laudatory
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C2 adjective /ˈlɔːdəˌtɔːri/

laudatory

élogieux
Meaning
Expressing praise or admiration.
Example
She wrote a laudatory review of the new book.
Elle a écrit une critique élogieuse du nouveau livre.
C2 noun/verb /ˈkʌdʒ.əl/

cudgel

matraque
Meaning
A short, thick stick used as a weapon; to beat with a cudgel.
Example
The guard used a cudgel to chase away the thief.
Le garde a utilisé une matraque pour chasser le voleur.
C2 adjective /pərˈsuːənt/

pursuant

conformément
Meaning
in accordance with or following something, especially a law or rule
Example
The decision was made pursuant to the regulations.
La décision a été prise conformément aux règlements.
C2 noun /ˌɪn.təˈvɛn.ʃə.nɪ.zəm/

interventionism

interventionnisme
Meaning
Government policy of active involvement in economic affairs.
Example
The central bank's interventionism helped stabilize inflation.
L'interventionnisme de la banque centrale a aidé à stabiliser l'inflation.
A2 verb /ˈkænsəl/

cancel

annuler
Meaning
to decide that something planned will not take place
Example
The flight was canceled due to heavy rain.
Le vol a été annulé en raison de fortes pluies.
B1 noun /ˈwiːltʃeər/

wheelchair

fauteuil roulant
Meaning
a chair with wheels, used by people who cannot walk easily or at all
Example
The hospital provided a wheelchair for the injured patient.
L'hôpital a fourni un fauteuil roulant pour le patient blessé.
B2 adverb /bɪˈfɔːr.hænd/

Beforehand

à l'avance; auparavant; avant
Meaning
in advance; ahead of time; earlier
Example
We prepared everything beforehand.
Nous avons tout préparé à l'avance.
C1 noun /ˈkɪŋ.fɪʃ.ər/

King-Fisher

martin-pêcheur
Meaning
a small bird with bright blue and orange feathers that catches fish by diving into water
Example
The colorful kingfisher dove into the pond to catch a fish.
Le martinet coloré plongea dans l'étang pour attraper un poisson.
C1 adjective /ˈstrɛnjuəs/

strenuous

ardu
Meaning
Requiring or using great effort and energy.
Example
Climbing the mountain was a strenuous task.
Grimper la montagne était une tâche ardue.
B2 noun /plæˈtoʊ/

plateau

plateau, zone plate élevée, période de peu de changement
Meaning
an elevated flat area of land or a period of little change
Example
After months of growth, sales reached a plateau.
Après des mois de croissance, les ventes ont atteint un plateau.
B2 noun ˈmoʊ.baɪl sɪˈkjʊr.ə.ti

mobile security

sécurité mobile
Meaning
Protection of mobile devices and the data stored on them from security threats.
Example
Strong mobile security protects personal information.
Une sécurité mobile forte protège les informations personnelles.
B1 noun ˌɔː.ɡən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃənz

organizations

organisations
Meaning
Organized groups of people with a particular purpose
Example
Organizations play a key role in policymaking.
Les organisations jouent un rôle clé dans l'élaboration des politiques.
B1 noun ɪˈməʊʃənz

emotions

émotions
Meaning
Strong feelings deriving from one's circumstances, mood, or relationships with others.
Example
Emotions ran high during the protests.
Les émotions étaient fortes pendant les manifestations.
C2 noun /ˈænɪməs/

animus

hostilité / but
Meaning
A strong feeling of hostility; motivation or purpose behind an action.
Example
His speech was driven by animus against the policy.
Son discours était motivé par l'hostilité envers la politique.
C2 noun /ˈdɛftnəs/

deftness

dextérité
Meaning
Skillfulness and quickness in action or thought.
Example
Her deftness with words impressed the audience.
Sa dextérité avec les mots a impressionné le public.
C1 verb /diːˈfɒrɪst/

deforest

déboiser
Meaning
to clear an area of trees, usually on a large scale
Example
The region has been heavily deforested for agriculture.
La région a été fortement déboisée pour l'agriculture.
C2 noun /ˈpɛtrəˌɡræf/

petrograph

description des roches
Meaning
a description or representation of rocks, especially in detailed scientific writing
Example
The scientist studied the petrograph to understand the rock composition.
Le scientifique a étudié le pétrographe pour comprendre la composition de la roche.
B1 adjective /ˈtrɪki/

