B1 noun /ˈpɜː.sən.əl ˈdeɪ.tə/

personal data

個人データ

Meaning

Information that relates to an individual's private, sensitive, or identifiable data

Example

Protecting personal data is crucial in the digital age.

デジタル時代において個人データを保護することは重要です。

B1 noun /ˈtʃæn.əl/

Channel

チャンネル; 水路; 手段;

Meaning

a television or radio station; a passage for water or other liquids; a means of communication

Example

The news channel provided live coverage of the important event.

ニュースチャンネルは重要なイベントのライブ放送を提供しました。

B1 noun /ˈɔː.θər/

Author

著者

Meaning

a person who writes books, articles, or other written work

Example

The author spent three years writing her bestselling novel.

その著者は、彼女のベストセラー小説を書くのに3年を費やしました。

B1 verb /riˈækt/

react

反応する

Meaning

to respond or behave in a particular way to something

Example

She reacted angrily when she heard the news.

彼女はニュースを聞いて怒って反応した。

B1 noun /ˈkændɪdeɪt/

candidate

候補者

Meaning

A person who applies for a job or is nominated for election.

Example

The candidate gave a strong speech during the debate.

候補者は討論中に強いスピーチを行いました。

B1 noun riˈæləti

reality

現実

Meaning

The world or the state of things as they actually exist, as opposed to an idealistic or notional idea.

Example

The reality of the situation was evident.

状況の現実は明らかでした。

C1 noun /ˈʌlsər/

ulcer

Meaning

a sore on the skin or a mucous membrane that does not heal easily

Example

The doctor prescribed medicine to treat the stomach ulcer.

B1 adverb /ˈspeʃ.əl.i/

Specially

特別に

Meaning

for a particular purpose; especially; specifically

Example

This gift was specially made for you.

このギフトは特別にあなたのために作られました。

C2 verb /bɪˈliːɡər/

beleaguer

包囲する, 困らせる

Meaning

to cause difficulties, troubles, or harassment; to surround with military forces

Example

The company was beleaguered by constant complaints from its customers.

その会社は顧客からの絶え間ない苦情で包囲されていた。

C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.ænˈθrɒp.ɪk/

philanthropic

博愛主義的な

Meaning

showing concern for the welfare of others; generous and charitable

Example

She is known for her philanthropic activities in the city.

彼女は街での博愛活動で知られています。

B2 noun /ˈep.ɪk/

Epic

叙事詩

Meaning

a long poem telling of heroic deeds; something heroic or grand in scale

Example

The Iliad is one of the most famous epics in world literature.

イリアスは世界文学の中で最も有名な叙事詩の一つです。

A1 preposition, adverb /bɪˈtwiːn/

between

間

Meaning

at, into, or across the space separating two objects or regions

Example

She sat between her two friends.

彼女は二人の友達の間に座っていた。

B1 noun /kəʊst/

Coast

海岸

Meaning

the part of the land near the sea; the edge of the land

Example

We drove along the coast to enjoy the view.

私たちは海岸沿いに車を走らせ、景色を楽しみました。

B2 noun /ˈlɪt.ər.ə.si/

Literacy

識字

Meaning

the ability to read and write; competence or knowledge in a specified area

Example

Adult literacy programs help people learn to read.

成人識字プログラムは人々が読むことを学ぶのを助けます。

A1 interjection /ɑː/

ah

ああ

Meaning

used to express realization, surprise, or relief

Example

Ah, now I understand what you mean.

ああ、今あなたが言いたいことがわかりました。

C1 noun /kɑːɡ/

cog

車輪や歯車の歯

Meaning

A tooth on the rim of a wheel or gear; metaphorically, a minor but necessary part of a larger system.

Example

He felt like just a small cog in a big machine.

彼は大きな機械の中で小さな歯車のように感じていた。

C2 noun/verb /ˈkætˌkɔːl/

catcall

不快な口笛や叫び声

Meaning

A loud whistle or shout of disapproval or sexual harassment directed at someone.

Example

The actress ignored the catcalls from the crowd.

女優は群衆からのキャットコールを無視しました。

C1 noun /ˈtʌrɪt/

turret

大きな塔や建物の上にある小さな塔

Meaning

A small tower on top of a larger tower or building, often used in castles or fortifications.

