A2 adverb /ˈsʌm.weər/

Somewhere

どこか

Meaning

in or at some place; in an unspecified location

Example

I left my keys somewhere in the house.

家の中のどこかに鍵を置いてきた。

A2 adjective /frɛʃ/

fresh

新鮮

Meaning

new, recently made, or clean and pure

Example

The bread is still fresh from the oven.

パンはオーブンから出たばかりです。

C1 noun /ˌpændəˈmoʊniəm/

pandemonium

混乱

Meaning

Wild and noisy disorder or confusion; uproar.

Example

When the concert was canceled, pandemonium broke out among the crowd.

コンサートがキャンセルされたとき、観客の間で混乱が起きました。

C2 noun /ˈdoʊneɪtər/

donator

寄付者

Meaning

A person who gives something, especially money or goods, as a donation.

Example

The donator wished to remain anonymous after contributing a large sum.

寄付者は大きな金額を寄付した後、匿名でいることを希望しました。

C2 noun /ˈprɒvəndər/

provender

家畜用の餌

Meaning

food or provisions, especially for livestock

Example

The barn was filled with provender for the cattle.

納屋は家畜用の餌でいっぱいだった。

C2 adjective /ˈbɛərˌfeɪst/

barefaced

厚かましい

Meaning

shameless and undisguised; openly bold or unashamed

Example

He told a barefaced lie in front of everyone.

彼はみんなの前で厚かましい嘘をついた。

C2 adjective /rɪˈkæl.sɪ.trənt/

recalcitrant

反抗的, 頑固な, 服従しない

Meaning

Having an obstinately uncooperative attitude toward authority or discipline.

Example

The recalcitrant student refused to follow rules.

反抗的な学生は規則に従うことを拒否した。

C1 adjective ʌnˈmætʃt

unmatched

比類のない

Meaning

Not equaled or rivaled by any other; without equal.

Example

The freedom fighters showed unmatched bravery.

自由の戦士たちは比類のない勇気を示しました。

A2 noun, verb /ˈsɛntəns/

sentence

文; 刑期

Meaning

A set of words that expresses a complete thought; or a punishment given by a court of law.

Example

The judge gave him a five-year prison sentence.

裁判官は彼に5年間の刑期を与えました。

C2 noun /ˈθiːɪzəm/

theism

神義論

Meaning

Belief in the existence of a god or gods, especially a creator who intervenes in the universe.

Example

Theism is central to many world religions.

神義論は多くの世界の宗教において中心的な存在です。

B1 noun/verb /ˈleɪ.bər/

labor

労働

Meaning

work, especially hard physical work; to work hard

Example

The workers labored in the hot sun all day.

作業員たちは暑い太陽の下で一日中働いた。

C1 noun (plural) /ˈhɪntərlændz/

hinterlands

辺境地

Meaning

Plural of hinterland; remote or less developed regions.

Example

Explorers traveled deep into the hinterlands of the country.

探検家たちはその国の辺境地に深く旅しました。

B1 adjective /ˌʌnˈpeɪd/

Unpaid

無給の; 支払いなし

Meaning

not paid for; without payment or salary

Example

She worked as an unpaid intern for six months.

彼女は無給のインターンとして6ヶ月間働きました。

B2 noun /lʌŋ/

Lung

肺

Meaning

either of the two organs in the chest that you use for breathing

Example

Smoking can cause serious damage to your lungs.

喫煙はあなたの肺に深刻なダメージを与える可能性があります。

C1 noun /ˌpiːdiˈætrɪks/

pediatrics

小児科

Meaning

the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of children

Example

She decided to specialize in pediatrics after medical school.

彼女は医科大学を卒業後、小児科を専門にすることに決めました。

C1 verb /ɪnˈɡreɪv/

engrave

刻む

Meaning

to cut or carve a design, letter, or pattern into a hard surface

Example

The craftsman engraved her name on the silver ring.

職人は銀の指輪に彼女の名前を刻んだ。

C1 noun /wɪk/

Wick

キャンドルの芯

Meaning

a cord or strand of cotton that burns to provide light in a candle or lamp

Example

The candle wick needs to be trimmed for better burning.

