permanently
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B1 adverb /ˈpɜː.mə.nənt.li/

permanently

de façon permanente
Meaning
in a way that lasts or remains unchanged for a long time or forever
Example
She moved to the city permanently after finishing her studies.
Elle a déménagé en ville de façon permanente après avoir terminé ses études.
A2 noun /pəˈliːsmən/

policeman

policier
Meaning
a man whose job is to enforce the law and keep public order
Example
The policeman directed the traffic at the intersection.
Le policier a dirigé la circulation à l'intersection.
C1 verb /wɑːft/

waft

flotter dans l'air
Meaning
to move gently through the air, carried by a breeze
Example
The smell of fresh bread wafted through the kitchen.
L'odeur du pain frais flottait dans la cuisine.
C1 verb /ˈkrʌmpəl/

crumple

froisser
Meaning
to crush something into folds or wrinkles
Example
He crumpled the paper and threw it in the bin.
Il a froissé le papier et l'a jeté dans la poubelle.
C2 adjective /ˈræfɪʃ/

raffish

non conventionnel et légèrement discrédité mais attrayant
Meaning
unconventional and slightly disreputable but attractive
Example
He had a raffish charm that made him popular in the city.
Il avait un charme raffish qui le rendait populaire dans la ville.
B2 noun, verb /ˈɑːrkaɪv/

archive

archive
Meaning
A collection of historical documents or records; to store or preserve information for future use.
Example
The library decided to archive all the old manuscripts.
La bibliothèque a décidé d'archiver tous les anciens manuscrits.
C2 verb /ˈhɑːbəl/

hobble

boiter
Meaning
to walk awkwardly with difficulty, usually due to injury
Example
He hobbled across the room after twisting his ankle.
Il boitait à travers la pièce après s'être tordu la cheville.
C1 adjective ˌsɪmbɪˈɒtɪk

symbiotic

symbiotique
Meaning
Involving interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association.
Example
The relationship between the bee and the flower is symbiotic.
La relation entre l'abeille et la fleur est symbiotique.
C2 verb ɪɡˈzɔːrt

exhort

exhorter
Meaning
To strongly encourage or urge someone to do something.
Example
The teacher exhorted students to work hard for exams.
Le professeur a exhorté les élèves à travailler dur pour les examens.
B2 verb /daɪ/

dye

teindre
Meaning
to change the color of something using a chemical substance
Example
She will dye her hair blonde tomorrow.
Elle teindra ses cheveux en blonde demain.
B1 noun /pərˈfɔːrmər/

performer

interprète
Meaning
a person who entertains an audience by acting, singing, dancing, or playing music
Example
The performer received a standing ovation for her song.
L'interprète a reçu une ovation debout pour sa chanson.
C1 adjective /ˈdɒɡɪd/

dogged

obstiné
Meaning
showing stubborn determination and persistence
Example
She succeeded through dogged determination.
Elle a réussi grâce à sa détermination obstinée.
B2 noun /ˈɡlæmər/

glamor

charme
Meaning
An attractive or exciting quality that makes something or someone appealing.
Example
The glamor of city life attracts many young people.
Le charme de la vie urbaine attire de nombreux jeunes.
A1 noun/verb /ˈraɪ.tɪŋ/

writing

bonheur
Meaning
The activity of putting words on paper or composing text; the written form of communication.
Example
She spends hours every day on her creative writing.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur quand elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun /ˈædɪdʒ/

adage

proverbe
Meaning
a short, well-known saying that expresses a general truth or piece of advice
Example
The old adage says that honesty is the best policy.
Le vieux proverbe dit que l'honnêteté est la meilleure politique.
B2 noun /ˌsuːvəˈnɪər/

