infrequent
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C1 adjective /ɪnˈfriːkwənt/

infrequent

peu fréquent
Meaning
Happening rarely or not often.
Example
He made infrequent visits to his hometown after moving abroad.
Il faisait des visites peu fréquentes dans sa ville natale après avoir déménagé à l'étranger.
B2 noun /ˌprɒp.əˈɡæn.də/

Propaganda

propagande; rumeur
Meaning
information spread to promote a particular political cause or point of view
Example
The government used propaganda to influence public opinion during the war.
Le gouvernement a utilisé la propagande pour influencer l'opinion publique pendant la guerre.
C2 noun /ˈprɛləsi/

prelacy

prélature
Meaning
The office, dignity, or system of church government by prelates.
Example
The medieval church was dominated by prelacy and its traditions.
L'Église médiévale était dominée par la prélature et ses traditions.
C2 adjective /njuːˈmætɪk/

pneumatic

pneumatique
Meaning
operated by air or gas under pressure
Example
The factory uses pneumatic tools for assembly.
L'usine utilise des outils pneumatiques pour l'assemblage.
B2 noun ˈɔː.bɪt

orbit

orbite
Meaning
The curved path of a celestial object around a star, planet, or moon.
Example
The satellite maintains its orbit around Earth.
Le satellite maintient son orbite autour de la Terre.
A2 noun /daʊt/

Doubt

doute; méfiance; soupçon
Meaning
a feeling of uncertainty or lack of conviction; distrust or suspicion
Example
There was no doubt in her mind that she had made the right decision.
Il n'y avait aucun doute dans son esprit qu'elle avait pris la bonne décision.
B1 noun /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.ti taɪm/

quality time

temps de qualité
Meaning
Time spent giving someone your full attention in order to strengthen your relationship with them.
Example
Spending quality time with family enhances relationships.
Passer du temps de qualité avec sa famille améliore les relations.
C1 adjective /ˈtækt.fəl/

Tactful

diplomate; habile;
Meaning
showing skill and sensitivity in dealing with others or difficult situations
Example
He gave a tactful response to avoid hurting her feelings.
Il a donné une réponse diplomate pour éviter de blesser ses sentiments.
C2 adjective /ʌnˈstɪntɪŋ/

unstinting

généreux
Meaning
given generously without holding back
Example
She received unstinting support from her family.
Elle a reçu un soutien généreux de sa famille.
C1 noun, adjective /ˈsɛntənəri/ or /sɛnˈtɛnəri/

centenary

centenaire
Meaning
The hundredth anniversary of a significant event; relating to a period of 100 years.
Example
The school celebrated its centenary with a grand event.
L'école a célébré son centenaire avec un grand événement.
C2 adjective /ˈbɪliəs/

bilious

bilieux
Meaning
Relating to bile or an ill-tempered, irritable disposition.
Example
He became bilious after hearing the unfair criticism.
Il est devenu bilieux après avoir entendu la critique injuste.
C2 noun /rɪˈpruːf/

reproof

réprobation, censure
Meaning
An expression of blame or disapproval.
Example
His careless words drew a sharp reproof from his mother.
Ses paroles imprudentes ont provoqué une vive réprobation de sa mère.
C2 noun /ˈprɛlət/

prelate

haut membre du clergé
Meaning
A high-ranking member of the clergy, especially a bishop or abbot.
Example
The prelate delivered a sermon to the congregation.
Le prélat a prononcé un sermon devant la congrégation.
B2 noun /dɪˈsen.dənt/

Descendant

descendant
Meaning
a person who is descended from a particular ancestor; offspring of a later generation
Example
She discovered that she was a descendant of European royalty through genealogy research.
Elle a découvert qu'elle était une descendante de la royauté européenne grâce à la recherche généalogique.
C2 adjective /ɡrʌf/

gruff

rude
Meaning
Rough or stern in manner, speech, or voice.
Example
Despite his gruff manner, he was very kind-hearted.
Malgré son comportement rude, il était très gentil.
B1 verb ɪkˈspændɪd

expanded

étendu
Meaning
Made or become larger or more extensive.
Example
Expanded opportunities in education can transform lives.
Les opportunités élargies dans l'éducation peuvent transformer des vies.
B2 adjective /dɪˈraɪvd/

derived

dérivé
Meaning
Developed or obtained from something else; not original.
Example
The word is derived from Latin.
Le mot est dérivé du latin.
C1 noun /ˈɡreɪ.haʊnd/

