tensile
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C2 adjective ˈtɛnsaɪl

tensile

引張り強度
Meaning
Relating to tension; capable of being stretched.
Example
The tensile strength of the material is crucial for the construction project.
材料の引張強度は建設プロジェクトにとって重要です。
B2 verb /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/

simplify

簡単にする
Meaning
to make easier to understand or do; to reduce complexity
Example
The teacher simplified the complex equation for the students.
教師は生徒のために複雑な方程式を簡単にしました。
C1 noun /naɪˈiːvteɪ/

naivete

Meaning
The quality of being naive; lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment.
Example
His naivete made him an easy target for manipulation.
A2 noun /ˈtʃer.i/

Cherry

さくらんぼ
Meaning
a small round red or black fruit with a hard seed inside
Example
She picked fresh cherries from the tree in her garden.
彼女は庭の木から新鮮なさくらんぼを摘んだ。
C1 adjective /ˈɛntərˌpraɪzɪŋ/

enterprising

企業家精神のある
Meaning
showing initiative and resourcefulness; willing to take risks to achieve success
Example
She is an enterprising young entrepreneur.
彼女は企業家精神のある若い起業家です。
C1 noun /ˌeɪ.li.əˈneɪ.ʃən/

alienation

疎外
Meaning
The state of being isolated or estranged from a group or activity.
Example
The new policies created a sense of alienation among employees.
新しい政策は従業員の間に疎外感を生み出しました。
B1 noun /ˈmæɡnət/

magnet

磁石
Meaning
An object that produces a magnetic field and attracts metals like iron.
Example
The magnet held the paper to the fridge door.
磁石は紙を冷蔵庫のドアに引き寄せました。
C2 adjective /ˈɪndələnt/

indolent

怠惰
Meaning
Wanting to avoid activity or exertion; lazy.
Example
The indolent cat slept in the sun all afternoon.
怠惰な猫は午後ずっと太陽の下で寝ていました。
C2 noun kənˌsep.tʃu.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

conceptualization

概念化
Meaning
The process of forming a concept or idea; the process of developing something in the mind.
Example
The conceptualization of renewable cities is groundbreaking.
再生可能な都市の概念化は画期的です。
B2 noun /ˈtʌndrə/

tundra

ツンドラ
Meaning
A vast, flat, treeless Arctic region where the subsoil is permanently frozen.
Example
Polar bears roam across the icy tundra.
ホッキョクグマは氷のツンドラを歩き回っています。
A1 verb /stænd/

stand

立つ
Meaning
to be in an upright position; to tolerate or endure
Example
Please stand up when the teacher enters.
先生が入る時に立ってください。
B2 noun /ˈblʌn.dər/

blunder

愚かなまたは不注意なミス; 判断における重大な誤り。
Meaning
A stupid or careless mistake; a serious error in judgment.
Example
His blunder cost the company a fortune.
彼の失敗は会社に大きな損失を与えました。
C1 noun ˌvæljuˈeɪʃən

valuation

評価
Meaning
An estimation of the worth of something.
Example
The valuation of the property was much higher than expected.
その不動産の評価は予想よりはるかに高かった。
A2 noun /ˈbætəri/

battery

バッテリー
Meaning
A device that stores and provides electrical energy; also refers to a group of similar things or repeated blows.
Example
The phone battery ran out after a long day.
電話のバッテリーは長い一日の後に切れました。
B1 adjective /ʌnˈjuzd/

Unused

未使用の; 使われていない
Meaning
not being used; not having been used before
Example
There are many unused rooms in this old mansion.
この古い館には未使用の部屋がたくさんあります。
B2 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈviːniənt/

Inconvenient

不便な; 面倒な; 困難な
Meaning
causing trouble, difficulties, or discomfort; awkward; troublesome
Example
The broken elevator made it inconvenient to reach the top floor.
壊れたエレベーターは、最上階に到達するのを不便にしました。
C1 verb /ˈseɪ.vər/

savor

味わう
Meaning
To enjoy something completely, especially by dwelling on it.
Example
He savored every bite of the delicious cake.
彼はおいしいケーキの一口一口を味わった。
B2 noun /ˈter.ər.ɪ.zəm/

