soil management
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C1 noun /sɔɪl ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/

soil management

gestión del suelo
Meaning
The application of operations, practices, and treatments to protect soil and enhance its performance.
Example
Proper soil management improves long-term agricultural productivity.
La gestión adecuada del suelo mejora la productividad agrícola a largo plazo.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɛntɪv/

inventive

inventivo
Meaning
Having the ability to create or design new things or to think originally.
Example
The inventor was known for his inventive solutions to everyday problems.
El inventor era conocido por sus soluciones inventivas para los problemas cotidianos.
C1 noun /ˈleθ.ər.dʒi/

Lethargy

letargo; cansancio e inactividad
Meaning
a lack of energy and enthusiasm; tiredness and inactivity
Example
The hot weather caused a feeling of lethargy.
El clima cálido causó una sensación de letargo.
C1 verb /dɪsˈhɑːrtn/

dishearten

desanimar
Meaning
to cause someone to lose determination or confidence; to discourage
Example
The constant rejection letters began to dishearten the young writer.
Las cartas de rechazo constantes comenzaron a desanimar al joven escritor.
C1 noun /ˈtiːdiəm/

tedium

tedio
Meaning
the state of being tedious; monotony or boredom
Example
The tedium of long meetings often drains motivation.
El tedio de las largas reuniones a menudo drena la motivación.
C1 adjective /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/

compulsive

compulsivo
Meaning
Resulting from or acting on an irresistible urge, especially one that is against one's conscious wishes.
Example
He is a compulsive gambler who cannot stop placing bets.
Él es un jugador compulsivo que no puede dejar de apostar.
A2 noun ˈbʌt.ən

button

botón
Meaning
A small disk or knob sewn onto a garment, either to fasten it by being pushed through a slit made for the purpose, or for decoration.
Example
Press the button to activate the device.
Presiona el botón para activar el dispositivo.
C1 noun /ˈek.stə.si/

Ecstasy

éxtasis
Meaning
an overwhelming feeling of great happiness or joyful excitement
Example
She was in complete ecstasy when she heard the good news.
Ella estaba en completa éxtasis cuando escuchó las buenas noticias.
B1 verb /skɪp/

skip

saltar
Meaning
to omit or pass over something; to move lightly or quickly
Example
He decided to skip breakfast and go straight to work.
Decidió saltarse el desayuno e ir directamente al trabajo.
B2 noun /əˈluːmɪnəm/

aluminum

aluminio
Meaning
a lightweight silvery metal used for making cans, foils, and other items
Example
The airplane body is made of strong but light aluminum.
El cuerpo del avión está hecho de aluminio fuerte pero ligero.
C2 noun /ˈveɪnɡlɔːri/

vainglory

vanidad
Meaning
Excessive vanity or boastfulness about one's achievements.
Example
His speech was filled with vainglory and self-praise.
Su discurso estaba lleno de vanidad y autocomplacencia.
A1 adverb /ˈriː.ə.li/

Really

realmente; verdaderamente; mucho
Meaning
actually; truly; very much
Example
I really enjoyed the concert last night.
Realmente disfruté el concierto anoche.
B1 noun /træm kɑːr/

Tram car

tranvía
Meaning
An electric vehicle that runs on rails along the street
Example
The tram car stopped at every station in the city center.
El tranvía se detuvo en cada estación en el centro de la ciudad.
C2 noun, verb /ˈbɛvəl/

bevel

bisel
Meaning
A sloping edge or surface; to cut or shape an edge at an angle.
Example
The carpenter beveled the edges of the table.
El carpintero biseló los bordes de la mesa.
B1 noun /tʃiːf/

chief

jefe
Meaning
a leader or person in charge of a group or organization
Example
The chief of the village made an important decision.
El jefe del pueblo tomó una decisión importante.
C2 noun /ˌkæl.sɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

calcification

calcificación
Meaning
The process of calcium accumulation in soil, making it hard.
Example
Calcification reduces soil permeability and affects crop growth.
La calcificación reduce la permeabilidad del suelo y afecta el crecimiento de los cultivos.
B1 noun ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

initiative

iniciativa
Meaning
An act or strategy intended to resolve a difficulty or improve a situation; a fresh approach to something.
Example
NASA's initiative to return humans to the Moon is ambitious.
La iniciativa de la NASA para devolver a los humanos a la Luna es ambiciosa.
B2 adjective /ˈræp.ɪd/