キャンドルの芯は、より良く燃えるために切る必要があります。

C2 noun /ˈdræɡˌnɛt/

dragnet

広域捜査

Meaning

A systematic search or investigation, often by police to catch criminals.

Example

The police launched a dragnet to capture the fugitives.

警察は逃亡者を捕まえるために広域捜査を開始した。

B1 noun /ɪkˈspens/

Expense

費用; 支出;

Meaning

the cost required for something; money spent on something

Example

The travel expense for the business trip was covered by the company.

出張費用は会社が負担しました。

A2 noun /ˈwɛdɪŋ/

wedding

結婚式

Meaning

a marriage ceremony, especially considered as including the associated celebrations

Example

They are planning a wedding in the summer.

彼らは夏に結婚式を計画しています。

C1 adjective /ˈɡæl.ənt/

gallant

勇敢な, 英雄的な

Meaning

Brave, heroic, or chivalrous.

Example

The gallant firefighter saved the child from the burning building.

その勇敢な消防士は燃えている建物から子供を助けました。

A1 noun neɪmz

Names

名前

Meaning

A word or set of words by which a person or thing is known.

Example

Names of family members are written on the family tree.

家族の名前は家系図に書かれています。

B2 noun ˌsaɪ.bə.sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti

cybersecurity

サイバーセキュリティ

Meaning

The practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks

Example

Cybersecurity ensures safe digital operations.

サイバーセキュリティはデジタル運用の安全を確保します。

C1 verb /ʌnˈnɜːrv/

unnerve

自信を失う

Meaning

to make someone lose confidence, courage, or composure

Example

The hostile questions began to unnerve the witness.

敵意のある質問が証人を動揺させ始めた。

C2 verb /ˌriː.kəˈpɪtʃ.ə.leɪt/

recapitulate

要約する

Meaning

To summarize and state again the main points of something.

Example

The teacher asked the student to recapitulate the lesson.

教師は生徒にレッスンを要約するように頼みました。

B2 noun /ˈpref.ər.əns/

Preference

優先

Meaning

a greater liking for one alternative over another or others

Example

She has a preference for classical music over pop music.

彼女はポップ音楽よりもクラシック音楽を好む。

A2 noun /nɒk/

Knock

ノック; 叩く

Meaning

a sudden sharp blow; the sound of striking something

Example

There was a loud knock at the door late at night.

深夜にドアで大きなノックの音がしました。

C1 adjective /ˈrez.ə.luːt/

Resolute

決意の; 断固たる; 揺るがない

Meaning

determined; having a firm decision; unwavering

Example

She remained resolute in her decision to pursue her dreams.

彼女は夢を追い求める決意を固く持ち続けました。

B2 adjective /ˈslɪp.ər.i/

Slippery

滑りやすい

Meaning

smooth and difficult to hold; causing sliding or slipping

Example

The wet floor was very slippery after cleaning.

清掃後、濡れた床はとても滑りやすかった。

C2 noun /pərˈdɪʃən/

perdition

幸福

Meaning

A state of eternal spiritual ruin, often referring to hell or damnation.

Example

The preacher warned that greed would lead to perdition.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸福を隠すことができなかった。

C1 noun /ˈblɛm.ɪʃ/

blemish

欠点

Meaning

A small mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something.

Example

The mirror had a small blemish on the surface.

鏡には表面に小さな欠点があった。

C1 noun /hɒˈstɪləti/

hostility

敵意

Meaning

hostile behavior; unfriendliness or opposition

Example

The negotiations ended in an atmosphere of hostility.

交渉は敵意の雰囲気で終わった。

C2 verb /ˌɛfəˈvɛs/

effervesce

泡立つ

Meaning

To give off bubbles of gas; to show excitement, liveliness, or enthusiasm.

Example

The soda began to effervesce as soon as it was opened.

ソーダは開けるとすぐに泡が立ち始めました。

B2 noun /kreɪn/

Crane

クレーン

Meaning

a large tall bird with long legs and neck; a machine for lifting heavy objects

Example

The graceful crane stood motionless by the water's edge.

優雅なクレーンは水辺に静止して立っていた。

B2 adjective /ˌprɒb.ləˈmæt.ɪk/

Problematic

問題のある; 問題を引き起こす

Meaning

causing problems; troublesome; difficult to deal with

Example

The new policy changes are problematic and need to be reviewed.