Terrorism

テロリズム
Meaning
the unlawful use of violence and intimidation against civilians for political aims
Example
The government increased security measures to prevent terrorism.
政府はテロリズムを防止するためにセキュリティ対策を強化しました。
B2 adjective sɪnˈθet̬.ɪk

synthetic

合成の
Meaning
Made by chemical synthesis, especially to imitate a natural product; artificial.
Example
Synthetic chemicals are used in processed foods.
合成化学物質は加工食品に使用されます。
C2 noun /prɪˈpɒndərəns/

preponderance

優位性
Meaning
The quality or fact of being greater in number, quantity, or importance.
Example
There was a preponderance of evidence against the defendant.
被告に対する証拠の優位性があった。
B1 adjective /ʌnˈpɒpjʊlə/

unpopular

不人気な
Meaning
not liked or supported by many people
Example
The decision was unpopular with the public.
その決定は世間で不人気だった。
B1 adverb /ˈsel.dəm/

Seldom

めったにない
Meaning
not often; rarely; infrequently
Example
She seldom goes to the cinema.
彼女はめったに映画館に行きません。
A2 noun /frʌnt/

front

前面
Meaning
the forward-facing part of something
Example
The house has a garden in front.
家の前に庭があります。
C1 adjective /ʌlˈtɪəriər/

ulterior

隠された動機
Meaning
hidden or secret, often with a selfish motive
Example
He invited her with an ulterior motive.
彼は隠された動機で彼女を招待した。
B1 noun/verb /ˈmætərz/

matters

問題 / 重要である
Meaning
important topics, concerns, or issues; as a verb, to be of importance or significance
Example
What she thinks really matters to me.
彼女が思うことは私にとって本当に重要です。
B1 noun /ˌrɛp.jʊˈteɪ.ʃən/

reputation

評判, 名声
Meaning
The opinion generally held about someone or something; fame or prestige.
Example
A good reputation is essential for business success.
良い評判はビジネスの成功に不可欠です。
A2 verb /prəˈvaɪd/

provide

提供する
Meaning
to give or supply something that is needed or wanted
Example
The teacher will provide extra materials for the students.
教師は学生に追加の資料を提供するでしょう。
B2 noun /ˈpɪlər/

pillar

柱
Meaning
a strong vertical support or mainstay of a structure or system
Example
The ancient temple was supported by massive stone pillars.
古代の寺院は巨大な石の柱によって支えられていました。
C2 noun /ˈkɪləˌliːtər/

kiloliter

キロリットル
Meaning
a unit of capacity equal to 1,000 liters
Example
The tank can hold up to three kiloliters of water.
タンクは最大で3キロリットルの水を保持できます。
C1 noun /ˈsteɪ.ʃən.ər/

Stationer

文房具店
Meaning
a person who sells paper, pens, pencils, and other office supplies
Example
The stationer recommended the best pens for writing exams.
文房具屋は試験のための最適なペンを推薦しました。
C2 adjective /ˈʌndjʊleɪtɪŋ/

undulating

波打つ
Meaning
Having a smoothly rising and falling form or motion like waves.
Example
We drove through undulating hills.
私たちは起伏のある丘をドライブしました。
B2 adjective /ʌnˈiːzi/

Uneasy

不安な; 心配な; 落ち着かない
Meaning
worried; anxious; uncomfortable; restless
Example
She felt uneasy about walking alone at night.
彼女は夜一人で歩くことに不安を感じていた。
C2 adjective /ˈrɪz.ə.bəl/

risible

滑稽な
Meaning
so absurd or ridiculous that it deserves to be laughed at
Example
The idea of flying pigs is completely risible.
飛ぶ豚のアイデアは完全に滑稽です。
B1 adjective /ɪnˈtɜːrnəl/

internal

内部
Meaning
situated inside; relating to the inside or inner part of something
Example
The company is conducting an internal audit this month.
その会社は今月内部監査を行っています。
B2 noun nɪˈsesɪti

necessity

必要性
Meaning
The fact of being required or indispensable; an indispensable thing.
Example
Waste management is a necessity for environmental sustainability.
廃棄物管理は環境の持続可能性にとって必要不可欠です。
C2 noun /ˈdaɪˌsɪləbəl/

