really matters to me.

То, что она думает, действительно имеет значение для меня.

B1 noun /tʃɑːrt/

chart

график

Meaning

a sheet of information in the form of a table, graph, or diagram

Example

The teacher used a chart to explain the statistics.

Учитель использовал график, чтобы объяснить статистику.

B1 verb /preɪ/

pray

молиться

Meaning

to speak to God or a deity; to hope earnestly

Example

Many people pray for peace in the world.

Многие люди молятся о мире в мире.

B1 noun /ˌdek.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

Decoration

декорирование; украшение; приз;

Meaning

the process or art of decorating something; ornamental items used to beautify

Example

The Christmas decoration transformed the ordinary room into a festive wonderland.

Рождественское украшение превратило обычную комнату в праздничную страну чудес.

B1 noun /ˌɑk.jəˈpeɪ.ʃən/

Occupation

профессия; занятие; захват

Meaning

a job or profession; the action of taking control of a place

Example

Teaching is her chosen occupation.

Преподавание - это ее избранная профессия.

B1 adverb /əˈkeɪʒənəli/

Occasionally

иногда; время от времени;

Meaning

sometimes; from time to time; not regularly

Example

I occasionally visit my grandmother on weekends.

Я иногда навещаю свою бабушку по выходным.

B1 noun /ˈrezɪdənt/

Resident

житель

Meaning

a person who lives somewhere permanently or on a long-term basis; living in a particular place

Example

She has been a resident of this city for over ten years.

Она является жителем этого города более десяти лет.

B1 verb /waɪp/

wipe

вытереть

Meaning

to clean or dry something by rubbing with a cloth or tissue

Example

Please wipe the table clean.

Пожалуйста, протрите стол.

B1 noun /ˈkwɒn.tə.ti/

Quantity

количество; число; объем

Meaning

an amount or number of something; the measurable property of something

Example

The quantity of water in the bottle is sufficient for the trip.

Количество воды в бутылке достаточно для путешествия.

B1 /ˈpæt.ən/

Pattern

узор / шаблон

Meaning

A repeated decorative design or a regular way in which something happens or is done.

Example

The dress had a beautiful floral pattern.

Платье имело красивый цветочный узор.

B1 noun əˈses.mənt

assessment

оценка

Meaning

The evaluation or estimation of the nature, quality, or ability of someone or something.

Example

The assessment process ensures fairness.

Процесс оценки обеспечивает справедливость.

B1 adverb /ˈnætʃərəli/

Naturally

естественно

Meaning

in a natural manner; as expected; of course

Example

She naturally excels in mathematics.

Она естественно превосходит в математике.

B1 noun /ˈmeɪkər/

maker

создатель

Meaning

a person or thing that makes or produces something

Example

He is a famous movie maker in Hollywood.

Он знаменитый кинорежиссер в Голливуде.

B1 adjective /ˌlɛftˈhændɪd/

left-handed

левша

Meaning

Using or done with the left hand; also can mean clumsy or awkward.

Example

She is left-handed and writes beautifully with her left hand.

Она левша и красиво пишет левой рукой.

B1 noun /ˈleɪ.bər/

Labour

физический или умственный труд

Meaning

work involving physical or mental effort; workers as a group

Example

The construction required months of hard labour to complete.

Строительство потребовало месяцев тяжелого труда для завершения.

B1 noun /stæf/

staff

персонал

Meaning

a group of employees working together in an organization

Example

The staff at the hospital are very helpful.

Персонал в больнице очень полезен.

B1 adjective ˈsen.sɪ.tɪv

sensitive

чувствительный

Meaning

Quick to detect or respond to slight changes, signals, or influences.

Example

Sensitive systems require precise handling.

Чувствительные системы требуют точной обработки.

B1 verb /ˈɛstɪˌmeɪt/

estimate

оценивать

Meaning

To roughly calculate or judge the value, number, quantity, or extent of something.