新しい政策変更は問題があり、再評価する必要があります。

B2 noun /ˈkɒnsənənt/

consonant

子音

Meaning

A speech sound produced by blocking air flow, or a letter representing such a sound.

Example

The word 'cat' has two consonants and one vowel.

‘猫’という単語には、2つの子音と1つの母音があります。

A2 verb /wɔːrm/

Warm

温める

Meaning

to make or become warm; to heat something gently

Example

The sun warms the earth during the day.

太陽は昼間に地球を温める。

C1 adjective /ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs/

Miscellaneous

雑多な; 混合された; 多様な

Meaning

various; diverse; mixed; assorted

Example

The box contained miscellaneous items from different periods.

箱には異なる時期のさまざまなアイテムが含まれていました。

C1 noun /ˈdʒiː.nəs/

genus

属

Meaning

a category in biological classification ranking above species and below family

Example

The tiger belongs to the genus Panthera.

トラはパンサー属に属します。

C2 noun /nuːt/

Newt

イモリ

Meaning

a small amphibian with a long tail that lives both in water and on land

Example

The newt swam gracefully in the pond.

イモリは池で優雅に泳いでいました。

C2 noun /ˈhʌvəl/

hovel

Meaning

a small, poorly built, and dirty house

Example

The refugees lived in a makeshift hovel.

C2 noun /ˈel.ɪ.fənt ˈæp.əl/

Elephant Apple

エレファントアップル

Meaning

a tropical fruit with a hard shell and acidic flesh

Example

Elephant apple is used to make delicious jams and pickles.

エレファントアップルは、美味しいジャムやピクルスを作るために使用されます。

C1 noun ˈsɛlfləsnɪs

selflessness

利他主義

Meaning

The quality of being concerned more with the needs of others than with one's own.

Example

Selflessness is a key value for community building.

利他主義はコミュニティ構築の重要な価値です。

B2 adjective /ˌdɪsəˈbiːdiənt/

Disobedient

不従順な

Meaning

refusing to obey rules or authority; rebellious

Example

The disobedient child refused to follow the rules.

その不従順な子供はルールに従うことを拒否しました。

B2 adjective /mɪsˈliːdɪŋ/

misleading

誤解を招く

Meaning

giving the wrong idea or impression

Example

The advertisement was misleading and gave false information.

その広告は誤解を招くもので、偽の情報を提供していました。

B2 verb /sæk/

sack

解雇する

Meaning

to dismiss from a job; to put something in a sack

Example

The company sacked him for poor performance.

会社は業績不良で彼を解雇しました。

C2 noun /ˈkrɛməˌtɔːri/

crematory

火葬場

Meaning

a place where dead bodies are cremated

Example

The crematory was located near the cemetery.

火葬場は墓地の近くにありました。

C1 noun /ˈbɪɡ.ət/

bigot

偏見者

Meaning

A person who is intolerant toward those holding different opinions or beliefs.

Example

He was called a bigot for refusing to listen to others' views.

他人の意見を聞こうとしなかったため、彼は偏見者と呼ばれました。

C1 noun ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si

inefficiency

非効率

Meaning

The state or quality of not achieving maximum productivity; failure to make the best use of time or resources.

Example

Government inefficiency leads to slow project completion.

政府の非効率性がプロジェクトの完了を遅らせる。

C2 noun /ˈʃɑːdənfrɔɪdə/

schadenfreude

他人の不幸を喜ぶこと

Meaning

pleasure derived from another person's misfortune

Example

He felt a sense of schadenfreude when his rival failed.

ライバルが失敗したとき、彼はシャーデンフロイデを感じた。

B2 noun

Patriot

愛国者

A1 noun /ˈkɪtʃən/

Kitchen

キッチン

Meaning

a room or area where food is prepared and cooked

Example

The kitchen was filled with the smell of fresh bread.

キッチンは新鮮なパンの匂いで満たされていた。

C1 noun /vəˈnɪər/

veneer

幸福

Meaning

A thin decorative covering of fine wood applied to a coarser wood or other material; a superficially attractive appearance.