Tricky

difficile; astucieux; trompeur
Meaning
requiring skill or careful handling; difficult to deal with
Example
This math problem is quite tricky to solve.
Ce problème de mathématiques est assez difficile à résoudre.
A2 noun /kɔɪnz/

coins

pièces de monnaie
Meaning
Flat, typically round pieces of metal issued by a government as money.
Example
He collected old coins from different countries.
Il a collecté des pièces de monnaie anciennes provenant de différents pays.
B1 noun /ˈtʃær.ɪ.ti/

Charity

charité; générosité; altruisme
Meaning
the voluntary giving of help to those in need; kindness and tolerance in judging others
Example
The wealthy businessman donated millions to charity for education.
Le riche homme d'affaires a donné des millions à la charité pour l'éducation.
C1 noun /ˈmʌs.tərd siːdz/

Mustard seeds

graines de moutarde
Meaning
small round seeds from the mustard plant, used as a spice and for making mustard condiment
Example
Mustard seeds are often tempered in hot oil to release their nutty flavor before adding to dishes.
Les graines de moutarde sont souvent tempérées dans de l'huile chaude pour libérer leur saveur de noisette avant d'être ajoutées aux plats.
B2 noun ˌrɛvəˈluːʃən

revolution

révolution
Meaning
A forcible overthrow of a government or social order, in favor of a new system.
Example
The story is set during the French Revolution.
L'histoire se déroule pendant la Révolution Française.
C1 noun /skwɔːl/

squall

rafale
Meaning
a sudden violent gust of wind, often accompanied by rain, snow, or sleet
Example
A sudden squall caught the sailors off guard.
Une rafale soudaine a surpris les marins.
A1 noun /ˈɡrændˌmʌðər/

grandmother

grand-mère
Meaning
the mother of one's father or mother
Example
My grandmother makes delicious cakes.
Ma grand-mère fait des gâteaux délicieux.
C1 verb /ˈlɛdʒɪsˌleɪt/

legislate

légiférer
Meaning
to make or enact laws
Example
The government plans to legislate new safety standards.
Le gouvernement prévoit de légiférer de nouvelles normes de sécurité.
C1 noun /ˈʃæsi/

chassis

châssis du véhicule
Meaning
the base frame of a vehicle or other wheeled machine
Example
The mechanic examined the car's chassis for damage.
Le mécanicien a examiné le châssis de la voiture pour détecter des dommages.
A2 noun ˌtræn.spɔːrˈteɪ.ʃən

Transportation

transport
Meaning
The movement of people or goods from one place to another.
Example
Efficient transportation reduces costs.
Le transport efficace réduit les coûts.
C1 noun /djuːˈɛt/

duet

duo
Meaning
a musical performance by two singers or instrumentalists
Example
They sang a beautiful duet together on stage.
Ils ont chanté un magnifique duo ensemble sur scène.
A2 verb /klaɪm/

climb

grimper
Meaning
to go up using hands and feet; to ascend
Example
We decided to climb the mountain.
Nous avons décidé de gravir la montagne.
C1 noun /ˈænərki/

anarchy

anarchie
Meaning
a state of disorder due to the absence or failure of government or authority
Example
The collapse of the regime led to anarchy in the streets.
L'effondrement du régime a conduit à l'anarchie dans les rues.
C2 verb /məˈmɔːriəlaɪz/

memorialize

commémorer
Meaning
to preserve the memory of a person or event, often through a ceremony, monument, or record
Example
The city decided to memorialize the hero with a statue in the central square.
La ville a décidé de commémorer le héros avec une statue sur la place centrale.
C2 verb /ˌdɪskəˈmoʊd/

discommode

déranger
Meaning
To cause inconvenience or trouble to someone.
Example
I hope my request does not discommode you.
J'espère que ma demande ne vous dérangera pas.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒn.keɪv/

concave

concave
Meaning
curved inward like the inside of a bowl
Example
The mirror had a concave surface that magnified her reflection.
Le miroir avait une surface concave qui grossissait son reflet.
C2 adjective /ˈtjuːtɪləri/

tutelary

tutélaire
Meaning
Relating to or serving as a guardian or protector, often used for deities or spirits.
Example
Athena was considered the tutelary goddess of Athens.
Athéna était considérée comme la déesse tutélaire d'Athènes.
A2 verb /kəmˈpleɪn/