Example

The castle was guarded by soldiers stationed in the turret.

城はタレットに駐留している兵士によって守られていた。

B2 verb /ˈsprɪŋkəl/

sprinkle

Meaning

to scatter small drops or particles of a substance over a surface

Example

She sprinkled sugar on top of the cake.

C1 noun /juːˈfɔː.ri.ə/

euphoria

ユーフォリア, 陶酔, 高揚感

Meaning

A feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness; elation.

Example

Winning the championship brought a sense of euphoria.

チャンピオンシップを勝ち取ったことで、ユーフォリアを感じた。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈspiːkəbl/

unspeakable

言葉では表現できない

Meaning

too bad or shocking to be expressed in words

Example

The survivors endured unspeakable horrors during the war.

生存者は戦争中に言葉では表現できない恐怖に耐えました。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈeɪliənəbl/

inalienable

譲渡不可能

Meaning

Unable to be taken away or transferred; absolute and permanent.

Example

Freedom of speech is an inalienable right.

言論の自由は譲渡不可能な権利です。

C1 noun /ˈɔːrθədɑːksi/

orthodoxy

正統

Meaning

traditional or generally accepted beliefs and practices

Example

The religious leader defended the orthodoxy of the faith.

宗教指導者は信仰の正統性を守った。

B2 noun /ˈtɒl.ər.əns/

Tolerance

寛容

Meaning

the ability to accept different opinions or behavior; willingness to allow something to exist

Example

Religious tolerance is important in a diverse society.

宗教の寛容さは多様な社会において重要です。

B2 noun /ˌek.əˈnɒm.ɪk səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

economic sustainability

経済の持続可能性

Meaning

The ability of an economy to support a defined level of economic production indefinitely.

Example

Economic sustainability drives long-term growth.

経済の持続可能性は長期的な成長を促進する。

B2 noun ˌfoʊ.t̬oʊˈsɪn.θə.sɪs

photosynthesis

光合成

Meaning

The process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.

Example

Plants depend on photosynthesis for survival.

植物は生存のために光合成に依存している。

C2 noun /ˌmɒnəˈmeɪniə/

monomania

Meaning

Excessive concentration or obsession with a single subject or idea.

Example

His monomania for collecting stamps worried his family.

C1 noun /ˈliːweɪ/

leeway

余裕

Meaning

Freedom to act within certain limits; extra space or time.

Example

The manager gave the team some leeway to finish the project.

マネージャーはチームにプロジェクトを終了するための余裕を与えました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈvɔɪd/

devoid

空虚

Meaning

Completely lacking or without something.

Example

His speech was devoid of any real emotion.

彼のスピーチは実際の感情が空虚だった。

C2 adjective /pəˈlɛmɪkəl/

polemical

論争的

Meaning

relating to or involving strongly critical or controversial writing or speech

Example

She wrote a polemical article challenging traditional beliefs.

彼女は伝統的な信念に挑戦する論争的な記事を書いた。

C1 noun /ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃən/

conflagration

大規模な破壊的な火災

Meaning

A large, destructive fire that destroys a great deal of land or property.

Example

The forest was devastated by a massive conflagration that lasted for days.

その森は数日間続いた巨大な火災によって壊されました。

C1 noun /ˌɪm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/

Imposition

課税; 負担; 不公平な要求

Meaning

the action or process of imposing something or of being imposed; an unfair burden or demand

Example

The imposition of new taxes without consultation angered the citizens greatly.

相談なしに新しい税金が課され、市民は非常に怒りました。

C2 noun /baɪˈmɛstər/

bimester

二ヶ月の期間

Meaning

A period of two months.

Example

The academic program is divided into six bimesters.

学術プログラムは6つのバイメスターに分かれています。

B1 noun /ruːt/

route

Meaning

a way or course taken to get from one place to another

Example

The best route to the airport is through the highway.

B2 noun /əˈlaʊəns/

Allowance

手当

Meaning

a sum of money paid regularly to a person; permission to do something

Example

Children receive a weekly allowance for helping with chores.

子供たちは家事の手伝いをすることで週刊手当を受け取ります。

A2 noun /ˈkæs.əl/

Castle

城; 宮殿;

Meaning

a large fortified building or set of buildings; a fortress

Example

The medieval castle stood majestically on top of the hill.