Example

The table was covered with a thin veneer of mahogany.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

B2 noun /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/

physicist

物理学者

Meaning

a scientist who studies or specializes in physics

Example

The physicist explained the theory of relativity to the students.

物理学者は学生たちに相対性理論を説明しました。

B1 verb /pərˈfɔːrm/

perform

演じる

Meaning

to carry out an action or present entertainment; to function

Example

The orchestra will perform at the concert hall tonight.

オーケストラは今夜コンサートホールで演奏を行います。

C2 noun /kəˈraʊzl/

carousal

騒々しいパーティー

Meaning

A noisy or lively drinking party or festivity.

Example

They were exhausted after a night of wild carousal.

彼らは一晩のワイルドな騒々しいパーティーの後、疲れ切っていた。

B1 adverb /ɪˈventʃuəli/

Eventually

最終的に; 結局

Meaning

in the end; finally; at last

Example

After years of hard work, she eventually became a doctor.

何年もの努力の後、彼女は最終的に医者になった。

C1 verb ˈɔː.kɪ.streɪ.tɪd

orchestrated

精巧に組織された

Meaning

Planned or coordinated carefully and deliberately.

Example

The attacks were orchestrated with precision.

攻撃は正確に組織されていた。

C2 adjective /ˈkɒs.ɪ.tɪd/

cosseted

甘やかされた

Meaning

pampered, treated with excessive care and attention

Example

The cosseted child always got what he wanted.

甘やかされた子供は、いつも欲しいものを手に入れていた。

A1 noun, adjective /hæf/

half

半分

Meaning

one of two equal parts of something

Example

He ate half of the cake.

彼はケーキの半分を食べました。

B2 noun /ˈmet.roʊ reɪl/

Metro Rail

メトロ

Meaning

an underground urban railway system; subway system

Example

The metro rail connects all major areas of the city efficiently.

メトロレールは都市のすべての主要地域を効率的に結びつけます。

B2 noun /əkˈsɛsəri/

accessory

アクセサリー; 犯罪に加担する人物

Meaning

a thing which can be added to something else to make it more useful, versatile, or attractive; a person who assists in committing a crime

Example

She bought some stylish accessories for her new phone.

彼女は新しい電話のためにいくつかのスタイリッシュなアクセサリーを買いました。

B2 noun, verb /dɪˈfɔːlt/

default

デフォルト

Meaning

failure to fulfill an obligation, especially to repay a loan

Example

The company defaulted on its loan payments.

会社はローンの支払いでデフォルトしました。

C1 adverb /ˈkɔːrdiəli/

Cordially

心から

Meaning

in a warm and friendly manner; sincerely

Example

You are cordially invited to our wedding ceremony.

あなたは私たちの結婚式に心から招待されています。

B1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈspɛnsɪv/

Inexpensive

安い; 手頃な; 経済的

Meaning

not costing a lot of money; affordable; budget-friendly

Example

This restaurant offers delicious and inexpensive meals for students.

このレストランは学生のためにおいしくて安い食事を提供しています。

A1 adverb /ˈver.i/

Very

非常に; 極端に; とても

Meaning

to a high degree; extremely; greatly

Example

She is very intelligent and works very hard.

彼女は非常に賢く、非常に一生懸命働いています。

B2 verb /kənˈstreɪn/

constrain

制限する

Meaning

to limit or restrict someone or something; to force or compel

Example

The new regulations constrain businesses from polluting the environment.

新しい規制は企業が環境を汚染するのを制限しています。

C2 noun /ˈbʊlrʌʃ/

bulrush

ヨシ

Meaning

A tall plant with long leaves that grows in or near water, also known as a cattail.

Example

The pond was surrounded by tall bulrushes swaying in the wind.

池は風に揺れる高いヨシで囲まれていました。

A2 adjective /ˈɒb.vi.əs/

Obvious

明白な; 簡単に理解できる

Meaning

easily perceived or understood; clear and apparent to the mind

Example

It was obvious that she was upset about something.

それは彼女が何かについて不満を抱えていることが明らかでした。

B2 verb /siːz/

seize

奪う

Meaning

To take hold of suddenly and forcibly.

Example

The police managed to seize the stolen goods.

