disagreeable
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B2 adjective /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbl/

disagreeable

不快
Meaning
Unpleasant or offensive; causing discomfort or annoyance.
Example
The weather was cold and disagreeable.
天気は寒くて不快だった。
B1 adjective /ɪnˈtɜːrnəl/

internal

内部
Meaning
situated inside; relating to the inside or inner part of something
Example
The company is conducting an internal audit this month.
その会社は今月内部監査を行っています。
C1 adjective /ˈfrɔːdjʊlənt/

fraudulent

詐欺的な
Meaning
Involving or using deceit, especially criminal deception.
Example
He was arrested for making fraudulent insurance claims.
彼は詐欺的な保険金請求を行ったため逮捕されました。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkænˈdɛsənt/

incandescent

白熱
Meaning
emitting light as a result of being heated; extremely bright or passionate
Example
The incandescent lamp lit up the entire hall.
白熱灯はホール全体を照らしました。
C1 adjective /priːˈɛmɪnənt/

preeminent

卓越した
Meaning
Surpassing all others; very distinguished in some way.
Example
She is a preeminent scientist in the field of genetics.
彼女は遺伝学の分野で卓越した科学者です。
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈfrændʒɪbəl/

irrefrangible

侵害できない
Meaning
Not to be broken, violated, or infringed
Example
The constitution guarantees certain irrefrangible rights to every citizen.
憲法はすべての市民にいくつかの侵害できない権利を保証します。
C1 verb /rɪˈpʌls/

repulse

撃退する / 嫌悪感を引き起こす
Meaning
to drive back an attack or attacker by force; to cause intense dislike or disgust
Example
The army managed to repulse the enemy attack.
軍隊は敵の攻撃を撃退することに成功した。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈseɪʃəbl̩/

insatiable

満たされない
Meaning
impossible to satisfy; always wanting more
Example
Her insatiable curiosity drove her to read every book in the library.
彼女の満たされない好奇心は、図書館のすべての本を読むように彼女を駆り立てた。
B2 adjective /ɔːˈθen.tɪk/

Authentic

本物の; 真実の; 偽物ではない
Meaning
genuine; real; not fake or copied
Example
The museum displays only authentic artifacts from ancient civilizations.
博物館は古代文明からの本物の遺物のみを展示しています。
A1 verb /sɪŋ/

sing

歌う
Meaning
to make musical sounds with the voice
Example
She sings beautifully in the choir.
彼女は合唱団で美しく歌う
C1 verb /ˈpæs.ɪ.faɪ/

pacify

鎮める
Meaning
To quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of someone.
Example
The mother tried to pacify her crying child.
母親は泣いている子を落ち着かせようとした。
B2 verb /əˈsaɪn/

assign

割り当てる
Meaning
to give someone a task, duty, or responsibility
Example
The manager will assign tasks to the new employees.
マネージャーは新しい従業員に仕事を割り当てる予定です。
B1 noun rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪlɪti

responsibility

責任
Meaning
The state or fact of having a duty to deal with something or of having control over someone.
Example
Taking responsibility for one's actions is a sign of maturity.
自分の行動に責任を持つことは、成熟の証です。
C2 adjective /ˈbɪbjələs/

bibulous

酒好き
Meaning
Excessively fond of drinking alcohol.
Example
His bibulous habits worried his family.
彼の酒好きな習慣は家族を心配させた。
B2 adjective /ˈbruː.təl/

brutal

残酷
Meaning
extremely cruel or harsh; violent and without feeling
Example
The dictator’s rule was marked by brutal violence.
独裁者の統治は残酷な暴力によって特徴付けられていた。
B2 adverb /ɪkˈstɜrnəli/

externally

外見上
Meaning
in a way that relates to the outer surface or outside appearance
Example
The building appeared externally modern, but inside it was quite old-fashioned.
建物は外見上は現代的に見えたが、中はかなり古風だった。
B2 noun /heɪl/

