bastardization
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C2 noun /ˌbæstərdaɪˈzeɪʃən/

bastardization

dégénérescence / altération
Meaning
the act of corrupting, degrading, or misrepresenting something
Example
Critics called the remake a bastardization of the original film.
Les critiques ont qualifié le remake de bastardisation du film original.
C2 adjective /ˈbʌlbəs/

bulbous

bulbeux / arrondi
Meaning
Bulging, round, or swollen in shape; resembling a bulb.
Example
The frog had a bulbous nose and big eyes.
La grenouille avait un nez bulbeux et de grands yeux.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdɛmnɪfaɪ/

indemnify

indemniser
Meaning
to compensate someone for harm or loss; to secure against future damage or cost
Example
The insurance company agreed to indemnify the client for the damages.
La compagnie d'assurance a accepté d'indemniser le client pour les dommages.
C2 noun /ˈpɒliˌɑːrki/

polyarchy

polyarchie
Meaning
government by many people
Example
Polyarchy allows multiple parties to share power.
La polyarchie permet à plusieurs partis de partager le pouvoir.
C2 adjective /ləˈsɪviəs/

lascivious

lascif
Meaning
showing an overt and often offensive sexual desire
Example
The lascivious remarks made everyone uncomfortable.
Les remarques lascives ont mis tout le monde mal à l'aise.
C2 adjective /ˈpɪrɪk/

pyrrhic

victoire pyrrhique
Meaning
A victory won at such a great cost that it is almost equivalent to defeat.
Example
The general declared the battle a pyrrhic victory due to heavy losses.
Le général a déclaré la bataille comme une victoire pyrrhique en raison des lourdes pertes.
C2 verb /ˈnɔːzieɪt/

nauseate

provoquer des nausées
Meaning
To make someone feel sick, with an inclination to vomit.
Example
The spoiled food nauseated him quickly.
La nourriture avariée l'a rendu nauséeux rapidement.
C2 adjective /ˌmɛrəˈtrɪʃəs/

meretricious

artificiel
Meaning
apparently attractive but having no real value or integrity.
Example
The design was flashy but meretricious.
Le design était flashy mais artificiel.
C2 verb /dʒɛˈstɪkjʊleɪt/

gesticulate

gesticuler
Meaning
to use gestures, especially dramatic ones, instead of speaking or to emphasize one's words
Example
He gesticulated wildly to get their attention.
Il gesticulait sauvagement pour attirer leur attention.
C2 adjective /ʌnˈwəʊntɪd/

unwonted

inhabituel
Meaning
Unusual, uncommon, or out of the ordinary.
Example
She spoke with an unwonted gentleness that surprised everyone.
Elle parla avec une douceur inhabituelle qui surprit tout le monde.
C2 adjective /ˈdjuːtiəs/

duteous

obéissant
Meaning
dutiful; obedient and respectful
Example
The duteous child always followed her parents’ instructions.
L'enfant obéissant suivait toujours les instructions de ses parents.
C2 adjective /vaɪˈtjuːpərəbl̩/

vituperable

méprisable
Meaning
Deserving of blame, censure, or harsh criticism.
Example
His reckless actions made him vituperable in the eyes of his colleagues.
Ses actions imprudentes l'ont rendu méprisable aux yeux de ses collègues.
C2 adjective /sɒmˈnɪfərəs/

somniferous

somnifère
Meaning
Tending to induce sleep; soporific.
Example
The professor's somniferous lecture put half the class to sleep.
Le cours somnifère du professeur a endormi la moitié de la classe.
C2 verb /ˈdʌv.teɪl/

dovetail

s'harmoniser parfaitement
Meaning
to fit or combine perfectly together
Example
Her plans dovetail perfectly with our goals.
Ses plans s'accordent parfaitement avec nos objectifs.
C2 noun /ˈtælən/

talon

griffe
Meaning
A claw, especially one belonging to a bird of prey.
Example
The eagle gripped the fish with its sharp talons.
L'aigle a saisi le poisson avec ses griffes acérées.
C2 adjective /eɪˈsɛfələs/

