C1 noun /ˈdeɪ.ə.ti/

deity

神

Meaning

a god or goddess

Example

The temple is dedicated to a Hindu deity.

その寺院はヒンドゥー教の神に捧げられています。

C2 noun /ˈdɛsɪkənt/

desiccant

乾燥剤

Meaning

a substance that absorbs moisture and keeps things dry

Example

Silica gel packets are commonly used as a desiccant in packaging.

シリカゲルのパケットは、パッケージングで乾燥剤として一般的に使用されます。

C2 adjective /dɪˈsɛnʃəs/

dissentious

対立を引き起こす

Meaning

Causing or likely to cause disagreement and conflict.

Example

His dissentious remarks divided the group further.

彼の対立的な発言は、グループをさらに分裂させた。

B2 noun dɪˈveləpɪŋ ˈriːdʒənz

developing regions

発展途上地域

Meaning

Areas or countries that are in the process of economic growth and development

Example

Pollution affects developing regions the most.

汚染は発展途上地域に最も影響を与えます。

C2 adjective /ˌdɪspjuːˈteɪʃəs/

disputatious

議論好きな

Meaning

fond of or given to argument and debate

Example

His disputatious nature often led to heated conversations.

彼の議論好きな性格は、しばしば熱い議論を引き起こす。

C1 adjective /dɪˈreɪndʒd/

deranged

狂気

Meaning

mentally disturbed or insane; behaving irrationally

Example

The deranged man shouted nonsense in the street.

狂った男が街で無意味なことを叫んでいた。

B2 noun /ˈdɪpləmæt/

diplomat

外交官

Meaning

An official representing a country abroad; a person skilled in dealing with people tactfully.

Example

The diplomat negotiated a peace agreement.

外交官は平和協定の交渉を行いました。

B2 verb /dɪˈskrɪmɪˌneɪt/

discriminate

Meaning

To treat someone unfairly based on race, gender, or other differences; or to recognize a distinction.

Example

The law prohibits employers from discriminating against women.

C1 adjective /ˈdesələt/

Desolate

荒涼; 孤独; 不毛

Meaning

deserted; lonely; barren

Example

The abandoned village looked desolate and empty.

放棄された村は荒涼として空っぽに見えた。

C1 noun /ˈdræm.ə.tɪst/

dramatist

劇作家

Meaning

a person who writes plays

Example

Shakespeare is one of the greatest dramatists in history.

シェイクスピアは歴史上最も偉大な劇作家の一人です。

C2 verb /dɪˈskraɪ/

descry

遠くで見る

Meaning

to catch sight of something, especially something distant or obscure

Example

From the hilltop, they descried a small village in the distance.

丘の頂上から、彼らは遠くの小さな村を見た。

C1 noun /dɪˈpɑːzətɔːri/

depository

預け場所, 保管所

Meaning

a place where things are stored or deposited, especially financial assets

Example

The national depository safeguards all government bonds.

国家のデポジトリはすべての政府債券を保護しています。

C2 noun /ˌdiːlɛkˈteɪʃən/

delectation

喜び

Meaning

great pleasure or delight

Example

She read the story aloud for the delectation of her friends.

彼女は友達の喜びのために物語を大声で読みました。

A1 noun /dæd/

dad

お父さん

Meaning

an informal term for father

Example

My dad taught me how to ride a bike.

私のお父さんは自転車の乗り方を教えてくれました。

C2 noun /ˈdrɪvəl/

drivel

戯言

Meaning

silly or nonsensical talk

Example

The politician’s speech was full of meaningless drivel.

政治家の演説は意味のない戯言でいっぱいだった。

C1 noun ˌdjʊə.rəˈbɪl.ə.ti

durability

耐久性

Meaning

The ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; hard-wearing.

Example

The durability of materials affects performance.

素材の耐久性はパフォーマンスに影響を与えます。

B1 noun /ˈdaɪ.mənd/

Diamond

ダイヤモンド

Meaning

a precious stone that is extremely hard and brilliant when cut

Example

She wore a diamond ring on her finger.

彼女は指にはダイヤモンドの指輪を着けていた。

C2 noun /djuːˈplɪsɪti/

duplicity

二重性

Meaning

Deceitfulness or double-dealing; dishonesty.