中世の城は丘の頂上に堂々と立っていました。

C2 noun /ɪˈreɪdiəns/

irradiance

放射輝度

Meaning

the quality of shining brightly; the intensity of light falling on a surface

Example

The irradiance of the sun at noon was overwhelming.

正午の太陽の放射輝度は圧倒的でした。

C1 noun /ˈmeɪsən/

mason

石工

Meaning

a person skilled in building with stone, brick, or concrete

Example

The mason carefully laid the bricks for the new house.

石工は新しい家のために慎重にレンガを積みました。

C1 verb /səˈplænt/

supplant

取って代わる

Meaning

To take the place of something or someone, often by force or strategy.

Example

Digital platforms have supplanted traditional newspapers.

デジタルプラットフォームは伝統的な新聞を取って代わった。

B2 noun /ʌnˈsɜːrtənti/

Uncertainty

不確実性; 疑念または確信の欠如

Meaning

the state of being uncertain; doubt or lack of sureness

Example

The uncertainty about the weather delayed our trip.

天気についての不確実性が私たちの旅行を遅らせた。

C1 noun /ˈskæf.əld/

Scaffold

足場

Meaning

a temporary structure used by workers to stand on when building or repairing something high; a platform for execution

Example

The workers erected a scaffold to paint the building's exterior.

作業員たちは建物の外壁を塗装するために足場を設置しました。

A1 noun /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

information

情報

Meaning

Facts or knowledge provided or learned about something.

Example

The website provides useful information about travel destinations.

このウェブサイトは旅行先に関する有用な情報を提供しています。

B1 noun /ˈkɒnflɪkt/

conflict

対立

Meaning

A serious disagreement or argument, often a prolonged one.

Example

The two countries are trying to resolve the conflict through negotiations.

二国は交渉を通じて対立を解決しようとしています。

C2 adjective /ˌsuː.pɚˈsɪl.i.əs/

supercilious

傲慢な

Meaning

Behaving or looking as though one thinks one is superior to others; arrogant and disdainful.

Example

She gave him a supercilious smile as if he was beneath her.

彼女は彼に傲慢な笑顔を見せた、まるで彼が彼女より下のように。

B1 noun /ˈdaɪ.mənd/

Diamond

ダイヤモンド

Meaning

a precious stone that is extremely hard and brilliant when cut

Example

She wore a diamond ring on her finger.

彼女は指にはダイヤモンドの指輪を着けていた。

C1 noun /ˈkjuːmɪn/

Cumin

クミン

Meaning

A spice made from the dried seeds of a plant in the parsley family, with a warm earthy flavor

Example

Cumin is an essential spice in Indian and Middle Eastern cooking.

クミンはインディア料理と中東料理で重要なスパイスです。

B1 adverb /trəˈdɪʃənəli/

traditionally

伝統的に

Meaning

according to custom or long-established practice

Example

Bangladesh is traditionally known for its hospitality.

バングラデシュは伝統的にそのおもてなしで知られています。

B2 adverb /ˈmɪərli/

merely

ただ

Meaning

Only; nothing more than.

Example

She was merely trying to help.

彼女はただ助けようとしていました。

B2 noun /ˈfræk.ʃən/

Fraction

分数; 部分

Meaning

a numerical quantity that is not a whole number; a small or tiny part of something

Example

Only a small fraction of the population voted in the local election.

地方選挙で投票したのは人口のごく一部に過ぎなかった。

C2 noun /nuːt/

Newt

イモリ

Meaning

a small amphibian with a long tail that lives both in water and on land

Example

The newt swam gracefully in the pond.

イモリは池で優雅に泳いでいました。

C1 adjective ˈæl.ɡə.rɪ.ðəm drɪv.ən

algorithm-driven

アルゴリズムによって駆動される。

Meaning

Controlled or powered by computer algorithms.

Example

Algorithm-driven systems increase accuracy.

アルゴリズム駆動システムは精度を向上させる。

C2 verb /diːˈnæʃənəlaɪz/

denationalize

民営化

Meaning

to transfer ownership from the government to private individuals or companies

Example

The government decided to denationalize the bank to encourage private investment.

政府は民間投資を促進するために銀行を民営化することを決定しました。

B2 adjective /mɪˈsteɪkən/

mistaken

間違った

Meaning

wrong or incorrect because of an error in judgment or understanding

Example

I was mistaken about the meeting time.