Greyhound

lévrier
Meaning
a tall, thin dog with long legs that can run very fast
Example
The greyhound won the race at the dog track.
Le lévrier a gagné la course sur la piste pour chiens.
B2 noun /ˈkɑːrɡoʊ/

cargo

cargaison
Meaning
goods carried by a ship, plane, or other transport
Example
The ship was loaded with valuable cargo.
Le navire était chargé de cargaison précieuse.
C1 noun /ˈhɛksəˌɡɒn/

hexagon

hexagone
Meaning
A six-sided polygon.
Example
A honeycomb cell is shaped like a hexagon.
Une cellule de ruche est en forme d'hexagone.
C2 adjective /ˈfʊl.səm/

fulsome

éloges excessifs
Meaning
Excessively flattering or insincere; abundant or generous in amount.
Example
He offered fulsome praise to his boss.
Il a offert des éloges excessifs à son patron.
A2 noun /ˈdʌzən/

dozen

douzaine
Meaning
a group of twelve
Example
She bought a dozen eggs from the market.
Elle a acheté une douzaine d'œufs au marché.
C1 noun /ˈrɛvərəns/

reverence

révérence
Meaning
deep respect for someone or something
Example
The students showed reverence to their teacher.
Les étudiants ont montré de la révérence envers leur professeur.
C2 noun /ˈdɛswɪˌtuːd/

desuetude

désuétude
Meaning
a state of disuse or inactivity
Example
The old law has fallen into desuetude.
La vieille loi est tombée en désuétude.
C1 noun /ɔːˈtɒkrəsi/

autocracy

autocratie
Meaning
A system of government in which one person has absolute power.
Example
The country suffered under decades of autocracy.
Le pays a souffert sous des décennies d'autocratie.
C1 verb/adjective /ˈɡræspɪŋ/

grasping

saisir / avare
Meaning
Holding firmly; or (as an adjective) excessively greedy.
Example
The child was grasping her mother’s hand tightly.
L'enfant saisissait fermement la main de sa mère.
B1 noun /ʃeɪm/

Shame

honte
Meaning
a painful feeling of humiliation or distress; something regrettable
Example
He felt deep shame for his dishonest behavior at work.
Il a ressenti une profonde honte pour son comportement malhonnête au travail.
A2 noun /ɜːθ/

Earth

Terre; sol;
Meaning
the planet on which we live; the ground or soil
Example
The astronauts could see Earth from their spacecraft in orbit.
Les astronautes pouvaient voir la Terre depuis leur vaisseau spatial en orbite.
C1 verb /dɪˈpoʊz/

depose

déposer
Meaning
to remove someone from office or power, especially suddenly and forcefully
Example
The rebels managed to depose the dictator after years of unrest.
Les rebelles ont réussi à déposer le dictateur après des années de troubles.
B1 noun /əˈdʒen.də/

Agenda

ordre du jour
Meaning
a list of items to be discussed at a meeting; a plan of action
Example
The meeting agenda includes budget discussions.
L'ordre du jour de la réunion comprend des discussions sur le budget.
C2 adjective /bɪˈhoʊldən/

beholden

reconnaissant ou endetté
Meaning
indebted or obliged to someone for a service or help
Example
He felt beholden to his mentor for all the guidance.
Il se sentait reconnaissant envers son mentor pour toute l'orientation.
C2 noun /ˈbɑːr.nɪ.kəl/

Barnacle

balane
Meaning
a marine crustacean that attaches itself permanently to underwater surfaces
Example
The old ship's hull was covered with barnacles.
La coque du vieux navire était couverte de balanes.
A2 adjective /faɪn/