Example

Her duplicity was revealed during the investigation.

調査中に彼女の二重性が明らかになった。

C1 verb /dɪˈmɔrəˌlaɪz/

demoralize

Meaning

to cause someone to lose confidence or hope

Example

The constant criticism demoralized the young athlete.

C2 verb /ˌdɛlɪˈkwɛs/

deliquesce

空気中の水分を吸収して液体になる

Meaning

to become liquid by absorbing moisture from the air

Example

The salt began to deliquesce after being left in the humid room.

塩は湿度の高い部屋に置かれた後、液体に変わり始めました。

C2 verb /drɔːl/

drawl

だらだらと話す

Meaning

to speak in a slow, lazy way with prolonged vowel sounds

Example

He tends to drawl when he is tired.

彼は疲れているときに、だらだらと話す傾向があります。

C2 noun /ˈdɛftnəs/

deftness

巧妙さ

Meaning

Skillfulness and quickness in action or thought.

Example

Her deftness with words impressed the audience.

彼女の言葉の巧妙さは観客を感動させた。

C2 noun /ˈdʌlərd/

dullard

愚か者

Meaning

a slow or stupid person

Example

He was considered a dullard by his classmates.

彼はクラスメートによって愚か者だと考えられていた。

C2 noun /ˌdaɪ.jʊˈret.ɪk/

diuretic

利尿剤

Meaning

A substance that promotes the production of urine.

Example

Coffee has a mild diuretic effect.

コーヒーは軽い利尿作用があります。

C2 adjective /dɪˈstreɪ/

distrait

ぼんやりした

Meaning

deeply distracted or absent-minded, often due to worry or grief

Example

He looked distrait after hearing the sad news.

悲しい知らせを聞いた後、彼はぼんやりしているように見えた。

C2 adjective /djuːˈplɪsɪtəs/

duplicitous

裏表のある

Meaning

Deceitful; deliberately deceptive or dishonest.

Example

The politician was criticized for his duplicitous statements.

その政治家は裏表のある発言で批判された。

A2 adverb /ˈdɪfərəntli/

differently

異なった方法で

Meaning

in a way that is not the same as another or as expected

Example

She approached the problem differently than her colleagues.

彼女は同僚たちと違った方法で問題に取り組みました。

B2 verb dɪˈspætʃt

dispatched

派遣された

Meaning

To send off to a destination or for a purpose.

Example

A team was dispatched quickly.

チームは迅速に派遣されました。

C2 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈlɛktɪkəl/

dialectical

弁証法的

Meaning

Relating to the logical discussion of ideas and opinions.

Example

She took a dialectical approach to solve the complex issue.

彼女は複雑な問題を解決するために弁証法的なアプローチを取りました。

C2 verb /dʌn/

dun

借金を取り立てる

Meaning

to demand payment of a debt persistently

Example

The landlord dunned the tenant for unpaid rent.

家主は未払いの家賃のためにテナントに何度も支払いを求めました。

C1 verb /diːˈhaɪdreɪt/

dehydrate

Meaning

to remove water from something; to lose water or body fluids

Example

Running in the heat can quickly dehydrate you.

C2 adjective /ˈdɔːnt.ləs/

dauntless

無敵の、勇敢な、決然とした

Meaning

Showing fearlessness and determination; brave and resolute.

Example

The dauntless soldier fought against all odds.

無敵の兵士はすべての困難に立ち向かった。

B2 adjective /ˈdjʊərəbəl/

Durable

耐久性がある; 強い; 頑丈な

Meaning

able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; lasting; strong

Example

This durable fabric will last for many years.

この耐久性のある生地は何年も持ちます。

C1 verb /ˌdɪsɪmˈbɑːrk/

disembark

降りる

Meaning

To leave a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle.

Example

The passengers disembarked from the plane after landing.

乗客は着陸後、飛行機から降りました。

B1 noun /ˈdeə.ri/

Dairy

牛乳が生産される建物や農場; 牛乳から作られた製品; 牛乳と乳製品を販売する店

Meaning

a building or farm where milk is produced; products made from milk; a shop selling milk and milk products

Example

The local dairy provides fresh milk and cheese to the entire neighborhood.

地元のデイリーは、新鮮な牛乳とチーズを地域全体に提供しています。

C1 noun /ˈdjuːplɛks/

duplex

デュプレックスハウス

Meaning

A house or apartment divided into two separate residences.