complain

se plaindre
Meaning
to express dissatisfaction or annoyance about something
Example
He often complains about the noise in the neighborhood.
Il se plaint souvent du bruit dans le quartier.
B2 noun /ˌɪnstəˈbɪləti/

instability

instabilité
Meaning
lack of stability or balance; tendency to change, fail, or collapse easily
Example
Political instability has slowed economic growth in the region.
L’instabilité politique a ralenti la croissance économique de la région.
A1 adverb /ˈɔːfən/

often

souvent
Meaning
frequently, many times
Example
I often visit my grandparents on weekends.
Je visite souvent mes grands-parents le week-end.
C1 noun /ˈdʒækˌfruːt/

Jackfruit

jackfruit
Meaning
a large tropical fruit with a spiky exterior and sweet flesh inside
Example
The jackfruit is the largest tree fruit in the world.
Le jackfruit est le plus grand fruit d'arbre du monde.
B2 noun ˈkwəʊ.tə

quota

quota
Meaning
A limited or fixed number or amount of people or things, in particular.
Example
The quota reform was a key demand.
La réforme de la quota était une demande clé.
C2 verb /ˈæd.l̩/

addle

embrouiller
Meaning
To confuse or muddle someone’s mind.
Example
The complicated instructions only served to addle him.
Les instructions compliquées n'ont servi qu'à le rendre confus.
B2 noun /ˈwɒr.i.ər/

Warrior

guerrier; combattant courageux ou expérimenté
Meaning
a person who fights in battles; a brave or experienced fighter
Example
The brave warrior defended his village from the invaders.
Le guerrier courageux a défendu son village contre les envahisseurs.
C2 noun /ˌkəʊ.əˈles.əns/

coalescence

coalescence, fusion
Meaning
The process of coming together to form one mass or whole.
Example
The coalescence of different cultures creates diversity.
La coalescence de différentes cultures crée de la diversité.
B2 adjective /əˈbjuːsɪv/

abusive

abusif / verbal ou physique dommageable
Meaning
extremely offensive or insulting; involving physical or verbal harm
Example
She left her job because of her abusive boss.
Elle a quitté son travail à cause de son patron abusif.
B1 adjective /dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/

disgusting

dégoûtant
Meaning
extremely unpleasant or offensive; causing strong dislike or revulsion
Example
The smell coming from the trash can was absolutely disgusting.
L'odeur venant de la poubelle était absolument dégoûtante.
C1 noun /əˈpærəl/

apparel

vêtements
Meaning
Clothing, especially formal or special clothes.
Example
The store specializes in wedding apparel.
Le magasin se spécialise dans les vêtements de mariage.
B1 adjective /kənˈtroʊld/

controlled

contrôlé
Meaning
managed or regulated carefully; kept within limits
Example
The experiment was conducted in a controlled environment.
L'expérience a été menée dans un environnement contrôlé.
C2 noun /ˈhoʊʒəri/

hosiery

chaussettes et vêtements pour les jambes
Meaning
Stockings, socks, and other knitted clothing for the legs and feet.
Example
She bought new hosiery for the winter season.
Elle a acheté de nouveaux bas pour la saison hivernale.
C2 noun /ˈmædrɪɡəl/

madrigal

madrigal
Meaning
A short, lyrical poem set to music, typically from the Renaissance period.
Example
The choir performed a beautiful madrigal from the 16th century.
Le chœur a interprété un magnifique madrigal du XVIe siècle.
C2 noun /lɪnt/

lint

peluche
Meaning
small soft fibers that come off cloth, often found in dryers or on clothes
Example
There was lint all over his black shirt after the wash.
Il y avait de la peluche sur sa chemise noire après le lavage.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈvɪz.ə.bəl/

Invisible

invisible
Meaning
unable to be seen; not visible to the eye
Example
The bacteria are invisible without a microscope.
Les bactéries sont invisibles sans un microscope.
B2 noun /bɑnd/