Rapid

rápido; veloz; ágil;
Meaning
happening in a short time or at a fast pace
Example
The rapid growth of technology has changed our daily lives.
El rápido crecimiento de la tecnología ha cambiado nuestra vida diaria.
B1 noun /flæʃ/

Flash

destello; resplandor
Meaning
a sudden brief burst of bright light; a very brief moment
Example
There was a bright flash of lightning followed by thunder.
Hubo un destello brillante de relámpago seguido de un trueno.
B1 noun ˈsɪs.təmz

systems

sistemas
Meaning
A set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole.
Example
Effective systems improve productivity.
Los sistemas efectivos mejoran la productividad.
C2 noun /ˈkɑr.mɪn/

Carmine

carmín
Meaning
a vivid crimson color; a red pigment obtained from cochineal
Example
The artist mixed carmine with white to create a beautiful pink shade.
El artista mezcló carmín con blanco para crear un hermoso tono rosa.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈfæt.ɪk/

Emphatic

enérgico; fuerte; expresado con fuerza y convicción
Meaning
forceful; strong; showing emphasis; expressed with force and conviction
Example
She gave an emphatic 'no' to the proposal.
Ella dio un 'no' enfático a la propuesta.
B1 noun /æks/

Axe

hacha
Meaning
a tool with a heavy blade for cutting wood
Example
The lumberjack swung his axe to chop the tree.
El leñador balanceó su hacha para cortar el árbol.
C1 noun ˈkeɪ.dəns

cadence

ritmo de habla con subida y bajada de tono
Meaning
The rhythm and flow of speech with rise and fall in tone.
Example
His speech had a natural cadence that captivated the audience.
Su discurso tenía una cadencia natural que cautivó a la audiencia.
B1 noun /ˈkærɪdʒ/

carriage

carruaje
Meaning
a vehicle, typically a four-wheeled one, used for transporting goods or people, especially in the past
Example
The royal family traveled in a beautiful carriage during parades.
La familia real viajó en un hermoso carruaje durante los desfiles.
C2 verb, noun /blæb/

blab

parlotear; irse de la lengua
Meaning
to talk too much or reveal secrets carelessly; excessive or foolish talk
Example
He accidentally blabbed the surprise to everyone.
Accidentalmente reveló la sorpresa a todos.
C1 noun /ˌspɒn.təˈneɪ.ɪ.ti/

spontaneity

espontaneidad
Meaning
The quality of being spontaneous; natural and unplanned behavior.
Example
His spontaneity makes him a great conversationalist.
Su espontaneidad lo convierte en un gran conversador.
C2 noun /ˌpaɪroʊˈmeɪniæk/

pyromaniac

persona con deseos incontrolables de incendiar cosas
Meaning
A person with an uncontrollable desire to set things on fire.
Example
The pyromaniac was arrested for setting several buildings ablaze.
El pirómano fue arrestado por incendiar varios edificios.
C2 noun əˌdʌl.təˈreɪ.ʃən

adulteration

adulteración
Meaning
The action of making something poorer in quality by the addition of another substance.
Example
Adulteration of food is a serious health risk.
La adulteración de alimentos es un serio riesgo para la salud.
B1 verb /ˈberi/

bury

enterrar
Meaning
to put in the ground; to hide; to cover completely
Example
The dog buries its bone in the yard.
El perro entierra su hueso en el jardín.
C2 adjective /ɪˈnjʊərd/

inured

acostumbrado
Meaning
Accustomed to something, especially something unpleasant.
Example
After years of hardship, she was inured to suffering.
Después de años de sufrimiento, ella estaba acostumbrada al dolor.
C1 verb /blæntʃ/

blanch

despálido
Meaning
to turn pale from shock, fear, or to briefly boil food to remove skin or prepare it
Example
She blanched at the sight of blood.
Ella se puso pálida al ver la sangre.
C2 verb /ˈtɪtər/

titter

reírse tímidamente
Meaning
to laugh in a quiet, nervous, or restrained way
Example
The students began to titter when the projector froze.
Los estudiantes comenzaron a reírse tímidamente cuando el proyector se detuvo.
C2 noun /ˌbækəˈneɪliə/

bacchanalia

fiesta desenfrenada
Meaning
A Roman festival of Bacchus celebrated with dancing, drinking, and revelry; any occasion of wild and drunken revelry.
Example
The novel describes the party as a bacchanalia of excess and joy.
La novela describe la fiesta como una bacanal de exceso y alegría.
C1 noun /ˈmɔːr.nər/