Hail

ひょう
Meaning
pellets of frozen rain that fall in showers from cumulonimbus clouds; a greeting or acclaim
Example
The sudden hailstorm damaged many cars in the parking lot with large ice pellets.
突然のひょうの嵐が大きな氷の玉で駐車場の車を多く破壊しました。
C2 noun /ˈænʒənuː/

ingenue

無邪気な若い女性
Meaning
an innocent, naïve young woman, especially as represented in literature or theater
Example
She played the role of the ingénue in the play with great charm.
彼女は劇で無邪気な若い女性の役を演じ、大きな魅力を発揮しました。
B2 noun /ˈruːstər/

rooster

雄鶏
Meaning
A male domestic chicken, especially one that crows.
Example
The rooster crowed at dawn, waking up the whole village.
雄鶏は夜明けに鳴き、村全体を起こした。
B1 noun/adjective /ˌæfrɪkən əˈmɛrɪkən/

african-american

アフリカ系アメリカ人
Meaning
A person of African descent living in or originating from the United States; relating to such people.
Example
She is proud of her African-American heritage.
彼女は自分のアフリカ系アメリカ人としての誇りを持っています。
B1 noun /ˈvɪk.tɪm/

Victim

犠牲者
Meaning
a person who suffers harm, injury, or death as a result of an event or action
Example
The victim was taken to the hospital immediately.
犠牲者はすぐに病院に運ばれました。
B2 noun /ˈspɛʃəlti/

specialty

専門
Meaning
a particular area of study, work, or interest; something in which a person or place excels
Example
Her specialty is pediatric medicine.
彼女の専門は小児科医学です。
C2 adjective /ˈhɔːrtətɔːri/

hortatory

Meaning
Intended to encourage or urge to action.
Example
The manager’s hortatory words inspired the team to work harder.
C2 noun /maɪˈæzmə/

miasma

悪臭の空気
Meaning
An unpleasant or unhealthy smell or atmosphere.
Example
A miasma of decay hung over the abandoned house.
腐敗の気配が廃墟の上に漂っていた。
C1 verb/noun /skaʊl/

scowl

しかめっ面をする
Meaning
To frown in an angry or bad-tempered way.
Example
She scowled when she heard the unfair remark.
彼女は不公平なコメントを聞いてしかめっ面をした。
A1 noun /tɜːrn/

Turn

回転; 方向転換; 機会;
Meaning
an act of moving something in a circular direction; a change of direction; an opportunity to do something
Example
It's your turn to speak at the meeting.
会議で話す番です。
C1 noun /ˌdɪsərˈteɪʃən/

dissertation

論文
Meaning
A long piece of writing on a particular subject, usually written for a university degree.
Example
She spent two years writing her doctoral dissertation.
彼女は博士論文を書くのに2年を費やしました。
C2 noun /ɪnˈvɛktɪv/

invective

侮辱的な言葉
Meaning
Insulting, abusive, or highly critical language.
Example
The politician’s speech was filled with invective against his opponents.
その政治家の演説は、対立候補に対する侮辱的な言葉で満ちていた。
C1 verb /ˈdɪsləkeɪt/

dislocate

脱臼する
Meaning
To disturb the normal position of something, especially a joint in the body.
Example
He dislocated his shoulder while playing football.
彼はサッカーをしているときに肩を脱臼しました。
A1 noun /ˈflaʊər/

flower

花
Meaning
the seed-bearing part of a plant, often colorful and fragrant, that blossoms
Example
The garden was full of colorful flowers.
庭はカラフルな花でいっぱいでした。
B2 verb /ɪnˈdjuːs/

induce

誘発する
Meaning
to cause or persuade someone to do something; to bring about a result
Example
The doctor induced sleep with a mild sedative.
医師は軽い鎮静剤で睡眠を引き起こしました。
B2 noun /ˈpɒm.ɪˌɡræn.ɪt/

Pomegranate

Meaning
a round fruit with thick red skin containing many small red seeds with juice
Example
The pomegranate seeds were sweet and refreshing.
C1 noun /ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnər/

misdemeanor

軽犯罪
Meaning
A minor wrongdoing or criminal offense that is less serious than a felony.
Example
He was fined for a misdemeanor involving public disturbance.
公共の秩序に関わる軽犯罪で罰金を科された。
C2 adjective /ˌprɒfɪˈlæktɪk/

prophylactic

予防的
Meaning
intended to prevent disease or an unwanted outcome; protective
Example
The doctor prescribed a prophylactic treatment to prevent infection.
医師は感染を防ぐために予防的な治療を処方しました。
B2 noun /ræɡ/