Bond

lien; obligation
Meaning
a close connection joining two or more people; a certificate of debt issued by a government or corporation
Example
The strong bond between the mother and child was evident.
Le lien fort entre la mère et l'enfant était évident.
B2 verb /ˈtɛstəfaɪ/

testify

témoigner
Meaning
to make a statement or declaration under oath or to give evidence
Example
She was called to testify in court about the accident.
Elle a été appelée à témoigner au tribunal sur l'accident.
B2 noun/verb /preɪ/

prey

proie
Meaning
an animal hunted by another for food; to hunt and feed on
Example
Lions prey on zebras in the wild.
Les lions chassent les zèbres dans la nature.
C2 noun /dɪˌlæpɪˈdeɪʃən/

dilapidation

dilapidation
Meaning
The state of disrepair or ruin as a result of neglect.
Example
The old temple was in a state of dilapidation.
Le vieux temple était dans un état de dilapidation.
C1 noun /ˌdaɪəˈrɑːmə/

diorama

diorama
Meaning
a three-dimensional model representing a scene, often with miniature figures
Example
The museum displayed a diorama of an ancient village.
Le musée a exposé un diorama d'un village ancien.
C1 adjective /ˈprɛdəˌtɔri/

predatory

prédateur/exploitant
Meaning
Relating to animals that prey on others; exploiting or victimizing others for personal gain.
Example
The predatory bird swooped down on its prey.
L'oiseau prédateur s'est précipité sur sa proie.
A2 noun reɪndʒ

range

portée
Meaning
The extent or scope of something; the distance that can be covered or the limits within which something operates.
Example
The new electric car has a range of 400 miles.
La nouvelle voiture électrique a une portée de 400 miles.
A2 noun /ˈdʌzən/

dozen

douzaine
Meaning
a group of twelve
Example
She bought a dozen eggs from the market.
Elle a acheté une douzaine d'œufs au marché.
C1 noun /ˈæntlɚ/

antler

corne de cerf
Meaning
The branched horns on the head of a deer or similar animal, usually shed and regrown annually.
Example
The deer’s antlers grew larger each year.
Les cornes de cerf devenaient plus grandes chaque année.
C1 adjective /ˈboʊɡəs/

bogus

faux
Meaning
false, fake, or not genuine
Example
The police arrested him for using a bogus ID card.
La police l'a arrêté pour avoir utilisé une fausse carte d'identité.
B2 noun /ɪnˈspɛktər/

inspector

inspecteur
Meaning
An official employed to ensure regulations are obeyed or standards are met.
Example
The inspector carefully checked the restaurant's kitchen for hygiene standards.
L'inspecteur a soigneusement vérifié la cuisine du restaurant pour les normes d'hygiène.
C2 noun /ˌdʒer.ɪˈmaɪ.æd/

Jeremiad

complainte prolongée; lamentation; liste de malheurs
Meaning
a long mournful complaint or lamentation; a list of woes; a prolonged expression of grief
Example
The newspaper editorial was a jeremiad about the decline of moral values in society.
L'éditorial du journal était un jeremiad sur le déclin des valeurs morales dans la société.
C1 adjective /ˌret.rəˈspek.tɪv/

Retrospective

rétrospective
Meaning
looking back on or dealing with past events or situations
Example
The museum held a retrospective exhibition of the artist's work.
Le musée a organisé une exposition rétrospective de l'œuvre de l'artiste.
A2 adjective /mæd/

Mad

en colère; mentalement malade; fou
Meaning
angry; mentally ill; insane
Example
He was mad at his friend for being late.
Il était en colère contre son ami pour être en retard.
B2 adjective ˈpeɪn.ləs

painless

sans douleur
Meaning
Not causing pain; involving little effort or stress.
Example
Modern methods ensure painless treatment.
Les méthodes modernes assurent un traitement sans douleur.
C1 noun /ɪˈrɛlɪvənsi/

irrelevancy

irrélevance
Meaning
the state of being unrelated or unimportant to the matter at hand
Example
The judge dismissed the argument because of its irrelevancy to the case.
Le juge a rejeté l’argument en raison de son irrélevance pour l’affaire.
C1 noun ænˈtɪk.wə.ti

antiquity

antiquité
Meaning
The ancient past, especially the period of classical and other human civilizations before the Middle Ages.
Example
The ruins are a reminder of the city's antiquity.
Les ruines sont un rappel de l'antiquité de la ville.
B1 adverb /səˈpraɪzɪŋli/

surprisingly

surprenamment
Meaning
in a way that causes surprise or amazement
Example
Surprisingly, she finished the entire project in just one day.
Surprenamment, elle a terminé tout le projet en un jour.
C2 adjective /dæŋk/