私は会議の時間を間違えていました。

C2 noun /ˌmɪstɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

mystification

困惑, 神秘化

Meaning

the act of making something unclear or confusing; a state of being puzzled or bewildered

Example

The audience watched in mystification as the magician performed his tricks.

観客はマジシャンが手品を披露する間、困惑して見ていた。

B1 adjective /ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/

artistic

芸術的

Meaning

having or revealing natural creative skill

Example

She has an artistic sense of design.

彼女はデザインに対するアーティスティックな感覚を持っています。

C1 noun /kiː/

quay

桟橋

Meaning

A platform lying alongside or projecting into water for loading and unloading ships.

Example

The cargo was unloaded at the quay.

貨物は桟橋で荷降ろしされました。

B2 noun, verb /ræŋks/

ranks

ランク

Meaning

Positions within a group, especially in a hierarchy or organization.

Example

He quickly moved up the ranks of the army.

彼はすぐに軍隊のランクで上昇しました。

C1 noun /dɪˌlɪb.əˈreɪ.ʃənz/

deliberations

審議

Meaning

Careful consideration and discussion before making decisions.

Example

Deliberations on sustainability continued for hours.

持続可能性についての審議は何時間も続きました。

C2 noun /ˈɡeɪm.stər/

gamester

プレイヤー

Meaning

A person who plays games, especially one who plays them skillfully or professionally.

Example

The old tavern was filled with gamesters competing in cards and dice.

古い酒場はカードとサイコロで競い合うプレイヤーで賑わっていました。

C1 noun /poʊˈlær.ɪ.ti/

polarity

極性

Meaning

the state of having two opposite or contradictory tendencies, opinions, or aspects

Example

The polarity between the two political parties is growing stronger.

二つの政治党派の間の極性は強くなりつつあります。

A2 noun /ˈkæb.ɪdʒ/

Cabbage

キャベツ

Meaning

a cultivated plant eaten as a vegetable, having thick green or purple leaves surrounding a spherical heart

Example

She chopped the fresh cabbage to make coleslaw for dinner.

彼女は夕食のためにコールスローを作るために新鮮なキャベツを切った。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈdɛkərəs/

indecorous

不作法

Meaning

Not in keeping with good taste and propriety; improper.

Example

His indecorous behavior shocked the audience.

彼の不作法な振る舞いは観客を驚かせた。

C1 adjective /ˈrek.wɪ.zɪt/

Requisite

必要な; 必須の

Meaning

made necessary by particular circumstances; required

Example

Good communication skills are requisite for this job.

この仕事には良いコミュニケーションスキルが必要です。

C1 verb /ˈtɛðər/

tether

繋ぐ

Meaning

To tie an animal with a rope or chain so it cannot move far.

Example

The farmer tethered the goat to a post.

農夫はヤギを柱に繋ぎました。

B1 noun /ˈpɪkʌp/

pickup

オープンバックの小型トラック; 何かを集めたり改善したりする行為

Meaning

a small truck with an open back; the act of collecting or improving something

Example

The company scheduled a pickup for the returned goods.

会社は返却された商品を引き取る予定でした。

A1 verb /biː/

be

である

Meaning

To exist, to occur, or to have a particular quality.

Example

She wants to be a doctor.

彼女は医者になりたい。

C1 verb /məˈlɛst/

molest

嫌がらせ / 性的虐待

Meaning

to assault or abuse someone, especially in a sexual or physical way

Example

The criminal was arrested for attempting to molest a child.

犯罪者は子供を誘惑しようとしたため逮捕されました。

B1 adjective /ɪkˈstrɔːr.dɪ.nər.i/

Extraordinary

非凡な; 顕著な;

Meaning

very unusual; remarkable; going beyond what is normal or expected

Example

The magician's performance was extraordinary and left everyone amazed.

魔法使いのパフォーマンスは非凡で、すべての人を驚かせました

B1 adjective /ˈtʃaɪl.dɪʃ/

Childish

子供っぽい; 子供のような振る舞いだが大人には不適切

Meaning

immature and silly; behaving in a way that is typical of a child but inappropriate for an adult

Example

His childish behavior during the meeting was quite embarrassing.

