probiotics
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C1 noun /ˌprəʊ.baɪˈɒt.ɪks/

probiotics

プロバイオティクス
Meaning
Live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits to the host, especially for digestive health.
Example
Probiotics improve digestion and enhance gut health.
プロバイオティクスは消化を改善し、腸の健康を促進します。
B1 noun /ˌɡrædʒ.uˈeɪ.ʃən/

graduation

Meaning
the act of receiving a degree or diploma after completing a course of study
Example
Her parents attended her graduation ceremony with pride.
C2 noun /pəˈlɛmɪk/

polemic

論争的な攻撃
Meaning
a strong verbal or written attack on someone or something
Example
The article was a fierce polemic against the government's policies.
その記事は政府の政策に対する激しい論争的な攻撃でした。
B1 noun /naɪt/

Knight

騎士; 中世の戦士
Meaning
a man given a rank of honor by a British king or queen; a medieval warrior on horseback
Example
The brave knight rescued the princess from the dragon's castle.
勇敢な騎士はドラゴンの城から姫を助けました。
B2 noun ˈæt.rɪ.bjuːts

attributes

属性
Meaning
A quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something.
Example
Advanced crops possess beneficial attributes.
高度な作物は有益な属性を持っています。
B1 adjective /ʌnˈmærid/

unmarried

未婚
Meaning
Not married; single.
Example
He is thirty-five and still unmarried.
彼は三十五歳で、まだ未婚です。
C1 adjective ɪnˈdel.ə.bəl

indelible

消えない
Meaning
Making marks that cannot be removed; impossible to forget or remove.
Example
Her speech left an indelible mark on the audience.
彼女のスピーチは聴衆に消えない印象を残しました。
C1 noun /nɒb/

Knob

ドアや引き出しの丸い取っ手; 機械の小さな丸いスイッチ
Meaning
a rounded handle on a door or drawer; a small rounded switch on a machine
Example
He turned the brass knob to open the old wooden door.
彼は古い木の扉を開けるために真鍮のノブを回した。
C1 verb /ˈrʌf.l̩/

ruffle

Meaning
to disturb the smoothness of something; to annoy or upset someone
Example
The wind ruffled her hair.
B2 noun/verb /ɔːˈdɪʃən/

audition

オーディション
Meaning
A trial performance by an actor, singer, or musician to demonstrate suitability for a role.
Example
She auditioned for the lead role in the school play.
彼女は学校の劇で主役の役をオーディションした。
C2 noun /ˈkæriən/

carrion

死骸
Meaning
the decaying flesh of dead animals
Example
Vultures feed on carrion left in the fields.
ハゲワシは野原に残された死骸を食べる。
C2 adjective /ɪˈræsɪbl/

irascible

怒りっぽい
Meaning
Easily angered; quick-tempered.
Example
His irascible nature often got him into trouble.
彼の怒りっぽい性格はよくトラブルを引き起こしていた。
C2 adjective /ˈfʊl.dʒənt/

fulgent

輝かしい
Meaning
Shining brightly; dazzling.
Example
The fulgent stars lit up the night sky.
輝かしい星々が夜空を照らした。
B1 adjective ɪˈməʊʃənl

emotional

感情的
Meaning
Having feelings that are easily excited and openly displayed.
Example
Visiting the burial site made him emotional.
埋葬地を訪れることで彼は感情的になった。
B1 adjective /ˈæbsənt/

absent

欠席
Meaning
not present at a place or event
Example
She was absent from the meeting yesterday.
彼女は昨日会議を欠席していた。
C1 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/

Indecision

優柔不断; 決断力の欠如; 迷い
Meaning
the inability to make decisions quickly; uncertainty about what to do
Example
Her indecision about which job offer to accept caused her to miss both opportunities.
どの仕事のオファーを受けるかについての優柔不断さが、両方のチャンスを逃す原因となった。
C2 verb /ɪkˈstɛnjueɪt/

extenuate

軽減する
Meaning
to make an offense, fault, or situation seem less serious by providing an excuse or explanation
Example
The lawyer tried to extenuate his client's actions by highlighting his difficult childhood.
弁護士は、クライアントの難しい幼少期を強調して彼の行動を軽減しようとしました。
B2 noun /ˈmʌtn/