acephalous

sans tête
Meaning
having no leader or head; headless
Example
The acephalous group soon fell into disorganization.
Le groupe sans tête tomba bientôt dans la désorganisation.
C2 verb (archaic/rare) /rɛk/

reck

se soucier
Meaning
To care about or be concerned with (something); to have regard for.
Example
He does not reck the dangers of his actions.
Il ne se soucie pas des dangers de ses actions.
C2 noun /jɔːr/

yore

passé
Meaning
Time long past; bygone days.
Example
Legends of yore still inspire people today.
Les légendes du passé continuent d'inspirer les gens aujourd'hui.
C2 verb /ɛmˈbleɪzən/

emblazon

afficher de manière remarquable
Meaning
To decorate or display something in a noticeable or impressive way.
Example
The team's logo was emblazoned on their uniforms.
Le logo de l'équipe était emblazoné sur leurs uniformes.
C2 noun /əˈkʌmpənɪst/

accompanist

accompagnateur
Meaning
A person who plays a musical instrument to support a singer or another musician.
Example
The pianist served as the accompanist for the singer during the concert.
Le pianiste a joué le rôle d'accompagnateur pour le chanteur pendant le concert.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪndɪkətɔːri/

vindicatory

vindicatif
Meaning
Serving to justify, clear of blame, or defend.
Example
His vindicatory remarks restored his reputation.
Ses remarques vindicatoires ont restauré sa réputation.
C2 noun /ˈkɒn.tjʊ.mə.si/

contumacy

désobéissance, entêtement
Meaning
stubborn refusal to obey authority
Example
His contumacy led to his suspension from the council.
Sa désobéissance a conduit à sa suspension du conseil.
C2 noun /prɪˈsɛntɪmənt/

presentiment

présentiment
Meaning
An intuitive feeling about the future, especially of something bad about to happen.
Example
He had a strong presentiment that the plan would fail.
Il avait un fort pressentiment que le plan échouerait.
C2 noun /ɪmˌpɜːrtərbəˈbɪləti/

imperturbability

imperturbabilité
Meaning
The quality of being calm and not easily disturbed or upset.
Example
Her imperturbability during the crisis impressed everyone.
Son imperturbabilité pendant la crise a impressionné tout le monde.
C2 adjective /ˈfluːtɪd/

fluted

strié
Meaning
having grooves or ridges, often for decoration
Example
The vase had a beautiful fluted design around the rim.
Le vase avait un beau design strié autour du bord.
C2 adjective /ˈsæ.loʊ/

sallow

jaunâtre
Meaning
Of an unhealthy yellow or pale brown color, often referring to skin.
Example
His sallow complexion made him look tired and sickly.
Son teint jaunâtre le faisait paraître fatigué et malade.
C2 noun /ˈskæb.ərd/

scabbard

fourreau
Meaning
A sheath for the blade of a sword or dagger, typically made of leather or metal.
Example
The knight drew his sword from the scabbard.
Le chevalier a sorti son épée du fourreau.
C2 noun /ˈpɪnjən/

pinion

un petit engrenage ou la partie extérieure de l'aile d'un oiseau ; restreindre ou immobiliser
Meaning
a small gear or the outer part of a bird's wing; to restrain or immobilize
Example
The bird's pinion was injured, preventing it from flying.
Le pinion de l'oiseau était blessé, l'empêchant de voler.
C2 adjective /ˈɛksplɪkəbəl/

explicable

explicable
Meaning
able to be explained or understood
Example
His sudden anger was explicable given the stressful situation.
Sa colère soudaine était explicable compte tenu de la situation stressante.
C2 adjective /nɑːrld/

gnarled

tordu
Meaning
Twisted, rough, and knotted, especially with age.
Example
The old man had gnarled hands from years of hard work.
L'homme âgé avait les mains tordues à force d'années de travail acharné.
C2 adjective /ˈæstrəl/

