C1 adjective /pɪˈkjuːniˌɛri/

pecuniary

財政的な

Meaning

relating to money or financial matters

Example

They faced pecuniary difficulties after the business failed.

彼らはビジネスが失敗した後、財政的な困難に直面しました。

C1 noun /pəˈzɛsər/

possessor

所有者

Meaning

A person who owns or holds something.

Example

The possessor of the land built a new house.

土地の所有者は新しい家を建てました。

B2 noun /ˈprɛfəs/

preface

序文

Meaning

an introduction to a book, speech, or other written work

Example

The author explained his motivation in the preface.

著者は序文で自分の動機を説明しました。

C1 noun /ˈpɔːpər/

pauper

乞食人

Meaning

A very poor person.

Example

The pauper begged for food on the street corner.

その乞食人は街角で食べ物を求めていた。

C2 adjective /ˌpɛstɪˈlɛnʃəl/

pestilential

疫病の

Meaning

Relating to or causing pestilence; very harmful, troublesome, or dangerous.

Example

The pestilential smell of the garbage filled the street.

ゴミのペスティレンシャルな匂いが通りを満たした。

A1 noun/adjective/preposition /pɑːst/

past

過去

Meaning

the time before the present; gone by in time

Example

He often thinks about his past mistakes.

彼はよく自分の過去の誤りを考えます。

B2 adjective /ˈplen.tɪ.fəl/

Plentiful

豊富な; 大量の

Meaning

abundant; existing in large quantity

Example

The harvest was plentiful this year due to good weather.

今年は良い天気のおかげで収穫が豊富でした。

C2 noun /pɜːrtʃt raɪs/

Perched rice

膨らんだご飯

Meaning

puffed rice; rice that has been heated and puffed into light, crispy grains

Example

I enjoy eating puffed rice as a healthy snack.

私は健康的なおやつとして膨らんだご飯を食べるのが好きです。

C2 adjective /ˈpjuːtətɪv/

putative

推定の

Meaning

commonly accepted or supposed; generally regarded as such

Example

He is the putative father of the child.

彼は子供の推定父親です。

C1 adverb /pɜːr ˈseɪ/

per se

自体

Meaning

By or in itself; intrinsically.

Example

The idea is not bad per se, but it needs improvement.

そのアイデア自体は悪くないが、改善が必要だ。

C2 verb /prɪˈværɪkeɪt/

prevaricate

Meaning

to avoid telling the truth by not giving a direct answer

Example

The politician began to prevaricate when asked about the scandal.

C1 adjective /ˈpɑːndərəs/

ponderous

重くて遅い

Meaning

slow and clumsy because of great weight; dull and labored

Example

The ponderous lecture made it hard for students to stay awake.

重くて遅い講義は学生たちが目を覚ましているのを難しくした。

C1 adjective /pəˈrɪʒən/

parisian

パリに関連する

Meaning

relating to Paris or its people

Example

She wore a Parisian style dress at the party.

彼女はパリジャンスタイルのドレスをパーティーで着ていた。

B2 noun /ˈplænər/

planner

プランナー

Meaning

a person who makes plans or a book used for organizing schedules and tasks

Example

She uses a daily planner to organize her meetings.

彼女は会議を整理するために毎日のプランナーを使っています。

A2 noun /ˈpɒkɪt/

pocket

Meaning

a small, enclosed space in clothing for carrying items

Example

He put his phone in his pocket.

C1 verb /ˈpætər/

patter

繰り返される軽いタップ音を立てる / 機械的に素早く話す

Meaning

to make a repeated light tapping sound; to talk quickly in a rehearsed or mechanical way

Example

Rain pattered softly on the window.

雨は窓に静かにパタパタと音を立てていた。

C2 noun /ˈpɒl.iˌθi.ɪz.əm/

polytheism

多神教

Meaning

the belief in or worship of multiple gods

Example

Ancient Greeks practiced polytheism, worshiping gods like Zeus and Athena.

古代ギリシャ人はポリシズムを実践し、ゼウスやアテナのような神々を崇拝していました。

B2 noun /pliː/

Plea

請願; 要求; 弁明

Meaning

an urgent and emotional request; a defendant's formal response to a criminal charge; an excuse or justification

Example

She made a plea for help during the emergency.