Mutton

羊肉
Meaning
meat from an adult sheep; lamb meat
Example
The restaurant serves delicious mutton curry with rice.
レストランはおいしい羊肉カレーを提供しています。
B2 noun /kreɪn/

Crane

クレーン
Meaning
a large tall bird with long legs and neck; a machine for lifting heavy objects
Example
The graceful crane stood motionless by the water's edge.
優雅なクレーンは水辺に静止して立っていた。
C2 noun /ˈhɑː.mə.li/

Homily

説教; 道徳的な退屈な講義
Meaning
a religious discourse delivered as part of a church service; a tedious moralizing lecture
Example
The priest delivered an inspiring homily about compassion and forgiveness during Sunday service.
牧師は日曜日の礼拝中に思いやりと許しについての感動的な説教を行いました。
A2 noun /ˈsen.tʃər.i/

Century

世紀; 百年
Meaning
a period of one hundred years; a score of one hundred in cricket
Example
The ancient castle has stood for more than five centuries.
その古い城は500年以上も立っています。
C2 noun /dæmˈneɪ.ʃən/

Damnation

永遠の罰; 破滅
Meaning
condemnation to eternal punishment in hell; something that causes ruin or failure
Example
The preacher spoke about salvation and damnation in his sermon.
説教者はその説教で救いと永遠の罰について話しました。
C1 adjective /ɪˈræʃənəl/

irrational

非合理的
Meaning
not logical or reasonable; lacking clear thought
Example
His fear of the dark was completely irrational.
彼の暗闇への恐れは完全に非合理的でした。
A2 noun /ˌænɪˈvɜːrsəri/

anniversary

記念日
Meaning
the yearly recurrence of a date marking a past event
Example
They celebrated their wedding anniversary with a dinner.
彼らは結婚記念日をディナーで祝いました。
B2 verb (phrasal) /ˈpæs ˌɔːf/

pass-off

Meaning
to present something or someone falsely as something else; to pretend or deceive
Example
He tried to pass off the fake watch as a luxury brand.
C1 noun /tækˈsɒnəmi/

taxonomy

分類学
Meaning
The science or practice of classifying things, especially organisms.
Example
Modern taxonomy helps scientists organize and study biodiversity.
現代の分類学は、科学者たちが生物多様性を整理し、研究するのを助けます。
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.ænˈθrɒp.ɪk/

philanthropic

博愛主義的な
Meaning
showing concern for the welfare of others; generous and charitable
Example
She is known for her philanthropic activities in the city.
彼女は街での博愛活動で知られています。
C2 adjective /ˌækwiˈɛsənt/

acquiescent

黙認
Meaning
ready to accept something without protest, or to do what someone else wants
Example
He gave an acquiescent smile and agreed to the plan.
彼は黙認の笑顔を見せて、計画に同意しました。
C1 noun /æmˈniːʒə/

amnesia

健忘症
Meaning
A partial or total loss of memory, usually caused by injury, illness, or psychological trauma.
Example
After the accident, she suffered from amnesia and could not remember her own name.
事故後、彼女はアムネジアに苦しみ、自分の名前を思い出せなかった。
C1 noun /ˈhɜːrbɪsaɪd/

herbicide

除草剤
Meaning
A chemical substance used to kill unwanted plants, especially weeds.
Example
Farmers used herbicide to protect their crops from invasive weeds.
農家は侵入する雑草から作物を守るために除草剤を使用しました。
C1 verb /ɪˈmænsɪpeɪt/

emancipate

解放する
Meaning
to set someone free from legal, social, or political restrictions; to liberate from slavery or oppression
Example
The law was designed to emancipate slaves and grant them full citizenship.
その法律は奴隷を解放し、完全な市民権を付与するために設計されました。
A1 noun /noʊˈvɛmbər/

november

11月
Meaning
the eleventh month of the year in the Gregorian calendar
Example
November is often cool and quiet before winter begins.
11月は冬が始まる前で、涼しく静かなことが多い。
B2 noun /ˌvɪz.ɪˈbɪlɪti/

visibility

可視性
Meaning
The state of being able to see or be seen; exposure or prominence.
Example
Increased visibility on social media can help businesses grow.
ソーシャルメディアでの可視性の向上は、ビジネスの成長に役立ちます。
C1 noun /ˌæbəˈrɪdʒəniːz/

aborigines

アボリジニ
Meaning
The original inhabitants of a land, especially in Australia.
Example
The aborigines have preserved their traditions for thousands of years.
アボリジニーズは何千年もの間、彼らの伝統を守り続けてきました。
B1 verb meɪnˈteɪn

maintain

維持する
Meaning
To keep in good condition; to preserve or sustain.
Example
Maintaining discipline in educational institutions is crucial.
教育機関での規律を維持することは重要です。
B1 noun /piː/