disyllable

二音節語
Meaning
a word consisting of two syllables
Example
The word 'happy' is a disyllable.
‘ハッピー’という単語は二音節語です。
B2 adjective /hɪˈroʊɪk/

heroic

英雄的な
Meaning
showing great bravery or courage; relating to a hero or heroes
Example
The firefighter made a heroic effort to save the child.
消防士は子どもを救うために英雄的な努力をした。
C1 noun /ˌɑːrtʃˈbɪʃəp/

archbishop

大司教
Meaning
A senior bishop in charge of an archdiocese in the Christian Church.
Example
The archbishop delivered a sermon to thousands of people.
アーチビショップは何千人もの人々に説教をしました。
C2 verb /ˈsɛreɪt/

serrate

ギザギザの縁を作る
Meaning
To make a saw-toothed edge or notched margin.
Example
The craftsman serrated the knife blade for better cutting.
職人はより良い切断のためにナイフの刃をセレイトしました。
B2 noun /tsuːˈnɑː.mi/

tsunami

津波
Meaning
a large sea wave caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption
Example
The tsunami devastated the coastal town, leaving thousands homeless.
津波は沿岸の町を壊滅させ、何千人もの人々を家なしにしました。
B1 noun /ˈkɒnflɪkt/

conflict

対立
Meaning
A serious disagreement or argument, often a prolonged one.
Example
The two countries are trying to resolve the conflict through negotiations.
二国は交渉を通じて対立を解決しようとしています。
C1 verb /ˈrævɪdʒ/

ravage

荒廃させる
Meaning
to cause severe and extensive damage or destruction
Example
The hurricane ravaged the coastal villages.
ハリケーンは沿岸の村を荒廃させた。
C1 verb diːˈsɛn.sɪ.taɪz

desensitize

脱感作
Meaning
To make someone less sensitive or reactive to something through repeated exposure.
Example
Constant exposure to violence can desensitize people.
継続的な暴力の露出は人々を鈍感にする可能性があります。
B2 noun /ˈɡlæmər/

glamor

魅力
Meaning
An attractive or exciting quality that makes something or someone appealing.
Example
The glamor of city life attracts many young people.
都市生活の魅力は多くの若者を引きつけます。
C2 verb /həˈbɪtʃuˌeɪt/

habituate

習慣づける
Meaning
to make someone accustomed to something
Example
The monks habituated themselves to meditation.
僧侶たちは瞑想に慣れました。
B2 verb /ˈspɛkjʊˌleɪt/

speculate

推測する / 投資する
Meaning
To form a theory or guess without firm evidence; to invest in stocks, property, etc. hoping for profit.
Example
Experts speculate that the company may expand into new markets.
専門家は会社が新しい市場に進出する可能性があると予測しています。
B1 adjective /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

cutting

鋭い
Meaning
sharp or severe, often used to describe remarks or actions
Example
Her cutting remarks made everyone feel uncomfortable.
彼女の鋭いコメントはみんなを不快にさせた。
B2 noun /ˈɛθɪks/

ethics

倫理
Meaning
moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conduct of an activity
Example
Business ethics require companies to act fairly and responsibly.
ビジネス倫理は、企業に公平かつ責任を持って行動することを求めます。
C1 noun /ˈneɪ.vəl fɔːrs/

Naval Force

海軍
Meaning
the branch of a nation's armed services that conducts military operations at sea
Example
The naval force protected the country's coastline from enemy attacks.
海軍は敵の攻撃から国の海岸線を守った
B2 noun /trəˈdɪʃ.ən.əl ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi/

traditional economy

伝統経済
Meaning
An economic system based on customs and traditions, often involving barter trade.
Example
Tribes still practice a traditional economy based on barter trade.
部族はまだ物々交換に基づいた伝統経済を実践しています。
C1 noun /bʌm/

bum

尻
Meaning
informal term for the buttocks; also a homeless or lazy person
Example
He sat on his bum all day doing nothing.
彼は一日中お尻に座って何もしなかった。
C1 verb /kəˈleɪt/

collate

整理する
Meaning
to collect, arrange, and combine in order
Example
The secretary collated the reports before the meeting.
秘書は会議前に報告書を整理した。
C1 noun /ɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃən/

intimidation

威圧
Meaning
The action of frightening or threatening someone to make them do something.
Example
The workers reported cases of intimidation by the management.
労働者たちは経営陣による威圧の事例を報告しました。
B2 noun /ˈʃʌv.əl/