緊急時に彼女は助けを求める請願をした。

C1 noun ˈprɛvələns

prevalence

蔓延

Meaning

The fact or condition of being widespread; the extent to which something exists or occurs

Example

The prevalence of aging issues requires immediate attention.

老化問題の蔓延は即時の注意を必要とする。

C1 adjective /prəˈlɪf.ɪk/

prolific

多作な

Meaning

Present in large numbers or quantities; plentiful; producing many works, results, or offspring.

Example

The author is prolific, having written over 30 books.

その著者は非常に多作で、30冊以上の本を執筆しています。

B1 noun /ˌpɒp.jəˈlær.ə.ti/

Popularity

Parents

親

Meaning

One's father and mother.

Example

The family tree starts with the child's parents.

家系図は子供の親から始まります。

C1 noun /ˈpæŋkriəs/

pancreas

膵臓

Meaning

A gland in the abdomen that produces insulin and digestive enzymes.

Example

The pancreas plays a vital role in digestion and blood sugar regulation.

膵臓は消化と血糖の調節に重要な役割を果たしています。

B2 verb /pruːn/

prune

剪定する

Meaning

to cut off unwanted parts of a plant or tree to help it grow better

Example

Gardeners prune the trees in spring to encourage growth.

庭師は春に木を剪定して成長を促進します。

C2 verb /prɪmp/

primp

幸せ

Meaning

To spend time making minor adjustments to one's appearance.

Example

She primped in front of the mirror before the party.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

C1 noun /ˈpɜːrkəleɪtər/

percolator

コーヒーパーコレーター

Meaning

A device used for brewing coffee by continually cycling boiling water through coffee grounds.

Example

She made a fresh pot of coffee using the percolator.

彼女はパーコレーターを使って新しいコーヒーを作りました。

C2 verb /proʊˈskraɪb/

proscribe

禁止する

Meaning

to forbid something by law or authority

Example

The new law will proscribe the use of harmful chemicals in farming.

新しい法律は農業で有害な化学物質の使用を禁止します。

C1 adjective /pæˈseɪ/

passe

時代遅れの; 流行遅れ

Meaning

no longer fashionable or current; out of date

Example

Some trends from last decade feel utterly passé now.

昨今のトレンドのいくつかは今や完全に時代遅れに見える。

C1 adjective /pləˈtɒnɪk/

platonic

プラトニック

Meaning

relating to a close relationship that is not romantic or sexual

Example

They have a platonic friendship that has lasted for years.

彼らは長年続いているプラトニックな友情を持っています。

B2 noun /prɔːn/

Prawn

エビ

Meaning

a large marine crustacean similar to shrimp but typically bigger

Example

The chef prepared delicious prawn curry with coconut milk.

シェフはココナッツミルクでおいしいエビカレーを作りました。

C2 adjective /ˌpriːpəˈzɛsɪŋ/

prepossessing

魅力的

Meaning

Attractive or appealing in appearance or manner.

Example

She had a prepossessing smile that charmed everyone.

彼女は魅力的な笑顔を持っていて、みんなを魅了した。

C2 /ˈpæn.ə.pli/

panoply

全装備

Meaning

A complete or impressive collection of things; a full set of armor.

Example

The museum displayed a panoply of ancient weapons.

博物館は古代の武器の全装備を展示しました。

C1 adjective /ˈpraɪ.məl/

primal

原始的, 基本的

Meaning

Relating to the earliest stage of development; essential or fundamental.

Example

Fear is one of the most primal emotions humans experience.

恐怖は人間が経験する最も原始的な感情の一つです。

A2 verb /pɪk/

pick

選ぶ

Meaning

to choose; to take or select from a group; to pluck or gather

Example

Please pick your favorite color from the palette.

パレットからお好みの色を選んでください。

C2 adjective /prəˈvaɪzəri/

provisory

仮の

Meaning

conditional; depending on certain terms being met

Example

The arrangement was only provisory until the final contract was signed.

その取り決めは、最終契約が署名されるまで仮のものでした。

C1 adjective /ˈpærəmaʊnt/

paramount

最も重要な

Meaning

more important than anything else; supreme

Example

Safety is of paramount importance in this factory.