Example

They live in a duplex near the city center.

彼らは市の中心近くのデュプレックスに住んでいます。

B2 adjective /ˈdɛlɪkət/

delicate

壊れやすい

Meaning

Easily broken or damaged; requiring careful handling.

Example

The vase is very delicate, so handle it with care.

この花瓶はとても壊れやすいので、注意して扱ってください。

B2 adjective /dɪˈzæs.trəs/

Disastrous

壊滅的な

Meaning

extremely bad or unsuccessful; causing great damage

Example

The hurricane had disastrous effects on the city.

ハリケーンは街に壊滅的な影響を与えました。

C1 adjective /drəˈkoʊniən/

draconian

ドラコニアン

Meaning

Extremely harsh and severe, especially laws or rules.

Example

The new regulations were criticized as draconian.

新しい規制はドラコニアンだと批判されました。

B2 verb /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/

dominate

支配する

Meaning

to have power or control over something or someone

Example

The company dominates the smartphone market.

その会社はスマートフォン市場を支配しています。

B1 noun /dɪˈfens/

Defence

防御; 保護

Meaning

the action of defending from or resisting attack; protection or support

Example

The country strengthened its defence system against potential threats.

その国は潜在的な脅威に対抗するため、防御システムを強化しました。

B2 noun /ˈdiː.sən.si/

Decency

品位

Meaning

behavior that conforms to accepted standards of morality or respectability

Example

She had the decency to apologize for her mistake immediately.

彼女はすぐに自分の間違いを謝る品位を示しました。

C1 noun /ˌdep.rɪˈveɪ.ʃən/

deprivation

剥奪, 欠乏, 不足

Meaning

The damaging lack of material benefits considered to be basic necessities in a society.

Example

Sleep deprivation affects cognitive function.

睡眠不足は認知機能に影響を与えます。

C2 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈkrɪtɪkəl/

diacritical

ダイアクリティカル

Meaning

Relating to a mark added to a letter to indicate a different pronunciation or stress.

Example

The word résumé has diacritical marks that change its meaning from resume.

‘レジュメ’という言葉には、意味を変えるダイアクリティカルマークがあります。

B2 adjective /ˈded.li/

Deadly

致命的な; 死亡の; 危険な

Meaning

causing or able to cause death; extremely dangerous; lethal

Example

The deadly poison killed the plant instantly.

致命的な毒はその植物を瞬時に殺しました。

B2 noun /doʊ/

dough

生地

Meaning

a mixture of flour, water, and other ingredients used to make bread or pastries

Example

She kneaded the dough for ten minutes before baking.

彼女は生地を10分間こねた後、それを焼きました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈstɜː.bɪŋ/

disturbing

気になる

Meaning

causing anxiety, worry, or emotional distress

Example

The news about the accident was deeply disturbing.

事故のニュースは非常に気分を害するものでした。

C1 verb /dɪsˈhɑːrtn/

dishearten

落胆させる

Meaning

to cause someone to lose determination or confidence; to discourage

Example

The constant rejection letters began to dishearten the young writer.

継続的な拒否の手紙が若い作家を落胆させ始めた。

C1 verb /ˈdræm.ə.taɪz/

dramatize

ドラマ化する

Meaning

to present a story in a dramatic way, or to exaggerate something

Example

The novel was dramatized into a popular TV series.

その小説は人気のテレビシリーズにドラマタイズされました。

C2 noun /dɪˈfoʊliənt/

defoliant

Meaning

a chemical that causes leaves to drop from plants, often used in warfare or agriculture

Example

The army sprayed defoliant to clear the forest cover.

C2 noun /draɪd ˈfɛnjʊˌɡriːk livz/

Dried Fenugreek Leaves

乾燥フェヌグリークの葉

Meaning

dehydrated leaves of the fenugreek plant used as a herb in cooking

Example

Add dried fenugreek leaves to the curry for extra flavor.

カレーに乾燥フェヌグリークの葉を加えて、さらに風味を加えます。

B1 adjective /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/

delighted

喜んで

Meaning

feeling or showing great pleasure and happiness

Example

She was delighted with the surprise gift.