Shovel

シャベル
Meaning
a tool with a broad flat blade and long handle used for digging and moving earth, snow, or other materials
Example
He grabbed a shovel to clear the snow from the driveway.
彼は車道から雪を取り除くためにシャベルを取った。
B1 verb /skrætʃ/

scratch

幸せ
Meaning
to rub a surface or skin with something sharp or rough, often to relieve itching
Example
The cat scratched the door to be let in.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。
A2 noun /ˈpɑːrkɪŋ/

parking

駐車場
Meaning
the action or practice of leaving a vehicle in a particular place for a period of time
Example
There was no available parking near the restaurant.
レストランの近くには駐車場がありませんでした。
C1 noun /ˈnaɪt.hʊd/

knighthood

騎士の位
Meaning
The rank or dignity of a knight, or the ceremony of conferring knighthood.
Example
He was honored with knighthood for his contributions to science.
彼は科学への貢献で騎士の位を授与されました。
B2 noun, verb /slænt/

slant

偏った見解
Meaning
A particular point of view; to slope or lean in a particular direction.
Example
The article had a political slant.
その記事には政治的な傾向がありました。
C1 adjective /ˈnɔːtɪkəl/

nautical

航海
Meaning
relating to ships, sailors, or navigation on water
Example
He studied nautical charts before setting sail.
彼は出航前に海図を勉強しました。
C1 noun ˈsɒl.vən.si

solvency

負債を超える資産の所有; 借金を返済する能力
Meaning
The possession of assets in excess of liabilities; ability to pay debts.
Example
The company's solvency improved after restructuring.
会社のソルベンシーは再編成後に改善されました。
C1 adjective /ˈen.vi.ə.bəl/

Enviable

うらやましい
Meaning
causing envy; desirable
Example
Her success was enviable among her peers.
彼女の成功は仲間の間でうらやましかった。
C1 noun /trænsˈfjuːʒən/

transfusion

輸血
Meaning
the process of transferring blood or another fluid into a person's vein
Example
The patient received a blood transfusion after the accident.
事故後、患者は輸血を受けました。
B1 noun /ˈwaɪər/

wire

ワイヤー
Meaning
a thin, flexible thread of metal used to conduct electricity or connect things
Example
The electrician fixed the wire to restore the power.
電気技師は電力を回復させるためにワイヤーを修理しました。
C2 noun /ˌpaɪroʊˈmeɪniæk/

pyromaniac

放火魔
Meaning
A person with an uncontrollable desire to set things on fire.
Example
The pyromaniac was arrested for setting several buildings ablaze.
放火魔は数軒の建物に火をつけたことで逮捕された。
C1 adjective /ˌɛm.briˈɒn.ɪk/

embryonic

胚芽の
Meaning
in an early or undeveloped stage; relating to an embryo
Example
The project is still in its embryonic stage.
そのプロジェクトはまだ胚芽段階にあります。
A2 adjective /ˈkjʊriəs/

curious

好奇心旺盛な
Meaning
Eager to know or learn something.
Example
The curious explorers asked questions about Antarctica.
好奇心旺盛な探検家たちは南極について質問をした。
B1 noun /ˌmæθəˈmætɪks/

mathematics

数学
Meaning
the abstract science of number, quantity, and space; the study of numbers and their operations
Example
Mathematics helps us understand patterns in nature and the universe.
数学は私たちが自然界や宇宙のパターンを理解するのに役立ちます。
C2 verb /ˈʌndərˌraɪt/

underwrite

Meaning
To guarantee financial support, especially by agreeing to cover losses or risks; in insurance, to assess and accept risks.
Example
The bank agreed to underwrite the company's new bond issue.
A1 adjective /dʒʌst/