dank

humide et froid
Meaning
unpleasantly damp and cold
Example
The basement was dark and dank, filled with a musty smell.
Le sous-sol était sombre et humide, rempli d'une odeur nauséabonde.
C2 noun /ˈsɛntɔːr/

centaur

centaure
Meaning
A mythological creature with the upper body of a human and the lower body of a horse.
Example
The centaur is a well-known figure in Greek mythology.
Le centaure est une figure bien connue de la mythologie grecque.
C2 adjective /ˈæmbjələˌtɔːri/

ambulatory

ambulatoire
Meaning
Relating to or able to walk; relating to outpatient medical care.
Example
The patient is ambulatory and does not require bed rest.
Le patient est ambulatoire et n'a pas besoin de repos au lit.
B2 adjective /ˈkjuːbən/

cuban

cubain
Meaning
relating to Cuba, its people, or its culture
Example
We enjoyed delicious Cuban coffee at the café.
Nous avons apprécié un délicieux café cubain au café.
A2 adverb, conjunction /haʊˈɛvər/

however

cependant
Meaning
used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or seems to contradict something previously said
Example
The journey was long; however, it was enjoyable.
Le voyage était long; cependant, il était agréable.
C1 verb /skʌf/

scuff

griffer
Meaning
to mark or scratch the surface of something by rubbing
Example
He scuffed his shoes on the pavement.
Il a griffé ses chaussures sur le trottoir.
B2 noun /ɔː/

awe

émerveillement
Meaning
a feeling of deep respect mixed with fear or wonder
Example
The children looked at the fireworks in awe.
Les enfants regardaient les feux d'artifice avec émerveillement.
B2 adjective ˈaɪsəˌleɪtɪd

isolated

isolé
Meaning
Alone or separated from others; having little or no contact with other people.
Example
Technological advancements often leave people isolated.
Les progrès technologiques isolent souvent les gens.
B2 adjective /ˌmiː.diˈiː.vəl/

medieval

médiéval
Meaning
Relating to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from about the 5th to the 15th century.
Example
The castle is a famous medieval monument.
Le château est un monument médiéval célèbre.
B2 adverb /ˈtaɪtli/

Tightly

ferme; étroitement
Meaning
in a tight manner; firmly; securely
Example
Hold the rope tightly so you don't fall.
Tenez la corde fermement pour ne pas tomber.
C1 adverb /ˌʌnkənˈvɛnʃənəli/

unconventionally

de manière non conventionnelle
Meaning
in a way that is not based on or conforming to accepted standards or norms
Example
She dresses unconventionally, mixing bold colors and patterns that surprise everyone.
Elle s'habille de manière non conventionnelle, mélangeant des couleurs et des motifs audacieux qui surprennent tout le monde.
B2 noun /ˈloʊ.təs/

Lotus

lotus
Meaning
a large water flower that floats on the surface of ponds and lakes
Example
The lotus flower blooms beautifully in the quiet pond.
La fleur de lotus fleurit magnifiquement dans l’étang calme.
A2 noun /ˈdaɪnɪŋ/

dining

dîner
Meaning
the act of eating a meal, especially in a formal setting
Example
We enjoyed fine dining at the new restaurant.
Nous avons apprécié un dîner gastronomique dans le nouveau restaurant.
B2 adjective /ˈpʌz.lɪŋ/

Puzzling

déroutant
Meaning
confusing; perplexing;
Example
The scientist found the results puzzling.
Le scientifique a trouvé les résultats déroutants.
A2 noun /ruːlz/

rules

règles
Meaning
explicit principles or regulations governing conduct or procedure within a particular area of activity
Example
The teacher reminded the students to follow the classroom rules.
Le professeur a rappelé aux élèves de suivre les règles de la classe.
C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

usurpation d'identité
Meaning
The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.
Example
Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.
L'usurpation d'identité en ligne est un crime informatique grave.
A1 modal verb /ʃʊd/

should

devrait
Meaning
used to indicate obligation or duty
Example
You should study for your exams.
Tu devrais étudier pour tes examens.
C1 adjective /ˈbaʊn.tɪ.fəl/

bountiful

abondant / généreux
Meaning
Large in quantity; abundant; generous in giving.
Example
The farmer was grateful for the bountiful harvest.
Le fermier était reconnaissant pour la récolte abondante.
B1 verb /əˈdæpt/

adapt

adapter
Meaning
to adjust or change something to suit new conditions or situations
Example
He quickly adapted to the new environment.
Il s'est rapidement adapté à son nouvel environnement.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpʌlʃən/