Souvenir

souvenir
Meaning
a thing that is kept as a reminder of a person, place, or event; a memento
Example
I bought a small souvenir from the gift shop.
J'ai acheté un petit souvenir à la boutique de cadeaux.
C1 noun /ˈbɑːr.tər ˌsɪs.təm/

barter system

système d'échange
Meaning
A system of exchange where goods and services are traded directly without using money.
Example
Ancient civilizations used the barter system for trade.
Les civilisations anciennes utilisaient le système d'échange pour le commerce.
B2 verb prəˈlɔŋd

prolonged

prolongé
Meaning
Extended in duration; made to last longer than usual.
Example
Modern medicine has prolonged life expectancy.
La médecine moderne a prolongé l'espérance de vie.
A2 noun /wɛb/

web

toile d'araignée
Meaning
a network of fine threads spun by a spider or a complex interconnected system
Example
The spider spun a large web in the corner of the room.
L araignee a tisse une grande toile dans le coin de la piece.
C2 noun /dɜːrdʒ/

dirge

élégie
Meaning
A mournful song, piece of music, or poem expressing grief, often for the dead.
Example
The choir sang a solemn dirge at the funeral.
La chorale a chanté une élégie solennelle lors des funérailles.
C2 noun /ˈflæt.ər.ər/

Flatterer

flatteur
Meaning
a person who lavishes praise, often insincerely and in order to gain advantage
Example
The king was surrounded by flatterers who only told him what he wanted to hear.
Le roi était entouré de flatteurs qui lui disaient seulement ce qu'il voulait entendre.
A2 verb /daɪ/

die

mourir
Meaning
to stop living; to cease to exist
Example
The flowers will die without water.
Les fleurs mourront sans eau.
B2 verb /ɪnˈdjʊər/

endure

endurer
Meaning
to suffer something difficult or unpleasant patiently
Example
He had to endure years of hardship before achieving success.
Il a dû endurer des années de difficultés avant de réussir.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnæprɪˈhɛnsəbl/

inapprehensible

incompréhensible
Meaning
not understandable; incomprehensible
Example
The concept was so abstract that it seemed inapprehensible to most students.
Le concept était si abstrait qu'il semblait incompréhensible pour la plupart des étudiants.
B1 noun /məˈdʒɪʃən/

magician

magicien
Meaning
A person who performs tricks and illusions for entertainment or one believed to have magical powers.
Example
The magician pulled a rabbit out of his hat.
Le magicien a sorti un lapin de son chapeau.
B2 adjective /ˈneɪvəl/

naval

naval
Meaning
relating to a country's navy or military ships
Example
The country invested heavily in naval defense.
Le pays a investi massivement dans la défense navale.
A2 verb /krɒs/

cross

traverser
Meaning
to go from one side to another, or to pass through
Example
We crossed the river using a wooden bridge.
Nous avons traversé la rivière en utilisant un pont en bois.
B2 verb /maɪˈɡreɪt/

migrate

migrer
Meaning
To move from one region or habitat to another, especially regularly according to the seasons or for work.
Example
Birds migrate south during the winter.
Les oiseaux migrent vers le sud pendant l'hiver.
C1 verb /skwɪnt/

squint

plisser les yeux
Meaning
to look with partly closed eyes
Example
She squinted at the bright sunlight.
Elle plissa les yeux à cause de la lumière brillante du soleil.
C2 adjective /pərˈsɪpiənt/

percipient

perspicace
Meaning
Having good understanding or insight; able to perceive things clearly.
Example
As a percipient critic, she recognized the deeper meaning of the play.
En tant que critique perspicace, elle a reconnu la signification plus profonde de la pièce.
B2 verb, noun /ʃeɪv/

shave

raser
Meaning
To remove hair from the body, typically using a razor; the act of removing hair
Example
He likes to shave every morning before work.
Il aime se raser chaque matin avant le travail.
C1 adjective /kənˈsɛntrɪk/

concentric

concentrique
Meaning
having a common center, as in circles or spheres
Example
The artist drew concentric circles on the canvas.
L'artiste a dessiné des cercles concentriques sur la toile.
C2 verb /həˈbɪtʃuˌeɪt/

habituate

habituer
Meaning
to make someone accustomed to something
Example
The monks habituated themselves to meditation.
Les moines se sont habitués à la méditation.
A2 noun rɪˈspɛkt

respect

respect
Meaning
A feeling of deep admiration for someone or something.
Example
We should show respect to the freedom fighters.
Nous devons montrer du respect aux combattants de la liberté.
B2 noun /ɪˈlɛktrɪk drɪl/