astral

astral
Meaning
Relating to the stars or to spiritual, non-physical realms.
Example
Some believe in astral projection, the ability to leave the body and travel spiritually.
Certains croient à la projection astrale, la capacité de quitter le corps et de voyager spirituellement.
C2 verb /ˌɪmpɔːrˈtuːn/

importune

demander insistant
Meaning
To ask someone persistently or pressingly for something
Example
The child importuned his mother for a new toy.
L'enfant importunait sa mère pour un nouveau jouet.
C2 adjective /ˈprəʊ.lɪks/

prolix

trop long
Meaning
using too many words; tediously lengthy
Example
The professor’s prolix lecture put many students to sleep.
Le cours prolixe du professeur a endormi de nombreux étudiants.
C2 noun /ˈkoʊdə/

coda

coda
Meaning
the concluding passage of a piece of music or a literary work
Example
The novel ends with a reflective coda that ties up the themes.
Le roman se termine par une coda réfléchie qui relie les thèmes.
C2 adjective /kəˈmɛnʃərət/

commensurate

proportionnel
Meaning
corresponding in size, degree, or extent; proportionate
Example
Salary will be commensurate with experience.
Le salaire sera proportionnel à l'expérience.
C2 noun /dɪˈkæmərən/

decameron

Décaméron (recueil de contes de Boccaccio)
Meaning
A collection of 100 tales written by Giovanni Boccaccio in the 14th century, told by a group of people over ten days.
Example
The Decameron is considered a masterpiece of classical Italian literature.
Le Décaméron est considéré comme un chef-d'œuvre de la littérature italienne classique.
C2 verb /dɪˈkænt/

decant

décanter
Meaning
To pour liquid gently from one container into another, especially without disturbing the sediment.
Example
She carefully decanted the wine into a clean glass.
Elle a soigneusement versé le vin dans un verre propre.
C2 adjective ˌlæb.əˈrɪn.θaɪn

labyrinthine

labyrinthique
Meaning
Like a labyrinth; complicated and confusing; having many interconnected paths or passages.
Example
The old city streets were labyrinthine.
Les rues de la vieille ville étaient labyrinthiques.
C2 noun /ˈlɛvi/

levee

levée
Meaning
An embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river or to hold back water.
Example
The town built a levee to protect itself from flooding.
La ville a construit une levée pour se protéger des inondations.
C2 adjective /lʌɡˈʒʊəriənt/

luxuriant

luxuriant
Meaning
abundant in growth or richly abundant
Example
The luxuriant forest was teeming with life.
La forêt luxuriante regorgeait de vie.
C2 adjective /ˈsɜːrkəmskraɪbd/

circumscribed

circonscrit
Meaning
restricted or limited in scope or freedom
Example
Her freedom of choice was circumscribed by social rules.
Sa liberté de choix était circonscrite par les règles sociales.
C2 adjective /kəmˈpleɪzənt/

complaisant

trop complaisant
Meaning
willing to please others or to accept what they do or say without protest
Example
He was too complaisant to refuse their demands.
Il était trop complaisant pour refuser leurs demandes.
C2 adjective /ˈnjuː.trɪ.tɪv/

nutritive

nutritif
Meaning
Relating to nutrition; having nourishing qualities.
Example
The nutritive value of the fruit is very high.
La valeur nutritive du fruit est très élevée.
C2 noun /ˈɡleɪziər/

glazier

vitrier
Meaning
a person whose job is to fit glass into windows and doors
Example
The glazier repaired the broken window in our house.
Le vitrier a réparé la fenêtre cassée dans notre maison.
C2 adjective /səˈprɛsəbl̩/

suppressible

réprimable
Meaning
capable of being restrained, controlled, or prevented
Example
The symptoms of the disease are suppressible with medication.
Les symptômes de la maladie sont supprimables avec des médicaments.
C2 adjective /pəˈlɛmɪkəl/