警察は盗まれた商品を押収することに成功した。

B2 adjective /ˌæbsənt ˈmaɪndɪd/

absent-minded

うっかり者

Meaning

often forgetting things or not paying attention

Example

He is so absent-minded that he often forgets his keys.

彼はとてもうっかりしていて、よく鍵を忘れます。

C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈdɪs.ɪ.plɪ.nər.i

interdisciplinary

学際的

Meaning

Relating to more than one branch of knowledge.

Example

The interdisciplinary approach in education enhances problem-solving skills.

教育における学際的アプローチは、問題解決スキルを向上させる。

C1 adjective /ˌhæpˈhæz.ɚd/

haphazard

無秩序

Meaning

Lacking any obvious principle of organization; random.

Example

His haphazard approach led to project failure.

彼の無秩序なアプローチはプロジェクトの失敗を引き起こした。

A2 verb /beɪk/

bake

焼く

Meaning

to cook food using dry heat, usually in an oven

Example

She baked a cake for her friend's birthday.

彼女は友達の誕生日のためにケーキを焼きました。

B1 noun /fæts/

fats

脂肪

Meaning

Essential macronutrients that provide energy, support cell growth, and protect organs while helping absorb vitamins.

Example

Healthy fats from nuts and avocados support brain function.

ナッツとアボカドから得られる健康的な脂肪は、脳機能をサポートします。

A2 noun /dəˈrɛkʃən/ or /daɪˈrɛkʃən/

direction

方向, 指示

Meaning

the course or path on which someone or something is moving; instructions on what to do

Example

He asked for directions to the train station.

彼は駅への行き方を尋ねました。

B2 adjective /ˈvoʊkəl/

vocal

発声

Meaning

expressing opinions or feelings freely and loudly; relating to the voice

Example

She was very vocal about her dissatisfaction.

彼女は自分の不満について非常に発声していました。

B2 noun /ˈɪə.rə/

Era

時代

Meaning

a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic

Example

The Renaissance was an era of great artistic and cultural achievement.

ルネサンスは大きな芸術的および文化的業績の時代でした。

B2 noun /hɪp/

hip

腰部

Meaning

The part of the body on either side of the pelvis, or informal: trendy and fashionable.

Example

She put her hands on her hips.

彼女は手を腰に置きました。

B1 adjective /ɪnˈvɑːlvd/

involved

関与した

Meaning

complicated or engaged in something

Example

She was deeply involved in community service.

彼女は地域社会の奉仕活動に深く関与していた。

C1 adjective /ˌsækrɪˈfɪʃəl/

sacrificial

犠牲的な

Meaning

Relating to or involving sacrifice.

Example

The lamb was used as a sacrificial offering in the ritual.

その羊は儀式で犠牲的な捧げ物として使われました。

C2 noun /ˈtɒksɪn/

tocsin

警報ベル

Meaning

an alarm bell or signal; a warning that something bad is about to happen

Example

The data breach sounded a tocsin for stricter security.

データ漏洩は厳重なセキュリティ強化のための警報ベルのように鳴った。

B2 adverb /ʌnˈkɒnʃəsli/

unconsciously

無意識に

Meaning

without being aware of one's actions or surroundings

Example

She unconsciously tapped her foot to the rhythm of the music.

彼女は無意識に音楽のリズムに合わせて足をトントンしていた。

C2 noun /ˈkætɪtʃuː/

Catechu

カテチュー

Meaning

an extract from a tropical Asian plant, used in tanning and dyeing

Example

Catechu extract is commonly used in traditional medicine.

カテチュー抽出物は伝統医学で一般的に使用されます。

B2 adjective /kəˈrɛspɒndɪŋ/

corresponding

対応する

Meaning

matching or related to something

Example

The corresponding page in the book explains the process in detail.

本の対応するページは、そのプロセスを詳細に説明しています。

B2 verb /liːp/

leap

跳ぶ

Meaning

to jump high or far; to move quickly with large steps

Example

The cat leaped onto the table.

猫はテーブルに飛び乗りました。

B1 verb/noun /ˈdiːkriːs/ (noun), /dɪˈkriːs/ (verb)

decrease

Meaning

To become or make something smaller or fewer in number, amount, or degree.

Example

The population of the town has decreased over the years.

