pupilage
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C2 noun /ˈpjuː.pɪ.lɪdʒ/

pupilage

生徒の状態
Meaning
The state of being a pupil or under instruction.
Example
During his pupilage, he studied law under a senior barrister.
彼の生徒の状態の間に、彼は上級弁護士のもとで法学を学びました。
C1 noun /stɑːr fruːts/

Star Fruits

スターフルーツ
Meaning
yellow tropical fruits that form a star shape when sliced crosswise; tangy and crisp taste
Example
When you slice star fruits, they look like beautiful yellow stars on your plate.
スターフルーツを切ると、プレートの上に美しい黄色い星のように見えます。
C1 noun/verb /ˈræfəl/

raffle

抽選券の販売
Meaning
A means of raising money by selling numbered tickets, one or more of which are drawn at random for a prize; to sell something in such a lottery.
Example
The charity decided to raffle a bicycle to raise funds.
チャリティーは資金調達のために自転車を抽選で販売することに決めました。
B2 noun /səˈspɪʃən/

Suspicion

疑い
Meaning
a feeling or thought that someone is guilty of an illegal or dishonest activity
Example
The police arrested him on suspicion of theft.
警察は窃盗の疑いで彼を逮捕しました。
C1 noun /ˈtres.pæs.ər/

Trespasser

侵入者
Meaning
a person who enters someone's property without permission
Example
The security guard caught the trespasser climbing over the fence.
セキュリティガードはフェンスを越えて登る侵入者を捕まえました。
B2 adjective /ˈveɪ.kənt/

Vacant

空いている; 未使用; 利用可能
Meaning
empty; not occupied; available
Example
There is a vacant apartment on the second floor.
2階には空いているアパートがあります。
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɛkərd/

chequered

チェッカード
Meaning
Having a pattern of squares, or marked by varied and contrasting experiences or periods.
Example
He had a chequered career with both great successes and failures.
彼は大きな成功と失敗を経験したチェッカードなキャリアを持っていた。
C2 noun /njuːˈmɪzmətɪst/

numismatist

貨幣学者
Meaning
A person who studies or collects coins, paper currency, and medals.
Example
The numismatist displayed his rare coin collection at the exhibition.
貨幣学者は展示会で彼の希少なコインコレクションを展示しました
C1 adjective ˈkwɒn.tɪ.faɪ.ə.bəl

quantifiable

定量可能な
Meaning
Able to be expressed or measured as a quantity; capable of being counted or calculated.
Example
The impact of the project is quantifiable.
プロジェクトの影響は定量可能です。
C2 verb /beɪt/

bate

減らす、抑える
Meaning
to lessen or restrain; to diminish the force or intensity of something
Example
He spoke with bated breath as he waited for the result.
彼は結果を待ちながら息を呑んで話した。
C2 noun/adjective /ˈlæpɪˌdɛri/

lapidary

宝石細工師
Meaning
As noun: a person who cuts, polishes, or engraves precious stones; As adjective: relating to such work.
Example
The museum displayed lapidary tools used in ancient times.
博物館は古代に使用された宝石細工の道具を展示しました。
C1 verb /dɪˈpɔːrt/

deport

国外追放
Meaning
To expel a foreigner from a country, usually for legal or political reasons.
Example
The government decided to deport the illegal immigrants.
政府は不法移民をデポートすることを決定した。
A2 adjective /ˈmʌnθli/

monthly

月次
Meaning
happening, done, or published once a month
Example
Employees receive their salary on a monthly basis.
従業員は毎月給料を受け取ります。
C2 verb /ˌdɪskəmˈpoʊz/

discompose

動揺させる
Meaning
To disturb the order or calmness of something or someone.
Example
The unexpected question seemed to discompose her.
予期しない質問が彼女を動揺させたようだ。
C1 noun /krʊk/

crook

詐欺師
Meaning
a dishonest person, especially a criminal
Example
The police finally caught the crook who had been stealing cars.
警察は最終的に車を盗んでいた詐欺師を捕まえました。
B2 adjective ɪkˈstɪŋkt

extinct

絶滅
Meaning
No longer in existence; having died out completely.
Example
Some species are becoming extinct due to overfishing.
いくつかの種は過剰な漁業によって絶滅の危機に瀕しています。
C1 adjective /ˈstæɡ.nənt/