Example

The engineer estimated the cost of the project at $5 million.

Инженер оценил стоимость проекта в 5 миллионов долларов.

B1 verb /ɪkˈspænd/

expand

расширять

Meaning

To increase in size, number, or importance.

Example

The company plans to expand its operations into new markets.

Компания планирует расширять свои операции на новые рынки.

B1 noun /əˈsaɪnmənt/

assignment

задание

Meaning

a task or piece of work given to someone as part of their duties

Example

The students completed their homework assignment on time.

Студенты выполнили свое домашнее задание вовремя.

B1 noun ˈwɔː.mɪŋ

warming

потепление

Meaning

The process of becoming warmer; an increase in temperature.

Example

Warming is accelerating due to greenhouse gases.

Потепление ускоряется из-за парниковых газов.

B1 noun /eɪdz/

aids

СПИД

Meaning

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, a disease of the immune system caused by HIV

Example

AIDS is a major global health concern.

СПИД — это серьезная мировая угроза здоровью.

B1 adjective ˈɪnəveɪtɪv

innovative

инновационный

Meaning

Featuring new methods; advanced and original

Example

Innovative strategies are required to combat pollution.

Необходимы инновационные стратегии для борьбы с загрязнением.

B1 noun /fəˈsɪl.ɪ.ti/

facility

учреждение

Meaning

A place, amenity, or piece of equipment provided for a particular purpose.

Example

The facility was well-maintained.

Учреждение было хорошо обслужено.

B1 verb /braʊz/

browse

просматривать

Meaning

To look at or skim through casually, especially online or in a store

Example

She likes to browse books in the library.

Она любит просматривать книги в библиотеке.

B1 noun /ˈfæktər/

factor

фактор

Meaning

A circumstance, fact, or influence that contributes to a result.

Example

Weather is an important factor in crop production.

Погода - важный фактор в производстве сельскохозяйственных культур.

B1 verb /koʊˈɑːpəreɪt/

cooperate

кооперировать

Meaning

to work together; to collaborate

Example

The teams cooperate to achieve their common goals.

Команды кооперируют для достижения своих общих целей.

B1 noun sɪˈlek.ʃən

selection

отбор

Meaning

The action or fact of carefully choosing someone or something as being the best or most suitable.

Example

The selection process is based on merit.

Процесс отбора основывается на заслугах.

B1 adverb /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪkli/

automatically

автоматически

Meaning

without human control or intervention; done by itself

Example

The door closes automatically after you enter.

Дверь закрывается автоматически после того, как вы входите.

B1 noun /ruːt/

route

маршрут

Meaning

a way or course taken to get from one place to another

Example

The best route to the airport is through the highway.

Лучший маршрут до аэропорта — по шоссе.

B1 verb /kənˈkluːd/

conclude

завершить

Meaning

to bring to an end; to decide or determine after consideration

Example

We will conclude the meeting at five o'clock.

Мы завершим встречу в пять часов.

B1 noun /ˈprɛɡnənsi/

pregnancy

беременность

Meaning

the condition of being pregnant; the period during which a woman carries a developing fetus

Example

Her pregnancy was carefully monitored by her doctor.

Ее беременность тщательно контролировалась ее врачом.

B1 noun /ɪkˈsten.ʃən/

Extension

продление; расширение

Meaning

the action of extending something; additional time or space

Example

The professor granted an extension for the assignment deadline.

Профессор дал продление срока для выполнения задания.

B1 noun /ˈvaɪrəs/

virus

вирус

Meaning

A tiny infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism.

Example

The computer was infected with a dangerous virus.

Компьютер был заражён опасным вирусом.

B1 noun /əˈdʒen.də/

Agenda

повестка дня

Meaning

a list of items to be discussed at a meeting; a plan of action

Example

The meeting agenda includes budget discussions.

Повестка дня собрания включает обсуждение бюджета.