Pea

エンドウ豆
Meaning
a small round green seed eaten as a vegetable
Example
The children enjoyed eating sweet peas with dinner.
子供たちはディナーで甘いエンドウ豆を食べるのが好きでした。
C2 noun /ˈvɪntnər/

vintner

ワイン製造者 / ワイン販売者
Meaning
A person who makes or sells wine.
Example
The vintner explained the process of making red wine.
ヴィントナーは赤ワインの作り方を説明しました。
B2 noun ɪˈmɪʃ.ən

emission

排出
Meaning
The release or discharge of gases, particles, or other substances into the environment.
Example
Car manufacturers are reducing carbon emissions.
自動車メーカーはカーボン排出を減らしています。
C2 adjective /səˈpʌlkrəl/

sepulchral

墓に関連する、陰気な
Meaning
Relating to a tomb or burial; gloomy, dismal.
Example
The abandoned house had a sepulchral silence about it.
放棄された家には墓のような静けさが漂っていた。
B2 noun /ɪnˈventər/

inventor

発明家
Meaning
a person who creates or designs something new, especially a device, method, or process
Example
The inventor patented her new medical device.
その発明家は新しい医療機器の特許を取得した。
C2 verb /ˈpɜː.fə.reɪt/

perforate

穴を開ける
Meaning
to make a hole or holes through something
Example
The machine can perforate sheets of paper for easy tearing.
その機械は紙を簡単に引き裂くために穴を開けることができます。
B1 adjective ˈliː.ɡəl

legal

合法
Meaning
Permitted by law; relating to the law.
Example
Legal systems ensure justice.
法的なシステムは正義を保証します。
C1 adjective /ˈtɛmpərət/

temperate

温和な
Meaning
showing moderation or self-restraint; also describing mild climate.
Example
He is known for his temperate behavior even in stressful situations.
彼はストレスの多い状況でも温和な行動で知られています。
B1 verb /kwoʊt/

quote

引用する
Meaning
to repeat someone else's words; to give a price or estimate
Example
The teacher asked students to quote the famous author in their essays.
教師は学生にその有名な作家をエッセイで引用するように頼みました。
A2 adverb; noun /ˌaʊtˈdɔːrz/

outdoors

屋外で
Meaning
outside a building; the natural environment outside
Example
We spent the whole afternoon outdoors enjoying the fresh air.
私たちは午後ずっと屋外で新鮮な空気を楽しみました。
C1 adjective /ˈtɑːrdi/

tardy

遅刻
Meaning
Delayed; arriving or happening late.
Example
The student received a warning for being tardy to class.
学生は授業に遅れて警告を受けました。
B2 noun /ˈdeb.riː/

debris

破片
Meaning
Scattered pieces of waste or remains.
Example
Debris in the eyes causes irritation.
目に破片が入ると、刺激を引き起こします。
B1 noun ɪˈkɒnəmiːz

economies

経済
Meaning
The wealth and resources of a country or region.
Example
Emerging economies have been growing rapidly over the past decade.
新興経済は過去10年間で急速に成長しています。
C1 adjective /ɔːˌθɒr.ɪˈteə.ri.ən/

authoritarian

権威主義者
Meaning
Demanding absolute obedience to authority; excessively controlling or strict in governance.
Example
Authoritarian parenting often limits a child's independence.
権威主義的な育児は、しばしば子供の独立性を制限します。
C2 noun /slaɪt/

sleight

手品
Meaning
Skill or dexterity, especially in performing tricks.
Example
The magician amazed the crowd with his sleight of hand.
マジシャンはその手品で観客を驚かせた。
C2 noun/adjective /ˈsaɪklɔɪd/