Mourner

persona que asiste a un funeral
Meaning
a person who attends a funeral or shows grief for someone who has died
Example
The mourners gathered at the cemetery to pay their respects.
Los dolientes se reunieron en el cementerio para rendir sus respetos.
C2 noun /ˌsuːdəʊəˈpɒsəl/

pseudapostle

falso apóstol
Meaning
a false or pretended apostle
Example
The preacher was condemned as a pseudapostle.
El predicador fue condenado como un falso apóstol.
C1 noun /saɪð/

scythe

hoz
Meaning
A tool with a long curved blade used for cutting grass or grain.
Example
The farmer sharpened his scythe before harvesting the wheat.
El agricultor afiló su hoz antes de cosechar el trigo.
C1 adjective /ˈtɔːrtʃərəs/

torturous

tortuoso
Meaning
Extremely painful or causing great suffering; relating to or involving torture.
Example
The journey through the desert was long and torturous.
El viaje a través del desierto fue largo y tortuoso.
C2 adjective /bɪˈwɪtʃɪŋ/

bewitching

hechizante
Meaning
charming, enchanting, or captivating in a magical or irresistible way
Example
She wore a bewitching smile that captivated everyone in the room.
Ella llevaba una sonrisa hechizante que cautivó a todos en la sala.
B1 adverb /ˈkɒnstəntli/

Constantly

constantemente; siempre; sin parar
Meaning
continuously over a period of time; always; without stopping
Example
The baby was constantly crying throughout the night.
El bebé estuvo llorando constantemente durante toda la noche.
B2 adjective /ˈpleɪfəl/

playful

juguetón, travieso
Meaning
full of fun and high spirits; lively
Example
The puppy was very playful, running around the garden.
El perrito era muy juguetón, corriendo por el jardín.
C2 noun /ˈfɪli/

filly

yegua joven
Meaning
a young female horse
Example
The filly ran swiftly across the meadow.
La potra corrió rápidamente por el campo.
A2 adjective /sɪksθ/

sixth

sexto
Meaning
coming after the fifth in order, position, or rank
Example
He finished the race in sixth place.
Terminó la carrera en sexto lugar.
B2 verb /sɔːr/

soar

elevarse / aumentar rápidamente
Meaning
to fly or rise high in the air; to increase rapidly or dramatically
Example
The eagle soared high above the mountains.
El águila voló alto sobre las montañas.
B1 adjective /ˈsɪniər/

senior

senior
Meaning
having a higher rank or status; older or more experienced
Example
He is the senior manager in the department.
Él es el gerente senior en el departamento.
B2 noun /ˈmoʊ.tɪv/

Motive

motivo; razón; impulso
Meaning
a reason for doing something; what drives someone to act
Example
The police are investigating the motive for the crime.
La policía está investigando el motivo del crimen.
B2 adverb /mɔːrˈoʊvər/

moreover

además
Meaning
Used to add information that supports or emphasizes what has already been said.
Example
The job is challenging; moreover, it requires excellent communication skills.
El trabajo es desafiante; además, requiere excelentes habilidades de comunicación.
C1 adjective /ˈsaɪt.ləs/

Sightless

ciego; sin visión
Meaning
unable to see; blind; lacking vision
Example
The sightless man navigated the street with his guide dog.
El hombre ciego navegó por la calle con su perro guía.
C2 adjective /ˈreɪ.moʊs/

ramose

ramificado
Meaning
having many branches.
Example
The ramose tree shaded the entire garden.
El árbol ramificado dio sombra a todo el jardín.
B2 noun /ˈhɛdˌkwɔːrtərz/

headquarters

sede central
Meaning
The main office or center of operations of an organization.
Example
The company’s headquarters is located in New York.
La sede central de la empresa está ubicada en Nueva York.
B2 noun /ˈfɔːr.kæst/