Rag

古い布; 掃除に使われる擦り切れた衣類
Meaning
a piece of old cloth used for cleaning; worn-out clothing
Example
She used an old rag to clean the dusty table.
彼女は古い布を使って、ほこりだらけのテーブルを掃除しました。
C2 noun /ˈtruːɪzəm/

truism

自明の理
Meaning
a statement that is obviously true and says nothing new or interesting
Example
It is a truism that hard work leads to success.
努力は成功に繋がるという自明の理です。
A2 noun ˈsen.tərz

centers

センター
Meaning
The middle point of a circle or sphere, equidistant from every point on the circumference or surface; a place or group of buildings where a specified activity is concentrated.
Example
Centers drive regional development.
センターは地域の発展を促進します。
C1 noun /hjuː/

hue

色合い
Meaning
A color or shade.
Example
The artist chose a soft blue hue for the background.
アーティストは背景のために柔らかい青い色合いを選びました。
B1 noun /ˈvaɪ.ə.ləns/

Violence

暴力; 残忍さ; 極端な強度
Meaning
behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill; extreme force or intensity
Example
The government condemned all forms of violence against civilians.
政府は市民に対するあらゆる暴力の形態を非難しました。
A2 noun/verb /ˈbætəl/

battle

戦い
Meaning
A fight between armed forces or a struggle to achieve or resist something.
Example
The soldiers prepared for the final battle.
兵士たちは最終決戦の準備をしました。
C1 noun /ˈɡɑːr.lənd/

Garland

花冠; ガーランド;
Meaning
a wreath of flowers and leaves, worn on the head or hung as decoration
Example
The bride wore a beautiful floral garland during the traditional ceremony.
花嫁は伝統的な式典で美しい花の冠を身に着けていました。
C2 verb /fɔːrˈboʊd/

forebode

予兆する
Meaning
To predict or have a strong inner feeling of a future misfortune or evil.
Example
Dark clouds forebode a coming storm.
暗い雲が来る嵐を予兆している。
C1 noun /ˈpruːdəns/

prudence

慎重
Meaning
The quality of being cautious, wise, and exercising good judgment.
Example
She invested her money with great prudence.
彼女は非常に慎重にお金を投資した。
C2 noun /ˌɪmpjuˈteɪʃən/

imputation

非難
Meaning
an accusation or attribution of blame
Example
The politician denied the imputation of corruption.
政治家は腐敗の非難を否定した。
C2 noun /ˈpɑːr.kə.tri/

parquetry

パーケットフローリングの技術
Meaning
The art or technique of laying parquet floors.
Example
The craftsman specialized in parquetry for luxury homes.
職人は高級住宅のためにパーケット工芸を専門にしていました。
C2 adjective /ˈbræsi/

brassy

派手な
Meaning
loud and showy in a way that lacks good taste; resembling brass in color or sound
Example
She wore a brassy necklace that caught everyone’s attention.
彼女は目立つネックレスをしていて、みんなの注目を集めていた。
B1 adverb; adjective /ˈkaɪndli/

kindly

親切に
Meaning
in a kind or gentle manner; showing kindness or goodwill
Example
She kindly helped the old man cross the street.
彼女は親切に老人が道を渡るのを手伝った。
A2 noun /sneɪk/

Snake

ヘビ
Meaning
a long, legless reptile that moves by sliding along the ground
Example
The snake slithered through the grass quietly.
ヘビは草を静かに這っていきました。
B2 adjective ˌɪnstrəˈmɛntl

instrumental

重要な
Meaning
Serving as a crucial means, agent, or tool; having a part in bringing about a result.
Example
Children can be instrumental in building a better society.
子供たちは、より良い社会を作るために重要な役割を果たすことができます。
B1 noun /bɑːn/

barn

納屋
Meaning
a large building used for storing grain or housing farm animals
Example
The farmer keeps his cows in the barn.
農夫は牛を納屋に入れています。
C2 noun /ˈdeɪ.mæn/

day-man

日雇い労働者
Meaning
a worker employed by the day; a day laborer
Example
The farmer hired a day-man to help with the harvest.
農家は収穫を手伝うために日雇い労働者を雇いました。
B2 verb /ˈhezɪteɪt/