この工場では安全が最も重要です。

C1 noun /ˈpʊlpɪt/

pulpit

説教台

Meaning

a raised platform in a church from which the preacher delivers a sermon

Example

The pastor stood at the pulpit to address the congregation.

牧師は説教台の前に立って、会衆に向かって話した。

C1 adjective /pərˈtɜːrbd/

perturbed

動揺した

Meaning

feeling anxious, unsettled, or disturbed

Example

He looked perturbed after hearing the bad news.

悪いニュースを聞いた後、彼は動揺しているように見えました。

C1 noun /ˈpʌndɪt/

pundit

専門家

Meaning

An expert in a particular subject or field who is frequently called upon to give opinions to the public.

Example

Political pundits debated the election results on television.

政治の専門家たちはテレビで選挙結果について議論しました。

A2 noun /ˈpɪərɪəd/

period

期間

Meaning

a length or portion of time

Example

The meeting will last for a period of two hours.

会議は2時間の期間続きます。

A2 adjective ˈpɒzətɪv

positive

ポジティブ

Meaning

Having an electric charge opposite to that of an electron.

Example

Protons have a positive charge.

陽子は正の電荷を持っています。

B1 adjective /ˈplʊrəl/

plural

複数

Meaning

denoting more than one person or thing

Example

The word 'cats' is the plural of 'cat'.

'猫'の複数形は'猫たち'です。

B2 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.fəl/

pitiful

悲惨な, 哀れな, とても小さい

Meaning

deserving or arousing pity; very small or inadequate

Example

The team's performance was pitiful compared to last year.

チームのパフォーマンスは昨年に比べて悲惨でした。

B2 adjective /ˈpleɪfəl/

playful

遊び好きな, 活発な

Meaning

full of fun and high spirits; lively

Example

The puppy was very playful, running around the garden.

子犬はとても遊び好きで、庭を走り回っていました。

A2 noun /pæn/

Pan

フライパン

Meaning

a wide, flat-bottomed cooking utensil used for frying, searing, and browning foods

Example

Heat the oil in a large pan before adding the vegetables.

油を大きなフライパンで熱してから、野菜を加えます。

C1 noun /fɪˈziːk/

physique

体格

Meaning

the form, size, and development of a person's body

Example

He has an athletic physique due to years of training.

彼は長年のトレーニングでアスリートのような体格を持っています。

C2 adjective /ˈpɑːrtəbl/

partible

分割可能な

Meaning

capable of being divided or separated

Example

The estate was partible among the heirs.

その財産は相続人の間で分割可能でした。

C1 verb /ˈpæs.ɪ.faɪ/

pacify

鎮める

Meaning

To quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of someone.

Example

The mother tried to pacify her crying child.

母親は泣いている子を落ち着かせようとした。

C1 adjective /præɡˈmæt.ɪk/

pragmatic

実用的

Meaning

Dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than idealistic considerations.

Example

He took a pragmatic approach to solving the financial crisis.

彼は財政危機を解決するために実用的なアプローチを採用しました。

C2 verb /ˈproʊtjuːbəreɪt/

protuberate

膨らむ

Meaning

To swell out or bulge.

Example

The roots began to protuberate from the ground.

根は地面から膨らみ始めました。

B2 adjective /prɪˈdɪktəbəl/

predictable

予測可能

Meaning

able to be predicted or foreseen

Example

His reactions were predictable based on his past behavior.

彼の反応は過去の行動に基づいて予測可能でした。

B1 noun prɪˈven.ʃən

prevention

予防

Meaning

The action of stopping something from happening or arising.

Example

Prevention of fascism ensures democracy.

ファシズムの予防は民主主義を保証する。

C2 adjective /ˌpɑːrsɪˈmoʊniəs/

parsimonious

けち

Meaning

unwilling to spend money or use resources; stingy

Example

The company was too parsimonious to invest in better equipment.

その会社は良い設備に投資するにはあまりにもけちだった。

C2 verb /priːˈfɪɡjər/

prefigure

前兆を示す

Meaning

to represent, show, or foreshadow something in advance

Example

The economic reforms prefigure major social changes.