会議中の彼の子供っぽい行動はかなり恥ずかしいものでした。

B2 adjective /ˈɡrʌm.pi/

Grumpy

不機嫌な; イライラした;

Meaning

bad-tempered and irritable; easily annoyed

Example

He was grumpy all morning because he didn't sleep well.

彼は朝からずっと不機嫌でした、よく眠れなかったからです。

B2 verb dɪˈspætʃt

dispatched

派遣された

Meaning

To send off to a destination or for a purpose.

Example

A team was dispatched quickly.

チームは迅速に派遣されました。

C2 verb /ˈbændi/

bandy

Meaning

To pass (words, ideas, or gossip) back and forth in a casual or argumentative way.

Example

They bandied jokes across the table.

C1 adjective /ˈɜːr.θən/

Earthen

土や粘土で作られた; 陶芸に関連する

Meaning

made of earth or clay; relating to pottery or ceramic materials

Example

The kitchen had beautiful earthen pots for storage.

キッチンには収納用の美しい土の鉢がありました。

C1 noun/verb /vɔːlt/

vault

金庫 / 飛び越える

Meaning

A secure room for storing valuables; also to leap or spring over something.

Example

The bank kept its gold bars in a secure vault.

銀行は金の延べ棒を安全な金庫に保管していました。

B2 noun /strɪp/

Strip

布、紙、プラスチック、またはその他の材料の長くて細い帯

Meaning

a long narrow piece of cloth, paper, plastic, or other material

Example

She tore a strip of paper from the notebook.

彼女はノートから紙のストリップを引き裂きました。

B2 noun /ˈɑːrtɪˌfækt/

artifact

遺物

Meaning

an object made by humans, typically of historical or cultural interest

Example

The museum displayed ancient artifacts from Egypt.

博物館はエジプトの古代のアーティファクトを展示しました。

B2 noun /məˈræl.ə.ti/

Morality

道徳

Meaning

principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong behavior

Example

The debate focused on the morality of the decision.

議論はその決定の道徳性に焦点を当てました。

C1 verb /ˈkæp.saɪz/

capsize

転覆する

Meaning

to overturn in the water

Example

The small fishing boat capsized during the storm.

小さな漁船が嵐の中で転覆した。

C1 adjective /ɪˈnænɪmət/

inanimate

無生物

Meaning

not alive, especially not in the manner of animals and humans; lifeless

Example

The museum was full of inanimate objects from ancient times.

博物館には古代の無生物がいっぱいだった。

C1 adjective /ˈbær.ən/

Barren

不毛の; 荒涼とした; 生産性がない; 不生産的

Meaning

sterile; unable to produce; desolate; unproductive

Example

The barren desert stretched for miles without any vegetation.

荒れ果てた砂漠は何マイルも広がり、植物は一切なかった。

B2 noun/verb /ˈsoʊ.ɪŋ/

sewing

裁縫

Meaning

The activity or skill of joining fabric using a needle and thread

Example

She enjoys sewing her own clothes on weekends.

彼女は週末に自分の服を裁縫するのを楽しみます。

B1 noun /foʊk/

folk

人々

Meaning

people in general, often referring to a group or community

Example

Country folk often live a simple life.

田舎の人々はよくシンプルな生活をしています。

B1 noun /ˈempaɪər/

empire

帝国

Meaning

a group of countries or regions controlled by one ruler or government

Example

The Roman Empire lasted for centuries.

ローマ帝国は何世代にもわたって続きました。

C1 adjective /ˌmɒnəˈlɪθɪk/

monolithic

モノリシック

Meaning

Massive, uniform, and indivisible; resembling a large single stone or structure.

Example

The company maintained a monolithic structure resistant to change.

その会社は変化に強いモノリシックな構造を維持しました。

C1 noun/verb /rɪˈpoʊz/

repose

休息

Meaning

a state of rest, sleep, or tranquility; to rest or lie in a peaceful position

Example

After the long journey, she sought repose in the quiet garden.

長い旅の後、彼女は静かな庭で休息を求めた。

C1 adjective /ˌfɑːrˈfɛtʃt/

far-fetched

信じがたい

Meaning

unlikely to happen or be true; improbable

Example

His explanation for being late was a bit far-fetched.

