Occurrence
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C1 noun /əˈkɜr.əns/

Occurrence

événement
Meaning
an instance or event of something happening; the fact of occurring
Example
The occurrence of earthquakes is common in this region.
L'occurrence des tremblements de terre est courante dans cette région.
B2 noun /ˈnɛtˌwɜːkɪŋ/

networking

réseautage
Meaning
The action of establishing connections and relationships, especially for career or business purposes.
Example
Networking is important for career development.
Le réseautage est important pour le développement de carrière.
C1 verb /ˈskwɒbəl/

squabble

se disputer bruyamment pour quelque chose de trivial
Meaning
To argue noisily over something small or unimportant.
Example
The children squabbled over the last piece of cake.
Les enfants se disputaient pour le dernier morceau de gâteau.
A1 interjection /ʌ/

uh

euh
Meaning
a sound people make when they hesitate or are unsure what to say next.
Example
Uh, I’m not sure if that’s the right answer.
Euh, je ne suis pas sûr si c'est la bonne réponse.
C1 adjective /rɪˈdʒɛn.ə.rə.tɪv/

regenerative

régénératif
Meaning
Able to restore or renew damaged environments, soil, or resources.
Example
Regenerative farming improves soil health and biodiversity.
L'agriculture régénérative améliore la santé du sol et la biodiversité.
C2 noun /ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡrəfər/

lexicographer

lexicographe
Meaning
A person who compiles, writes, or edits dictionaries.
Example
The lexicographer spent years compiling the dictionary.
Le lexicographe a passé des années à compiler le dictionnaire.
C1 verb /slɪŋ/

sling

lancer, suspendre
Meaning
to throw or hang something roughly or carelessly
Example
He slung his bag over his shoulder before leaving.
Il a jeté son sac par-dessus son épaule avant de partir.
B2 noun /taɪˈfuːn/

typhoon

typhon
Meaning
a tropical storm in the region of the Indian or western Pacific oceans
Example
The typhoon caused severe flooding in the coastal areas.
Le typhon a causé des inondations graves dans les zones côtières.
B2 noun /pɔːrtʃ/

porch

porche
Meaning
a covered area at the entrance of a building, often with a roof and open sides
Example
We sat on the porch and enjoyed the evening breeze.
Nous nous sommes assis sur le porche et avons apprécié la brise du soir.
C1 noun ˈmetəl kənˌtæməˈneɪʃən

metal contamination

contamination par les métaux
Meaning
The presence of toxic metals in the environment that pose health and environmental risks.
Example
Metal contamination poses severe health risks.
La contamination par les métaux présente de graves risques pour la santé.
C2 adjective /ˈkæp.ʃəs/

Captious

captieux; critique
Meaning
tending to find fault or raise petty objections; fault-finding; critical
Example
His captious remarks about every small detail made the meeting very unpleasant.
Ses remarques captieuses sur chaque petit détail ont rendu la réunion très désagréable.
C2 verb /rɛtʃ/

retch

bonheur
Meaning
to make the sound and movement of vomiting without bringing anything up
Example
The smell of spoiled food made him retch violently.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher sa joie lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B2 adjective /ˈɡræf.ɪk/

Graphic

graphique; visuel; vif;
Meaning
relating to visual design; vivid; clearly described;
Example
The graphic design was colorful and eye-catching.
Le design graphique était coloré et accrocheur.
C1 adjective /tɛkˈtɑː.nɪk/

tectonic

tectonique
Meaning
Relating to the structure of the earth's crust and the large-scale processes that take place within it.
Example
Tectonic movements cause earthquakes and mountain formation.
Les mouvements tectoniques causent des tremblements de terre et la formation des montagnes.
C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌteɪkər/

undertaker

employé des pompes funèbres
Meaning
A person whose job is to prepare the dead for burial and arrange funerals.
Example
The undertaker prepared the body for the funeral service.
L'employé des pompes funèbres a préparé le corps pour le service funéraire.
B1 noun /ˈref.ər.əns/

Reference

référence
Meaning
the action of mentioning or alluding to something; a source of information
Example
Please provide references to support your research claims.
Veuillez fournir des références pour étayer vos revendications de recherche.
B1 adverb /rɪˈpiː.tɪd.li/