Stagnant

停滞した; 動かない; 発展していない
Meaning
not moving or flowing; showing no activity or development
Example
The stagnant water in the pond was covered with algae.
池の中の停滞した水は藻で覆われていました。
C2 verb /ˈoʊɡəl/

ogle

じっと見る
Meaning
To look at someone with obvious sexual interest.
Example
He kept ogling the models on the runway.
彼はランウェイのモデルたちを見続けた。
B2 noun /wɔːmθ/

warmth

温かさ
Meaning
the quality or state of being warm in temperature or feeling
Example
She felt the warmth of the sun on her face.
彼女は顔に太陽の温もりを感じた。
C1 adjective /ˌɒstɛnˈteɪʃəs/

ostentatious

見せびらかしの
Meaning
Characterized by a showy or pretentious display intended to impress others.
Example
He wore an ostentatious gold chain to the party.
彼はパーティーで見せびらかしの金のチェーンをしていました。
C1 noun /ɪkˈstrækʃən/

extraction

抽出
Meaning
the act of removing something, especially by pulling it out
Example
The extraction of oil from the ground requires special equipment.
地面からの石油の抽出には特別な機器が必要です。
A1 preposition /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/

during

〜の間に
Meaning
throughout the course of a period of time
Example
I fell asleep during the movie.
私は映画の間に寝てしまいました。
A1 adjective /ˈmɛni/

many

多くの
Meaning
a large number of
Example
Many students attended the lecture.
多くの学生が講義に参加しました。
C1 noun /ˈæntlɚ/

antler

鹿の角
Meaning
The branched horns on the head of a deer or similar animal, usually shed and regrown annually.
Example
The deer’s antlers grew larger each year.
鹿の角は毎年大きくなります。
B2 noun /ˈlɪz.ɚd/

Lizard

トカゲ
Meaning
a cold-blooded reptile with a long body, four legs, and a tail
Example
A small lizard ran across the garden wall.
小さなトカゲが庭の壁を走った。
C1 noun /ˈeɪθiɪzəm/

atheism

無神論
Meaning
The belief that there is no God or gods.
Example
He declared his atheism openly despite social pressure.
彼は社会的圧力にもかかわらず、自分の無神論を公に宣言した。
C1 verb /ˈɛm.jʊˌleɪt/

emulate

模倣する
Meaning
to imitate someone or something with the intent to equal or surpass
Example
Young athletes often emulate their idols.
若いアスリートはよく自分のアイドルを模倣します。
A2 noun /ˈfoʊldər/

folder

フォルダー
Meaning
a container or directory used to store and organize papers or digital files
Example
I saved all the photos in a separate folder.
すべての写真を別のフォルダーに保存しました。
C2 verb /bɪˈθɪŋk/

bethink

思い出す
Meaning
to cause oneself to consider or remember something
Example
He bethought himself of the promise he had made.
彼は自分がした約束を思い出した。
C2 noun ˌkɒmpjʊˈteɪʃənəl kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən

computational communication

計算通信
Meaning
Digital exchange and automated interaction; the use of computational methods and systems to facilitate communication and information sharing.
Example
Computational communication is reshaping how we share information.
計算通信は私たちが情報を共有する方法を再構築しています。
B1 noun, verb /ˈkɒndʌkt/ (noun), /kənˈdʌkt/ (verb)

conduct

Meaning
to organize or carry out; or a person's behavior
Example
The teacher conducted the exam fairly.
B2 noun /ˈmɑːr.tɪn/

Martin

ツバメ
Meaning
small swift-flying bird that catches insects on the wing
Example
The martin built its nest under the bridge.
ツバメは橋の下に巣を作りました。
C2 noun /ˌperəˈreɪʃən/

peroration

結びの演説
Meaning
The concluding part of a speech, often intended to inspire or persuade.
Example
The politician's peroration left the audience applauding enthusiastically.
政治家のペロレーションは、観客を熱狂的に拍手させました。
A1 adverb /ˈriː.ə.li/