hesitate

ためらう
Meaning
to pause before acting; to be uncertain about what to do
Example
Don't hesitate to ask for help.
助けを求めることを躊躇しないでください。
C1 adjective পারসিভেবল

perceivable

知覚可能
Meaning
Able to be seen, noticed, or detected.
Example
The changes in winter weather are perceivable in rural areas.
冬の天気の変化は農村地域で知覚可能です。
C1 noun /æmˈniːʒə/

amnesia

健忘症
Meaning
A partial or total loss of memory, usually caused by injury, illness, or psychological trauma.
Example
After the accident, she suffered from amnesia and could not remember her own name.
事故後、彼女はアムネジアに苦しみ、自分の名前を思い出せなかった。
C1 noun /ˈmɒd.ə.sti/

Modesty

謙虚さ; 謙遜
Meaning
the quality of being humble and not boastful about achievements
Example
Despite his success, he showed great modesty.
成功にもかかわらず、彼は偉大な謙虚さを示しました。
C1 adjective /ˈseɪlaɪn/

Saline

塩水の; 塩分のある
Meaning
containing salt; salty; relating to salt water
Example
The saline solution is used for medical treatments.
塩水溶液は医療処置に使用されます。
B2 adjective /prɪˈzentəbl/

Presentable

見栄えが良い; 公の場に適した
Meaning
neat and suitable for being seen in public; acceptable in appearance
Example
Make sure you look presentable for the job interview.
面接のために見た目をきちんと整えてください。
C2 adjective /rɪˈfjuː.tə.bəl/

Refutable

反証可能
Meaning
capable of being proven wrong or false; able to be disproved
Example
His theory was refutable because it could be tested experimentally.
彼の理論は実験的にテストできるので反証可能でした。
C2 noun /ˈfræŋkɪnsɛns/

frankincense

お香
Meaning
An aromatic gum resin used in incense and perfumes, often in religious ceremonies.
Example
The temple was filled with the sweet smell of burning frankincense.
寺院は燃えるお香の甘い香りで満ちていました。
B2 adjective /ˌsaɪkiˈætrɪk/

psychiatric

Meaning
relating to mental illness or its treatment
Example
The psychiatric hospital provides care for those with severe conditions.
C2 adjective /ˌænθrəpəˈmɔːrfəs/

anthropomorphous

人間的な
Meaning
having the form or attributes of a human
Example
The statue had an anthropomorphous shape resembling a human.
その像は人間のような形をしていた。
B2 adverb /prɪˈzjuːməbli/

presumably

おそらく
Meaning
used to convey that something is assumed to be true though not known for certain
Example
Presumably, he forgot to send the email.
おそらく、彼はメールを送るのを忘れた。
C2 adjective /prɪˈpɒndərənt/

preponderant

優勢な
Meaning
Having superior weight, force, influence, or importance.
Example
The preponderant influence of the media shapes public opinion.
メディアの優勢な影響は、公共の意見を形成します。
B2 noun /ˈsɪɡ.nəlz/

signals

信号
Meaning
A gesture, action, or sound conveying information or instructions.
Example
Signals from deep space were detected last week.
深宇宙からの信号は先週検出されました。
C2 noun /ˈtælən/

talon

爪
Meaning
A claw, especially one belonging to a bird of prey.
Example
The eagle gripped the fish with its sharp talons.
ワシはその魚を鋭い爪で捕まえた。
C2 noun /ˈkwɪkˌsɪlvər/

quicksilver

水銀
Meaning
Mercury; a liquid metal, or something that is quick and unpredictable.
Example
His mood was as changeable as quicksilver.
彼の気分は水銀のように変わりやすかった。
B2 adjective ˌɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən.əl

operational

運用可能
Meaning
In working order; ready for use.
Example
The space project will be operational by 2025.
宇宙計画は2025年までに運用可能になります。
C1 adjective /ˈærəbəl/

arable

耕作可能
Meaning
suitable for growing crops or farming
Example
The farmer purchased arable land to expand his crops.
農家は作物を拡大するために耕作可能な土地を購入しました。
A2 noun /ɪkˈskjuːs/