Repeatedly

répétitivement; plusieurs fois
Meaning
again and again; many times over
Example
He repeatedly asked for help with his homework.
Il a demandé de l'aide à plusieurs reprises pour ses devoirs.
C1 noun /ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl ˈfɑː.mɪŋ/

vertical farming

agriculture verticale
Meaning
The practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often incorporating controlled-environment agriculture.
Example
Vertical farming ensures maximum space utilization in urban areas.
L'agriculture verticale garantit une utilisation maximale de l'espace dans les zones urbaines.
A2 noun /ˈkʌpəl/

couple

couple
Meaning
two people or things considered together; a pair
Example
They make a lovely couple and have been married for five years.
Ils forment un couple adorable et sont mariés depuis cinq ans.
C1 adjective bəˈnev.əl.ənt

benevolent

bienveillant, généreux, compatissant
Meaning
Kind, generous, showing goodwill and kindness.
Example
His benevolent nature made him beloved.
Sa nature bienveillante l'a rendu très aimé.
B1 noun /flæʃ/

Flash

éclair; éclat
Meaning
a sudden brief burst of bright light; a very brief moment
Example
There was a bright flash of lightning followed by thunder.
Il y a eu un éclair brillant suivi du tonnerre.
C1 noun /ˈtoʊtəm/

totem

symbole sacré
Meaning
A natural object, animal, or symbol that is revered as a spiritual emblem by a group or tribe.
Example
The eagle is considered a sacred totem in many cultures.
L'aigle est considéré comme un totem sacré dans de nombreuses cultures.
C2 adjective /ˌdɪskəmˈbɑːbjuleɪtɪd/

discombobulated

désorienté
Meaning
confused and disoriented; feeling unsettled
Example
She looked discombobulated after hearing the unexpected news.
Elle avait l'air désorientée après avoir entendu la nouvelle inattendue.
C2 noun/verb /ɡraʊs/

grouse

se plaindre / un type d'oiseau
Meaning
A type of bird; or to complain or grumble persistently.
Example
He always grouses about the long hours at work.
Il se plaint toujours des longues heures de travail.
C1 verb /bæsk/

bask

prendre un bain de soleil
Meaning
to lie in warmth and light; to enjoy something pleasurable
Example
The cat basks in the sunny window.
Le chat prend un bain de soleil dans la fenêtre ensoleillée.
B1 noun /ˈwelˌbiː.ɪŋ/

well-being

bien-être
Meaning
The state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy.
Example
Eye lubrication is crucial for overall well-being.
La lubrification oculaire est cruciale pour le bien-être général.
B1 noun /tuːn/

Tune

mélodie; composition musicale; tonalité musicale
Meaning
a melody or musical composition; correct musical pitch
Example
She hummed a beautiful tune while working in the garden.
Elle fredonnait une belle mélodie tout en travaillant dans le jardin.
C1 noun /ˈnaɪt.hʊd/

knighthood

chevalerie
Meaning
The rank or dignity of a knight, or the ceremony of conferring knighthood.
Example
He was honored with knighthood for his contributions to science.
Il a été honoré avec la chevalerie pour ses contributions à la science.
C2 noun /əˈkʌmpənɪst/

accompanist

accompagnateur
Meaning
A person who plays a musical instrument to support a singer or another musician.
Example
The pianist served as the accompanist for the singer during the concert.
Le pianiste a joué le rôle d'accompagnateur pour le chanteur pendant le concert.
C2 noun /eɪˈklɑː/

eclat

grand succès
Meaning
Brilliant success, acclaim, or great public approval.
Example
The artist's debut performance was met with great éclat.
La première performance de l'artiste a été accueillie avec un grand succès.
C1 noun /ˈpæstər/

pastor

pasteur
Meaning
a minister in charge of a Christian church or congregation
Example
The pastor delivered a heartfelt sermon on compassion.
Le pasteur a prononcé un sermon plein de compassion.
A2 noun /ˈsɪl.vər/

Silver

argent
Meaning
a shiny white precious metal used for making jewelry and ornaments
Example
The silver ring sparkled in the sunlight.
L'anneau en argent scintillait sous la lumière du soleil.
C1 adjective /ˌeɪpəˈlɪtɪkəl/

apolitical

apolitique
Meaning
not interested in or not connected with politics
Example
She prefers to stay apolitical and focus on her work.
Elle préfère rester apolitique et se concentrer sur son travail.
C1 adjective /ˈnɒnʃələnt/

nonchalant

nonchalant
Meaning
Appearing calm, casual, and unconcerned.
Example
He gave a nonchalant shrug and walked away.
Il a haussé les épaules avec nonchalance et s'en est allé.
C2 noun /ˌprɪnsɪˈpæləti/