Really

本当に; 実際に; とても
Meaning
actually; truly; very much
Example
I really enjoyed the concert last night.
昨晩のコンサートは本当に楽しめました。
B2 noun /braʊ/

brow

額
Meaning
the part of the face above the eyes; forehead
Example
She wiped the sweat from her brow.
彼女は額の汗を拭った。
C1 verb /kɜːrˈteɪl/

curtail

制限する
Meaning
to reduce or limit something, especially something considered undesirable
Example
The company had to curtail its spending due to budget cuts.
予算削減のため、会社は支出を削減しなければなりませんでした。
A1 noun /aɪs/

Ice

氷
Meaning
water that has frozen and become solid
Example
The ice in my drink melted quickly in the hot weather.
私の飲み物の氷は暑い天気で素早く溶けました。
C2 adjective /ˈkɒndʒʊɡəl/

conjugal

婚姻の
Meaning
relating to marriage or the relationship between husband and wife
Example
They enjoyed a long life of conjugal happiness.
彼らは長い結婚生活を楽しみました。
A1 noun /ˈbɒdi/

body

体
Meaning
the physical structure of a person or animal
Example
Exercise helps keep the body healthy.
運動は体を健康に保つのに役立ちます。
B2 adverb /ˈæk.jə.rət.li/

Accurately

正確に、間違いなく、適切に
Meaning
in an exact way, without any mistakes; precisely; correctly
Example
She accurately predicted the outcome of the election.
彼女は選挙結果を正確に予測した。
B2 noun ˌɪnɪˈkwɒlɪti

inequality

不平等
Meaning
Difference in size, degree, circumstances, etc.; lack of equality.
Example
The theme of inequality is prominent throughout the story.
不平等のテーマは物語全体にわたって顕著です。
C2 noun /ˈdɛsɪkənt/

desiccant

乾燥剤
Meaning
a substance that absorbs moisture and keeps things dry
Example
Silica gel packets are commonly used as a desiccant in packaging.
シリカゲルのパケットは、パッケージングで乾燥剤として一般的に使用されます。
A2 adverb /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

almost

ほとんど
Meaning
very nearly, but not exactly or completely
Example
He almost missed the train.
彼はほとんど電車を逃した。
C1 noun /ɛkˈspeɪtriət/

expatriate

外国人
Meaning
a person who lives outside their native country
Example
Many expatriates gather in the city’s international community.
多くの外国人が都市の国際コミュニティに集まっています。
C1 noun, verb /məˈnuː.vər/

maneuver

Meaning
a planned or skillful movement or action; to move skillfully or carefully
Example
The pilot maneuvered the plane through the storm.
B2 noun /duːm/

doom

運命
Meaning
A terrible fate, destruction, or unavoidable bad outcome.
Example
The ancient prophecy foretold the city’s doom.
古代の予言は都市の運命を予見していた。
A2 adverb, conjunction /haʊˈɛvər/

however

しかし
Meaning
used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or seems to contradict something previously said
Example
The journey was long; however, it was enjoyable.
旅は長かった; しかし、それは楽しかった。
B2 verb /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

encounter

遭遇する / 出会う
Meaning
to unexpectedly meet someone or experience something, especially something difficult or new
Example
During the hike, we encountered a wild bear.
ハイキング中に、私たちは野生のクマに遭遇しました。
C1 verb /ˈɡlædən/

gladden

喜ばせる
Meaning
to make someone happy or bring joy
Example
The news of her recovery gladdened everyone.
彼女の回復のニュースは皆を喜ばせました。
C2 /laɪð/

lithe

しなやかで優雅
Meaning
thin, supple, and graceful in movement
Example
The lithe dancer captivated the audience with her graceful spins.
しなやかなダンサーはその優雅な回転で観客を魅了しました。
C2 noun /dɜːrdʒ/

dirge

哀歌
Meaning
A mournful song, piece of music, or poem expressing grief, often for the dead.
Example
The choir sang a solemn dirge at the funeral.
コーラスは葬式で厳粛な哀歌を歌いました。
B1 noun /seɪk/

Sake

目的; 理由;
Meaning
purpose or reason for doing something; benefit or interest
Example
She worked overtime for the sake of her family's future.
彼女は家族の未来のために残業しました。
B1 noun /ˈhʌntər/

hunter

ハンター
Meaning
a person or animal that hunts animals for food or sport
Example
The hunter tracked the deer through the forest.
ハンターは森を通って鹿を追跡しました。
B2 adjective /əˈnɒn.ɪ.məs/