彼の遅刻の理由は少し信じがたいものでした。

B2 verb /suːð/

soothe

落ち着かせる

Meaning

to calm or comfort; to relieve pain or distress

Example

The mother soothed her crying baby with a gentle lullaby.

お母さんは優しい子守唄で泣いている赤ちゃんを静めました。

C2 verb /stɑːntʃ/

stanch

止血する

Meaning

to stop the flow of blood or liquid from a wound or source

Example

The nurse quickly stanched the bleeding from the cut.

看護師はすぐに切り傷からの出血を止めました。

B1 noun /'pʌmp.kɪn/

Pumpkin

カボチャ

Meaning

a large round orange fruit with thick skin and edible flesh

Example

We carved a jack-o'-lantern from a big pumpkin.

私たちは大きなカボチャからジャック・オー・ランタンを彫りました。

C1 noun /ˈneɪ.vəl fɔːrs/

Naval Force

海軍

Meaning

the branch of a nation's armed services that conducts military operations at sea

Example

The naval force protected the country's coastline from enemy attacks.

海軍は敵の攻撃から国の海岸線を守った

C2 noun /ˈɪŋkjʊbəs/

incubus

悪夢のような重荷

Meaning

An oppressive or nightmarish burden; in folklore, an evil spirit that lies upon sleeping people.

Example

Debt became an incubus that weighed heavily on the family.

借金は家族に重くのしかかる悪夢のような存在となった。

A2 noun /siːn/

scene

シーン

Meaning

a place or setting of an event or activity, or the part of a play or film

Example

The final scene of the movie was very emotional.

映画の最後のシーンはとても感動的でした。

C1 noun /ˈstɛnsəl/

stencil

型抜き

Meaning

A thin sheet of material with a design cut out, used to produce the design on the surface below by applying paint or ink through the cut-out holes.

Example

The artist used a stencil to paint identical stars on the wall.

アーティストは壁に同じ星を描くために型抜きを使用しました。

C1 noun /ɪˈrɛlɪvənsi/

irrelevancy

無関係性

Meaning

the state of being unrelated or unimportant to the matter at hand

Example

The judge dismissed the argument because of its irrelevancy to the case.

裁判官はその主張が事件と無関係であるとして退けた。

C2 noun /əˈvɪdəti/

avidity

熱意

Meaning

extreme eagerness or enthusiasm

Example

He accepted the offer with avidity.

彼は熱意を持ってその提案を受け入れました。

C2 noun /əˈbrɪdʒmənt/

abridgment

要約版

Meaning

A shortened version of a larger work, such as a book or speech.

Example

The publisher released an abridgment of the lengthy novel for students.

出版社は学生のために長編小説の要約版を公開しました。

B2 noun prəˈdʒɛk.ʃən

projection

声の投影

Meaning

The strength and range of voice when speaking.

Example

Proper projection ensures that every listener hears clearly.

適切なプロジェクションは、すべての聴衆が明確に聞こえることを保証します。

A1 adjective /ˈbɪzi/

busy

忙しい

Meaning

actively engaged in work or activity; occupied

Example

He is too busy to answer the phone.

彼は電話に出るのがあまりにも忙しい。

B2 noun /rɪˈlaɪ.əns/

Reliance

依存

Meaning

the state of depending on something or someone for support or help

Example

His reliance on technology is concerning.

技術への依存は懸念すべきことです。

B1 noun /juːˈten.səlz/

Utensils

食器

Meaning

tools or implements used for cooking, eating, or serving food

Example

Please wash all the cooking utensils after preparing dinner.

ディナーを準備した後、すべての料理用具を洗ってください。

A1 noun /ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ/

drinking

飲む

Meaning

the act of consuming liquids, especially alcohol

Example

Drinking too much water at once can make you feel bloated.

一度に水を飲みすぎると、膨張感を感じることがあります。

C1 noun /ˈhɒməˌfoʊn/

homophone

同音異義語

Meaning

A word that is pronounced the same as another word but differs in meaning, and often spelling.

Example

The words 'pair' and 'pear' are homophones.

「pair」と「pear」の単語は同音異義語です。

B2 noun /den/

Den

巣穴; 快適な部屋; 不法活動の場所

Meaning

a wild animal's lair or home; a small, comfortable room; a place for illegal activities

Example

The fox disappeared into its den when it sensed danger approaching.