principality

principauté
Meaning
a state ruled by a prince
Example
Monaco is a famous principality in Europe.
Monaco est une principauté célèbre en Europe.
C1 noun /rɪˌdʒuːvəˈneɪʃən/

rejuvenation

régénération
Meaning
The process of restoring something to a former better state, especially referring to renewing soil fertility or revitalizing agricultural land through various restoration practices.
Example
Rejuvenation of soil is necessary for sustainable agriculture.
La régénération du sol est nécessaire pour une agriculture durable.
B2 adjective /əˈkaʊntəbl/

accountable

responsable
Meaning
Required or expected to justify actions or decisions; responsible.
Example
Staying accountable helps reduce delays.
Rester responsable aide à réduire les retards.
A2 noun /ˈef.ət/

Effort

effort
Meaning
physical or mental activity needed to achieve something
Example
She put a lot of effort into preparing for the final examination.
Elle a mis beaucoup d'effort dans la préparation de l'examen final.
B2 noun /ɪmˈpɒlɪtnəs/

impoliteness

impolitesse
Meaning
lack of good manners or courtesy; rude behavior
Example
His impoliteness towards the guests shocked everyone.
Son impolitesse envers les invités a choqué tout le monde.
A2 noun /ˈlʌɡ.ɪdʒ/

Luggage

bagages
Meaning
suitcases or other bags in which to pack personal belongings for traveling
Example
Please check your luggage at the airport counter.
Veuillez vérifier vos bagages au comptoir de l'aéroport.
B1 noun /ʃɑːrk/

Shark

requin
Meaning
a large marine fish with sharp teeth and a cartilaginous skeleton
Example
The shark is a powerful predator of the ocean.
Le requin est un puissant prédateur de l’océan.
C2 noun /seɪn/

seine

grand filet
Meaning
A large fishing net that hangs vertically in the water.
Example
The fishermen cast their seine into the river.
Les pêcheurs ont jeté leur grand filet dans la rivière.
C2 adjective /əˈluːviəl/

alluvial

alluvial
Meaning
Relating to or derived from alluvium (loose soil or sediment deposited by rivers).
Example
The farmers cultivate crops on the fertile alluvial plains.
Les agriculteurs cultivent des cultures sur les plaines alluviales fertiles.
C2 verb /lɔːd/

laud

louer
Meaning
To praise someone or something highly, especially in public.
Example
The critic lauded the actor's performance as a masterpiece.
Le critique a loué la performance de l'acteur comme un chef-d'œuvre.
C2 noun /pəˈlɛmɪks/

polemics

polémique
Meaning
the art or practice of engaging in controversial debate or dispute
Example
The conference was full of polemics on economic reforms.
La conférence était pleine de polémiques sur les réformes économiques.
C1 noun ˌræʃ.ən.əl.ɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

rationalization

rationalisation
Meaning
The practice of finding reasons for behavior or actions that are not the real reasons.
Example
His rationalization of the mistake was not convincing.
Sa rationalisation de l'erreur n'était pas convaincante.
C2 noun /ɡɜːrθ/

girth

circonférence
Meaning
the measurement around the middle of something, especially a person's waist or a tree trunk
Example
The tree's girth measured nearly five feet.
La circonférence de l'arbre mesurait près de cinq pieds.
B2 adjective /ˈvʌl.ɡər/

Vulgar

vulgaire; grossier; impoli;
Meaning
lacking sophistication or good taste; crude and offensive in language or behavior
Example
His vulgar language offended everyone at the dinner party.
Son langage vulgaire a offensé tout le monde à la fête.
C1 verb /ˈɡɑːbəl/

gobble

engloutir
Meaning
to eat something quickly and greedily
Example
The children gobbled their food in minutes.
Les enfants engloutirent leur nourriture en quelques minutes.
C2 adjective /hɛkˈsæŋɡjələr/

hexangular

hexagonal
Meaning
Having six angles or corners.
Example
The artist designed a hexangular frame for the mirror.
L'artiste a conçu un cadre hexagonal pour le miroir.
B2 noun ˌriːfɔːˈreɪʃən

reforestation

reforestation
Meaning
The natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands that have been depleted.
Example
Reforestation efforts are crucial to restoring ecosystems.
Les efforts de reforestation sont cruciaux pour restaurer les écosystèmes.
B2 verb /rɪˈzɪst/

resist

résister
Meaning
to oppose or fight against; to withstand
Example
He could not resist the temptation.
Il n'a pas pu résister à la tentation.
C1 adjective /ˈtɪərfəl/