Forecast

pronóstico
Meaning
a prediction or estimate of future events, especially coming weather conditions
Example
The weather forecast predicted heavy rain for the entire weekend.
El pronóstico del tiempo predijo lluvias intensas para todo el fin de semana.
B2 verb /kloʊð/

clothe

vestir
Meaning
to put clothes on; to dress; to provide with clothing
Example
She clothed the baby in warm garments.
Ella vistió al bebé con ropa cálida.
C1 noun /ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən/

defamation

difamación
Meaning
the act of damaging someone's reputation by making false statements
Example
The newspaper was sued for defamation of character.
El periódico fue demandado por difamación.
C1 adjective /ˈmɔːtəl/

Mortal

mortal; perecedero; humano
Meaning
subject to death; having a limited lifespan; human
Example
All human beings are mortal and will eventually die.
Todos los seres humanos son mortales y eventualmente morirán.
A2 adjective /ˈθɜːr.sti/

Thirsty

sediento
Meaning
feeling a need to drink; having a strong desire for something
Example
I am very thirsty after running in the heat.
Estoy muy sediento después de correr en el calor.
C1 noun/verb /pɔːr/

pore

poros / estudiar cuidadosamente
Meaning
As a noun: a tiny opening in the skin or surface. As a verb: to study something carefully.
Example
She pored over the documents for hours before making a decision.
Ella estudió los documentos durante horas antes de tomar una decisión.
C1 noun ˈprəʊses stəˈbɪlɪti

process stability

estabilidad del proceso
Meaning
The consistency and steadiness of biological or functional processes
Example
Cold air ensures process stability in plants.
El aire frío asegura la estabilidad del proceso en las plantas.
C2 noun /ˈprɑːflɪɡəsi/

profligacy

derroche
Meaning
reckless wastefulness or extravagance
Example
His profligacy with money led him to bankruptcy.
Su derroche de dinero lo llevó a la bancarrota.
A1 adjective /frɛntʃ/

french

francés
Meaning
Relating to France, its people, or their language.
Example
We enjoyed delicious French cuisine on our trip to Paris.
Disfrutamos de deliciosa comida francesa en nuestro viaje a París.
C2 noun /ˈfɪlɪɡri/

filigree

trabajo ornamental delicado, generalmente de oro o plata
Meaning
delicate ornamental work of fine wire, usually of gold or silver
Example
The necklace was decorated with intricate gold filigree.
El collar estaba decorado con intrincados filigríes de oro.
A2 noun /ˈsteɪʃən/

station

estación
Meaning
a place where a particular service is provided, especially for transportation
Example
We arrived at the station just in time for the train.
Llegamos a la estación justo a tiempo para el tren.
C2 adjective /prɪˈpɒndərənt/

preponderant

preponderante
Meaning
Having superior weight, force, influence, or importance.
Example
The preponderant influence of the media shapes public opinion.
La influencia preponderante de los medios de comunicación da forma a la opinión pública.
C2 noun /ˈdaɪəˌdɛm/

diadem

diadema
Meaning
A crown or headband worn as a symbol of royalty or authority.
Example
The queen wore a glittering diadem at the coronation.
La reina llevó una diadema brillante en la coronación.
B1 noun /ˈtɛkstbʊk/

textbook

libro de texto
Meaning
a book used for studying a subject in school or college
Example
She bought a new biology textbook for her class.
Ella compró un nuevo libro de biología para su clase.
B2 verb /rɪˈzuːm/

resume

reanudar
Meaning
to start again after a pause or interruption
Example
We will resume the meeting after lunch.
Reanudaremos la reunión después del almuerzo.
B2 adjective /ˈɪn.tɪ.mət/

Intimate

íntimo; cercano; privado
Meaning
close in friendship; private and personal; detailed knowledge
Example
They have an intimate friendship that has lasted for decades.
Ellos tienen una amistad íntima que ha durado décadas.
B1 noun /prɪnt/

Print

impresión; marca; huella;
Meaning
words, letters, or pictures produced on paper using a machine; a mark made by pressing something onto a surface
Example
The book is available in both digital and print versions.
El libro está disponible en versiones tanto digitales como impresas.
C1 noun /ˌhaɪ.roʊˈɡlɪf.ɪks/

hieroglyphics

jeroglíficos
Meaning
a system of writing using pictures or symbols, used especially by ancient Egyptians
Example
The tomb walls were covered with Egyptian hieroglyphics.
Las paredes de la tumba estaban cubiertas con jeroglíficos egipcios.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜːr.tʃu.əs/