Excuse

言い訳
Meaning
a reason or explanation put forward to defend or justify a fault or offense
Example
Being tired is not a valid excuse for not completing your homework.
疲れていることは宿題を終わらせなかった理由にはならない。
C1 verb /ˈkɒnskrɪpt/

conscript

徴兵する
Meaning
to force someone into military service
Example
The government conscripted young men during the war.
政府は戦争中に若い男性を徴兵しました。
C1 adjective /ˌruː.dɪˈmen.tər.i/

Rudimentary

基本的な; 初歩的な; 未発達な; 発展の初期段階にある
Meaning
basic; elementary; undeveloped; in the earliest stage of development
Example
She has only rudimentary knowledge of French.
彼女はフランス語についての初歩的な知識しか持っていません。
C1 noun, verb /məˈnuː.vər/

maneuver

Meaning
a planned or skillful movement or action; to move skillfully or carefully
Example
The pilot maneuvered the plane through the storm.
A2 noun /ˈtiːneɪdʒər/

teenager

ティーンエイジャー
Meaning
a person aged between 13 and 19 years.
Example
Teenagers often enjoy hanging out with friends.
ティーンエイジャーは友達と一緒に過ごすのが好きです。
B2 noun /ˈtruːθ.fəl.nəs/

Truthfulness

正直
Meaning
the quality of being truthful; honesty and accuracy in what one says or does
Example
Her truthfulness in the investigation helped solve the case quickly.
調査における彼女の正直さが、事件を迅速に解決するのに役立ちました。
A2 noun /ˈfæktəri/

factory

工場
Meaning
A building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured.
Example
He works in a shoe factory.
彼は靴工場で働いています。
B2 adjective /dɪˈzaɪərəbl/

desirable

望ましい
Meaning
worth having or wanting; attractive
Example
The location of the house was highly desirable, with great views.
その家の場所は非常に望ましく、素晴らしい景色がありました。
B2 verb /plʌk/

pluck

摘む, 勇気を出す
Meaning
to take hold of and quickly remove; to gather courage or determination
Example
She plucked a flower from the garden.
彼女は庭から花を摘みました。
C2 noun /ˈflɛdʒlɪŋ/

fledgeling

若鳥
Meaning
A young bird that has just developed its feathers and is learning to fly; a beginner.
Example
The fledgeling was trying hard to take its first flight.
若鳥は最初の飛行をしようとしていました。
C2 noun /ˈmaʊntɪˌbæŋk/

mountebank

ペテン師
Meaning
A charlatan or trickster who deceives others, often for personal gain.
Example
The crowd was fooled by the mountebank’s false promises.
群衆はそのペテン師の虚偽の約束に騙されました。
B2 noun prəˈɡreʃ.ən

progression

進展
Meaning
The process of developing or moving gradually towards a more advanced state.
Example
Progression in technology drives innovation.
技術の進展はイノベーションを促進する。
C1 adjective /ˈɔːrθədɑːks/

orthodox

Meaning
conforming to traditional beliefs or practices
Example
He comes from a very orthodox family.
C2 verb /kəˈlʌmnieɪt/

calumniate

中傷する
Meaning
To make false and damaging statements about someone; to slander.
Example
He was furious when he realized they had calumniated his reputation.
彼は、彼らが彼の評判を中傷したことに気づいたとき、怒っていました。
A2 verb əˈdres

address

取り組む
Meaning
To deal with or tackle (a problem or issue); to focus attention on.
Example
The government must address the issues of student politics.
政府は学生政治の問題に取り組むべきです。
C2 noun ˈfaɪ.təʊˌnjuː.tri.ənts

phytonutrients

ファイトニュートリエント
Meaning
Bioactive compounds found in plants that have health benefits beyond basic nutrition.
Example
Green tea contains powerful phytonutrients.
緑茶には強力なファイトニュートリエントが含まれています。
C1 noun /ˌdɒmɪˈneɪʃən/

domination

支配
Meaning
the exercise of control or influence over someone or something
Example
The empire sought domination over its neighbors.
帝国は隣国に対する支配を求めていた。
C1 noun ˈdaɪ.nə.sti

dynasty

王朝
Meaning
A line of hereditary rulers of a country; a succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in business, politics, or another field.
Example
The Ming dynasty ruled China for centuries.
明王朝は何世紀にもわたって中国を支配していました。
C1 verb /əˈfɪʃieɪt/

officiate

執り行う
Meaning
To perform official duties, especially in a ceremony or as a referee.
Example
The priest will officiate the wedding ceremony.
司祭が結婚式を司る。
A2 noun /klaʊd/