Just

公正な; 正義の; 適切な
Meaning
fair; righteous; morally right; appropriate
Example
The judge made a just decision in the case.
裁判官は事件に公正な判断を下しました。
A2 conjunction /ɔːlˈðoʊ/

although

しかし
Meaning
in spite of the fact that; even though
Example
Although it was raining, they went for a walk.
しかし、雨が降っていたが、彼らは散歩に出かけた。
C2 noun /ˈkænə/

Canna

カンナ
Meaning
a tropical flowering plant with large, colorful flowers and broad leaves
Example
The bright orange canna lilies grew tall beside the pond.
明るいオレンジ色のカンナリリーが池の横に高く成長しました。
B1 noun prəˈpoʊzəl

proposal

提案
Meaning
A plan or suggestion, especially a formal or written one, put forward for consideration or discussion by others.
Example
The proposal was not sustained.
その提案は受け入れられませんでした。
B1 verb /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

establish

設立する
Meaning
To set up, create, or bring into existence something on a firm basis.
Example
The company plans to establish a new office in Dhaka.
その会社はダッカに新しいオフィスを設立する予定です。
C2 noun /ˈtuːb.roʊz/

Tube-rose

チューバローズ
Meaning
a night-blooming flower with an intensely sweet fragrance, native to Mexico
Example
The tuberose flowers filled the evening air with their heavenly scent.
チューバローズの花は夕方の空気に天国のような香りを満たしました。
C2 noun /ˈlɪŋ.ɡoʊ/

lingo

専門用語
Meaning
Specialized or informal language used by a particular group that is often difficult for outsiders to understand.
Example
The manual was written in technical lingo that confused the new employees.
マニュアルは技術的な用語で書かれており、新しい従業員を混乱させました。
B2 verb /flɪk/

flick

素早く叩く
Meaning
to move or cause to move with a sudden quick motion
Example
He flicked the switch to turn on the light.
彼はライトをつけるためにスイッチをフリックしました。
C2 noun /ˈɡræn.juːl/

granule

粒
Meaning
A small compact particle of a substance.
Example
Each granule of salt sparkled under the sunlight.
塩の粒は日光の下で輝いていました。
B2 noun /ˌhez.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Hesitation

ためらい; 躊躇
Meaning
the action of pausing or delaying; uncertainty or unwillingness to act
Example
After a moment of hesitation, she decided to accept the challenging job offer from the company.
一瞬のためらいの後、彼女は会社からの挑戦的な仕事のオファーを受け入れることに決めました。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/

instructive

教育的
Meaning
useful and informative; providing knowledge or instruction
Example
The lecture was highly instructive and engaging.
その講義は非常に教育的で魅力的でした。
A2 noun /ɡlʌvz/

Gloves

手袋
Meaning
coverings for the hands with separate parts for each finger
Example
She wore warm gloves to protect her hands from the cold.
彼女は寒さから手を守るために暖かい手袋をはめました。
C2 noun /ˈdæstərd/

dastard

卑怯者
Meaning
a cowardly or dishonorable person
Example
Only a dastard would betray his closest friend.
裏切るのは卑怯者だけだ。
C1 noun /ˈtʃæriət/

Chariot

戦車
Meaning
an ancient horse-drawn vehicle used in warfare and racing
Example
The warrior rode his chariot into battle with great courage.
戦士はその戦車に乗って勇敢に戦いに挑みました。
C1 verb /per/

pare

皮をむく
Meaning
to cut away the outer covering or reduce something gradually
Example
She pared the apple before eating it.
彼女はリンゴを食べる前に皮をむいた。
A2 noun /lɔː/

Law

法律
Meaning
a rule or system of rules recognized by a country or community as regulating the actions of its members
Example
Everyone must obey the law.
すべての人は法律を守らなければなりません。
A2 noun /ˈplænɪt/

Planet

惑星
Meaning
a celestial body moving in an elliptical orbit around a star
Example
Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.
火星は太陽から数えて太陽系の4番目の惑星です。
A1 adverb /wʌns/

Once

一度; 過去に
Meaning
one time only; at some time in the past; formerly
Example
I have been to Paris once in my life.
私は一度だけパリに行ったことがあります。
A1 noun /tɔɪ/

toy

おもちゃ
Meaning
an object for children to play with
Example
The child received a toy car for his birthday.
その子は誕生日におもちゃの車をもらいました。
C1 noun /ˌdʒʊə.rɪsˈdɪk.ʃən/