Anonymous

匿名の; 名前のない
Meaning
having an unknown name or identity; nameless
Example
The author published the book under an anonymous pseudonym.
著者は匿名のペンネームでその本を出版した。
B2 noun /ˈdaɪ.vər/

Diver

ダイバー
Meaning
a type of water bird that dives underwater to catch fish
Example
The diver disappeared beneath the surface to catch a fish.
ダイバーは魚を捕まえるために水面下に消えました。
B2 noun /ɪˈluː.ʒən/

Illusion

幻想
Meaning
a thing that is or is likely to be wrongly perceived or interpreted; a false idea or belief
Example
The magician created a spectacular illusion that made the elephant appear to vanish.
魔術師は壮観な幻想を作り、象が消えるように見えました。
B2 noun /ˌep.ɪˈdem.ɪk/

Epidemic

流行病
Meaning
a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community
Example
The flu epidemic affected thousands of people across the country.
インフルエンザのエピデミックは全国で何千人もの人々に影響を与えました。
B1 adjective /ʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/

Unemployed

失業中
Meaning
without a job; not having paid work
Example
He has been unemployed for six months now.
彼はすでに6ヶ月間失業しています。
C2 adjective /ˈmɔːkɪʃ/

mawkish

過度に感傷的
Meaning
excessively sentimental, often to the point of being sickly
Example
The movie was criticized for its mawkish sentimentality.
その映画は過度に感傷的だとして批判されました。
B1 verb /ədˈvaɪz/

advise

アドバイスする
Meaning
to recommend what should be done; to give advice
Example
The doctor advised him to rest for a week.
医者は彼に1週間休むようにアドバイスした。
C1 adverb /ˈðɛərfɔːr/

therefor

それに対して
Meaning
For that or for it.
Example
He received payment and gave a receipt therefor.
彼は支払いを受け取り、それに対する領収書を渡しました。
B1 noun /ˈæʃ.treɪ/

Ash tray

灰皿
Meaning
a receptacle for tobacco ash and cigarette butts
Example
Please use the ash tray for your cigarette.
あなたのタバコのために灰皿を使ってください。
A2 noun /ˈdrɔːər/

drawer

引き出し
Meaning
a box-shaped storage compartment that slides in and out of furniture
Example
She kept her jewelry in the top drawer of the dresser.
彼女はジュエリーをドレッサーの上の引き出しに入れた。
C2 noun /ˌkəʊ.əˈles.əns/

coalescence

統合, 結合
Meaning
The process of coming together to form one mass or whole.
Example
The coalescence of different cultures creates diversity.
異なる文化のコアレッセンスは多様性を生み出します。
B2 noun /ˈriːzənɪŋ/

reasoning

推論
Meaning
the process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgment
Example
Her reasoning for leaving was clear and logical.
彼女の出発の推論は明確で論理的でした。
B2 adjective /ˈmɛtrɪk/

metric

メトリック
Meaning
Relating to the metric system of measurement; also, a standard of measurement used to assess performance.
Example
The company tracks success using clear performance metrics.
会社は明確なパフォーマンス指標を使用して成功を追跡しています。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈsaɪtli/

unsightly

見苦しい
Meaning
Unpleasant to look at; ugly.
Example
The garbage pile created an unsightly view in the park.
ゴミの山は公園に見苦しい景色を作り出した。
B2 noun /ˈkʌt.lət/

Cutlet

カツレツ
Meaning
a small piece of meat, especially veal or lamb, for frying or grilling
Example
She served delicious chicken cutlets for dinner.
彼女は夕食に美味しいチキンカツレツを出しました。
C2 adjective /ʌnˈblʌʃɪŋ/

Unblushing

恥知らずな; 図々しい
Meaning
showing no shame or embarrassment; boldly shameless
Example
He told the unblushing lie without any hesitation.
彼はためらうことなく無恥な嘘をついた。
B1 verb /θrɪl/

Thrill

スリルを与える
Meaning
to cause someone to feel very excited and pleased
Example
The roller coaster ride thrills adventure seekers.
ローラーコースターのライドは冒険を求める人々をスリルさせます。
B2 adjective /mɑːrkt/