Cloud

雲
Meaning
a visible mass of condensed water vapour floating in the atmosphere above the ground
Example
Dark clouds gathered before the storm.
嵐の前に暗い雲が集まりました。
C2 noun /ˈtjuːtərʃɪp/

tutorship

指導
Meaning
The office or position of a tutor; guidance or instruction given by a tutor.
Example
He thrived under the tutorship of his mentor.
彼はメンターの指導のもとで成功した。
B2 verb /ˈsɜːrkjəˌleɪt/

circulate

循環する, 動く
Meaning
to move continuously or freely through a closed system or area
Example
Air circulated freely in the open hall.
空気は開かれたホールで自由に循環していました。
C1 adjective /ˈdɑːsəl/ or /ˈdəʊsaɪl/

docile

従順な
Meaning
easily managed, taught, or controlled; submissive
Example
The docile puppy quickly learned new tricks.
従順な子犬はすぐに新しい技を覚えました。
C1 verb /ɪˈlæps/

elapse

経過する
Meaning
to pass or go by, usually referring to time
Example
Several hours elapsed before he finally returned home.
数時間が経過し、彼はようやく家に帰った。
B1 noun /bend/

Bend

カーブ; 曲がり角
Meaning
a curved or angled part of something; a turning point in a road or river
Example
There is a sharp bend in the river ahead.
川の先に鋭いカーブがあります。
B1 noun /ʌnˈhæp.i.nəs/

unhappiness

不幸
Meaning
the state of being unhappy; sadness or dissatisfaction
Example
Her constant unhappiness affected everyone around her.
彼女の絶え間ない不幸は周囲の人々に影響を与えた。
B1 noun /ˈsaɪdˌwɔːk/

sidewalk

歩道
Meaning
a paved path for pedestrians at the side of a street.
Example
Children were playing on the sidewalk.
子供たちは歩道で遊んでいました。
C1 verb /rɪˈtrækt/

retract

Meaning
to withdraw a statement, promise, or part of the body; to pull back
Example
The company retracted its earlier statement after realizing the error.
B2 noun /ˈɔɪ.stər/

Oyster

オイスター
Meaning
a type of shellfish that can be eaten and sometimes contains pearls
Example
She ordered fresh oysters at the seafood restaurant.
彼女はシーフードレストランで新鮮なオイスターを注文しました。
B2 adjective ˈaɪsəˌleɪtɪd

isolated

孤立した
Meaning
Alone or separated from others; having little or no contact with other people.
Example
Technological advancements often leave people isolated.
技術の進歩はしばしば人々を孤立させる。
B2 noun /feɪt/

Fate

運命
Meaning
the development of events beyond a person's control, regarded as determined by a supernatural power
Example
Many people believe that fate determines the course of their lives.
多くの人々は運命が彼らの人生の進行方向を決定すると信じています。
B2 noun/adjective /ˈkæpɪtəlɪst/

capitalist

Meaning
a person who supports or believes in capitalism; a wealthy business owner
Example
The capitalist believes in the freedom of the market.
C2 verb /dɪˈfreɪ/

defray

費用を負担する
Meaning
to provide money to pay the costs of something
Example
The grant will help defray the cost of education.
その助成金は教育費用の負担を助けます。
C1 adjective /ɡlaɪˈsiː.mɪk/

glycemic

グルコースに関連
Meaning
Relating to the presence of glucose in the blood and how foods affect blood sugar levels.
Example
High-glycemic foods cause a rapid increase in blood sugar.
高グリセミック食品は血糖値を急激に上昇させます。
A2 adjective /ˈaʊtdɔːr/

outdoor

アウトドア
Meaning
situated, existing, or done outside a building
Example
We planned an outdoor picnic for the weekend.
週末のためにアウトドアピクニックを計画しました。
C2 verb /ˈkælvɪnaɪz/