cycloid

サイクロイド曲線
Meaning
a curve traced by a point on the rim of a circle as it rolls along a straight line
Example
The cycloid is often studied in mathematics and physics.
サイクロイド曲線は数学と物理学でよく研究されます。
C2 noun /ˌspoʊliˈeɪʃən/

spoliation

破壊
Meaning
The act of destroying or ruining something, often evidence or property.
Example
The court punished the company for the spoliation of evidence.
裁判所は証拠の破壊のために会社を罰しました。
C2 adjective /ˈbʊərɪʃ/

boorish

粗野
Meaning
Rude, insensitive, and lacking manners or refinement.
Example
His boorish behavior ruined the dinner party.
彼の粗野な行動はディナーパーティーを台無しにした。
B1 noun /ˈfʌŋkʃən/

function

機能
Meaning
An activity or purpose natural to or intended for a person or thing.
Example
The main function of the heart is to pump blood.
心臓の主な機能は血液をポンプすることです。
A2 noun /teɪst/

Taste

味; 個人的な好み
Meaning
the sensation produced when food touches the tongue; personal preference or liking
Example
This cake has a sweet taste that I really enjoy.
このケーキは私が本当に楽しんでいる甘い味がします。
A2 noun /dɪˈskʌʃən/

discussion

議論
Meaning
The action or process of talking about something in order to reach a decision or share ideas.
Example
The project needs more discussion before moving forward.
プロジェクトは前進する前にもっと議論が必要です。
C2 noun /ɡæsˈtraɪtɪs/

gastritis

ガストリティス
Meaning
Inflammation of the lining of the stomach.
Example
The doctor diagnosed him with gastritis after his endoscopy.
医師は内視鏡検査後に彼にガストリティスと診断しました。
B1 verb /pəʊs(t)ˈpəʊn/

postpone

延期する
Meaning
to delay something to a later time
Example
The meeting was postponed until next week.
会議は来週に延期されました。
C2 verb /ˈrævɪʃ/

ravish

魅了する
Meaning
To fill with intense delight; to captivate or enchant.
Example
The beauty of the sunset ravished the travelers.
夕日の美しさが旅行者を魅了した。
A2 verb /hʌnt/

hunt

狩り
Meaning
to chase and kill wild animals; to search for something
Example
The tigers hunt their prey at night.
トラは夜に獲物を狩ります。
A2 noun /ˈpoʊst ˌɒfɪs/

post office

郵便局
Meaning
a public building or agency where mail is sent, received, and other postal services are provided
Example
I went to the post office to mail a package.
私は荷物を送るために郵便局へ行きました。
C2 adjective /ɪkˈskɜːsɪv/

excursive

逸脱した
Meaning
Tending to digress or wander; moving away from the main subject.
Example
His excursive lecture left the students confused about the main topic.
彼の逸脱した講義は、学生たちを主題について混乱させました。
C2 adjective /beɪˈkoʊniən/

baconian

ベコニアン
Meaning
Relating to the philosopher Francis Bacon or his method of scientific reasoning.
Example
The researcher followed a Baconian approach to observation and experimentation.
研究者は観察と実験のためにベコニアンアプローチを採用しました。
C1 noun /ˈkɪləˌwɒt/

kilowatt

キロワット
Meaning
a unit of power equal to 1,000 watts
Example
The generator produces ten kilowatts of electricity.
発電機は10キロワットの電力を生産します。
A1 noun /suːp/

Soup

スープ
Meaning
a liquid food made by boiling meat, vegetables, or other ingredients in water
Example
I had a bowl of chicken soup for lunch.
私は昼食にチキンスープを一杯食べました。
C2 adjective /prɪˈzʌmptɪv/

presumptive

推定
Meaning
Based on probability or assumption rather than proof.
Example
She is the presumptive nominee for the party.
彼女はその党の推定候補者です。
C1 noun ˌɪn.toʊˈneɪ.ʃən

intonation

イントネーション
Meaning
The rise and fall of tone in speech and pronunciation.
Example
Proper intonation enhances the clarity of a speech.
適切なイントネーションはスピーチの明確さを高めます。
C1 verb, noun /lɜːrtʃ/

lurch

Meaning
to make an abrupt, unsteady, or uncontrolled movement; a sudden movement or stagger
Example
The bus lurched forward as the driver hit the brakes.
B2 adjective /məˈkænɪkəl/