Fine

bon; excellent; mince; délicat; de haute qualité
Meaning
good; excellent; thin; delicate; high quality
Example
The weather is fine today.
Il fait beau aujourd'hui.
B2 adjective ˈeθ.ɪ.kəl

ethical

éthique
Meaning
Relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.
Example
Ethical considerations guide decisions.
Les considérations éthiques guident les décisions.
C2 noun /meɪs/

mace

mace / sceptre
Meaning
a ceremonial staff carried as a symbol of authority or a weapon similar to a club
Example
The guard carried a mace as a symbol of authority.
Le garde portait un mace comme symbole d'autorité.
C1 verb /ˌsuːpərˈsiːd/

supersede

remplacer
Meaning
To replace or take the place of something because it is more modern or effective.
Example
This new law will supersede the old regulations.
Cette nouvelle loi va remplacer les anciennes réglementations.
C1 noun /ˈbærɪstər/

barrister

avocat
Meaning
A type of lawyer in certain legal systems who specializes in courtroom advocacy and litigation.
Example
The barrister argued the case passionately before the judge.
L'avocat a plaidé l'affaire avec passion devant le juge.
C1 adjective /bɪˈriːvd/

Bereaved

endeuillé
Meaning
having lost a loved one through death
Example
The bereaved family received many condolences.
La famille endeuillée a reçu de nombreuses condoléances.
C1 verb /rɪˈvoʊk/

revoke

révoquer
Meaning
To officially cancel or withdraw a decision, privilege, or right.
Example
The government decided to revoke his passport.
Le gouvernement a décidé de révoquer son passeport.
B2 adjective prɪˈlɪm.ɪ.nər.i

preliminary

préliminaire
Meaning
Denoting an action or event preceding or done in preparation for something fuller or more important.
Example
Preliminary steps are crucial before the main project.
Les étapes préliminaires sont cruciales avant le projet principal.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈfrɛndli/

unfriendly

peu aimable
Meaning
not kind or welcoming; hostile or cold in behavior or attitude
Example
The shop owner seemed unfriendly to new customers.
Le propriétaire du magasin semblait peu aimable envers les nouveaux clients.
C1 adjective dɒɡˈmæt.ɪk

dogmatic

dogmatique
Meaning
Being inclined to lay down principles as incontrovertibly true; characterized by arrogant assertion of unproven principles.
Example
His dogmatic approach to politics made discussions difficult.
Son approche dogmatique de la politique a rendu les discussions difficiles.
C1 verb /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃ/

encroach

bonheur
Meaning
to gradually take over or intrude on someone’s rights, territory, or space
Example
The buildings began to encroach on the protected forest land.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur quand elle a reçu le prix.
A1 verb/noun /dæns/

dance

bonheur
Meaning
to move rhythmically to music, typically following a set sequence of steps
Example
They danced all night at the wedding.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur quand elle a reçu le prix.
B2 noun/verb /ˈɡlɪtər/

glitter

briller
Meaning
To shine with bright, shimmering light; or decorative sparkles.
Example
Her dress glittered under the stage lights.
Sa robe brillait sous les lumières de la scène.
A2 noun səkˈsɛs

success

succès
Meaning
The accomplishment of an aim or purpose; the attainment of popularity or profit
Example
Success requires focus and determination.
Le succès nécessite de la concentration et de la détermination.
C2 verb /əˈpraɪz/

apprise

informer
Meaning
to inform or notify someone
Example
The manager will apprise the staff of the new policies.
Le responsable informera le personnel des nouvelles politiques.
B2 noun /rɪˈhɜːr.səl/

Rehearsal

répétition; entraînement d'une performance
Meaning
a practice performance of a play, concert, or other work for later public performance
Example
The final rehearsal before opening night went perfectly.
La dernière répétition avant la soirée d'ouverture s'est déroulée parfaitement.
C1 verb /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/

improvise

improviser
Meaning
To create or perform something spontaneously without preparation.
Example
The actor had to improvise his lines when he forgot the script.
L'acteur a dû improviser ses répliques lorsqu'il a oublié le script.
A2 adjective /əˈtræk.tɪv/

Attractive

attractif
Meaning
pleasing or appealing to the senses; having a quality that draws interest
Example
The garden looks very attractive in spring.
Le jardin est très attractif au printemps.
B2 verb /ɛksˈheɪl/

exhale

expirer
Meaning
to breathe out air from the lungs
Example
She slowly exhaled after holding her breath.
Elle a lentement exhalé après avoir retenu sa respiration.
A1 noun /haʊs/

house

maison
Meaning
A building for people to live in, usually with rooms and a roof.
Example
They bought a new house in the city.
Ils ont acheté une nouvelle maison en ville.
B1 noun /ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/