経済改革は大きな社会変革を予兆しています。

B1 verb /ˈpʌblɪʃ/

publish

出版する

Meaning

to print and distribute books, magazines, etc.; to make information available

Example

The author will publish her new novel next month.

著者は来月新しい小説を出版します。

C1 noun /ˈpærəbl/

parable

寓話

Meaning

A simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson.

Example

Jesus often taught using a parable to convey deeper truths.

イエスはしばしば深い真理を伝えるために寓話を使って教えていました。

C2 adjective /ˈpɔːrtli/

portly

ぽっちゃり

Meaning

Having a stout or somewhat fat body, often implying dignity or authority.

Example

The portly man entered the room with confidence.

ぽっちゃりな男性は自信を持って部屋に入った。

B2 noun /ˈpeɪtrən/

patron

後援者

Meaning

a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, or cause

Example

The library is supported by generous patrons.

図書館は寛大な後援者によって支えられています。

C2 noun /ˈpɛstɪləns/

pestilence

ペスト

Meaning

A deadly or virulent epidemic disease that spreads rapidly.

Example

The medieval city was devastated by a pestilence.

中世の都市はペストで荒廃した。

B1 noun /ˈpɑː.vər.t̬i/

Poverty

貧困; 基本的なニーズの不足

Meaning

the state of being extremely poor; lack of basic necessities

Example

Many organizations work to reduce poverty around the world.

多くの団体が世界中で貧困を減らすために働いています。

C1 adjective pərˈnɪʃəs

pernicious

有害な, 致命的な

Meaning

Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.

Example

The pernicious effects of smoking are well-documented.

喫煙の有害な影響は十分に記録されています。

C1 noun /ˌpæl.pɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Palpitation

興奮や医学的状態による顕著な速く、強い、または不規則な心拍

Meaning

a noticeably rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat due to agitation or medical condition

Example

She experienced palpitations before her job interview.

彼女は面接前にパルピテーションを感じました。

B1 noun /ˈpæsɪdʒ/

passage

狭い通路; 断片/引用; 一つの状態や場所から他の場所へ移動するプロセス

Meaning

a narrow way through or between; a section of text or music; the process of moving from one state or place to another

Example

The narrow passage led from the courtyard to the library.

狭い通路は中庭から図書館へと続いていた。

C1 noun prɪˈsɪʒ.ən ˈæɡ.rɪ.kʌl.tʃər

precision agriculture

精密農業

Meaning

The technique of conducting agricultural work using advanced technology.

Example

Precision agriculture optimizes resource use and increases efficiency.

精密農業は資源の使用を最適化し、効率を向上させます。

B2 noun

Patriot

愛国者

C1 verb /priːˈɛmpt/

preempt

予防する

Meaning

To take action in order to prevent something from happening; to take the place of something.

Example

The government acted quickly to preempt a financial crisis.

政府は迅速に行動し、金融危機を防ぎました。

C1 adjective /ˈpɑːm.pəs/

Pompous

気取った; うぬぼれた; 過度に豪華な

Meaning

showing off; pretentious; overly grand

Example

His pompous attitude annoyed everyone at the meeting.

彼の気取った態度は会議でみんなを苛立たせました。

C2 noun /pɪˈdɒl.ə.dʒi/

pedology

土壌学

Meaning

The study of soils in their natural environment.

Example

Pedology helps scientists understand soil fertility.

ペドロジーは科学者が土壌の肥沃さを理解するのに役立ちます。

C1 adjective /ˈpjuːtrɪd/

putrid

腐った

Meaning

decayed and emitting a foul smell

Example

The garbage smelled putrid after days in the sun.

ゴミは何日も太陽の下で放置された後、腐った臭いを発しました。

C1 noun /saɪˈkoʊsɪs/

psychosis

精神病

Meaning

A severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are impaired, leading to a loss of contact with reality.

Example

The patient was diagnosed with psychosis after experiencing hallucinations.

患者は幻覚を経験した後、精神病と診断されました。

B1 noun ˈpʌb.lɪk ˈspiː.kɪŋ

public speaking

公共の話し方

Meaning

The skill of speaking confidently in front of an audience.

Example

Public speaking skills are essential for leadership roles.