Tearful

en larmes; incliné à pleurer
Meaning
expressing or showing sadness and sorrow; inclined to weep
Example
She gave a tearful goodbye to her friends at the airport.
Elle a fait ses adieux en pleurant à ses amis à l'aéroport.
C2 noun /ˈvaɪnəri/

vinery

vignoble
Meaning
A place where vines are cultivated, especially a vineyard or greenhouse for vines.
Example
The old vinery was filled with grapevines.
Le vieux vignoble était rempli de vignes.
C1 noun /əˌtɜːni ˈdʒɛnərəl/

attorney-general

procureur général
Meaning
The chief legal officer of a state or country.
Example
The attorney-general announced new reforms to strengthen justice.
Le procureur général a annoncé de nouvelles réformes pour renforcer la justice.
A2 adjective /ʌnˈlʌki/

Unlucky

malchanceux; de mauvaise chance
Meaning
having bad luck; unfortunate
Example
He was unlucky to miss the winning shot.
Il était malchanceux de manquer le tir gagnant.
C2 verb /bɪˈnʌm/

benumb

engourdir
Meaning
to make physically numb or without sensation; to make mentally dull or insensitive
Example
The freezing wind seemed to benumb his fingers within minutes.
Le vent glacial semblait lui engourdir les doigts en quelques minutes.
B1 verb/noun /haɪk/

hike

randonner / augmentation
Meaning
To take a long walk in the countryside or mountains; also to increase suddenly (prices, rates, etc.).
Example
We decided to hike in the hills this weekend.
Nous avons décidé de faire une randonnée dans les collines ce week-end.
C2 noun /ˌsɪləbɪˈkeɪʃən/

syllabication

syllabation
Meaning
The division of words into syllables.
Example
Proper syllabication helps in correct pronunciation.
Une bonne syllabation aide à une prononciation correcte.
C2 verb /bɪˈfaʊl/

befoul

souiller
Meaning
to make dirty or polluted; to disgrace or corrupt
Example
The factory waste befouled the river.
Les déchets de l’usine ont souillé la rivière.
C2 verb /bɪˈteɪk/

betake

se rendre à; recourir à
Meaning
to go or resort to a place or course of action, especially as a response; to apply oneself
Example
After dinner, she betook herself to her room to read.
Après le dîner, elle se rendit dans sa chambre pour lire.
B2 noun ক্লাইম্যাটিক কন্ডিশন্স

climatic conditions

conditions climatiques
Meaning
The atmospheric or weather patterns of a particular region.
Example
Specific climatic conditions are required for snowfall.
Des conditions climatiques spécifiques sont nécessaires pour les chutes de neige.
B2 adverb /ˈsɛp.ər.ət.li/

separately

séparément
Meaning
in a way that is apart or individually; not together
Example
They decided to travel separately to the conference.
Ils ont décidé de voyager séparément à la conférence.
C1 adjective /ˌsʌb.təˈreɪ.ni.ən/

subterranean

souterrain
Meaning
Existing, occurring, or done under the earth's surface.
Example
Subterranean water sources help sustain agriculture.
Les sources d'eau souterraines aident à soutenir l'agriculture.
C1 noun /ɪˈleɪʃən/

elation

extase
Meaning
A feeling of great happiness and excitement.
Example
His elation was evident after winning the championship.
Son extase était évidente après avoir gagné le championnat.
C1 adjective /ˈbɛndi/

bendy

flexible
Meaning
Easily curved or flexible.
Example
The bendy straw made it easier to drink from the cup.
La paille flexible a facilité la consommation de la boisson.
C1 verb /smɪr/

smear

étaler / diffamer
Meaning
to spread or apply a substance messily; to damage someone's reputation with false or unfair words
Example
The child smeared paint across the wall.
L'enfant a étalé de la peinture sur le mur.
C1 verb /ˈrɛzəneɪt/

resonate

résonner
Meaning
To produce or be filled with a deep, full, and reverberating sound; to evoke a feeling or memory.
Example
Her words resonated with the audience.
Ses mots ont résonné avec le public.
C1 adjective /ˈsliːzi/