Marked

顕著な; 明確な; 独特な
Meaning
clearly noticeable; distinct; obvious
Example
There was a marked improvement in her performance.
彼女のパフォーマンスには顕著な改善がありました。
C2 adjective /ˈæmbjələˌtɔːri/

ambulatory

外来患者
Meaning
Relating to or able to walk; relating to outpatient medical care.
Example
The patient is ambulatory and does not require bed rest.
その患者は外来患者で、安静が必要ありません。
B1 noun /meɪt/

mate

友達, 相棒
Meaning
a friend or companion; a partner in marriage or reproduction
Example
He went fishing with his old school mate.
彼は古い学校の友達と釣りに行きました。
C2 noun/adjective /ælˈbaɪ.noʊ/

albino

アルビノ (色素が欠けている人/動物)
Meaning
A person, animal, or plant lacking normal pigmentation, resulting in pale skin, hair, and eyes.
Example
The albino rabbit had white fur and pink eyes.
アルビノウサギは白い毛とピンクの目を持っていました。
C1 noun /ˈdɪs.ə.nəns/

dissonance

不協和音
Meaning
Disagreement, lack of harmony, conflict between ideas or beliefs.
Example
The cultural dissonance created misunderstandings.
文化的な不協和音が誤解を生んだ。
C1 noun /ˈtrɪnɪti/

trinity

三位一体
Meaning
a group of three closely related things; in Christianity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit
Example
The museum’s exhibit focused on a trinity of themes: memory, identity, and power.
博物館の展示は、三つのテーマの三位一体に焦点を当てていました：記憶、アイデンティティ、そして力。
C1 adjective /ˈvɛrɪtəbl/

veritable

真実の
Meaning
used to emphasize that something is genuine or true
Example
The house was a veritable palace compared to ours.
その家は私たちの家と比べて、まさに本物の宮殿でした。
C2 noun /ˈkɒd.ɪ.sɪl/

codicil

遺言補遺
Meaning
a legal document that makes changes or additions to an existing will
Example
He added a codicil to his will to include his granddaughter.
彼は自分の遺言に孫娘を含めるためにコディシルを加えました。
C1 verb /ˈstɪntɪŋ/

stinting

けちけちと与える
Meaning
to supply sparingly or with restrictions
Example
He never stinting his efforts to help the poor.
彼は貧しい人々を助けるために決して手を抜きません。
B2 verb əˈkwaɪər

acquire

取得する
Meaning
To gain or obtain something, especially knowledge or skills, through effort or experience.
Example
Volunteers acquire new skills through their experiences.
ボランティアは自分の経験を通じて新しいスキルを取得します。
C1 noun/verb /ˈɪnsɛns/

incense

お香 / 激怒させる
Meaning
a substance burned for its sweet smell (noun); to make very angry (verb)
Example
The smell of incense filled the temple, but his rude words incensed her.
お香の香りが寺院を満たしましたが、彼の失礼な言葉は彼女を激怒させました。
C1 noun dɪˈfleɪʃən

deflation

デフレーション
Meaning
Reduction of the general level of prices in an economy.
Example
Deflation often leads to decreased consumer spending.
デフレーションはしばしば消費者の支出を減少させる。
C1 adjective /ˈpəʊtəbl/

potable

飲料水
Meaning
safe to drink; drinkable
Example
The villagers did not have access to potable water.
村人たちは飲用水へのアクセスがありませんでした。
B2 noun /ˈpes.ə.mɪst/

Pessimist

悲観主義者
Meaning
a person who tends to see the worst aspect of things or believes that the worst will happen; someone who lacks hope or confidence in the future
Example
Being a pessimist, he always expected the worst outcome.
悲観主義者として、彼はいつも最悪の結果を期待していました。
C1 adjective /ˈtrænzɪtɔːri/

transitory

一時的な
Meaning
Not permanent; temporary.
Example
The transitory nature of fame makes it difficult to maintain.
名声の一時的な性質は、それを維持するのを難しくします。
C1 noun /ˌpæn.əˈræm.ə/

panorama

パノラマビュー
Meaning
An unbroken view of the whole region surrounding an observer.
Example
From the hilltop, we enjoyed a breathtaking panorama of the city.
丘の頂上から、私たちは街の息をのむようなパノラマビューを楽しみました。
C2 noun /ˌɪlɪbəˈræləti/