C2 noun /ˌɛpɪzəʊˈɒtɪk/

epizootic

動物伝染病

Meaning

An outbreak of disease affecting many animals of one kind at the same time.

Example

The farmer feared an epizootic might wipe out his cattle.

農家は、動物伝染病が彼の家畜を壊すかもしれないと恐れていました。

B2 noun /ɪnˈsen.tɪv/

Incentive

インセンティブ; 刺激

Meaning

a thing that motivates or encourages someone to do something; a reward or penalty that influences behavior

Example

The company offered a cash incentive to employees who exceeded their sales targets.

その会社は売上目標を達成した従業員に現金インセンティブを提供しました。

B2 noun /ˈwɔːl.nʌt/

Walnut

クルミ

Meaning

an edible nut with a hard shell and a wrinkled appearance

Example

I love to eat walnuts with honey for breakfast.

私は朝食に蜂蜜と一緒にクルミを食べるのが好きです。

B2 noun /plæˈtoʊ/

plateau

高原、平坦な土地、変化の少ない時期

Meaning

an elevated flat area of land or a period of little change

Example

After months of growth, sales reached a plateau.

数ヶ月の成長の後、売上はプラトーに達した。

B2 noun /sloʊp/

Slope

坂; 傾斜地

Meaning

an inclined surface; a piece of ground that is not level

Example

We walked up the steep slope of the mountain.

私たちは山の急な坂を登りました。

C2 noun /əˈluː.vi.əm/

alluvium

沖積土

Meaning

Fertile soil deposited by flowing water, especially in riverbanks.

Example

The alluvium in riverbanks is highly fertile for agriculture.

川の岸辺にあるアリューヴィウムは農業に非常に肥沃です。

C2 noun /ˈwɑːmpəm/

wampum

貝殻のネックレス

Meaning

beads made by Native Americans from shells, used as money or decoration

Example

The tribe traded furs for wampum.

部族は毛皮と引き換えに貝殻のネックレスを取引した。

C2 verb /pərˈveɪ/

purvey

供給する

Meaning

to supply or provide goods, services, or information, often as a business

Example

The company purveys organic food to health-conscious customers.

その会社は健康意識の高い顧客にオーガニック食品を供給しています。

A1 pronoun /hɪm/

him

彼を

Meaning

Used to refer to a male person or animal already mentioned.

Example

I saw him at the park yesterday.

昨日公園で彼を見かけました。

C1 adjective /əˈɡrɛəriən/

agrarian

農業的

Meaning

Related to farming, agriculture, or rural land.

Example

The country’s economy is still largely agrarian.

その国の経済はまだ主に農業的です。

C1 noun/verb /rɪˈproʊtʃ/

reproach

非難 / 批判

Meaning

An expression of disapproval or disappointment; to criticize someone for doing wrong.

Example

She reproached him for arriving late to the meeting.

彼女は会議に遅れたことを彼に非難した。

A2 noun /tɛkst/

text

テキスト

Meaning

a written or printed work or passage, especially a book or document

Example

The teacher asked us to read the text on page 50.

先生は私たちにページ50のテキストを読むように言いました。

C1 adjective /ˌrɛmɪˈnɪsənt/

reminiscent

思い出させる

Meaning

Tending to remind one of something; suggestive of something in the past.

Example

The smell of rain is reminiscent of my childhood in the village.

雨の匂いは私の村での子供時代を思い出させる。

B1 verb /ˈdɪfər/

differ

異なる

Meaning

to be unlike or distinct from something else

Example

Opinions differ on this issue.

この問題について意見が異なります。

C1 noun rɪˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃən

regeneration

再生

Meaning

Renewal, growth and development of cells, tissues or energy

Example

Proper rest allows muscle regeneration after exercise.

適切な休息は、運動後の筋肉の再生を促進します。

B2 verb /blʌʃ/

blush

顔を赤らめる

Meaning

to become red in the face due to embarrassment or shyness

Example

She blushed when he complimented her.

彼女は彼に褒められた時、顔が赤くなった。

C1 adjective ˌhaɪ.pəˈθet.ɪ.kəl

hypothetical

仮定的, 想定的, 理論的

Meaning

Based on or serving as a hypothesis; supposed but not necessarily real or true.

Example

The discussion was based on hypothetical scenarios.