Electric drill

perceuse électrique
Meaning
A power tool used for drilling holes in various materials
Example
He used an electric drill to make holes in the wall for hanging pictures.
Il a utilisé une perceuse électrique pour faire des trous dans le mur pour accrocher des photos.
C1 adjective /ˈrænsɪd/

rancid

rance
Meaning
having a bad taste or smell due to being old or spoiled (especially fats or oils)
Example
The butter had gone rancid after being left out too long.
Le beurre était devenu rance après être resté trop longtemps dehors.
C2 verb /pɑːrtʃ/

parch

sècher
Meaning
to make something extremely dry, especially by exposure to heat
Example
The scorching sun began to parch the fields.
Le soleil brûlant a commencé à sécher les champs.
C2 noun /ˈkwaɪəˌtuːd/

quietude

quiétude
Meaning
A state of stillness and tranquility.
Example
She enjoys the quietude of the countryside.
Elle profite de la quiétude de la campagne.
B2 adjective /ˈstɑːrtəld/

startled

surpris
Meaning
suddenly shocked or surprised by something unexpected
Example
She was startled by the loud noise outside.
Elle a été surprise par le bruit fort dehors.
B2 noun /kriːk/

creek

ruisseau
Meaning
a small stream or narrow river
Example
We went fishing by the creek near our house.
Nous sommes allés pêcher près du ruisseau près de notre maison.
B1 verb səˈpɔːrtɪŋ

supporting

soutenir
Meaning
Giving assistance to; helping to bear the weight of something.
Example
Supporting education initiatives helps reduce child labour.
Soutenir les initiatives éducatives aide à réduire le travail des enfants.
A2 noun /rɪˈleɪ.ʃən.ʃɪp/

Relationship

relation
Meaning
the way two people or groups feel and behave towards each other; a connection between two things
Example
They have a very close relationship.
Ils ont une relation très proche.
C1 noun /ˈhɑː.mə.nɪm/

homonym

homonyme
Meaning
A word that is spelled and pronounced like another word but has a different meaning.
Example
The word 'bat' is a homonym because it can mean an animal or a sports tool.
Le mot 'chauve-souris' est un homonyme car il peut signifier un animal ou un outil de sport.
B2 noun ɑːmd ˈkɒn.flɪkt

armed conflict

conflit armé
Meaning
A contest of armed forces; warfare between opposing military forces.
Example
Armed conflict resulted in widespread devastation.
Le conflit armé a entraîné une dévastation généralisée.
B2 noun /skʌl/

Skull

crâne
Meaning
the bony framework of the head that protects the brain
Example
The doctor examined the skull X-ray carefully.
Le médecin a soigneusement examiné la radiographie du crâne.
A1 noun /speɪs/

space

espace
Meaning
The dimensions of height, depth, and width within which all things exist and move.
Example
Space exploration expands human knowledge.
L'exploration de l'espace élargit les connaissances humaines.
A2 adjective /streɪt/

Straight

droit; direct; honnête;
Meaning
extending or moving uniformly in one direction; not curved or bent; honest
Example
Draw a straight line from point A to point B.
Tracez une ligne droite du point A au point B.
A2 verb /prɪˈfɜːr/

prefer

préférer
Meaning
to like better; to choose as more desirable
Example
I prefer tea over coffee in the morning.
Je préfère le thé au café le matin.
B2 noun /ˈfluː.ən.si/

fluency

fluidité
Meaning
The ability to speak or write a language smoothly and effortlessly.
Example
She speaks English with remarkable fluency.
Elle parle l'anglais avec une grande fluidité.
A1 noun /tʃeər/

Chair

chaise
Meaning
a separate seat for one person, typically with a back and four legs
Example
Please sit on the chair.
S'il vous plaît, asseyez-vous sur la chaise.
C1 noun /ˌtɛrəˈdæktɪl/

pterodactyl

reptile volant éteint
Meaning
An extinct flying reptile of the Jurassic period, with a long slender head and wings formed by a membrane stretching along the body.
Example
The museum displayed a fossil of a giant pterodactyl.
Le musée a exposé un fossile de ptérodactyle géant.
B2 noun ɔːˈtɒnəmi

autonomy

autonomie
Meaning
The right or condition of self-government; freedom from external control or influence.
Example
Autonomy was a primary demand.
L'autonomie était une exigence principale.
B2 verb /boʊlt/

bolt

courir soudainement; fixer quelque chose avec un boulon
Meaning
To move suddenly and quickly; also to fasten something with a bolt.
Example
The horse bolted from the stable after hearing a loud noise.
Le cheval s'est précipité hors de l'écurie après avoir entendu un bruit fort.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃən/

conflagration

grand incendie destructeur
Meaning
A large, destructive fire that destroys a great deal of land or property.
Example
The forest was devastated by a massive conflagration that lasted for days.
La forêt a été dévastée par un énorme incendie qui a duré plusieurs jours.
C1 proper noun ˈɡləʊbəl ˈfaʊndriz