illiberality

不寛容
Meaning
The quality of being illiberal; lack of tolerance or generosity.
Example
The illiberality of the new laws alarmed the citizens.
新しい法律の不寛容が市民を驚かせました。
C1 verb /bɪˈriːv/

bereave

大切な人を失う
Meaning
to deprive someone of a loved one through death
Example
She was bereaved of her husband last year.
彼女は昨年、夫を亡くしました。
C1 noun /ˌɪrɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/

irresponsibility

無責任
Meaning
lack of responsibility or accountability; failure to act in a reliable or sensible way
Example
The accident was caused by his irresponsibility at work.
その事故は彼の職場での無責任さが原因でした。
B1 adjective hɪˈstɔːrɪk

historic

歴史的
Meaning
Famous or significant in history, or potentially so.
Example
Victory Day is a historic moment for Bangladesh.
勝利の日はバングラデシュにとって歴史的な瞬間です。
C2 adjective /ˈtɔːdri/

tawdry

安っぽくて派手だが、質が悪い
Meaning
cheap and showy but of poor quality
Example
She wore a tawdry necklace that broke easily.
彼女は安っぽくて派手なネックレスをしていて、簡単に壊れた。
B2 adjective /ˈmɪd.əl.eɪdʒd/

Middle-aged

中年
Meaning
being of an age between young and old; typically between 40-60 years old
Example
The middle-aged man started a new career.
中年の男性が新しいキャリアを始めた。
B2 noun /fɪˈzɪʃən/

physician

医師
Meaning
a person qualified to practice medicine; a doctor
Example
The physician prescribed some medicine to treat the condition.
医師はその状態を治療するために薬を処方しました。
C2 adverb /əˈbɛd/

abed

ベッドで
Meaning
in bed
Example
She stayed abed all day due to illness.
病気のため、彼女は一日中ベッドで寝ていました。
C1 adjective /nɪˈɡoʊ.ʃi.ə.bəl/

negotiable

交渉可能
Meaning
Open to discussion or modification; capable of being bargained for.
Example
The salary offered is negotiable.
提供された給与は交渉可能です。
B2 noun /ˈpɑː.tər/

Potter

陶芸家
Meaning
a person who makes pottery
Example
The potter shaped clay on the spinning wheel.
陶芸家は回転するろくろの上で粘土を形作った。
B2 adjective ˈɛvɪdənt

evident

明白な
Meaning
Clearly seen or understood; obvious.
Example
The result was evident.
結果は明らかだった。
C2 verb /læmˈbæst/

lambast

厳しく批判する
Meaning
To criticize harshly or to beat severely.
Example
The coach lambasted the team for their poor performance.
コーチはチームのパフォーマンスの悪さを厳しく非難しました。
C1 noun /əˈsem.bli ˈseʃ.ən/

assembly session

アセンブリ セッション
Meaning
A formal meeting where representatives gather to discuss and make decisions on important matters.
Example
The assembly session discussed global challenges.
アセンブリ セッションは、世界的な課題について議論しました。
B2 noun /saɪˈkaɪətri/

psychiatry

精神医学
Meaning
the branch of medicine focused on the study and treatment of mental illness
Example
She decided to study psychiatry to help people with mental health issues.
彼女は精神疾患に苦しむ人々を助けるために精神医学を学ぶことを決めました。
A2 noun /ˈplen.ti/

Plenty

豊富; 十分
Meaning
a large or sufficient amount; abundance
Example
There is plenty of food for everyone at the party.
パーティーには皆に十分な食べ物があります。
A1 verb /kætʃ/

catch

キャッチする
Meaning
to grab something that is moving; to get a disease; to understand
Example
Can you catch the ball I'm throwing?
投げているボールをキャッチできますか？
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒiːniəl/

congenial

親しみやすい
Meaning
pleasant and friendly because of having similar interests or qualities
Example
They found the café a congenial place to meet and talk.
彼らはそのカフェを、会って話すのに適した親しみやすい場所だと感じました。
C1 verb /raɪð/

writhe

身をよじる
Meaning
To twist or squirm in pain or discomfort.
Example
He writhed in pain after twisting his ankle.
彼は足首を捻った後、痛みで身をよじっていた。
C2 noun /ˈpɔːpərɪzəm/