公共の話し方のスキルはリーダーシップの役割に不可欠です。

B2 noun/verb /ˈpriːfɪks/

prefix

接頭辞; 前に何かを追加する

Meaning

a word, letter, or number placed before another; as a verb, to add something in front of something else

Example

Developers often prefix variables with an underscore.

開発者はしばしば変数にアンダースコアをプレフィックスとして追加します。

C2 noun /ˈpoʊ.ə.si/

poesy

詩

Meaning

poetry; the art or composition of poems

Example

The anthology was filled with romantic poesy.

そのアンソロジーはロマンチックな詩で満たされていました。

C2 noun /ˌproʊɪˈbɪʃənɪst/

prohibitionist

禁酒主義者

Meaning

A person who supports or advocates prohibition, especially of alcohol.

Example

The prohibitionist campaigned against the sale of liquor in the town.

禁酒主義者は町での酒の販売に反対するキャンペーンを行った。

C1 noun /prəˈvaɪzoʊ/

proviso

条件

Meaning

a condition or stipulation attached to an agreement

Example

He accepted the job offer with the proviso that he could work remotely twice a week.

彼は、週に2回リモートで働けるという条件で仕事のオファーを受け入れました。

B2 noun /pʌbˈlɪs.ɪ.ti/

Publicity

宣伝

Meaning

public attention or notice given to someone or something; advertising or promotion

Example

The movie received a lot of publicity before its release.

その映画は公開前に多くの宣伝を受けました。

C1 verb /ˌpoʊstˈdeɪt/

postdate

後日の日付を記入する

Meaning

To assign a date later than the actual date to a document or event.

Example

She postdated the check to next month.

彼女は小切手に来月の日付を付けました。

A1 noun /ˈpiːpl/

people

人々

Meaning

a group of human beings collectively

Example

The people in the town gathered for the festival.

町の人々は祭りのために集まりました。

B2 adjective /ˌpeɪ.triˈɑː.tɪk/

Patriotic

愛国的な

Meaning

showing love for one's country

Example

The patriotic citizens celebrated Independence Day with great enthusiasm.

愛国的な市民たちは独立記念日を大きな熱意で祝いました。

B1 noun /preɪz/

Praise

賞賛

Meaning

words that show approval or admiration; to express approval or admiration

Example

The teacher gave praise to the students for their hard work.

教師は学生たちの努力を賞賛しました。

C1 adjective /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊzd/

predisposed

傾向

Meaning

Likely or inclined to be affected by something in advance.

Example

She is predisposed to trust people easily.

彼女は人々を簡単に信頼する傾向があります。

B2 adjective /ˈpæsɪv/

passive

受動的; (文法) 受動態

Meaning

not actively responding or participating; in grammar, denoting the voice in which the subject undergoes the action

Example

Instead of taking charge, he remained passive during the meeting.

会議では責任を取る代わりに、彼は受動的なままでした。

C1 adjective /pɑːrtʃt/

parched

極度に喉が渇いた

Meaning

extremely dry, especially because of heat or thirst

Example

After walking in the desert, he was parched with thirst.

砂漠を歩いた後、彼は極度に喉が渇いていた。

C2 noun /ˈpætrɪˌmoʊni/

patrimony

遺産

Meaning

Property or inheritance passed down from one's father or ancestors.

Example

The castle was part of his patrimony from his noble ancestors.

その城は彼の貴族の先祖から受け継いだ遺産の一部でした。

C2 noun /ˌfaɪ.təʊˈkem.ɪ.kəlz/

phytochemicals

フィトケミカル

Meaning

Natural chemical compounds produced by plants that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition, often having antioxidant properties.

Example

Phytochemicals in green tea help reduce inflammation.

緑茶に含まれるフィトケミカルは炎症を軽減するのに役立ちます。

C1 adjective /ˈprɛdəˌtɔri/

predatory

捕食者/搾取者

Meaning

Relating to animals that prey on others; exploiting or victimizing others for personal gain.

Example

The predatory bird swooped down on its prey.

捕食性の鳥は獲物に向かって急降下した。

B2 noun /pænt/

Pant

パンツ

Meaning

a piece of clothing worn on the lower body covering each leg separately

Example

She bought a new pair of pants for the party.