彼女はサプライズギフトにとても喜んでいました。

C2 adjective /dɪsˈpɛptɪk/

dyspeptic

消化不良, イライラした

Meaning

Relating to indigestion or having a gloomy or irritable disposition.

Example

After the heavy meal, he felt dyspeptic and uncomfortable.

重い食事の後、彼は消化不良で不快に感じました。

C2 noun /dɪˈmʌrɪdʒ/

demurrage

デマレッジ

Meaning

a charge payable to the owner of a ship or vehicle for not loading or unloading on time

Example

The company had to pay demurrage for delaying the unloading of goods.

会社は荷物の荷降ろしの遅れでデマレッジを支払わなければならなかった。

C2 noun /ˌdiːnəʊˈteɪʃən/

denotation

指示

Meaning

The literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests.

Example

The denotation of the word 'rose' is a type of flower.

'ローズ'という単語のデノテーションは花の一種です。

A2 noun /ˈdaʊnˌtaʊn/

downtown

ダウンタウン

Meaning

the central part of a city

Example

They spent the afternoon shopping downtown.

彼らは午後、市の中心部で買い物をしました。

B2 verb /drɪp/

drip

滴る

Meaning

to fall or let fall in drops

Example

Water was dripping from the broken pipe.

壊れたパイプから水が滴っていました。

B1 adjective /dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/

disgusting

嫌な

Meaning

extremely unpleasant or offensive; causing strong dislike or revulsion

Example

The smell coming from the trash can was absolutely disgusting.

ゴミ箱からの臭いは完全に嫌なものでした。

B2 noun /diːd/

Deed

行為; 偉業; 法的文書;

Meaning

an action that is performed intentionally or consciously; a legal document showing ownership

Example

His heroic deed saved the child from drowning in the river.

彼の英雄的な行為は子供を川で溺れさせないように救った。

B2 noun /daɪm/

dime

10セント硬貨

Meaning

a small coin, especially a U.S. coin worth ten cents

Example

He gave me a dime for the phone call.

電話のためにダイムを一枚くれました。

B2 verb /dɪsˈmɪs/

dismiss

解雇する, 却下する

Meaning

to remove someone from a job or position; to decide something is not important

Example

The manager dismissed the employee for being late too often.

マネージャーは遅刻が多すぎるため、従業員を解雇しました。

B1 noun dɪˈfens

defense

防御

Meaning

The action of defending from or resisting attack; protection from harm or danger.

Example

Defense was one of the central subjects.

防御は主要なテーマの一つだった。

B2 adjective /dɪˈstrɛst/

distressed

苦しんでいる

Meaning

feeling or showing extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain

Example

She looked distressed after hearing the bad news.

悪い知らせを聞いた後、彼女は苦しんでいるように見えました。

A2 noun /ˈdeɪn.dʒər/

danger

危険

Meaning

The possibility of harm, injury, or loss.

Example

The hikers were in great danger during the storm.

登山者は嵐の中で大きな危険にさらされていました。

C2 adjective /dɪˈklæməˌtɔri/

declamatory

力強い演説スタイル

Meaning

speaking in a loud, rhetorical, or dramatic way

Example

The politician’s declamatory style impressed some but irritated others.

その政治家の力強い演説スタイルは一部の人々に感銘を与えたが、他の人々には不快感を与えた。

C1 adjective /dɪˈskrɪmɪˌneɪtɪŋ/

discriminating

選り好みする

Meaning

Having refined taste or good judgment; able to recognize subtle differences.

Example

She is known for her discriminating taste in art.

彼女は芸術における選り好みの味で知られています。

C1 verb /dɪˈbɑːr/

debar

禁止する

Meaning

To officially prevent someone from doing something.

Example

He was debarred from entering the competition due to cheating.

彼は不正行為のため競技への参加が禁止されました。

B2 noun /dɪˈpen.dəns/

Dependence

依存

Meaning

the state of relying on or needing someone or something for support; addiction

Example

His dependence on technology made it difficult for him to work without internet.

テクノロジーへの依存がインターネットなしでは仕事を困難にした。

A2 noun /ˈdɪfərəns/

difference

違い

Meaning

A point or way in which things are not the same.

Example

There is a big difference between theory and practice.