pauperism

貧困
Meaning
The state of being extremely poor.
Example
The country struggled with rising pauperism in the 19th century.
その国は19世紀に増大する貧困と戦っていました。
B2 adjective trænsˈfɔːr.mə.tɪv

transformative

変革的
Meaning
Something that has a profound impact and creates something new.
Example
The new education system is highly transformative.
新しい教育システムは非常に変革的です。
B2 verb /ˌdɪsəˈpruːv/

disapprove

反対する
Meaning
to have a negative opinion about something; to consider something wrong or bad
Example
Many parents disapprove of smoking.
多くの親は喫煙を反対しています。
C2 adjective /ˈfæð.əm.ləs/

fathomless

理解不可能な、または測定不可能な; 非常に深い
Meaning
impossible to understand or measure; very deep
Example
The ocean seemed fathomless as it stretched to the horizon.
海は地平線まで広がると、測り知れないように見えました。
C1 adjective /ˈreɡ.jʊ.lə.tər.i/

Regulatory

規制
Meaning
Having the power to control or govern something through rules and regulations.
Example
The government enforces regulatory policies for financial stability.
政府は金融安定性のために規制政策を実施しています。
C2 noun /ˈtʊrnɪkɪt/

tourniquet

止血帯
Meaning
a device used to stop bleeding by compressing blood vessels
Example
The medic applied a tourniquet to stop the bleeding.
医師は出血を止めるために止血帯を使用しました。
C1 noun /ˌdɛsɪˈmeɪʃən/

decimation

壊滅
Meaning
The act of destroying or killing a large proportion of something.
Example
The decimation of the city left thousands homeless.
都市の壊滅により、何千人もの人々が家を失った。
C1 verb /ɪnˈkæp.sjʊ.leɪt/

encapsulate

要約する
Meaning
To express the essential features of something succinctly; to summarize or contain within.
Example
The introduction should encapsulate the main points of the article.
導入部は記事の主なポイントを要約するべきです。
C2 verb /ˈsnʌfəl/

snuffle

鼻で音を立てて息をする
Meaning
to breathe noisily through the nose, often because of crying or a cold
Example
The child began to snuffle after crying for a long time.
子供は長時間泣いた後に鼻で音を立てて息をし始めました。
C2 noun /ˈfoʊksl/

forecastle

フォアキャッスル
Meaning
The forward part of a ship below the deck, traditionally used as living quarters for the crew.
Example
The sailors gathered in the forecastle after their shift.
船員たちはシフト後にフォアキャッスルに集まりました。
B1 adjective /ˈklæsɪkəl/

classical

古典的または伝統的な
Meaning
relating to ancient Greek or Roman culture, or representing traditional excellence in art, music, or literature
Example
She loves listening to classical music while studying.
彼女は勉強中にクラシック音楽を聴くのが好きです。
B2 noun /bʌlk/

Bulk

塊; 大部分;
Meaning
the mass or size of something large; the greater part or majority of something
Example
The bulk of the work was completed before the deadline.
仕事の大部分は締め切り前に終わりました。
B2 noun /eɪd/

aide

アシスタント
Meaning
An assistant or helper, especially to an important person.
Example
The senator’s aide organized the meeting with journalists.
上院議員のアシスタントがジャーナリストとの会議を組織しました。
C2 adjective /ˌhɜːrkjʊˈliːən/

herculean

非常に困難
Meaning
Requiring great strength or effort; very difficult to perform.
Example
It was a herculean task to rebuild the city after the disaster.
災害後に都市を再建することは非常に困難な仕事でした。
C2 adjective /ˈluːsənt/

lucent

光輝
Meaning
shining or glowing with light
Example
The lucent stars brightened the night sky.
光輝を放つ星々が夜空を明るく照らした。
C2 noun /kɪˈrɒpədɪst/

chiropodist

足病医
Meaning
A healthcare professional who diagnoses and treats foot problems.
Example
The chiropodist treated her painful corns and calluses.
足病医は彼女の痛いタコと鶏眼を治療した。
C1 noun /ˌmɒd.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/

modulation

声のコントロール
Meaning
The process of varying or controlling something.
Example
Proper modulation of voice enhances communication skills.
音声の適切なモジュレーションは、コミュニケーションスキルを向上させます。