彼女はパーティーのために新しいパンツを買った。

C1 adjective /ˈplaɪənt/

pliant

柔軟な、影響を受けやすいまたは適応可能な

Meaning

flexible; easily influenced or adaptable

Example

She has a pliant personality that adapts well to new situations.

彼女は新しい状況にうまく適応できる柔軟な性格を持っています。

B2 noun /ˈpesɪˌmɪzəm/

pessimism

ペシミズム

Meaning

A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe the worst will happen.

Example

Her constant pessimism made it hard to stay optimistic.

彼女の絶え間ないペシミズムは、楽観的でいるのを難しくしていた。

B2 noun /pəˈtɪʃən/

petition

請願書

Meaning

a formal written request, typically signed by many people, appealing to authority about a cause

Example

They signed a petition to improve road safety in the area.

彼らはその地域の道路安全を改善するために請願書に署名しました。

B2 noun /ˈpɜr.mə.nəns/

Permanence

永続性

Meaning

the state or quality of lasting or remaining unchanged indefinitely; enduring nature

Example

The permanence of the stone monument impressed all visitors.

石の記念碑の永久性はすべての訪問者に印象を与えました。

C2 adjective /ˈpeɪli/

paly

縞模様

Meaning

striped with different colors, usually used in heraldry

Example

The knight’s shield was decorated with paly stripes of red and gold.

騎士の盾には赤と金の縞模様が飾られていた。

C1 noun /ˈpær.ə.di/

Parody

パロディ

Meaning

an imitation of a particular style for comic effect; a humorous exaggerated copy

Example

The comedy show featured a parody of famous politicians.

そのコメディ番組は有名な政治家のパロディを特集した。

B1 noun pɔːrt

Port

港

Meaning

A town or city with a harbor where ships load or unload.

Example

Ports improve maritime trade.

港は海上貿易を改善します。

B1 noun /prəˈməʊ.ʃən/

Promotion

昇進; プロモーション

Meaning

the act of raising someone to a higher position; advertising to increase sales

Example

She received a promotion to manager after five years of hard work.

彼女は5年間の努力の後、マネージャーに昇進しました。

C2 noun /ˈpɑːr.kə.tri/

parquetry

パーケットフローリングの技術

Meaning

The art or technique of laying parquet floors.

Example

The craftsman specialized in parquetry for luxury homes.

職人は高級住宅のためにパーケット工芸を専門にしていました。

B2 noun /ˈprɑsɪˌkjuːtər/

prosecutor

検察官

Meaning

a lawyer who represents the government in criminal cases

Example

The prosecutor argued that the defendant was guilty of the crime.

検察官は被告が犯罪を犯したと主張した。

A2 noun /ˈplen.ti/

Plenty

豊富; 十分

Meaning

a large or sufficient amount; abundance

Example

There is plenty of food for everyone at the party.

パーティーには皆に十分な食べ物があります。

B1 adjective pəˈlɪtɪkəl

political

政治的な

Meaning

Relating to the government or public affairs of a country; relating to politics or political parties.

Example

The political agenda included autonomy.

政治的な議題には自治が含まれていた。

C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

pertinent

pachyderm

厚い皮膚を持つ大型哺乳動物

Meaning

a large mammal with thick skin, such as an elephant, rhinoceros, or hippopotamus

Example

The zoo had several pachyderms, including elephants and rhinos.

動物園にはいくつかのパキダームがいて、象やサイが含まれていました。

C2 adjective /ˈproʊtiən/

protean

多才多芸の

Meaning

tending or able to change frequently or easily; versatile

Example

She is a protean artist who experiments with many styles.

彼女は多才多芸のアーティストで、さまざまなスタイルを試しています。

C2 noun /ˈpɜːrsɪflɑːʒ/

persiflage

軽い皮肉

Meaning

light and slightly contemptuous mockery or banter

Example

Their conversation was full of persiflage and jokes.

彼らの会話は軽い皮肉とジョークでいっぱいだった。

B2 adjective /ˌpriːməˈtjʊər/

premature

早すぎる

Meaning

Happening or done before the usual or proper time.