mechanical

幸せ
Meaning
relating to machines or the way they work
Example
She has a good understanding of mechanical systems.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。
B1 adjective /ˈtwɛntiəθ/

twentieth

二十番目
Meaning
coming after the nineteenth in order; being one of twenty equal parts.
Example
She was born on the twentieth of April.
彼女は四月二十日に生まれました。
A2 adjective /ˈrʌʃən/

russian

Meaning
relating to Russia, its people, or its language
Example
She is studying the Russian language at university.
C1 verb /flɑp/

flop

失敗
Meaning
to fall or move heavily and clumsily; to fail completely
Example
The new movie flopped at the box office.
新しい映画は興行成績が振るわなかった。
C1 adjective /prəˈvoʊkɪŋ/

Provoking

挑発的
Meaning
causing anger or strong reaction; irritating; stimulating
Example
His provoking comments made everyone angry.
彼の挑発的なコメントは皆を怒らせた。
C2 adjective /fəˈsiːʃəs/

facetious

皮肉な
Meaning
Treating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor
Example
He was being facetious when he said he wanted to live on the moon.
彼は月に住みたいと言ったとき、皮肉を言っていた。
C1 noun /ˈmuːdi.nəs/

moodiness

気まぐれ
Meaning
The state of being frequently subject to changes in mood, especially irritability or sadness.
Example
Her moodiness made it difficult to predict how she would react.
彼女の気まぐれは、彼女がどのように反応するかを予測するのを難しくしました。
A2 preposition/conjunction/noun/adjective /plʌs/

plus

プラス/利点
Meaning
in addition to; a positive aspect or advantage
Example
She received an A plus on her exam.
彼女は試験でAプラスを取った。
B2 adjective /ɪnˈdɪf.ər.ənt/

indifferent

無関心
Meaning
having no particular interest or concern; not caring one way or another
Example
She was indifferent to the outcome of the match.
彼女は試合の結果に無関心だった。
C1 adverb /ˈfɪksɪdli/

Fixedly

固定的に
Meaning
in a steady, unmoving manner; with intense concentration
Example
He stared fixedly at the painting.
彼は絵を固定的に見つめていた。
B2 verb /ˈmæk.sɪ.maɪz/

maximize

最大化する
Meaning
to increase something as much as possible
Example
The company aims to maximize its profits this year.
会社は今年、利益を最大化することを目指しています。
B2 noun /ˈæsɪd/

acid

酸
Meaning
a chemical substance that reacts with bases and has a sour taste
Example
Lemons contain citric acid.
レモンにはクエン酸が含まれています。
A1 verb /biː/

be

である
Meaning
To exist, to occur, or to have a particular quality.
Example
She wants to be a doctor.
彼女は医者になりたい。
B2 noun /ˈmes.ɪn.dʒər/

Messenger

使者
Meaning
a person who carries messages or communications between parties
Example
The messenger delivered important battle plans to the commander.
使者は司令官に重要な戦闘計画を届けました。
B2 noun, verb /ˌɪnkənˈviːniəns/

inconvenience

不便
Meaning
trouble or difficulty caused to someone; to cause trouble or difficulty to someone
Example
We apologize for any inconvenience caused by the delay.
遅延によって生じた不便についてお詫びします。
C1 noun /ˈlænd.slaɪd/

Landslide

地すべり
Meaning
a collapse of a mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff; an overwhelming victory in an election
Example
Heavy rains triggered a massive landslide that blocked the mountain highway.
大雨が大規模な地すべりを引き起こし、山道をふさいだ。
C1 noun /ˈmɪlɪtəˌrɪzəm/

militarism

軍国主義
Meaning
The belief in maintaining a strong military and using it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
Example
The rise of militarism in the region caused tension among neighboring countries.
地域での軍国主義の台頭は、隣国間の緊張を引き起こしました。
C1 noun /ˌɪnkoʊˈhɪrəns/

incoherence

不整合
Meaning
The quality of being unclear, confused, or lacking logical connection.
Example
His speech was full of incoherence and difficult to follow.
彼のスピーチは不整合で、理解するのが難しかった。
A2 noun /ɡɑːrd/