sleazy

bas, sale ou de mauvaise qualité
Meaning
morally low, dirty, or cheap in quality
Example
He avoided the sleazy nightclub downtown.
Il a évité le club de nuit sordide en centre-ville.
C1 adjective /ˈkʌlpəbl̩/

culpable

coupable
Meaning
deserving blame or responsibility for a wrongdoing
Example
The judge found him culpable for the accident.
Le juge l'a jugé coupable de l'accident.
C2 adjective /ˈmɒn.teɪn/

montane

relatif aux régions montagneuses; trouvé dans les environnements montagneux
Meaning
Relating to mountainous regions; found in mountain environments.
Example
Montane forests host a variety of unique species.
Les forêts montagnardes abritent une variété d'espèces uniques.
C2 adjective /flɛgˈmæt.ɪk/

phlegmatic

phlegmatique
Meaning
having an unemotional and stolidly calm disposition
Example
Despite the chaos, he remained phlegmatic and composed.
Malgré le chaos, il est resté flégmatique et composé.
C1 noun /ˈhiːdəˌnɪzəm/

hedonism

hédonisme
Meaning
The pursuit of pleasure and self-indulgence as the highest goal.
Example
The lifestyle of the rich is often criticized as pure hedonism.
Le mode de vie des riches est souvent critiqué comme étant un pur hédonisme.
B2 verb /swaɪp/

swipe

balayer
Meaning
to move your finger across a touch screen or to hit with a sweeping motion
Example
He swiped left on the photo.
Il a swipé à gauche sur la photo.
C2 noun /ˌpɛkjʊˈleɪʃən/

peculation

détournement
Meaning
The act of embezzling or stealing money, especially from public funds.
Example
The minister resigned after being accused of peculation.
Le ministre a démissionné après avoir été accusé de détournement.
B1 noun/verb /ˌɡærənˈtiː/

guarantee

garantie
Meaning
a formal promise or assurance, especially about the quality or durability of a product
Example
The company guarantees a refund if the product is faulty.
L'entreprise garantit un remboursement si le produit est défectueux.
A2 noun /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪz/

challenges

défis
Meaning
Difficult tasks or situations that test someone's abilities or resources.
Example
Overcoming challenges is the key to personal growth.
Surmonter les défis est la clé de la croissance personnelle.
C2 noun /ˈkreɪniəm/

cranium

crâne
Meaning
the skull, especially the part enclosing the brain
Example
The archaeologists carefully examined the ancient cranium.
Les archéologues ont soigneusement examiné le crâne ancien.
A1 adjective /koʊld/

Cold

froid; glacé; distant;
Meaning
having a low temperature; lacking warmth; unfriendly
Example
The cold winter wind made everyone shiver.
Le vent froid de l'hiver a fait frissonner tout le monde.
A2 adjective /ɡriːk/

greek

Grec (relatif à la Grèce)
Meaning
relating to Greece, its people, or its language
Example
We enjoyed delicious Greek food at the restaurant.
Nous avons dégusté de la délicieuse cuisine grecque au restaurant.
B2 noun /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk ˈsɪs.təm/

economic system

système économique
Meaning
The organized framework for production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in society.
Example
Capitalism, socialism, and mixed economies are types of economic systems.
Le capitalisme, le socialisme et les économies mixtes sont des types de systèmes économiques.
B2 noun /ˈpesɪˌmɪzəm/

pessimism

pessimisme
Meaning
A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe the worst will happen.
Example
Her constant pessimism made it hard to stay optimistic.
Son pessimisme constant rendait difficile de rester optimiste.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈlɪdʒəs/

irreligious

irréligieux
Meaning
Indifferent or hostile to religion
Example
Some people in the community consider him irreligious because he never attends religious services.
Certaines personnes dans la communauté le considèrent comme irréligieux car il ne va jamais aux services religieux.
C1 noun/adjective /ˈmɪriəd/

myriad

innombrable
Meaning
a countless or extremely great number
Example
There are myriad stars in the night sky.
Il y a d'innombrables étoiles dans le ciel nocturne.
A2 noun /ˈhɛdeɪk/

headache

mal de tête
Meaning
a continuous pain in the head; something that causes worry or difficulty
Example
Too much screen time can give you a terrible headache.
Trop de temps d'écran peut vous donner un terrible mal de tête.
C2 noun /ˈreɪləri/

raillery

moqueries amicales
Meaning
good-humored teasing or joking
Example
Their friendship was full of light-hearted raillery.
Leur amitié était pleine de railleries légères.
C2 noun /θiˈɒkrəsi/