Jurisdiction

管轄
Meaning
the official power to make legal decisions and judgments; the extent of this power
Example
This case falls under the jurisdiction of the federal court.
このケースは連邦裁判所の管轄下にあります。
C1 verb /kənˈkɜːr/

concur

同意する
Meaning
To agree with someone or something.
Example
I concur with your opinion on this matter.
私はこの件に関してあなたの意見に同意します。
C1 noun ˌɪnˈsaɪtfʊlnɪs

insightfulness

洞察力、分析能力
Meaning
The capacity to gain an accurate and deep intuitive understanding of a person or thing.
Example
His insightfulness helped solve the complex problem.
彼の洞察力は複雑な問題を解決するのに役立ちました。
B2 adjective /ˈʃæl.oʊ/

Shallow

浅い; 表面的; 知識の深さが欠けている
Meaning
not deep; superficial; lacking depth of knowledge
Example
The shallow water is perfect for children to play.
浅い水は子供たちが遊ぶのに最適です。
C2 noun /sɛkˈstɛt/

sextet

六重奏
Meaning
a group of six people playing music or a piece written for six performers
Example
The jazz sextet filled the small club with a warm, layered sound.
ジャズのセクステットは、小さなクラブを温かく層状の音で満たしました。
C1 noun /ˈælkəmi/

alchemy

錬金術
Meaning
A medieval practice combining elements of chemistry and philosophy, aimed at transforming matter, especially turning base metals into gold.
Example
Medieval scientists devoted their lives to alchemy.
中世の科学者たちは命を錬金術に捧げました。
C1 verb /daɪˈluːt/

dilute

薄める
Meaning
To make a liquid thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent.
Example
You should dilute the juice with water before serving it to children.
子供たちに出す前にジュースを水で薄めるべきです。
C1 verb /bɪˈriːv/

bereave

大切な人を失う
Meaning
to deprive someone of a loved one through death
Example
She was bereaved of her husband last year.
彼女は昨年、夫を亡くしました。
C2 verb /ˈtʃɔːrtl/

chortle

喜んで笑う
Meaning
to laugh in a breathy, gleeful way
Example
The audience chortled at the comedian's witty remarks.
観客はコメディアンのウィットに富んだコメントにクスクスと笑った。
B2 noun/verb /ɔːˈdɪʃən/

audition

オーディション
Meaning
A trial performance by an actor, singer, or musician to demonstrate suitability for a role.
Example
She auditioned for the lead role in the school play.
彼女は学校の劇で主役の役をオーディションした。
C2 adverb, noun /ˈwɛə.wɪð/

wherewith

手段
Meaning
With which; the means or resources needed for something.
Example
He lacked the money wherewith to buy a new house.
彼は新しい家を買うためのお金がなかった。
C1 noun /ˈpleɪˌraɪt/

playwright

劇作家
Meaning
a person who writes plays
Example
Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright of all time.
シェイクスピアはすべての時代で最も偉大な劇作家と見なされています。
B2 adjective /əˈlɛdʒd/

alleged

疑われた
Meaning
said or thought to be true, but not proven
Example
The alleged thief was caught by the police.
疑われた泥棒は警察に捕まった。
B1 noun /ˈvɪərər/

viewer

視聴者
Meaning
a person who watches something, especially television or video content
Example
The viewer is able to switch channels with the remote control.
視聴者はリモコンでチャンネルを切り替えることができます。
B2 noun /ˈvɪɡ.ər/

Vigour

身体的な力と健康; 努力、エネルギー、熱意
Meaning
physical strength and good health; effort, energy, and enthusiasm
Example
She approached her work with renewed vigour after the vacation.
休暇後、彼女は新たな活力で仕事に取り組みました。
A2 noun əˈlɪm.pɪk ɡeɪmz