Guard

警備員; ガード
Meaning
a person who keeps watch, especially a soldier or police officer; a device worn or fitted to prevent injury
Example
The security guard checked everyone's identification before allowing entry to the building.
セキュリティガードは、ビルに入る前に全員のIDを確認しました。
C1 noun /rɪft/

rift

亀裂
Meaning
a serious break in a relationship; a split or crack
Example
A rift developed between the two friends after the argument.
議論の後、二人の友達の間に亀裂が生じた。
C1 noun /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/

linguistics

言語学
Meaning
The scientific study of language and its structure.
Example
She decided to major in linguistics at university.
彼女は大学で言語学を専攻することに決めました。
B1 adjective ˈʃɔːrt.tɜːrm

short-term

短期的な
Meaning
Occurring over or involving a relatively short period of time.
Example
Investing in stocks can yield short-term profits.
株に投資することで短期的な利益を得ることができる。
C1 adjective /ˌser.ɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Ceremonial

儀式的
Meaning
relating to or used in ceremonies; formal and ritualistic
Example
The ceremonial dress was worn during the royal wedding.
王室の結婚式で着用される儀式的な衣装でした。
B2 noun /ˈkɒn.flɪkt ˌrez.əˈluː.ʃən/

conflict resolution

紛争解決
Meaning
The process of finding peaceful solutions to disputes or disagreements between parties.
Example
Conflict resolution is vital for global peace.
紛争解決は世界の平和にとって重要です。
C2 adjective /ˈseɪpiənt/

sapient

賢明な
Meaning
Wise, or appearing to be wise.
Example
The professor gave a sapient response to the complex question.
教授は複雑な質問に賢明な回答をしました。
C2 adjective /splɪˈnɛtɪk/

splenetic

怒りっぽい、意地悪な
Meaning
bad-tempered, irritable, spiteful
Example
His splenetic remarks offended everyone in the room.
彼の怒りっぽいコメントは部屋の皆を怒らせた。
C2 verb /dɪsˈmɛmbər/

dismember

切断する
Meaning
to cut or tear the limbs from a body; to divide into separate parts
Example
The king ordered his enemies to be dismembered.
王は敵を切り刻むよう命じました。
C2 noun ˈvɜː.mɪ.kʌl.tʃər

vermiculture

バーミカルチャー
Meaning
The cultivation of earthworms, especially for use in composting organic waste.
Example
Vermiculture enriches soil with natural nutrients.
バーミカルチャーは土壌に自然な栄養素を提供します。
B2 adverb /ˈoʊpənli/

Openly

率直に; 公然と
Meaning
in a frank and honest way; without concealment; publicly
Example
She spoke openly about her struggles with mental health.
彼女はメンタルヘルスの問題についてオープンに話した。
C2 noun /məˈrɔː.dər/

marauder

略奪者
Meaning
a person who roams around in search of things to steal or people to attack
Example
Villagers feared the marauders who raided their homes.
村人たちは自分たちの家を襲った略奪者を恐れていた。
C1 adjective /ɡroʊˈtɛsk/

grotesque

Meaning
comically or repulsively ugly or distorted
Example
The sculpture was so grotesque that it frightened the children.
B1 noun /prəˈməʊ.ʃən/

Promotion

昇進; プロモーション
Meaning
the act of raising someone to a higher position; advertising to increase sales
Example
She received a promotion to manager after five years of hard work.
彼女は5年間の努力の後、マネージャーに昇進しました。
C2 noun /ˈmʌrɪn/

murrain

家畜の伝染病
Meaning
An infectious disease that affects cattle and other animals, often fatal.
Example
The farmer lost many cows during the outbreak of murrain.
農家はムレインの流行中に多くの牛を失いました。
B2 adverb /ɪkˈstɛnsɪvli/

extensively

広範囲に
Meaning
in a thorough or wide-ranging manner
Example
She traveled extensively across Europe for her research.
彼女は研究のためにヨーロッパを広範囲に旅行しました。
C1 noun /kæpˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/