議論は仮定的なシナリオに基づいていました。

C1 noun /rɪˈsaɪtl/

recital

リサイタル

Meaning

A performance of music, dance, or poetry, usually by a soloist.

Example

She gave a piano recital at the concert hall.

彼女はコンサートホールでピアノのリサイタルを行いました。

C1 noun /ˈæltoʊ/

alto

アルト (成人の歌声)

Meaning

the second highest adult singing voice, between soprano and tenor

Example

She sang the alto part in the choir beautifully.

彼女は合唱団でアルトパートを美しく歌いました。

B2 adjective /ˈrɪdʒ.ɪd/

Rigid

硬直

Meaning

hard and stiff; not able to bend; strict and unwilling to change

Example

The company has a rigid dress code that all employees must follow.

会社にはすべての従業員が従う必要がある厳格なドレスコードがあります。

C1 verb /ɪnˈtæŋɡəl/

entangle

Meaning

to become twisted together or caught in something; to involve in difficulties

Example

The fish got entangled in the net.

B2 noun /roʊˈteɪʃən/

Rotation

回転; 回転運動; 自転

Meaning

the action of rotating around an axis or center; a single turn

Example

The Earth's rotation takes 24 hours to complete.

地球の回転は24時間かかります。

B2 noun /ˈtɜːrkwɔɪz/

turquoise

ターコイズ

Meaning

a greenish-blue color or gemstone

Example

She wore a necklace with a beautiful turquoise stone.

彼女は美しいターコイズの石を使ったネックレスをしていました。

C1 noun /ˌlɪbəˈreɪʃən wɔːr/

liberation war

解放戦争

Meaning

a war fought to gain freedom from foreign rule, occupation, or oppression; an armed struggle for national independence

Example

The liberation war reshaped the nation’s history and identity.

解放戦争は国の歴史を大きく変えた。

C2 adverb, adjective /ˈɡrætɪs/ or /ˈɡreɪtɪs/

gratis

無料

Meaning

Without charge; free of cost.

Example

The drinks at the event were provided gratis.

イベントで提供された飲み物は無料でした。

B1 verb /siːl/

seal

封印する、閉じる

Meaning

to close or secure something tightly or officially confirm something

Example

He sealed the envelope before sending the letter.

彼は手紙を送る前に封筒をシールしました。

C1 adjective /ˌjuːtɪlɪˈtɛəriən/

utilitarian

Meaning

Designed to be useful or practical rather than attractive; relating to the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.

Example

The building had a simple utilitarian design.

C1 verb /snʌb/

snub

無視する

Meaning

to insult or ignore someone by treating them rudely

Example

He felt hurt when his invitation was snubbed.

彼は招待状が無視されたとき、傷ついたと感じた。

C2 noun /kɛn/

ken

理解の範囲

Meaning

one's range of knowledge or understanding

Example

Quantum physics is beyond my ken.

量子物理学は私の理解を超えています。

C2 noun /ˈæpəˌθɛm/

apothegm

格言, 名言

Meaning

A short, witty, and instructive saying or maxim.

Example

His speech was filled with apothegms about life and success.

彼のスピーチは人生と成功に関する格言でいっぱいでした。

C1 verb /ʃɜːrk/

shirk

避ける

Meaning

to avoid or neglect a duty or responsibility

Example

He always tries to shirk his responsibilities at work.

彼は仕事で責任を避けようといつも試みます。

C1 noun ˌhaɪ.drəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl ˈsaɪ.kəl

hydrological cycle

水文循環

Meaning

The cycle of processes by which water circulates between the earth's oceans, atmosphere, and land.

Example

The hydrological cycle ensures continuous water movement in nature.

水文循環は自然界での水の連続的な動きを保証します。

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈfɛnsəbl̩/

indefensible

弁護できない

Meaning

not able to be protected or justified

Example

The minister’s remarks were considered indefensible by the public.

大臣の発言は公衆によって弁護できないとみなされました。

C1 adjective dɪ ˈskrɛʃ.ən.er.i

discretionary

裁量の

Meaning

Available for use at the discretion of the user; not required or mandatory.

Example

He set aside some discretionary income for travel.

彼は旅行のためにいくらかの裁量所得を取っておいた。