GlobalFoundries

GlobalFoundries
Meaning
A specific company in semiconductor manufacturing.
Example
GlobalFoundries is a leading semiconductor company.
GlobalFoundries est une entreprise de semi-conducteurs leader.
A1 verb /neɪm/

name

nommer
Meaning
to give a title or designation to someone or something
Example
They decided to name their baby Sarah.
Ils ont décidé de nommer leur bébé Sarah.
B1 noun /ˈprɛzəns/

presence

présence
Meaning
The fact or condition of being present; a person's impressive manner or appearance.
Example
His presence in the meeting made everyone feel at ease.
Sa présence à la réunion a mis tout le monde à l'aise.
B1 noun /ˈfɔːr.mæt/

Format

format
Meaning
the way in which something is arranged or set out; the shape, size, and presentation of a book or document
Example
Please submit your report in PDF format by the end of the week.
Veuillez soumettre votre rapport au format PDF d'ici la fin de la semaine.
B2 verb /dɪsˈeɪbl/

disable

désactiver
Meaning
to make something unable to function or operate
Example
The technician disabled the alarm system temporarily.
Le technicien a désactivé temporairement le système d'alarme.
C1 verb /daɪˈvʌldʒ/

divulge

divulguer
Meaning
to make known something private, secret, or previously unknown
Example
She refused to divulge the source of her information.
Elle a refusé de divulguer la source de ses informations.
C2 adjective /bɪˈfɒɡd/

befogged

confus, embrouillé
Meaning
Confused or clouded in mind; made unclear like being surrounded by fog.
Example
His mind felt befogged after the long and exhausting meeting.
Son esprit se sentait embrouillé après la longue réunion épuisante.
C2 adjective /juːˈnɪsənənt/

unisonant

harmonieux
Meaning
Sounding together or in harmony.
Example
The unisonant voices created a powerful effect.
Les voix harmonieuses ont créé un effet puissant.
C1 noun /ˈprɒvɪdəns/

providence

providence divine
Meaning
the protective care of God or nature as a spiritual power; foresight or prudence
Example
They believed their survival was due to divine providence.
Ils croyaient que leur survie était due à la providence divine.
B2 verb /ˈrʌm.bəl/

rumble

bonheur
Meaning
to make a continuous deep, resonant sound
Example
Thunder rumbled in the distance.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
A2 adjective ˈpɒzətɪv

positive

positif
Meaning
Having an electric charge opposite to that of an electron.
Example
Protons have a positive charge.
Les protons ont une charge positive.
C1 verb /rɪˈpjuː.di.eɪt/

repudiate

répudier
Meaning
to refuse to accept, recognize, or support something
Example
He repudiated the claim that he was involved in the scandal.
Il a répudié l'affirmation qu'il était impliqué dans le scandale.
C2 adjective /səˈdʒɛstəbəl/

suggestible

suggérable
Meaning
easily influenced by the suggestions of others
Example
Children are highly suggestible and may believe what they are told.
Les enfants sont très suggestibles et peuvent croire ce qu'on leur dit.
C2 noun /ˈkɒŋ.ɡru.əns/

congruence

congruence
Meaning
Harmony, compatibility and agreement between different elements.
Example
The congruence between their ideas made collaboration easy.
La congruence entre leurs idées a facilité la collaboration.
C1 noun /əˈlɜːrtnəs/

alertness

vigilance
Meaning
the state of being mentally aware and quick to notice or respond; vigilance
Example
The driver maintained a high level of alertness during the long journey.
Le conducteur a maintenu une grande vigilance pendant le trajet.
C2 noun /ˈɑːr.bɪ.trɑːʒ/

arbitrage

arbitrage
Meaning
The simultaneous buying and selling of securities in different markets to take advantage of differing prices.
Example
Investors use arbitrage to make profits in global markets.
Les investisseurs utilisent l'arbitrage pour réaliser des bénéfices sur les marchés mondiaux.
B1 noun /ɪˈskeɪp/