理論と実践の間に大きな違いがあります。

B2 noun /ˈdɔː.weɪ/

doorway

ドアの入口

Meaning

the space where a door opens into a room or building

Example

She stood in the doorway waiting for him to arrive.

彼女はドアの入口に立って、彼が来るのを待っていました。

B1 noun /ˈdaɪəɡræm/

diagram

図表

Meaning

a simplified drawing that shows the structure, relationship, or process of something

Example

The teacher explained the system using a clear diagram.

先生は分かりやすい図表を使ってシステムを説明した。

C2 noun /dɪsˈtɛmpər/

distemper

犬に感染するウイルス性疾患

Meaning

a viral disease affecting animals, especially dogs; also refers to a state of disorder

Example

The dog was diagnosed with distemper and needed immediate care.

その犬はディステンパーと診断され、即座の治療が必要でした。

C1 noun /ˌdiːˈmer.ɪt/

Demerit

欠点; 不利; 過ちや違反に対して与えられるマーク

Meaning

a fault or disadvantage; a mark given for a fault or offense

Example

The student received a demerit for arriving late to class repeatedly.

その生徒は繰り返し遅刻したため、デメリットを受けました。

C2 noun /dɪˈdʒɛnərəsi/

degeneracy

退化

Meaning

The state of decline or deterioration, often in moral, cultural, or physical qualities.

Example

The novel portrays the moral degeneracy of a corrupt society.

その小説は腐敗した社会の道徳的退化を描いています。

B1 noun /dɪˈsɪʒənˌmeɪkɪŋ/

decision-making

意思決定

Meaning

the process of making decisions, especially important or business-related decisions

Example

The CEO's decision-making was crucial for the success of the company.

CEOの意思決定は、会社の成功にとって重要でした。

A2 adjective /ˈdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl/

digital

デジタル

Meaning

Relating to, using, or storing data or information in the form of digital signals; involving or relating to the use of computer technology.

Example

The world is shifting towards a digital economy.

世界はデジタル経済に向かっています。

B2 noun /ˈdoʊnər/

donor

ドナー

Meaning

A person who gives something, especially to a charity or cause.

Example

The donor contributed generously to the hospital’s new wing.

ドナーは病院の新しい翼に寛大に寄付しました。

B1 verb /dɪˈnaɪ/

deny

否定する

Meaning

to refuse to accept or admit something; to declare something untrue

Example

He denied stealing the money.

彼はお金を盗んだことを否定した。

A2 verb /dɪˈskʌs/

discuss

話し合う

Meaning

To talk about something with another person or group in detail.

Example

We need to discuss the project before finalizing it.

プロジェクトを最終決定する前に、それを話し合う必要があります。

A2 noun /ˈdɑrk.nəs/

Darkness

暗闇; 無知;

Meaning

the partial or total absence of light; wickedness or evil; ignorance or lack of knowledge

Example

The power outage plunged the entire city into darkness.

停電で町全体が暗闇に包まれた。

C1 noun /dɪˈprɛsənt/

depressant

抑制剤

Meaning

A drug that reduces functional or nervous activity in the body.

Example

Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system.

アルコールは中枢神経系に抑制剤として作用します。

B2 adjective daɪˈvɜːs

diverse

多様な

Meaning

Showing a great deal of variety; very different.

Example

Diverse industries enhance economic resilience.

多様な産業が経済的な回復力を高める。

C1 adjective /dɪˈmɒnstrəbl/

demonstrable

証明可能

Meaning

clearly able to be shown or proven

Example

There was demonstrable evidence that he was innocent.

彼が無罪であることを示す証明可能な証拠がありました。

C2 noun /ˈdaɪətraɪb/

diatribe

激しい非難

Meaning

A forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something.

Example

The politician launched a diatribe against his opponents.

政治家は自分の対戦相手に対して激しい非難を始めた。

C1 adverb /ˈduːli/

Duly

適切に, 時間通りに

Meaning

in accordance with what is required or appropriate; at the proper time

Example

The documents were duly signed and submitted.

書類は適切に署名され、提出されました。

C2 noun /dɪˈtrækʃən/

detraction

非難

Meaning

The act of belittling or taking away from the value of something.

Example

Her constant detraction of others made her unpopular.