Vegetarian

végétarien
Meaning
a person who does not eat meat or fish; relating to vegetarians or vegetarianism
Example
She became a vegetarian for health and environmental reasons.
Elle est devenue végétarienne pour des raisons de santé et environnementales.
C2 noun /ˈplætɪtjuːd/

platitude

platitude, lieu commun
Meaning
a remark or statement that is overused and unoriginal
Example
He kept repeating the same platitudes during the speech.
Il n'a cessé de répéter les mêmes platitudes pendant son discours.
C2 verb /ɪnˈvaɪərən/

environ

entourer
Meaning
to surround or enclose; to encircle
Example
Mountains environ the small valley.
Les montagnes entourent la petite vallée.
C1 noun /ˈsʌnˌdaʊn/

sundown

coucher du soleil
Meaning
the time in the evening when the sun goes below the horizon
Example
We planned to reach the village before sundown.
Nous avions prévu d'arriver au village avant le coucher du soleil.
C2 verb /ˌɪntərˈpoʊz/

interpose

interposer
Meaning
To place or insert between one thing and another; to intervene in a situation.
Example
He quickly interposed himself between the fighters to stop the quarrel.
Il s'est rapidement interposé entre les combattants pour arrêter la querelle.
C1 verb /ˈstɪntɪŋ/

stinting

donner avec parcimonie
Meaning
to supply sparingly or with restrictions
Example
He never stinting his efforts to help the poor.
Il ne fait jamais de restrictions dans ses efforts pour aider les pauvres.
A2 adjective /ˈnæʃənəl/

national

national
Meaning
relating to a nation, especially its culture, language, or government
Example
The national anthem was played at the ceremony.
L'hymne national a été joué lors de la cérémonie.
C1 noun /ˌspɒn.təˈneɪ.ɪ.ti/

spontaneity

spontanéité
Meaning
The quality of being spontaneous; natural and unplanned behavior.
Example
His spontaneity makes him a great conversationalist.
Sa spontanéité fait de lui un excellent conversationnel.
A1 adjective /stɪl/

still

calme
Meaning
not moving or making a sound
Example
The water was still, reflecting the sky.
L'eau était calme, reflétant le ciel.
A2 verb /kənˈteɪn/

contain

contenir
Meaning
to have or include within; to restrain or control
Example
This box contains important documents.
Cette boîte contient des documents importants.
C1 noun /ˈlaɪtʃi/

Litchi

litchi
Meaning
a small oval pink-red tropical fruit with white translucent flesh and sweet taste
Example
The litchi has a rough pink shell that you peel to eat the sweet white fruit inside.
Le litchi a une peau rose rugueuse que vous épluchez pour manger le fruit blanc et sucré à l'intérieur.
B1 verb /ˈkæri aʊt/

carry out

effectuer
Meaning
to perform or complete a task; to execute a plan
Example
The team carries out the project successfully.
L'équipe réalise le projet avec succès.
C1 noun /fəˈtæləti/

fatality

fatalité
Meaning
An occurrence of death by accident, disaster, or violence.
Example
The accident resulted in one fatality.
L'accident a entraîné une fatalité.
C1 verb /ɪˈlɪsɪt/

elicit

éliciter
Meaning
To draw out a response, answer, or reaction from someone.
Example
The teacher’s question elicited thoughtful answers from the students.
La question du professeur a suscité des réponses réfléchies des élèves.
C1 verb /reɪv/

rave

aduler
Meaning
to speak or write about something with great enthusiasm or admiration
Example
Critics rave about the new movie.
Les critiques adulent le nouveau film.
C1 noun /kəˈθɑːrsɪs/

catharsis

catharsis
Meaning
The process of releasing strong emotions, providing relief.
Example
Writing in her diary was a form of catharsis for her.
Écrire dans son journal était une forme de catharsis pour elle.
B2 adjective, noun /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

singular

extraordinaire / singulier
Meaning
Remarkable, extraordinary; or grammatical form referring to one person or thing.
Example
She has a singular talent for painting.
Elle a un talent extraordinaire pour la peinture.
A2 noun /ˈtɜːrtl/

turtle

tortue
Meaning
A slow-moving reptile with a hard shell that lives in water or on land
Example
The turtle slowly crossed the sandy beach.
La tortue a traversé lentement la plage de sable.
B2 adjective ˌæɡ.rɪˈkʌl.tʃər.əl

agricultural

agricole
Meaning
Connected with farming.
Example
Agricultural advancements enhance food security.
Les progrès agricoles améliorent la sécurité alimentaire.
A2 noun ˈfriː.dəm

freedom

liberté
Meaning
The power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint.
Example
Freedom empowers self-expression.
La liberté favorise l'expression de soi.
C1 noun ˈsɛlf pəˈzɪʃən

self-possession

maîtrise de soi
Meaning
The quality of being calm and confident and in control of one's emotions; composure.
Example
His self-possession during the crisis was remarkable.
Son self-possession pendant la crise était remarquable.
B1 adjective /ˈmʌl.tɪ.pl̩/