B1 noun /ˈsʌb.stəns/

Substance

вещество

Meaning

a particular kind of matter with uniform properties; the essential nature of something; material or content

Example

The scientist analyzed the unknown substance in the laboratory.

Учёный анализировал неизвестное вещество в лаборатории.

B1 noun /treɪd/

trade

торговля

Meaning

The action of buying and selling goods and services.

Example

Trade agreements foster economic development.

Торговые соглашения способствуют экономическому развитию.

B1 verb /wɔːrn/

warn

предупреждать

Meaning

to alert about danger; to give notice of risk

Example

The weather service warns of heavy rain tonight.

Служба погоды предупреждает о сильном дожде сегодня ночью.

B1 noun /mɑːsks/

masks

маска

Meaning

Coverings for all or part of the face, worn as a disguise, for protection, or for medical reasons.

Example

Masks can protect against polluted air.

Маски могут защитить от загрязненного воздуха.

B1 noun /ˈbaɪər/

buyer

покупатель

Meaning

a person who makes a purchase

Example

The buyer inspected the car before making payment.

Покупатель осмотрел машину перед оплатой.

B1 verb /ˈhɛdɪŋ/

heading

направляться

Meaning

Moving in a particular direction.

Example

The ship is heading toward Antarctica.

Корабль направляется в сторону Антарктиды.

B1 verb /əˈsɛs/

assess

оценить

Meaning

to evaluate or estimate the nature, ability, or quality of something

Example

The teacher assessed the students' progress.

Учитель оценил прогресс студентов.

B1 noun /kəmˈpəʊzə(r)/

composer

композитор

Meaning

a person who writes music, especially classical music

Example

The composer is working on a new symphony.

Композитор работает над новой симфонией.

B1 noun səˈluː.ʃənz

solutions

решения

Meaning

A means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation.

Example

Biotechnology provides solutions to environmental challenges.

Биотехнология предоставляет решения для экологических проблем.

B1 verb /pərˈmɪt/

permit

разрешать

Meaning

to allow or give permission; to make possible

Example

The teacher permits students to use calculators during the exam.

Учитель разрешает студентам использовать калькуляторы во время экзамена.

B1 adjective /ˈdɛdɪˌkeɪtɪd/

dedicated

посвящённый

Meaning

devoted to a cause, task, or purpose

Example

She is a dedicated teacher who goes above and beyond for her students.

Она преданный учитель, который идёт выше и дальше ради своих студентов.

B1 noun /ˈslɪpər/

Slipper

тапочка

Meaning

light, comfortable shoe without a back, worn indoors

Example

She put on her slippers before walking around the house.

Она надела тапочки перед тем, как прогуляться по дому.

B1 noun /rɪˈsɔːrs/

resource

ресурс

Meaning

A supply of materials, money, or assets that can be used when needed.

Example

Water is a vital natural resource.

Вода — это жизненно важный природный ресурс.

B1 noun /ˌbækˈjɑːrd/

backyard

счастье

Meaning

an area of land behind a house, typically used for recreation or gardening

Example

The children played football in the backyard.

Она не могла скрыть своего счастья, когда получила награду.

B1 noun /trænzˈleɪʃən/

translation

перевод

Meaning

the process of converting text or speech from one language into another

Example

She completed the translation of the book within two months.

Она завершила перевод книги за два месяца.

B1 adjective /ɪnˈfɔːrməl/

Informal

неформальный; расслабленный; непринужденный

Meaning

relaxed and friendly; not official or ceremonial; casual

Example

The meeting was informal and relaxed.

Встреча была неформальной и расслабленной.

B1 verb /rɪˈliːs/

release

освобождать

Meaning

to set free; to allow something to escape or go away

Example

The prisoner was released after ten years.

Prizn'er byl released posle desyati let.

B1 adverb /ˈrɒŋli/

wrongly

неправильно

Meaning

in an incorrect or mistaken way; unfairly or unjustly

Example

He was wrongly accused of the crime.

Его неправильно обвинили в преступлении.