Escape

évasion; fuite; libération
Meaning
an act of breaking free from confinement or control; a way out
Example
The prisoner's escape from the jail shocked the authorities.
L'évasion du prisonnier de la prison a choqué les autorités.
A1 verb /kɔːst/

cost

coûter
Meaning
to have a price of; to require payment; to cause loss
Example
This book will cost twenty dollars.
Ce livre coûtera vingt dollars.
B2 verb /rɪˈzuːm/

resume

reprendre
Meaning
to start again after a pause or interruption
Example
We will resume the meeting after lunch.
Nous reprendrons la réunion après le déjeuner.
C1 adjective /ˈænsɪləri/

ancillary

annexe
Meaning
providing necessary support to the main system or organization
Example
The company provides ancillary services to the healthcare industry.
L'entreprise fournit des services annexes à l'industrie de la santé.
C1 noun /ˈskæf.əld/

Scaffold

échafaud
Meaning
a temporary structure used by workers to stand on when building or repairing something high; a platform for execution
Example
The workers erected a scaffold to paint the building's exterior.
Les ouvriers ont érigé un échafaud pour peindre l'extérieur du bâtiment.
A1 noun /ˈfʊtˌbɔːl/

football

football
Meaning
A team sport played with a ball that is kicked or carried to score points.
Example
They watched a football match on TV.
Ils ont regardé un match de football à la télévision.
C2 noun ˌkɒmpjʊˈteɪʃənəl kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən

computational communication

communication computationnelle
Meaning
Digital exchange and automated interaction; the use of computational methods and systems to facilitate communication and information sharing.
Example
Computational communication is reshaping how we share information.
La communication computationnelle redéfinit la manière dont nous partageons les informations.
C1 noun /ˈliːweɪ/

leeway

marge
Meaning
Freedom to act within certain limits; extra space or time.
Example
The manager gave the team some leeway to finish the project.
Le gestionnaire a donné à l'équipe une certaine marge pour terminer le projet.
C1 noun /ˈspɪnstər/

spinster

femme célibataire
Meaning
An unmarried woman, often one who is older and considered unlikely to marry
Example
The novel featured a kind-hearted spinster who cared for the village children.
Le roman présentait une femme célibataire au grand cœur qui s'occupait des enfants du village.
C1 adjective /ˈvɑːlətl/

volatile

volatil
Meaning
likely to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse
Example
The stock market is extremely volatile these days.
Le marché boursier est extrêmement volatil ces jours-ci.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈnoʊn/

Unknown

inconnu
Meaning
not known or identified; unfamiliar
Example
The author of this letter remains unknown.
L'auteur de cette lettre reste inconnu.
C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɛks/

vertex

sommet
Meaning
The highest point; the top or the apex.
Example
The climber reached the vertex of the mountain.
L'escaladeur a atteint le sommet de la montagne.
C1 verb /dɪˈbeɪs/

debase

dégrader
Meaning
to reduce the quality, value, or dignity of something
Example
Corruption can debase the values of a society.
La corruption peut dégrader les valeurs d'une société.
A2 noun /ˈnefjuː/

nephew

neveu
Meaning
the son of one’s brother or sister
Example
My nephew is studying at the university.
Mon neveu étudie à l’université.
C1 adverb /ˈæmpli/

amply

amplement
Meaning
more than sufficiently; generously
Example
She was amply rewarded for her hard work.
Elle a été généreusement récompensée pour son travail acharné.
C1 noun /ˈskwɒlər/

squalor

misère
Meaning
the state of being extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially due to poverty or neglect
Example
They lived in squalor without basic facilities.
Ils vivaient dans la misère sans installations de base.
C2 verb /əˈsɪdɪfaɪ/

acidify

acidifier
Meaning
to make something acidic or more acidic
Example
Farmers worry that pollution will acidify the soil.
Les agriculteurs craignent que la pollution acidifie le sol.
A1 noun /tə'meɪ.toʊ/