Multiple

multiple; divers; variés
Meaning
having many parts, elements, or members; numerous
Example
She suffered multiple injuries in the accident.
Elle a subi de multiples blessures dans l'accident.
B2 noun /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/

shooting

tournage
Meaning
the action of shooting a gun, camera, or similar device
Example
The shooting of the movie took several months.
Le tournage du film a pris plusieurs mois.
B2 adjective /ˈdjʊərəbəl/

Durable

durable; résistant; solide
Meaning
able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; lasting; strong
Example
This durable fabric will last for many years.
Ce tissu durable durera de nombreuses années.
C2 noun /ˈdɔːrmər/

dormer

fenêtre mansardée
Meaning
A window that projects vertically from a sloping roof.
Example
The old house had a dormer overlooking the garden.
La vieille maison avait une fenêtre mansardée donnant sur le jardin.
C2 noun /ˈprɑːflɪɡəsi/

profligacy

dépense excessive
Meaning
reckless wastefulness or extravagance
Example
His profligacy with money led him to bankruptcy.
Sa dépense excessive l'a conduit à la faillite.
C2 noun /bəˈθɪm.ə.tri/

bathymetry

bathymétrie
Meaning
The measurement of depth of water in oceans, seas, or lakes.
Example
Bathymetry is essential for understanding oceanic topography.
La bathymétrie est essentielle pour comprendre la topographie océanique.
B2 noun /θɛft/

theft

vol
Meaning
the action or crime of stealing
Example
The theft of his wallet was reported to the police.
Le vol de son portefeuille a été signalé à la police.
C2 noun /ˈskɜː.vi/

scurvy

Scorbut
Meaning
A disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, leading to weakness, gum disease, and bleeding.
Example
Sailors often suffered from scurvy during long sea voyages without fresh fruits.
Les marins souffraient souvent du scorbut lors de longs voyages en mer sans fruits frais.
C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜː.mə.ti/

Infirmity

faiblesse; maladie; fragilité
Meaning
physical or mental weakness; a disease or ailment; frailty
Example
Despite his advanced age and various infirmities, he remained mentally sharp and alert.
Malgré son âge avancé et ses diverses infirmités, il est resté mentalement vif et alerte.
B2 noun /ˈmɪz.ər.i/

Misery

misère; pauvreté extrême; souffrance
Meaning
Great mental or physical suffering; extreme unhappiness or distress
Example
The poor family lived in complete misery after losing their home.
La famille pauvre vivait dans une misère totale après avoir perdu sa maison.
C2 noun /ˈlæriət/

lariat

lasso
Meaning
A long rope with a noose at one end used to catch animals such as cattle or horses.
Example
The cowboy threw his lariat to catch the stray horse.
Le cow-boy a lancé son lasso pour attraper le cheval errant.
C2 adjective /ˈfæsaɪl/

Facile

facile; superficiel; manquant de profondeur
Meaning
easily achieved; superficial; lacking depth
Example
His facile explanation didn't address the real problem.
Son explication facile n'a pas abordé le vrai problème.
A1 noun /naɪt/

night

nuit
Meaning
the time of darkness between one day and the next, when most people sleep
Example
She loves going for walks at night.
Elle aime se promener la nuit.
C2 verb /bɪˈstruː/

bestrew

répandre
Meaning
To scatter or cover something with objects or substances.
Example
The ground was bestrewn with autumn leaves.
Le sol était couvert de feuilles d'automne.
B2 noun, verb /stiːm/

steam

vapeur
Meaning
the vapor into which water is converted when heated; to emit or treat with steam
Example
The kettle was steaming on the stove.
La bouilloire fumait sur la cuisinière.
C1 adjective /ˌnɒn ɪɡˈzɪstənt/