polemical

polemique
Meaning
relating to or involving strongly critical or controversial writing or speech
Example
She wrote a polemical article challenging traditional beliefs.
Elle a écrit un article polémique remettant en question les croyances traditionnelles.
C2 adjective /ˌdɪspjuːˈteɪʃəs/

disputatious

disputeur
Meaning
fond of or given to argument and debate
Example
His disputatious nature often led to heated conversations.
Sa nature disputée menait souvent à des conversations animées.
C2 verb /biˈætɪfaɪ/

beatify

béatifier
Meaning
to make blessed or holy, especially in the Roman Catholic Church, to declare a deceased person to be among the blessed
Example
The pope decided to beatify the martyr for his faith and sacrifice.
Le pape a décidé de béatifier le martyr pour sa foi et son sacrifice.
C2 noun /ˌrep.ɑːˈtiː/

Repartee

réplique
Meaning
conversation or speech characterized by quick, witty comments or replies
Example
The dinner party was filled with brilliant repartee between the guests.
Le dîner était rempli de répliques brillantes entre les invités.
C2 noun /ˈætəvɪzəm/

atavism

atavisme
Meaning
The recurrence of traits or characteristics from a remote ancestor.
Example
The scientist noted atavism in the child’s physical features.
Le scientifique a noté de l'atavisme dans les caractéristiques physiques de l'enfant.
C2 noun /lɔːŋ ˈpepər/

Long pepper

poivre long
Meaning
a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit which is used as a spice
Example
Long pepper was more valuable than black pepper in ancient times.
Le poivre long était plus précieux que le poivre noir dans les temps anciens.
C2 noun /səˈlɛrɪti/

celerity

célérité
Meaning
swiftness of movement; speed
Example
The soldier moved with great celerity to deliver the message.
Le soldat s'est déplacé avec une grande célérité pour livrer le message.
C2 noun /ˈbʌskɪn/

buskin

botte épaisse
Meaning
A type of thick-soled boot that reaches halfway to the knee; also associated with tragic drama in ancient times.
Example
The actor wore a buskin as part of his classical costume.
L'acteur portait un buskin comme partie de son costume classique.
C2 noun əˈlæk.rə.t̬i

alacrity

disponibilité rapide et joyeuse
Meaning
Brisk and cheerful readiness.
Example
He accepted the challenge with alacrity.
Il a accepté le défi avec alacrité.
C2 noun /ræpˈskæliən/

rapscallion

personne espiègle
Meaning
A mischievous or cheeky person; a rascal.
Example
The little rapscallion hid his brother’s shoes as a prank.
Le petit rapscallion a caché les chaussures de son frère pour une farce.
C2 adjective /ˈvækjuəs/

vacuous

vide
Meaning
Having or showing a lack of thought or intelligence; mindless.
Example
She gave a vacuous smile during the serious discussion.
Elle a souri de façon vide pendant la discussion sérieuse.
C2 noun, adjective /pəˈtrɪʃən/

patrician

patricien
Meaning
A person of noble rank or high social standing; relating to aristocracy.
Example
The patrician families of Rome wielded great power in politics.
Les familles patriciennes de Rome exerçaient une grande puissance en politique.
C2 verb /məˈtrɪkjʊˌleɪt/

matriculate

matriculer
Meaning
To enroll as a student in a college or university.
Example
She matriculated at Oxford University last year.
Elle s'est inscrite à l'Université d'Oxford l'année dernière.
C2 noun /ˈdrɪvəl/

drivel

bêtise
Meaning
silly or nonsensical talk
Example
The politician’s speech was full of meaningless drivel.
Le discours du politicien était plein de bêtises inutiles.
C2 adjective /əˈsɜːrbɪk/

acerbic

acerbe
Meaning
sharp, harsh, or bitter in tone or taste
Example
His acerbic comments offended many people in the meeting.
Ses commentaires acerbes ont offensé de nombreuses personnes lors de la réunion.
C2 noun /ˈɛndaɪv/ or /ˈɑːndɪv/