Tomato

tomate
Meaning
a red or yellow edible fruit that is typically eaten as a vegetable
Example
She added fresh tomatoes to the salad.
Elle a ajouté des tomates fraîches à la salade.
B2 adjective /slæk/

slack

lâche
Meaning
not tight, firm, or busy; lacking tension or activity
Example
Business is slack during the rainy season.
Les affaires sont lentes pendant la saison des pluies.
C2 noun /ˌdɛprɪˈdeɪʃən/

depredation

pillage
Meaning
An act of attacking or plundering; damage caused by such acts.
Example
The villagers feared the depredation of wild animals at night.
Les villageois craignaient le pillage des animaux sauvages la nuit.
C2 verb /ˈlɛvɪteɪt/

levitate

léviter
Meaning
to rise or float in the air, usually without visible support.
Example
The magician made the table levitate during the show.
Le magicien a fait léviter la table pendant le spectacle.
C2 adjective /ˈtɛnɪbrəs/

tenebrous

ténébreux
Meaning
dark, shadowy, or obscure
Example
The cave was damp and tenebrous, filled with eerie sounds.
La grotte était humide et ténébreuse, remplie de bruits étranges.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈɡreɪt.fəl/

Ungrateful

ingrat
Meaning
not feeling or showing thanks for something done or given; not appreciating kindness
Example
She felt he was ungrateful for all the help she had given him.
Elle sentit qu'il était ingrat pour toute l'aide qu'elle lui avait donnée.
C2 adjective /ˈmʌsti/

musty

moisi, moisissure ou odeur humide
Meaning
having a stale, moldy, or damp smell
Example
The old books had a musty odor.
Les vieux livres avaient une odeur de moisi.
B2 noun /ˈfɜː.tɪ.laɪ.zər/

fertilizer

engrais
Meaning
a substance added to soil to make plants grow more successfully
Example
Farmers use fertilizer to increase crop production.
Les agriculteurs utilisent des engrais pour augmenter la production des cultures.
C1 noun /ˈɒktɪv/

octave

octave
Meaning
A series of eight musical notes, or the interval between one musical pitch and another with double its frequency.
Example
The singer's voice could easily reach the higher octave.
La voix du chanteur pourrait facilement atteindre l'octave supérieure.
B2 noun /ˈθiːərɪst/

theorist

théoricien
Meaning
A person who develops, studies, or explains theories in a particular field.
Example
The political theorist explained the impact of democracy on social structures.
Le théoricien politique a expliqué l'impact de la démocratie sur les structures sociales.
C1 verb /dɪˈkraɪ/

decry

dénoncer
Meaning
to publicly criticize or express strong disapproval of something
Example
Many activists decry the destruction of the rainforest.
De nombreux activistes dénoncent la destruction de la forêt tropicale.
C1 adverb spɒnˈteɪnɪəsli

spontaneously

spontanément
Meaning
In a spontaneous way; naturally and without planning or external cause.
Example
Children learn spontaneously through peer interactions.
Les enfants apprennent spontanément à travers les interactions entre pairs.
C2 adjective /trænzˈæl.paɪn/

transalpine

au-delà des Alpes
Meaning
situated beyond or across the Alps, especially from the viewpoint of Italy
Example
The Romans referred to France as Transalpine Gaul.
Les Romains appelaient la France la Gaule transalpine.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

Innumerable

innombrable; incalculable; infini
Meaning
too many to be counted; countless; infinite in number
Example
There are innumerable stars in the night sky that we cannot see with our naked eyes.
Il y a d'innombrables étoiles dans le ciel nocturne que nous ne pouvons pas voir à l'œil nu.
C2 adjective /prəˈpʌlsɪv/

propulsive

propulsif
Meaning
Having the power to drive or push something forward.
Example
The propulsive force of the rocket lifted it off the ground.
La force propulsive de la fusée l'a soulevée du sol.
C1 adjective /ˌmɒnəˈlɪθɪk/

monolithic

monolithique
Meaning
Massive, uniform, and indivisible; resembling a large single stone or structure.
Example
The company maintained a monolithic structure resistant to change.
L'entreprise a maintenu une structure monolithique résistante au changement.
B2 noun /meɪz/