他人に対する彼女の絶え間ない非難は、彼女を不人気にした。

B2 verb /ˌdɪsɪnˈfɛkt/

disinfect

消毒する

Meaning

to clean something thoroughly to destroy bacteria or viruses

Example

The nurse disinfected the wound before applying a bandage.

看護師は包帯を巻く前に傷を消毒しました。

C1 noun ˌdɪdʒɪˈnɛəreɪʃən

degeneration

退化

Meaning

The process of decline or deterioration in structure or function.

Example

The degeneration of brain cells leads to cognitive decline.

脳細胞の退化は認知機能の低下を引き起こします。

C2 adjective /ˌdɒktrɪˈnɛər/

doctrinaire

教条主義者

Meaning

stubbornly devoted to a theory or doctrine without regard to practical considerations

Example

His doctrinaire approach to politics alienated many supporters.

彼の教条主義的な政治アプローチは、多くの支持者を遠ざけた。

A2 verb /diːl/

deal

幸せ

Meaning

to distribute or give out something; to handle or manage

Example

He had to deal with many problems at work.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

C1 adjective /ˈdestatəʊt/

Destitute

困窮した; 貧しい; 財産もお金もない

Meaning

extremely poor; without money or possessions

Example

Many families became destitute after the economic collapse.

経済崩壊後、多くの家族は困窮しました。

B2 noun /dɪˈtɛkʃən/

detection

検出

Meaning

the action or process of identifying the presence of something

Example

The detection of fraud in the system was swift.

システム内での詐欺の検出は迅速でした。

C2 noun /ˈdjʊərəns/

durance

監禁

Meaning

imprisonment or confinement

Example

The prisoner spent years in durance before his release.

囚人は解放される前に数年間監禁されていた。

C1 noun /ˈdiːvə/

diva

有名な女性歌手

Meaning

a famous female singer; a woman who is admired or behaves like a star

Example

The pop diva performed her latest hit to a cheering crowd.

ポップディーバは観衆の前で最新のヒットを披露しました。

B2 noun /ˈdrʌm.stɪk/

Drumstick

モリンガのさや

Meaning

long green pod vegetable from moringa tree; nutritious vegetable used in curries

Example

The drumstick adds a unique flavor to the traditional fish curry.

ドラムスティックは伝統的な魚カレーに独特な風味を加えます。

C2 adjective /dɪˈluːsɪv/

delusive

欺瞞的

Meaning

Giving a false or misleading impression; deceptive.

Example

His promises turned out to be delusive and untrustworthy.

彼の約束は欺瞞的で信頼できないことが証明されました。

B2 noun /dɪˈsper/

Despair

絶望

Meaning

the complete loss or absence of hope; a state of feeling hopeless

Example

After losing his job, he fell into despair and couldn't see any way forward.

仕事を失った後、彼は絶望し、前に進む方法が見えなかった。

C1 noun /dɪˈluːʒən/

delusion

錯覚

Meaning

A false belief or impression maintained despite being contradicted by reality.

Example

He lived under the delusion that he was invincible.

彼は自分が無敵だという錯覚の中で生きていた。

B1 noun /ˈdrɛsɪŋ/

dressing

ドレッシング / 調味料の混合物

Meaning

a sauce for salads; or material used to cover a wound

Example

She prepared a delicious salad with Italian dressing.

彼女はイタリアンドレッシングで美味しいサラダを作った。

C2 noun /ˈdɛntɪfrɪs/

dentifrice

歯磨き粉

Meaning

a substance such as powder, paste, or liquid used to clean teeth

Example

He bought a new herbal dentifrice from the pharmacy.

彼は薬局で新しいハーブの歯磨きを買った。

C1 verb /dɪˈvɒlv/

devolve

委譲する

Meaning

To pass power, responsibility, or duties to another person or group.

Example

The responsibility will devolve on the new manager.

責任は新しいマネージャーに委譲されます。

C2 noun /ˈdɔːrmər/

dormer

ドーマー窓

Meaning

A window that projects vertically from a sloping roof.

Example

The old house had a dormer overlooking the garden.

その古い家には庭を見下ろすドーマー窓がありました。

A1 noun /dɛsk/

desk

机

Meaning

a piece of furniture with a flat surface used for writing or working

Example

The books are on the desk.

本は机の上にあります。

B2 verb /drɪft/

drift

漂う

Meaning

to move slowly, especially by air or water currents

Example

The boat began to drift away from the shore.