theocracy

théocratie
Meaning
A system of government in which priests or religious leaders rule in the name of God or a deity.
Example
The country was governed as a theocracy where religious leaders had supreme authority.
Le pays était gouverné comme une théocratie où les dirigeants religieux avaient l'autorité suprême.
B2 noun/adjective /kənˈstɪtʃuənt/

constituent

composant / électeur
Meaning
Noun: A member of a constituency or an essential part of something. Adjective: Being a necessary part of a whole.
Example
The senator met with his constituents to discuss local issues.
Le sénateur a rencontré ses électeurs pour discuter des problèmes locaux.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈækjərət/

Inaccurate

incorrect; erroné; faux
Meaning
not correct; containing errors; wrong
Example
The weather forecast was inaccurate yesterday.
La prévision météorologique était incorrecte hier.
C1 noun /ˈəʊ.nəs/

onus

responsabilité
Meaning
A duty or responsibility, especially a heavy one.
Example
The onus is on the government to provide relief to the victims.
La responsabilité incombe au gouvernement de fournir de l'aide aux victimes.
A2 adjective ˈmed.ɪ.kəl

medical

médical
Meaning
Relating to the practice of medicine or the treatment of illness and injuries.
Example
Medical education has improved significantly.
L'éducation médicale s'est considérablement améliorée.
B2 noun /ˈkɒmɜːs/

commerce

commerce
Meaning
the activity of buying and selling goods and services
Example
International commerce has expanded significantly in recent years.
Le commerce international a considérablement augmenté ces dernières années.
A2 noun ˈkæm.pɪŋ

camping

camping
Meaning
Living outdoors temporarily, especially for recreation; staying in a tent or similar shelter.
Example
Many families go camping during holidays.
De nombreuses familles font du camping pendant les vacances.
B1 noun /ˈpɔːtrət/

portrait

portrait
Meaning
a painting, drawing, photograph, or engraving of a person, especially one showing the face
Example
The artist painted a beautiful portrait of his wife.
L'artiste a peint un beau portrait de sa femme.
C1 verb; noun /beltʃ/

belch

roter
Meaning
to expel air noisily from the stomach through the mouth; to emit or pour out suddenly and forcefully
Example
After drinking the soda, he belched loudly.
Après avoir bu le soda, il a roté bruyamment.
B2 verb /rɪˈkleɪm/

reclaim

récupérer
Meaning
To take back or recover something; to restore to a usable state.
Example
The farmer worked to reclaim the barren land.
Le fermier a travaillé pour récupérer la terre stérile.
C1 noun ˈkætəlɪst

catalyst

catalyseur
Meaning
A person or thing that precipitates an event or change.
Example
His speech acted as a catalyst for change in the community.
Son discours a agi comme un catalyseur pour le changement dans la communauté.
B2 adjective ˈeθ.ɪ.kəl

ethical

éthique
Meaning
Relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.
Example
Ethical considerations guide decisions.
Les considérations éthiques guident les décisions.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɛptɪv/

receptive

réceptif
Meaning
Willing to listen to or accept new ideas, suggestions, or experiences.
Example
She was receptive to feedback from her colleagues.
Elle était réceptive aux commentaires de ses collègues.
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrvjuː/

purview

domaine
Meaning
the scope or range of authority, responsibility, or knowledge
Example
The case does not fall within the purview of this court.
L'affaire ne relève pas de la compétence de ce tribunal.
B1 noun ˈiːˌkɒm.ɜːrs

e-commerce

commerce en ligne
Meaning
The process of buying and selling goods or services through the internet.
Example
E-commerce has revolutionized the way people shop.
Le commerce en ligne a révolutionné la façon dont les gens font leurs achats.
C1 verb /ˈmʌd.əl/

muddle

mettre en désordre
Meaning
to mix things up in a confused way or to make a mess of something
Example
He muddled the papers and couldn’t find the report.
Il a mis en désordre les papiers et n'a pas pu trouver le rapport.
C2 adjective /ˌɪmpɪˈkjuːniəs/

impecunious

pauvre
Meaning
Having little or no money; poor.
Example
He grew up in an impecunious family.
Il a grandi dans une famille pauvre.
C1 noun /ˈtem.pɪst/