Maze

labyrinthe
Meaning
A network of paths designed as a puzzle; a confusing situation
Example
The children got lost in the corn maze at the harvest festival.
Les enfants se sont perdus dans le labyrinthe de maïs lors du festival de la récolte.
C1 noun ˈdʒɛnɪsɪs

genesis

genèse, origine
Meaning
The origin or mode of formation of something.
Example
The genesis of the internet changed the world forever.
La genèse d'Internet a changé le monde à jamais.
B2 adjective /ˈstaɪ.lɪʃ/

Stylish

élégant et attrayant; ayant de l'élégance ou du goût dans l'apparence
Meaning
fashionable and attractive; having elegance or taste in appearance
Example
She wore a stylish dress to the party.
Elle portait une robe élégante à la fête.
A1 noun /peɪdʒ/

page

page
Meaning
one side of a sheet of paper, or a single sheet of paper in a book or document
Example
Turn to the next page for more information.
Allez à la page suivante pour plus d'informations.
A1 conjunction /ænd/

and

et
Meaning
Used to connect words or sentences that are to be taken jointly.
Example
She bought apples and oranges.
Elle a acheté des pommes et des oranges.
C2 noun /ˈmoʊlər/

molar

molaire
Meaning
A large tooth at the back of the mouth used for grinding food.
Example
The dentist had to extract his wisdom molar.
Le dentiste a dû extraire sa dent de sagesse.
A1 preposition /ɪn/

in

dans
Meaning
expressing the situation of being enclosed or surrounded by something
Example
She is in the kitchen preparing dinner.
Elle est dans la cuisine en train de préparer le dîner.
B2 noun /ˌkwes.tʃəˈneər/

questionnaire

questionnaire
Meaning
a set of written questions used to collect information or opinions
Example
Participants filled out a detailed questionnaire about their habits.
Les participants ont rempli un questionnaire détaillé sur leurs habitudes.
C1 noun ˌkʌl.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən

culmination

aboutissement. Le point culminant ou le plus élevé de quelque chose, généralement atteint après beaucoup de temps.
Meaning
The highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time.
Example
The project reached its culmination after years of effort.
Le projet a atteint son aboutissement après des années d'efforts.
A2 noun /spiːd/

Speed

vitesse; rapidité
Meaning
the rate at which someone or something moves or operates
Example
The car reached a speed of 100 miles per hour.
La voiture a atteint une vitesse de 100 miles par heure.
A1 pronoun /ˈɛnɪθɪŋ/

anything

n'importe quoi
Meaning
any object, event, or matter; whatever thing
Example
You can ask me anything about the project.
Tu peux me demander n'importe quoi sur le projet.
B1 verb /klæp/

clap

applaudir
Meaning
To strike the palms of the hands together, usually to express approval or create a sharp sound.
Example
The audience began to clap loudly after the performance.
Le public a commencé à applaudir bruyamment après la performance.
B2 noun /ˈʃəʊ.keɪs/

showcase

vitrine, présenter quelque chose de manière attrayante ou favorable
Meaning
A display case or exhibition; to present something in an attractive or favorable way.
Example
The exhibition showcased the artist's best works.
L'exposition a présenté les meilleures œuvres de l'artiste.
B2 noun /ˈwɜːk.fləʊ/

workflow

flux de travail, séquence de processus
Meaning
The sequence of processes through which a piece of work passes from initiation to completion.
Example
A well-structured workflow enhances productivity.
Un flux de travail bien structuré améliore la productivité.
C1 verb /dɪsˈpleɪs/

displace

déplacer
Meaning
to force someone or something out of their usual or original position; to replace or substitute
Example
The new technology will displace many traditional manufacturing jobs.
La nouvelle technologie déplacera de nombreux emplois traditionnels dans la fabrication.
C1 verb /dɪˈmɔrəˌlaɪz/

demoralize

démoraliser
Meaning
to cause someone to lose confidence or hope
Example
The constant criticism demoralized the young athlete.
La critique constante a démoralisé le jeune athlète.
C1 adjective /ˈperɪɡrɪn/

Peregrine

errant; migratoire; voyageur
Meaning
wandering; traveling; migratory
Example
The peregrine falcon is known for its incredible speed.
Le faucon pèlerin est connu pour sa vitesse incroyable.
B1 noun æmˈbɪʃ.ən

ambition

ambition
Meaning
A strong desire to do or achieve something, typically requiring determination and hard work.
Example
Their ambition is to build a quantum computer.
Leur ambition est de construire un ordinateur quantique.