non-existent

inexistant
Meaning
not real or not present; lacking existence
Example
The supposed evidence turned out to be non-existent.
La preuve supposée s'est avérée inexistante.
B1 noun /ˈklaɪənt/

client

client
Meaning
A person or organization using the services of a professional or company.
Example
The lawyer met with her client to discuss the case.
L'avocat a rencontré son client pour discuter du dossier
C2 noun /ɪmp/

imp

petit diablotin espiègle
Meaning
a small mischievous devil or sprite; a playful troublemaker
Example
The child was acting like a little imp, hiding his toys everywhere.
L'enfant agissait comme un petit diablotin, cachant ses jouets partout.
C2 noun /ˈɪŋkjʊbəs/

incubus

esprit maléfique
Meaning
An oppressive or nightmarish burden; in folklore, an evil spirit that lies upon sleeping people.
Example
Debt became an incubus that weighed heavily on the family.
La dette est devenue un esprit maléfique qui pesait lourdement sur la famille.
B1 verb ɪnˈkriːsɪŋ

increasing

croissant
Meaning
Becoming or making greater in size, amount, intensity, or degree; growing.
Example
Increasing awareness about education is necessary.
Augmenter la sensibilisation à l'éducation est nécessaire.
C2 adjective /ˈnæti/

natty

chic
Meaning
Neat, stylish, and fashionable in appearance.
Example
He looked very natty in his new suit.
Il avait l'air très chic dans son nouveau costume.
C1 adverb /ˌɪn.ədˈvɜːr.tənt.li/

Inadvertently

involontairement; par erreur
Meaning
without being aware of what you are doing; unintentionally; by mistake
Example
She inadvertently deleted the important file while cleaning her computer.
Elle a accidentellement supprimé le fichier important en nettoyant son ordinateur.
C1 adjective /ˌæntiˈsleɪvəri/

antislavery

antiesclavagiste
Meaning
Opposed to the practice or system of slavery.
Example
The antislavery movement gained momentum in the 19th century.
Le mouvement antiesclavagiste a gagné en importance au XIXe siècle.
C1 verb /tʃɑːr/

char

brûler
Meaning
To burn or scorch something so that it becomes blackened.
Example
The cook accidentally charred the steak.
Le cuisinier a accidentellement brûlé le steak.
A1 verb, noun /tʃɛk/

check

vérifier
Meaning
To examine, inspect, or verify something; also a written order to a bank to pay money.
Example
Please check the report before submitting it.
Veuillez vérifier le rapport avant de le soumettre.
C1 noun /ˈdæmpər/

damper

quelque chose qui réduit ou diminue la force, l'effet ou l'excitation
Meaning
something that reduces or lessens the force, effect, or excitement
Example
The cancellation of the trip put a damper on their enthusiasm.
L'annulation du voyage a réduit leur enthousiasme.
B1 noun /kənˈsjuːmər/

consumer

consommateur
Meaning
A person who buys and uses goods and services.
Example
The company focuses on understanding consumer needs.
L'entreprise se concentre sur la compréhension des besoins des consommateurs.
C2 noun /ˈvɪntnər/

vintner

vigneron / vendeur de vin
Meaning
A person who makes or sells wine.
Example
The vintner explained the process of making red wine.
Le vigneron a expliqué le processus de fabrication du vin rouge.
A2 adverb /ˈrɑː.ðər/

Rather

plutôt; au lieu de;
Meaning
to some extent; instead; preferably
Example
I would rather stay home than go to the party.
Je préférerais rester à la maison plutôt que d'aller à la fête.
B2 noun /vaɪn/

vine

vigne
Meaning
a climbing or trailing plant with long stems; a plant that produces grapes
Example
The vine climbed up the wall and covered it with green leaves.
La vigne a grimpé le long du mur et l’a couvert de feuilles vertes.
C2 adjective /trænzˈmɪsəbl/

transmissible

transmissible
Meaning
able to be passed or spread from one person or thing to another
Example
COVID-19 is a highly transmissible disease.
COVID-19 est une maladie hautement transmissible.
B2 noun /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/

exhaustion

épuisement
Meaning
A state of extreme physical or mental fatigue.
Example
Chronic exhaustion can lead to burnout and decreased productivity.
L'épuisement chronique peut entraîner un épuisement et une baisse de productivité.
B2 noun ˌvɒlənˈtɪər ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən

volunteer organization

organisation bénévole
Meaning
A nonprofit group of people who offer their services willingly without payment for a cause.
Example
BD Clean is a volunteer organization promoting recycling.
BD Clean est une organisation bénévole qui promeut le recyclage.
B2 noun, verb /ˈrætəl/

rattle

cliqueter; hochet
Meaning
to make a rapid series of short, sharp sounds; a device or object that makes such a sound
Example
The loose window began to rattle in the strong wind.
La fenêtre desserrée s’est mise à cliqueter dans le vent fort.
A2 noun /ˈkrɒk.ə.daɪl/

Crocodile

crocodile
Meaning
a large reptile with a long mouth and sharp teeth that lives in rivers and lakes in hot countries
Example
The crocodile slowly moved through the murky water.
Le crocodile se déplaçait lentement dans l'eau trouble.
C1 adjective /ˌhaɪ.drəˈpɒn.ɪk/

hydroponic

hydroponique
Meaning
Relating to the process of growing plants in sand, gravel, or liquid, with added nutrients but without soil.
Example
Hydroponic farming allows crops to grow without soil.
L'agriculture hydroponique permet aux cultures de pousser sans sol.
C1 noun/verb /ɡæʃ/

gash

déchirure profonde
Meaning
A long, deep cut or wound; to cut deeply or violently.
Example
He had a deep gash on his leg after the accident.
Il avait une coupure profonde à la jambe après l'accident.
C1 verb /fɔːrˈseɪk/

forsake

abandonner
Meaning
to abandon or give up something or someone
Example
He decided not to forsake his old friends despite his success.
Il a décidé de ne pas abandonner ses vieux amis malgré son succès.
C2 verb /əˈsɛvəˌreɪt/

asseverate

affirmer
Meaning
to affirm or declare positively and earnestly
Example
He asseverated that he had never seen the man before.
Il a affirmé qu'il n'avait jamais vu l'homme avant.
B1 adverb /ˈdaʊnwədz/

Downwards

vers le bas
Meaning
towards a lower place or position; in a downward direction
Example
The ball rolled downwards along the slope.
La balle a roulé vers le bas le long de la pente.
C1 noun /ˈɪnflʌks/

influx

afflux
Meaning
A large arrival or flow of people or things.
Example
The city experienced an influx of tourists during the festival.
La ville a connu un afflux de touristes pendant le festival.
C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.nɪ.tɪv/

punitive

punitif
Meaning
Inflicting or intended as punishment.
Example
The company faced punitive measures for violating the law.
L'entreprise a dû faire face à des mesures punitives pour avoir violé la loi.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪndɪkeɪtɪv/

vindicative

vindicatif
Meaning
showing a tendency to vindicate or justify; inclined to defend
Example
Her vindicative tone showed that she strongly believed in her innocence.
Son ton vindicatif montrait qu'elle croyait fermement en son innocence.
B2 adjective /rɪˈfaɪnd/

Refined

raffiné; purifié
Meaning
elegant and cultured in appearance, manner, or taste; purified
Example
She has very refined taste in art and music.
Elle a un goût très raffiné en art et en musique.
B1 noun /ˈhev.ən/

Heaven

paradis
Meaning
a place regarded in various religions as the abode of God and the angels; a place of eternal happiness
Example
Many people believe that good souls go to heaven after they pass away from this world.
Beaucoup de gens croient que les ames bonnes vont au paradis apres avoir quitte ce monde.
B2 noun /ˈtʃer.i ˌblɒs.əm/

Cherry Blossom

fleur de cerisier
Meaning
the pink or white flowers of a cherry tree that bloom in spring
Example
The cherry blossoms bloom beautifully in April.
Les fleurs de cerisier fleurissent magnifiquement en avril.
B2 adjective /ˈkwestʃənəbl/

Questionable

suspect
Meaning
doubtful; dubious; suspicious; open to doubt or suspicion
Example
His questionable business practices led to an investigation.
Ses pratiques commerciales suspectes ont conduit à une enquête.
C2 noun /breɪ/

brae

versant
Meaning
A hillside or slope, especially in Scotland.
Example
They climbed up the grassy brae to see the sunset.
Ils ont grimpé la lisière herbeuse pour voir le coucher du soleil.