Example

His decision to quit the job was premature.

彼の仕事を辞める決断は早すぎた。

B2 noun /plæˈtoʊ/

plateau

高原、平坦な土地、変化の少ない時期

Meaning

an elevated flat area of land or a period of little change

Example

After months of growth, sales reached a plateau.

数ヶ月の成長の後、売上はプラトーに達した。

B2 adjective /prɪˈdɒmɪnənt/

predominant

優勢な

Meaning

Having superior strength, influence, or authority; most common or noticeable.

Example

The predominant color in the painting is blue.

絵画の中で優勢な色は青です。

A2 noun /ˈpleɪər/

player

選手

Meaning

a person who participates in a game or sport

Example

The player scored the winning goal.

選手は決勝ゴールを決めました。

A2 adjective /ˈpriː.vi.əs/

portentous

前兆的な、重大な

Meaning

Giving a sign or warning that something, often bad or serious, is going to happen; or overly solemn and pompous.

Example

His portentous tone made everyone nervous about the news.

彼の前兆的な口調は、ニュースについて皆を不安にさせた。

B2 adjective /prɪˈzentəbl/

Presentable

見栄えが良い; 公の場に適した

Meaning

neat and suitable for being seen in public; acceptable in appearance

Example

Make sure you look presentable for the job interview.

面接のために見た目をきちんと整えてください。

C1 noun /ˈpɒpjʊlɪst/

populist

ポピュリストのリーダー

Meaning

A politician or person who seeks to appeal to ordinary people who feel their concerns are ignored by elites.

Example

The populist leader promised to put the needs of common citizens first.

ポピュリストのリーダーは、一般市民のニーズを最優先すると約束しました。

C2 noun /ˈprɛlət/

prelate

高位の聖職者

Meaning

A high-ranking member of the clergy, especially a bishop or abbot.

Example

The prelate delivered a sermon to the congregation.

プレラートは会衆に説教を行った。

C1 adjective /ˈplæsɪd/

placid

穏やかな、静かな

Meaning

calm and peaceful, not easily disturbed

Example

She had a placid expression despite the chaos around her.

彼女は周囲の混乱にもかかわらず、穏やかな表情をしていた。

C1 adjective prəˈtræk.tɪd

protracted

長引いた, 延長された

Meaning

Lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.

Example

The negotiations were protracted over months.

交渉は数ヶ月続いた。

C2 verb /ˈpɛkjʊˌleɪt/

peculate

横領する

Meaning

To embezzle or steal money, especially public funds.

Example

The corrupt official was found guilty of peculating government funds.

汚職の役人は政府の資金を横領したとして有罪となった。

C2 verb /ˈpɜː.fə.reɪt/

perforate

穴を開ける

Meaning

to make a hole or holes through something

Example

The machine can perforate sheets of paper for easy tearing.

その機械は紙を簡単に引き裂くために穴を開けることができます。

A2 adjective /ˈpʌblɪk/

public

公共の

Meaning

relating to or affecting the people as a whole

Example

The public demanded action on the issue.

公共はこの問題に対する行動を要求しました。

C2 noun /ˈfɪl.ɪ.staɪn/

philistine

文化や芸術に無関心または敵対的な人

Meaning

a person who is indifferent or hostile to culture and the arts

Example

He was criticized as a philistine for dismissing modern art.

彼は現代アートを拒否したことでフィリスティンと批判された。

B2 noun /ˈpeə.rən.tɪŋ/

parenting

育児

Meaning

The care and training a child receives while growing up, involving the development of their mental, physical, and social aspects.

Example

Effective parenting helps children develop confidence and independence.

効果的な育児は、子供たちが自信と独立心を育むのを助けます。

C1 verb /pərˈspaɪər/

perspire

汗をかく

Meaning

To give out sweat through the pores of the skin as a result of heat, physical exertion, or stress.

Example

He began to perspire after running for 10 minutes.

彼は10分間走った後、汗をかき始めました。

C2 noun /ˌpæliˈeɪʃən/

palliation

緩和

Meaning

relief of symptoms without curing the underlying disease or problem

Example

Palliation is often the focus of care for terminally ill patients.

緩和ケアは終末期の患者の治療において重要な焦点となります。