calvinize

カルヴァン主義の原則を取り入れる
Meaning
to imbue with the principles or doctrines of Calvinism
Example
The preacher sought to calvinize the community with strict teachings.
伝道師は厳格な教義でコミュニティをカルヴァン主義化しようとした。
C2 verb /hjuː/

hew

切る
Meaning
To chop or cut something, especially wood or stone, with a tool.
Example
The workers hewed logs to build the cabin.
労働者たちは小屋を建てるために丸太を切った。
C2 noun /ˈkrɪptəɡræm/

cryptogram

暗号文
Meaning
a text written in code or cipher
Example
The detective solved the cryptogram hidden in the letter.
探偵は手紙に隠された暗号文を解読しました。
B2 adjective /dɪˈpɛndəbl/

dependable

信頼できる
Meaning
able to be trusted or relied on; consistently reliable
Example
She is a dependable colleague who always meets deadlines.
彼女はいつも締め切りを守る信頼できる同僚です。
C1 verb /stoʊk/

stoke

Meaning
To add fuel to a fire; to encourage or increase a strong feeling or activity.
Example
The politician’s speech stoked anger among the crowd.
C1 adjective /ˈplaɪəbəl/

pliable

柔軟な
Meaning
easily bent or flexible; adaptable
Example
The metal is pliable enough to be shaped into jewelry.
その金属は十分に柔軟で、ジュエリーに成形することができます。
B2 adverb /ˈsoʊʃəli/

socially

社会的に
Meaning
in a way that relates to society or social interaction
Example
He is very active socially and attends many events.
彼は社会的に非常に活発で、多くのイベントに参加しています。
C1 adjective /əbˈstrʌk.tɪv/

Obstructive

妨害的な
Meaning
deliberately creating difficulties or preventing progress; hindering or blocking something
Example
The obstructive policies hindered economic growth.
妨害的な政策は経済成長を阻害した。
A1 adjective /njuː/

new

新しい
Meaning
recently made, discovered, or introduced; not existing before
Example
He bought a new car yesterday.
彼は昨日新しい車を買いました。
C1 verb /ˈæɡənaɪz/

agonize

苦しむ
Meaning
To suffer extreme physical or mental pain; to spend time worrying.
Example
She agonized for days over whether she had made the right decision.
彼女は自分が正しい決断を下したかどうかを何日も悩んでいました。
B2 noun /ˈtʌtʃ.daʊn/

touchdown

タッチダウン
Meaning
the moment when an aircraft lands, or a score in American football
Example
The plane made a smooth touchdown.
飛行機は滑らかにタッチダウンしました。
C1 noun /ˈsɒnɪt/

sonnet

ソネット
Meaning
A poem of 14 lines using formal rhyme schemes, often about love.
Example
Shakespeare wrote many famous sonnets about love and beauty.
シェイクスピアは愛と美について多くの有名なソネットを書きました。
B2 noun /ˈder.ɪŋ/

Daring

大胆; 危険を冒す意欲
Meaning
adventurous courage; willingness to take risks
Example
The mountain climber's daring impressed everyone at the base camp.
山登りの冒険心は、ベースキャンプの皆に感動を与えました。
C2 verb /ɪˈfjuːz/

effuse

表現する
Meaning
To pour out or express feelings freely and openly.
Example
She effused gratitude for the help she received.
彼女は受け取った助けに感謝の気持ちを表しました。
B2 adjective /dɪˈraɪvd/

derived

派生した
Meaning
Developed or obtained from something else; not original.
Example
The word is derived from Latin.
その単語はラテン語から派生しています。
C1 noun /ˈtɜːrbjələns/

turbulence

Meaning
Violent or unsteady movement of air, water, or some other fluid; disorder or conflict.
Example
The plane experienced severe turbulence during the flight.
C2 adjective /ˈbeɪlfəl/

baleful

威圧的な
Meaning
Threatening harm; menacing or expressing hatred.
Example
She gave him a baleful look after the insult.
侮辱の後、彼女は彼に威圧的な目を向けた。
C2 noun /pəˈruːzl/

perusal

慎重な読書
Meaning
The action of reading or examining something carefully.
Example
The contract was given to the lawyer for perusal.
契約書は弁護士に慎重な読書のために渡されました。