endive

endive
Meaning
A leafy vegetable belonging to the chicory family, often used in salads.
Example
She added fresh endive to the salad for a slightly bitter flavor.
Elle a ajouté de l'endive fraîche à la salade pour une saveur légèrement amère.
C2 noun /ˈnaɪɪˌlɪzəm/

nihilism

nihilisme
Meaning
The rejection of all religious and moral principles, often in the belief that life is meaningless.
Example
The philosopher was criticized for promoting nihilism.
Le philosophe a été critiqué pour avoir promu le nihilisme.
C2 noun /ɪnˈfrækʃən/

infraction

infraction
Meaning
A violation or breach of a rule, law, or agreement.
Example
The student was punished for a minor infraction of the school rules.
L'étudiant a été puni pour une infraction mineure aux règles de l'école.
C2 adjective /ˈrʌdi/

ruddy

rosé
Meaning
Having a healthy red color in the face.
Example
She had a ruddy complexion from working outdoors.
Elle avait un teint rosé à force de travailler dehors.
C2 noun /ˌprɪnsɪˈpæləti/

principality

principauté
Meaning
a state ruled by a prince
Example
Monaco is a famous principality in Europe.
Monaco est une principauté célèbre en Europe.
C2 noun /ˌpɛkjʊˈleɪʃən/

peculation

détournement
Meaning
The act of embezzling or stealing money, especially from public funds.
Example
The minister resigned after being accused of peculation.
Le ministre a démissionné après avoir été accusé de détournement.
C2 noun /ˈʃɛvrən/

chevron

symbole en forme de V
Meaning
A V-shaped pattern, often used in military insignia or design.
Example
The sergeant’s uniform displayed three chevrons on the sleeve.
L'uniforme du sergent affichait trois chevrons sur la manche.
C2 noun /tiːˈtoʊtəlɪzəm/

teetotalism

abstinence totale d'alcool
Meaning
the practice or principle of abstaining completely from alcoholic drinks
Example
He practiced teetotalism throughout his life.
Il a pratiqué le teetotalisme toute sa vie.
C2 noun /ˈfʌriər/

furrier

fourreur
Meaning
A person who prepares or deals in furs.
Example
The furrier displayed fine coats in his shop.
Le fourreur a exposé de beaux manteaux dans son magasin.
C2 verb /haɪ/

hie

se hâter
Meaning
to go quickly; hasten
Example
He hied to the station to catch the train.
Il se hâta à la gare pour attraper le train.
C2 adjective /spɪk/

Spick

extrêmement propre et ordonné; immaculé
Meaning
extremely clean and neat; immaculate
Example
The house was spick and span after the cleaning.
La maison était parfaitement propre et ordonnée après le nettoyage.
C2 adjective /prɪˈzʌmptɪv/

presumptive

présumé
Meaning
Based on probability or assumption rather than proof.
Example
She is the presumptive nominee for the party.
Elle est la candidate présumée pour le parti.
C2 verb /ˈmæŋɡəl/

mangle

détruire
Meaning
to severely damage or mutilate something, often by tearing or crushing
Example
The car was mangled in the accident.
La voiture a été détruite dans l'accident.
C2 adjective /ˈkæp.ʃəs/

Captious

captieux; critique
Meaning
tending to find fault or raise petty objections; fault-finding; critical
Example
His captious remarks about every small detail made the meeting very unpleasant.
Ses remarques captieuses sur chaque petit détail ont rendu la réunion très désagréable.
C2 noun /fɪˈlɒl.ə.dʒɪst/

philologist

philologue
Meaning
a person who studies languages and their history
Example
The philologist analyzed ancient texts to understand language evolution.
Le philologue a analysé des textes anciens pour comprendre l'évolution du langage.
C2 noun /ˈæn.əlz/

annals

annales
Meaning
Historical records of events, usually arranged chronologically.
Example
Her name will be remembered in the annals of science.
Son nom sera gravé dans les annales de la science.
C2 noun /ˈpriːsɛpt/