impulsion

impulsion
Meaning
a strong urge or drive to act; the act of impelling
Example
His impulsion to travel made him leave his job suddenly.
Son impulsion de voyager l'a poussé à quitter son travail soudainement.
B2 noun /ˌkɒrəˈspɒndənt/

correspondent

correspondant
Meaning
A journalist who reports news from a particular place or on a particular subject.
Example
The foreign correspondent reported live from Paris.
Le correspondant étranger a rapporté en direct depuis Paris.
C1 noun /hɔːrd/

horde

horde
Meaning
A large group or crowd, especially one that is disorderly or difficult to control.
Example
A horde of fans gathered outside the stadium.
Une horde de fans s'est rassemblée devant le stade.
C1 verb ˈsɪn.ɚ.dʒaɪz

synergize

synergiser, combiner de manière à améliorer l'efficacité.
Meaning
combine in such a way as to enhance effectiveness.
Example
The departments must synergize to improve efficiency.
Les départements doivent synergie pour améliorer l'efficacité.
B1 noun /ˈreɪn.dɪər/

Reindeer

rénne
Meaning
a large deer with branched horns that lives in cold northern areas
Example
Santa's reindeer pulled his sleigh across the sky.
Le renne du Père Noël a tiré son traîneau à travers le ciel.
C2 adjective /ˈmʌsti/

musty

moisi, moisissure ou odeur humide
Meaning
having a stale, moldy, or damp smell
Example
The old books had a musty odor.
Les vieux livres avaient une odeur de moisi.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpruː.dəns/

Imprudence

imprudence; négligence; témérité
Meaning
the quality of being imprudent; lack of care for consequences; recklessness
Example
His financial imprudence led to bankruptcy within just two years.
Son imprudence financière a conduit à la faillite en seulement deux ans.
C1 adjective /ɔːlˈmaɪ.ti/

Almighty

tout-puissant
Meaning
having unlimited power; omnipotent
Example
The almighty storm destroyed everything in its path.
La tempête tout-puissante a détruit tout sur son passage.
B2 noun /ˌmɛdɪˈteɪʃən/

meditation

méditation
Meaning
The practice of focusing the mind to achieve calmness, clarity, or spiritual growth.
Example
She practices meditation every morning to start her day peacefully.
Elle pratique la méditation chaque matin pour commencer sa journée en paix.
C2 noun /haɪˈdrɒmɪtər/

hydrometer

hydromètre
Meaning
An instrument used to measure the density or specific gravity of liquids.
Example
The brewer used a hydrometer to test the sugar content of the solution.
Le brasseur a utilisé un hydromètre pour tester la teneur en sucre de la solution.
C1 noun /rɪˈvɒl.vər/

Revolver

révolver
Meaning
a pistol with revolving chambers enabling several shots to be fired without reloading
Example
The detective drew his revolver from its holster.
Le détective a sorti son revolver de son étui.
A1 noun /fəʊn/

phone

téléphone
Meaning
a device for communication, typically used to make calls or send messages
Example
I need to charge my phone.
J'ai besoin de charger mon téléphone.
C2 noun /ˌkɒnvəˈluːʃən/

convolution

convolution, courbe complexe ou structure
Meaning
a twist, coil, or a complex and intricate shape or arrangement
Example
The brain has many convolutions that increase its surface area.
Le cerveau a de nombreuses convolutions qui augmentent sa surface.
B1 adverb /praɪˈmɛrɪli/

primarily

principalement
Meaning
for the most part; mainly
Example
She is primarily responsible for managing the finances.
Elle est principalement responsable de la gestion des finances.
C1 adverb /ˈaʊtwədli/

Outwardly

extérieurement; en apparence;
Meaning
on the surface; externally; in appearance
Example
Outwardly, he seemed calm, but inside he was nervous.
Extérieurement, il semblait calme, mais à l'intérieur, il était nerveux.
C2 noun /pʌɡˈnæsɪti/

pugnacity

pugnacité
Meaning
A natural disposition to be combative or aggressive.
Example
The coach admired the player's pugnacity on the field.
L'entraîneur admirait la pugnacité du joueur sur le terrain.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌbɛər/

forebear

ancêtre
Meaning
An ancestor, especially one who lived a long time ago.
Example
He often speaks of his forebears with great respect.
Il parle souvent de ses ancêtres avec beaucoup de respect.
C1 noun /ˈtaɪ.ɡrəs/