Olympic Games

オリンピック競技大会
Meaning
The world's largest international sports competition held every four years, bringing together athletes from different countries to compete in various sports.
Example
The Olympic Games bring together the world's top athletes.
オリンピック競技大会は世界のトップアスリートを集めます。
C2 noun /ˈvɪtrioʊl/

vitriol

辛辣な批判
Meaning
harsh and bitter criticism
Example
The politician faced vitriol from the public.
政治家は一般市民から辛辣な批判に直面した。
B2 noun /prəˈsiːdɪŋ/

proceeding

手続き
Meaning
a course of action; often used for a legal process or event
Example
The court proceedings lasted for several hours.
裁判所の手続きは数時間続きました。
C1 noun /ˈvɛriəns/

variance

分散
Meaning
the state of being different or inconsistent; in statistics, a measure of the spread between numbers
Example
There is a wide variance in students' performance levels.
学生のパフォーマンスレベルには大きな分散があります。
B1 noun/verb /wuːnd/

wound

幸福
Meaning
an injury to the body or to harm someone
Example
He received a deep wound on his arm.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。
B2 noun /dɪˈnɒmɪˌneɪtər/

denominator

分母
Meaning
the number below the line in a fraction; a common factor in a situation
Example
In the fraction 3/4, the number 4 is the denominator.
3/4の分数では、4は分母です。
B2 noun /pʌntʃ/

Punch

パンチ
Meaning
a tool used for making holes or indentations in materials
Example
The carpenter used a punch to make holes in the leather.
大工は革に穴を開けるためにパンチを使用しました。
A2 noun /hoʊl/

Hole

穴; 穴ぼこ;
Meaning
a hollow place in a solid body or surface; an opening through something
Example
The dog dug a deep hole in the backyard to bury its favorite bone.
犬は裏庭に深い穴を掘って、お気に入りの骨を埋めました。
C1 noun /ˈsuːdənɪm/

pseudonym

筆名
Meaning
a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name
Example
Mark Twain was the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.
マーク・トウェインはサミュエル・クレメンスの筆名でした。
A1 noun /ˈpɛərənt/

parent

親
Meaning
a mother or father of a person or animal
Example
Both of his parents are teachers.
彼の両親は教師です。
C2 noun /ˈpoʊtənˌteɪt/

potentate

君主
Meaning
A monarch or ruler, especially one with absolute power.
Example
The ancient land was ruled by a powerful potentate.
古代の土地は強力な君主によって支配されていました。
B2 adverb /ˈskeəs.li/

Scarcely

ほとんど; ほとんどない; わずかに
Meaning
hardly; barely; only just
Example
I could scarcely believe my eyes.
私は自分の目をほとんど信じられなかった。
C1 noun /ˈrez.ɪ.dənt ˈkəʊ.ɔː.dɪ.neɪ.tər/

resident coordinator

居住者コーディネーター
Meaning
A local administrator or official who coordinates activities in a specific region.
Example
The resident coordinator welcomed all representatives.
居住者コーディネーターは全ての代表者を歓迎しました。
C2 verb /kəˈraʊz/

carouse

騒いで飲む
Meaning
to drink and enjoy oneself noisily, often with others
Example
They stayed up all night to carouse after the victory.
彼らは勝利の後、一晩中騒いで飲んでいた。
B2 verb /dɪˈmɒlɪʃ/

demolish

取り壊す
Meaning
to destroy completely, especially a building or structure
Example
The city decided to demolish the old stadium to build a new one.
その都市は新しいものを作るために古いスタジアムを取り壊すことに決めました。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

inhibited

抑制された
Meaning
Unable to act in a relaxed and natural way, especially due to self-consciousness or restraint.
Example
He was too inhibited to express his true feelings.
彼は自分の本当の感情を表現するにはあまりにも抑制されていた。
C2 verb /əˈdʒʊər/

adjure

誓約させる
Meaning
to urge or command someone solemnly, often under oath or a strong sense of duty
Example
The witness was adjured to tell the truth in court.
証人は法廷で真実を話すように命じられた。
B1 noun riˈækʃən

reaction

反応
Meaning
An action performed or a feeling experienced in response to a situation or event.
Example
The arrests triggered a reaction.
逮捕は反応を引き起こしました。
C1 adjective /ˈpɒp.jʊ.ləs/

Populous

人口密度が高い
Meaning
having a large population; densely populated; crowded with people
Example
China is the most populous country in the world.
中国は世界で最も人口の多い国です。