precept

précepte
Meaning
A general rule intended to regulate behavior or thought.
Example
Honesty is a fundamental precept in all religions.
L'honnêteté est un précepte fondamental dans toutes les religions.
C2 verb /ˌpriːɪɡˈzɪst/

preexist

exister au préalable
Meaning
to exist beforehand or before something else
Example
These customs preexist the arrival of modern technology.
Ces coutumes existaient avant l'arrivée de la technologie moderne.
C2 noun /ˈbærəˌɡræf/

barograph

instrument qui enregistre les variations de pression atmosphérique
Meaning
an instrument that records changes in atmospheric pressure
Example
The scientist checked the barograph for pressure variations.
Le scientifique a vérifié le barographe pour les variations de pression.
C2 noun /ˈmɪstəs/

Mengra / Mystus

silure bagride
Meaning
a genus of catfish found in Asia, commonly known as bagrid catfish
Example
The mystus fish is commonly found in rivers and streams of South Asia.
Le poisson Mystus se trouve couramment dans les rivières et les ruisseaux d'Asie du Sud.
C2 adjective /bɒmˈbæstɪk/

bombastic

pompeux
Meaning
using pompous or inflated language with little meaning
Example
The professor’s bombastic lecture impressed no one.
Le discours pompeux du professeur n'a impressionné personne.
C2 adjective /ˈhaɪndmoʊst/

hindmost

dernier
Meaning
Farthest back; last in position.
Example
The hindmost car in the convoy broke down first.
La voiture la plus arrière du convoi est tombée en panne en premier.
C2 verb /traɪˈsɛkt/

trisect

diviser en trois parties
Meaning
To divide into three parts.
Example
The teacher asked the students to trisect the line segment.
Le professeur a demandé aux élèves de diviser le segment de ligne en trois parties.
C2 adjective /juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/

ubiquitious

omniprésent
Meaning
Present, appearing, or found everywhere.
Example
Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society.
Les smartphones sont devenus omniprésents dans la société moderne.
C2 noun /ˈmæk.rəˌkɒz.əm/

macrocosm

macrocosme
Meaning
The whole universe considered as a large, complex system; a large-scale representation of something.
Example
The macrocosm of the universe reflects the microcosm of human life.
Le macrocosme de l'univers reflète le microcosme de la vie humaine.
C2 noun /wɜːrl/

whorl

spirale
Meaning
A pattern of spirals or concentric circles, often found in fingerprints, shells, or flowers.
Example
The fingerprint displayed a clear whorl pattern.
L'empreinte digitale affichait un motif clair de spirale.
C2 noun /ɪˈfʌldʒəns/

effulgence

éclat
Meaning
Brilliant radiance or shining brightness.
Example
The effulgence of the sunrise lit up the entire valley.
L'éclat du lever du soleil éclairait toute la vallée.
C2 noun /ˌɒnəˈreəriəm/

honorarium

honoraires
Meaning
A payment given for professional services that are rendered without a fee.
Example
The guest lecturer received an honorarium for her talk.
Le conférencier invité a reçu un honorarium pour sa conférence.
C2 noun /kwɪˈɛsəns/

quiescence

quiescence
Meaning
A state of quietness, inactivity, or dormancy.
Example
The volcano has been in a state of quiescence for decades.
Le volcan est en état de quiescence depuis des décennies.
C2 adjective /ˈdɪstəl/

distal

distal
Meaning
situated away from the center of the body or from the point of attachment
Example
The doctor examined the distal end of the patient’s arm.
Le médecin a examiné l'extrémité distale du bras du patient.
C2 noun /ˈleʧ.ər/