ボートは岸から離れ始めた。

C1 noun /ˈdɪm.pəl/

Dimple

えくぼ

Meaning

a small depression in the flesh, either one that exists permanently or one that forms when smiling

Example

Her charming dimples appeared whenever she smiled at the children.

彼女の魅力的なえくぼは、子供たちに微笑むたびに現れました。

B2 verb /dɒdʒ/

dodge

避ける

Meaning

to move quickly to one side to avoid something; to avoid dealing with something cleverly or dishonestly

Example

The boxer managed to dodge his opponent's punch.

ボクサーは相手のパンチをかわすことに成功した。

B2 verb dɪˈtɪrɪəˌreɪts

deteriorates

悪化する

Meaning

To become progressively worse; to decline in quality, condition, or strength.

Example

The quality of air deteriorates due to pollution.

汚染によって大気の質が悪化する。

A1 noun /ˈdɒktər/

doctor

医者

Meaning

A qualified medical professional who treats illnesses and injuries.

Example

The doctor prescribed medicine for the patient.

医者は患者に薬を処方しました。

C1 noun /ˈdɒktrɪn/

doctrine

教義

Meaning

A set of beliefs or principles held and taught by a religious, political, or other group.

Example

The church follows a strict doctrine on moral values.

教会は道徳的価値に関する厳格な教義を遵守しています。

B2 verb /daɪˈvɜːrt/

divert

Meaning

to turn aside from a course; to redirect or entertain

Example

The police diverted traffic to a side road.

C1 noun ˈdɪl.ɪ.dʒəns

diligence

勤勉

Meaning

Careful and persistent work or effort.

Example

Success requires patience and diligence.

成功には忍耐と勤勉が必要です。

C1 noun ˈdaɪ.nə.sti

dynasty

王朝

Meaning

A line of hereditary rulers of a country; a succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in business, politics, or another field.

Example

The Ming dynasty ruled China for centuries.

明王朝は何世紀にもわたって中国を支配していました。

C1 noun /ˈdɛdlɒk/

deadlock

行き詰まり

Meaning

a situation in which progress is impossible because of disagreement

Example

Negotiations reached a deadlock after neither side agreed to compromise.

交渉は双方が妥協に同意しなかったため行き詰まりました。

C1 noun /ˌdɜːrməˈtɑːlədʒi/

dermatology

皮膚科学

Meaning

The branch of medicine concerned with the skin and its diseases.

Example

He studied dermatology at medical school.

彼は医学部で皮膚科学を学んだ。

B2 adjective /ˈdæz.lɪŋ/

Dazzling

眩しい; 印象的な

Meaning

extremely bright and impressive; brilliant and stunning

Example

The dazzling lights of the city amazed the tourists.

その都市の眩い光は観光客を驚かせました。

B2 verb /dɪˈraɪv/

derive

導き出す

Meaning

To obtain something from a source.

Example

Many English words derive from Latin.

多くの英語の単語はラテン語から導き出される。

C1 verb /daɪˈluːt/

dilute

薄める

Meaning

To make a liquid thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent.

Example

You should dilute the juice with water before serving it to children.

子供たちに出す前にジュースを水で薄めるべきです。

C2 verb /diːˈpɒpjʊˌleɪt/

depopulate

人口減少

Meaning

To reduce the number of people living in a place.

Example

The war threatened to depopulate the once-thriving town.

戦争はかつて繁栄していた町を人口減少させる脅威を与えた。

B2 noun /dɪˈdʌk.ʃən/

deduction

推論

Meaning

The process of reaching a conclusion through logical reasoning.

Example

His deduction from the evidence was accurate.

証拠から彼の推論は正確でした。

B2 noun /dɪsˈmeɪ/

Dismay

失望; 驚き

Meaning

concern and distress caused by something unexpected; consternation or alarm

Example

To our dismay, the concert was cancelled due to severe weather conditions.

私たちの失望の中、コンサートは悪天候のためキャンセルされました。

C1 verb /dɪsˈɑːrm/

disarm

武装解除する

Meaning

to take weapons away from someone; to make someone feel less hostile

Example

The soldiers were ordered to disarm the rebels.

兵士たちは反乱者の武装を解除するよう命じられた。