Tempest

tempête
Meaning
a violent storm with strong winds; a state of great disturbance or tumult
Example
The sailors struggled to navigate through the fierce tempest.
Les marins ont lutté pour naviguer à travers la tempête furieuse.
C1 adjective /pəˈnʌltɪmət/

penultimate

avant-dernier
Meaning
second to the last in a sequence or series
Example
She finished the penultimate chapter before going to sleep.
Elle a terminé le avant-dernier chapitre avant d'aller dormir.
B2 noun ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl ˈbæləns

ecological balance

équilibre écologique
Meaning
A state of dynamic equilibrium within a community of organisms.
Example
Maintaining ecological balance is essential for a sustainable planet.
Maintenir l'équilibre écologique est essentiel pour une planète durable.
C1 noun /moʊld/

Mould

moule / moisissure
Meaning
a hollow container used to give shape to molten material; fungus
Example
She poured chocolate into the mould to make candies.
Elle a versé du chocolat dans le moule pour fabriquer des bonbons.
C2 noun /skɪf/

skiff

petit bateau
Meaning
a small, light boat usually for one person
Example
The fisherman paddled his skiff across the lake.
Le pêcheur a pagayé son petit bateau à travers le lac.
B2 noun /treɪt/

Trait

caractéristique
Meaning
a distinguishing quality or characteristic of a person; an inherited feature
Example
Patience is an important trait for anyone working with children.
La patience est une caractéristique importante pour toute personne travaillant avec des enfants.
B1 noun ruːlz ənd ˌrɛɡjʊˈleɪʃənz

rules and regulations

règles et règlements
Meaning
Official orders and laws that control how something is done.
Example
Rules and regulations alone cannot change attitudes.
Les règles et les règlements à eux seuls ne peuvent pas changer les attitudes.
C2 adjective /ˌaɪsəʊˈθɜːrməl/

isothermal

isotherme
Meaning
Having or maintaining equal or constant temperature.
Example
The experiment was conducted under isothermal conditions.
L'expérience a été réalisée dans des conditions isothermes.
B2 noun /kəˈmɪʃənər/

commissioner

commissaire
Meaning
an official in charge of a particular department or area
Example
The police commissioner addressed the media about the incident.
Le commissaire de police a informé les médias à propos de l'incident.
A1 noun /ˈaʊər/

hour

heure
Meaning
A period of time equal to 60 minutes.
Example
The meeting lasted for two hours.
La réunion a duré deux heures.
B1 noun /ˈkɒstjuːm/

costume

costume
Meaning
a set of clothes worn to represent a particular character, culture, or occasion
Example
She wore a beautiful costume for the Halloween party.
Elle a porté un magnifique costume pour la fête d'Halloween.
C2 noun /əˈmʊr/

amour

amour secret
Meaning
A secret or illicit love affair.
Example
The novel tells the story of a forbidden amour between two characters.
Le roman raconte l'histoire d'un amour interdit entre deux personnages.
C1 noun, verb /ˈkɒmjuːn/

commune

commune / communiquer intimement
Meaning
Noun: a group of people living together and sharing possessions; Verb: to share one's thoughts or feelings intimately.
Example
She went to the countryside to commune with nature.
Elle est allée à la campagne pour communier avec la nature.
C1 noun /ˈæbət/

abbot

abbé
Meaning
The head of a monastery for monks.
Example
The abbot welcomed the visitors to the monastery.
L'abbé a accueilli les visiteurs au monastère.
A2 adjective /kənˈfjuːzd/

confused

confus
Meaning
unable to think clearly; uncertain or puzzled
Example
She felt confused by the complicated instructions.
Elle se sentait confuse à cause des instructions compliquées.
B2 adjective /ˈæfluənt/

affluent

aisé
Meaning
having a great deal of money; wealthy
Example
She grew up in an affluent neighborhood.
Elle a grandi dans un quartier aisé.
C1 noun ˌɪnfɛsˈteɪʃən

infestation

infestation, présence anormalement élevée d'insectes ou d'animaux dans un endroit
Meaning
The presence of an unusually large number of insects or animals in a place, causing damage or disease.
Example
The infestation of ants in the kitchen led to immediate pest control measures.
L'infestation de fourmis dans la cuisine a conduit à des mesures immédiates de contrôle des nuisibles.
B2 noun /maɪˈɡreɪʃən/

migration

migration
Meaning
the movement of people or animals from one place to another, often for better living conditions or seasonal reasons
Example
The annual migration of birds is a fascinating natural event.
La migration annuelle des oiseaux est un événement naturel fascinant.