Tigress

tigresse
Meaning
an adult female tiger
Example
The powerful tigress hunted silently through the jungle.
La tigresse puissante chassait silencieusement à travers la jungle.
C1 noun ˌsʌb.sɪ.dɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

subsidization

subvention
Meaning
Financial assistance provided by government to make certain goods or services more affordable.
Example
Subsidization of agriculture helps farmers maintain crop production.
La subvention à l'agriculture aide les agriculteurs à maintenir la production des récoltes.
C2 adjective /ˌsuːprəˈmʌndeɪn/

supramundane

supramondain
Meaning
beyond the physical or ordinary world; transcendent
Example
The monk spoke of supramundane peace beyond material life.
Le moine a parlé de la paix supramondaine au-delà de la vie matérielle.
C1 verb /ˈʌndərkʌt/

undercut

sous-coter, affaiblir
Meaning
to sell at a lower price than a competitor; to weaken or undermine something
Example
The company tried to undercut its rivals by offering lower prices.
L'entreprise a tenté d'undercut ses rivaux en offrant des prix plus bas.
B1 adverb /ˈmeɪn.li/

Mainly

principalement; pour la plupart
Meaning
for the most part; chiefly; primarily
Example
The conference was mainly about environmental protection and climate change.
La conférence portait principalement sur la protection de l'environnement et le changement climatique.
A2 adjective /flæt/

flat

plat
Meaning
Smooth and level, without raised areas or curves.
Example
The road ahead was completely flat.
La route devant était complètement plate.
A1 adjective /ˈsɔːri/

sorry

désolé
Meaning
feeling regret or sympathy
Example
She felt sorry for what had happened.
Elle se sentait désolée pour ce qui s'était passé.
C2 noun /spjuːm/

spume

écume
Meaning
Froth or foam, especially found on waves or liquids.
Example
The waves crashed against the rocks, leaving spume in the air.
Les vagues se sont écrasées contre les rochers, laissant de l'écume dans l'air.
C1 adjective /dɪˈmɛntɪd/

demented

dément / irrationnel
Meaning
behaving irrationally due to mental illness or extreme excitement
Example
He looked demented after hearing the shocking news.
Il avait l'air dément après avoir entendu la nouvelle choquante.
B1 noun /kɔːr/

core

noyau
Meaning
the central or most important part of something
Example
Honesty is at the core of their values.
L'honnêteté est au cœur de leurs valeurs.
C1 noun /ˌtæm.bəˈriːn/

Tambourine

tambourin
Meaning
a small drum with metal discs around the edge that jingle when shaken or hit
Example
She shook the tambourine to the rhythm of the music.
Elle a secoué le tambourin au rythme de la musique.
B2 noun /ˈreɪ.dɑːr/

Radar

radar
Meaning
a system for detecting the presence, direction, distance of aircraft, ships by sending out radio waves
Example
The radar detected an unknown aircraft approaching the base.
Le radar a détecté un avion inconnu se dirigeant vers la base.
B1 noun ˈpɒdkɑːsts

podcasts

podcast
Meaning
A digital audio or video file or recording, usually part of a themed series, that can be downloaded from a website to a media player or computer.
Example
Podcasts are great for improving listening.
Les podcasts sont géniaux pour améliorer l'écoute.
C1 noun /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tənt/

Militant

militant
Meaning
A person who uses aggressive or violent methods to promote a political or social cause
Example
The militant group demanded immediate political reforms.
Le groupe militant a exigé des réformes politiques immédiates.
C2 verb /kəˈnoʊt/

connote

connoter
Meaning
To suggest or imply an additional meaning beyond the literal one.
Example
The word 'youthful' connotes energy and vitality.
Le mot 'juvénile' connoté énergie et vitalité.
C2 adjective ɪˈnɛfəbl

ineffable

ineffable
Meaning
Too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words.
Example
The beauty of the landscape was ineffable.
La beauté du paysage était ineffable.
C2 noun /ˌfɔːrɔːrdɪˈneɪʃən/

foreordination

prédestination
Meaning
the act of determining something in advance; predestination
Example
The doctrine of foreordination suggests that events are fixed by divine will.
La doctrine de la prédestination suggère que les événements sont fixés par la volonté divine.