キツネは危険が迫るのを感じて、巣穴に姿を消しました。

B1 noun /twɪst/

Twist

回転; ねじれ; 曲がり;

Meaning

a turn, curve, or bend; an unexpected development; a dance

Example

The story had an unexpected twist at the end.

話は最後に予期しない展開を迎えました。

B2 noun /məˈtʃʊrəti/

Maturity

成熟

Meaning

The state of being mature; full development physically or emotionally

Example

With age comes wisdom and emotional maturity.

年齢とともに知恵と感情的成熟が訪れる。

C2 adjective /sæŋˈɡwɪniəs/

sanguineous

血液に関連する

Meaning

Relating to blood; bloody.

Example

The surgeon examined the sanguineous discharge from the wound.

外科医は傷口からの血なまぐさい分泌物を調べました。

C1 noun /ˌres.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Recitation

朗読

Meaning

the action of reciting or repeating aloud from memory

Example

The poetry recitation contest was held in the auditorium.

詩の朗読大会はホールで行われました。

C1 noun /weɪl/

Wail

泣き声; 叫び

Meaning

a prolonged cry of pain, grief, or anger; to cry loudly

Example

The child's wail could be heard throughout the house.

その子供の泣き声は家中に聞こえた。

C1 noun ˌdɛməˈɡræfɪk trænˈzɪʃən

demographic transition

人口転換

Meaning

A shift in population patterns from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops economically

Example

The demographic transition indicates a shift towards an aging society.

人口転換は高齢化社会への移行を示しています。

B1 noun /ˈref.ər.əns/

Reference

参考文献

Meaning

the action of mentioning or alluding to something; a source of information

Example

Please provide references to support your research claims.

研究の主張を支持するために参考文献を提供してください。

A2 noun ˈfriː.dəm

freedom

自由

Meaning

The power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint.

Example

Freedom empowers self-expression.

自由は自己表現を促進します。

C1 noun /ˈsɪməli/

simile

直喩

Meaning

A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another using 'like' or 'as'.

Example

She used a simile to describe her eyes as bright as stars.

彼女は自分の目を星のように明るいと表現するために直喩を使いました。

C1 noun /ˌɛksɪˈkjuːʃənər/

executioner

処刑人

Meaning

A person who carries out a death sentence by execution.

Example

The executioner prepared the gallows for the condemned prisoner.

処刑人は死刑囚のために絞首台を準備した。

C2 adjective /ʌnˈspɛərɪŋ/

unsparing

容赦ない

Meaning

Showing no mercy or generosity; harsh or severe.

Example

The critic was unsparing in his review of the play.

批評家は彼の演劇レビューで容赦なかった。

C1 noun /spɛk/

speck

しみ

Meaning

A very small spot, mark, or particle.

Example

There was a tiny speck of dust on the glass table.

ガラスのテーブルに小さなほこりのしみがあった。

C1 noun /ˌɪntərˌɒpərəˈbɪləti/

interoperability

相互運用性

Meaning

The ability of computer systems or software to exchange and make use of information.

Example

The interoperability of different software systems ensures seamless workflow.

異なるソフトウェアシステムの相互運用性は、シームレスな作業の流れを確保します。

C1 noun /roʊt/

rote

暗記

Meaning

mechanical or habitual repetition, often without understanding

Example

He learned the poem by rote without understanding its meaning.

彼はその詩を意味を理解せずに暗記しました。

A1 noun /hoʊm/

home

家

Meaning

the place where one lives, especially with family; a residence

Example

She finally returned home after a long journey.

彼女は長い旅の後、やっと家に帰りました。

A2 adjective /ˈsep.ər.ət/

Separate

別々; 異なる; 個別; 分離

Meaning

distinct; not connected; individual; apart

Example

Please keep your personal and professional lives separate.

個人的な生活とプロフェッショナルな生活は分けておいてください。

B2 adjective /ˈkaʊntləs/

countless

数えきれない

Meaning

too many to be counted; innumerable

Example

There are countless stars in the sky.

空には無数の星があります。

B2 noun /ˌsɒl.ɪˈdær.ə.ti/

Solidarity

団結

Meaning

unity or agreement of feeling or action among individuals with a common interest

Example

The workers showed solidarity during the strike.

労働者はストライキの間、団結を示しました。