Lecher

libidineux
Meaning
a man who behaves in a sexually inappropriate way towards women
Example
The company fired him for being a lecher.
L’entreprise l’a licencié pour avoir été un libidineux.
C2 noun /foʊ ˈpɑː/

faux pas

faute sociale
Meaning
a social blunder or mistake in etiquette
Example
He committed a major faux pas by forgetting her birthday.
Il a commis une grande faute sociale en oubliant son anniversaire.
C2 noun /leɪð/

lathe

tour
Meaning
A machine for shaping wood, metal, or other material by rotating it against a cutting tool.
Example
The carpenter used a lathe to shape the wooden bowl.
Le menuisier a utilisé un tour pour façonner le bol en bois.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.ərn.wʊd/

Ironwood

bois de fer
Meaning
a hard, dense wood from various trees; also the tree itself that produces small flowers
Example
The ironwood tree blooms with tiny white flowers.
L'arbre de bois de fer fleurit avec de petites fleurs blanches.
C2 adjective /ˈklɛmənt/

clement

clément / doux
Meaning
mild or merciful; describing weather as mild and pleasant
Example
The prisoners hoped for a clement judge.
Les prisonniers espéraient un juge clément.
C2 noun /ˈkæbəˌlɪzəm/

cabalism

cabalisme
Meaning
The doctrines, practices, or secretive dealings of a cabal.
Example
The historian wrote extensively about cabalism in the royal court.
L'historien a écrit abondamment sur le cabalisme à la cour royale.
C2 verb /bɪˈfuːl/

befool

tromper
Meaning
to deceive or trick someone into believing something false; to make someone appear foolish
Example
The scammer tried to befool innocent people with fake promises.
L'escroc a essayé de tromper des personnes innocentes avec de fausses promesses.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərpəˈzɪʃən/

interposition

intervention
Meaning
The act of intervening or coming between two things, often to influence or prevent an outcome.
Example
The manager’s interposition prevented a heated argument from escalating.
L'intervention du manager a empêché une dispute animée de s'intensifier.
C2 verb /læmˈbæst/

lambast

critiquer sévèrement
Meaning
To criticize harshly or to beat severely.
Example
The coach lambasted the team for their poor performance.
L'entraîneur a sévèrement critiqué l'équipe pour sa mauvaise performance.
C2 adjective /rəˈpeɪ.ʃəs/

rapacious

avidité
Meaning
having an extreme desire to take things for oneself, greedy
Example
The rapacious landlord raised the rent without reason.
Le propriétaire avide a augmenté le loyer sans raison.
C2 adjective /ˈwɪloʊi/

willowy

élancé, mince et flexible, comme un saule
Meaning
Gracefully tall, slender, and flexible, like a willow tree.
Example
She moved with a willowy elegance across the stage.
Elle se déplaçait avec une élégance willowy sur scène.
C2 noun /ˈpælɪmpsɛst/

palimpsest

palimpseste
Meaning
a manuscript or document that has been written over but still bears traces of earlier writing; something reused or altered but still retaining traces of its earlier form
Example
The ancient manuscript was a palimpsest, showing faint traces of previous texts beneath the new writing.
Le manuscrit ancien était un palimpseste, montrant des traces subtiles de textes précédents sous la nouvelle écriture.
C2 adjective /ˈsiːmi/

seamy

dégradé, sordide
Meaning
Morally degraded, unpleasant, or sordid.
Example
The novel reveals the seamy side of city life.
Le roman révèle le côté sordide de la vie en ville.
C2 adjective /kənˈdʌktəbl̩/

conductible

conductible
Meaning
capable of being conducted, especially electricity or heat
Example
Copper is highly conductible to electricity.
Le cuivre est hautement conductible à l'électricité.
C2 adjective /loʊˈkweɪʃəs/

loquacious

loquace
Meaning
tending to talk a great deal; very talkative
Example
The loquacious child entertained everyone with endless stories.
L'enfant loquace a diverti tout le monde avec des histoires sans fin.
C2 verb /ˈeksɪkreɪt/

execrate

détester
Meaning
To feel or express great loathing or hatred for something.
Example
The community execrated the corrupt politician.
La communauté a détesté le politicien corrompu.
C2 noun /ˈræʃənəlɪzəm/