Captivity

監禁
Meaning
the condition of being imprisoned or confined
Example
After years of captivity, the prisoner was finally released.
長年の監禁の後、囚人は最終的に解放されました。
C1 noun /dɪn/

din

騒音
Meaning
a loud, unpleasant, and prolonged noise
Example
The din of traffic outside made it hard to concentrate.
外の交通の騒音が集中するのを困難にしていた。
B2 verb /kənˈstreɪn/

constrain

制限する
Meaning
to limit or restrict someone or something; to force or compel
Example
The new regulations constrain businesses from polluting the environment.
新しい規制は企業が環境を汚染するのを制限しています。
C1 noun /ˌɒk.sɪ.dʒɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

oxygenation

酸素供給または治療
Meaning
The process of supplying or treating with oxygen.
Example
Deep breathing exercises improve oxygenation of the body.
深呼吸の練習は身体の酸素供給を改善します。
C2 noun /stɒˈkeɪd/

stockade

木製の塀
Meaning
a defensive barrier made of strong posts or timbers, often around a fort or prison
Example
The prisoners were kept inside the wooden stockade.
囚人は木製の塀の中に閉じ込められていました。
B2 adjective /ʌnˈrɪəl/

unreal

非現実的な
Meaning
not real or not based on reality; exaggerated or imaginary
Example
The experience felt unreal after the sudden news.
突然の知らせの後、その体験は非現実的に感じられた。
C1 noun /ˈkælkjʊləs/

calculus

微積分
Meaning
A branch of mathematics concerned with rates of change and accumulation; also a hard mineral deposit in the body such as on teeth.
Example
Calculus is essential for advanced studies in physics and engineering.
微積分は物理学と工学の高度な研究に不可欠です。
C1 verb /səbˈsɪst/

subsist

生き延びる
Meaning
To maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level.
Example
Many villagers still subsist on fishing and farming.
多くの村人は今でも漁業と農業で生計を立てています。
C1 noun /ˈælkəmi/

alchemy

錬金術
Meaning
A medieval practice combining elements of chemistry and philosophy, aimed at transforming matter, especially turning base metals into gold.
Example
Medieval scientists devoted their lives to alchemy.
中世の科学者たちは命を錬金術に捧げました。
C2 adjective /ˈpɑːrtəbl/

partible

分割可能な
Meaning
capable of being divided or separated
Example
The estate was partible among the heirs.
その財産は相続人の間で分割可能でした。
B2 noun /ˈʃɪpɪŋ/

shipping

配送
Meaning
the process of transporting goods
Example
The shipping of the products was delayed due to weather conditions.
天候条件により商品の配送が遅れました。
C1 noun ˈoʊʃən əˌsɪdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

ocean acidification

海洋酸性化
Meaning
The ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Example
Ocean acidification is caused by atmospheric CO2 absorption.
海洋酸性化は、大気中のCO2の吸収によって引き起こされます。
C2 adjective /ˈlɪsəm/

lissome

細く、しなやかで優雅な動き
Meaning
Thin, supple, and graceful in movement.
Example
The dancer moved with a lissome elegance.
ダンサーはリソムな優雅さで動いていました。
B1 noun /rɪˈleɪ.ʃən/

Relation

関係; 親戚
Meaning
the way in which two or more people or things are connected; a family member
Example
They have a strong business relation that has lasted for years.
彼らは長年続く強力なビジネス関係を持っています。
B2 noun /ˈfæntəsi/

fantasy

ファンタジー
Meaning
a creation of the imagination, especially something improbable or impossible
Example
She has a vivid fantasy about traveling to space.
彼女は宇宙旅行に関する生き生きとしたファンタジーを持っています。
B1 adjective /kənˈtɪn.ju.əs/

continuous

連続的
Meaning
forming an unbroken whole; without interruption
Example
The factory operates on a continuous 24-hour schedule.
工場は24時間連続したスケジュールで稼働しています。
B2 noun /ˈtɔːrsoʊ/

torso

胴体
Meaning
The trunk of the human body, excluding the head and limbs.
Example
The artist painted the torso of the model in great detail.
芸術家はモデルの胴体を詳細に描きました。
A2 noun /ˈbæskɪtbɔːl/

basketball

Meaning
a game played by two teams who try to score points by throwing a ball through a hoop
Example
He loves playing basketball with his friends.
B2 noun /ˈmɪd.deɪ/

Midday

正午
Meaning
The middle of the day; twelve o'clock in the daytime; noon
Example
The sun is brightest at midday when it's directly overhead.
太陽は正午に最も輝いており、真上にあります。