rationalism

rationalisme
Meaning
a belief or theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than religious belief or emotion
Example
Rationalism emphasizes logic and reasoning over faith.
Le rationalisme met l'accent sur la logique et le raisonnement plutôt que sur la foi.
C2 verb /rɪˈtrɛntʃ/

retrench

réduire les dépenses, licencier des employés
Meaning
to reduce costs, spending, or staff to save resources
Example
The company had to retrench employees due to financial difficulties.
L'entreprise a dû licencier des employés à cause de difficultés financières.
C2 adjective /ɪˈpɪstələri/

epistolary

épistolaire
Meaning
Related to the writing of letters; expressed in or through letters.
Example
The novel is written in an epistolary style, consisting of letters between characters.
Le roman est écrit dans un style épistolaire, composé de lettres échangées entre les personnages.
C2 noun /ˈsɒfɪstri/

sophistry

sophistique
Meaning
the use of clever but false arguments, often to deceive
Example
The politician's speech was full of sophistry.
Le discours du politicien était plein de sophistique.
C2 adjective /ˈmiː.di.əl/

medial

médial
Meaning
Situated in or pertaining to the middle; located toward the midline of the body or structure.
Example
The medial side of the knee is more prone to injury.
Le côté médial du genou est plus sujet aux blessures.
C2 adjective /ˈmɒn.teɪn/

montane

relatif aux régions montagneuses; trouvé dans les environnements montagneux
Meaning
Relating to mountainous regions; found in mountain environments.
Example
Montane forests host a variety of unique species.
Les forêts montagnardes abritent une variété d'espèces uniques.
C2 noun /ɛmˈpɔːriəm/

emporium

grand magasin
Meaning
A large retail store selling a wide variety of goods.
Example
They visited the new emporium to buy furniture and home decor.
Ils ont visité le nouvel emporium pour acheter des meubles et de la décoration pour la maison.
C2 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈbɒlɪk/

diabolic

diabolique
Meaning
Extremely evil or cruel; characteristic of the devil.
Example
The villain devised a diabolic scheme.
Le méchant a imaginé un plan diabolique.
C2 verb /ˈtrʌk.əl/

truckle

se soumettre
Meaning
To submit or yield obsequiously to someone in power.
Example
He refused to truckle to the demands of the corrupt officials.
Il a refusé de se soumettre aux demandes des fonctionnaires corrompus.
C2 noun /ˈɡæd.flaɪ/

gadfly

mouche du coche
Meaning
A person who annoys or criticizes others to stimulate change or provoke action.
Example
The journalist was a gadfly, constantly questioning the government's policies.
Le journaliste était une mouche du coche, remettant constamment en question les politiques du gouvernement.
C2 noun /rɪˈdʒɔɪndər/

rejoinder

réplique
Meaning
a quick or witty reply; a response to a remark or argument
Example
His sharp rejoinder silenced the crowd.
Sa réplique acérée a fait taire la foule.
C2 noun /ˈdɛvɪlri/

devilry

diablerie
Meaning
Wicked or cruel behavior; mischievous actions.
Example
The children were full of devilry on Halloween night.
Les enfants étaient pleins de diablerie lors de la nuit d'Halloween.
C2 noun ˈvaɪ.və ˈvəʊs

viva voce

examen oral
Meaning
An oral examination, typically for an academic qualification.
Example
Viva Voce tests communication skills.
Les épreuves de Viva Voce évaluent les compétences en communication.
C2 noun /ˈmælɪt fɪʃ/

Mallet fish

poisson à coquille
Meaning
A marine fish with a hard shell-like covering, found in coastal waters
Example
The mallet fish is known for its unique protective shell covering.
Le poisson à coquille est connu pour sa coque protectrice unique.
C2 adjective /ˈsæpɪd/

sapid

savoureux
Meaning
Having a pleasant taste; flavorful.
Example
The chef prepared a sapid dish that delighted everyone at the table.
Le chef a préparé un plat savoureux qui a enchanté tout le monde à table.