Virtuous

virtuoso; recto; moralmente excelente;
Meaning
having high moral standards; righteous; morally excellent
Example
She is known for her virtuous character and honest dealings.
Ella es conocida por su carácter virtuoso y sus tratos honestos.
A2 noun /wɪnd/

Wind

viento
Meaning
the natural movement of air, especially in the form of a current of air blowing from a particular direction
Example
The wind blew the leaves off the trees.
El viento sopló las hojas de los árboles.
B2 noun /ˈbælət/

ballot

papeleta
Meaning
a process of voting, usually in secret; the paper used to record a vote
Example
Voters cast their ballot in the election.
Los votantes emitieron su papeleta en la elección.
A1 noun /ˈlet.ər/

Letter

letra; carta
Meaning
a character representing one or more of the sounds used in speech; a written message, typically sent in an envelope
Example
She wrote a letter to her grandmother.
Ella escribió una carta a su abuela.
B1 noun /məˈkænɪk/

mechanic

mecánico
Meaning
a person who repairs and maintains machines or vehicles
Example
The mechanic fixed the engine in less than an hour.
El mecánico arregló el motor en menos de una hora.
C2 noun /ˌpɛkjʊˈleɪʃən/

peculation

malversación
Meaning
The act of embezzling or stealing money, especially from public funds.
Example
The minister resigned after being accused of peculation.
El ministro renunció después de ser acusado de malversación.
C2 noun /ˌɒstɛnˈteɪʃən/

ostentation

ostentación
Meaning
excessive display of wealth or knowledge intended to attract admiration or envy
Example
The billionaire’s party was full of ostentation and luxury.
La fiesta del multimillonario estaba llena de ostentación y lujo.
A2 adjective /əˈsliːp/

asleep

dormido
Meaning
in a state of sleep
Example
The baby is fast asleep.
El bebé está profundamente dormido.
A2 noun /ˈfiːvər/

fever

fiebre
Meaning
a medical condition in which the body temperature is higher than normal
Example
He couldn’t go to work because he had a high fever.
No pudo ir a trabajar porque tenía fiebre alta.
C1 verb /ˈpæs.ɪ.faɪ/

pacify

apaciguar
Meaning
To quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of someone.
Example
The mother tried to pacify her crying child.
La madre trató de apaciguar a su hijo que lloraba.
B2 noun /ˌpiːdiəˈtrɪʃən/

pediatrician

pediatra
Meaning
a doctor who specializes in the medical care of children
Example
The pediatrician examined the child carefully.
El pediatra examinó al niño cuidadosamente.
C1 verb /ˈkwentʃɪŋ/

quenching

saciar / apagar
Meaning
The act of satisfying thirst or extinguishing something like fire.
Example
Drinking cold water was quenching her thirst.
Beber agua fría estaba saciando su sed.
C1 adjective /ˈmaɪndləs/

mindless

sin sentido
Meaning
without thought or intelligence; done without consideration
Example
He was bored by the mindless tasks at work.
Estaba aburrido por las tareas sin sentido en el trabajo.
C2 noun /ˌfaɪ.təʊˈkem.ɪ.kəlz/

phytochemicals

fitonutrientes
Meaning
Natural chemical compounds produced by plants that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition, often having antioxidant properties.
Example
Phytochemicals in green tea help reduce inflammation.
Los fitonutrientes en el té verde ayudan a reducir la inflamación.
C1 adjective /ˈaʊt.kɑːst/

Outcast

rechazado
Meaning
rejected by society; excluded person
Example
He felt like an outcast in his new school.
Él se sintió como un rechazado en su nueva escuela.
C2 verb /bɪˈnʌm/

benumb

adormecer
Meaning
to make physically numb or without sensation; to make mentally dull or insensitive
Example
The freezing wind seemed to benumb his fingers within minutes.
El viento helado parecía adormecerle los dedos en minutos.
C2 adjective /ˈɛstɪməbl/

estimable

estimable
Meaning
Worthy of great respect.
Example
Her estimable achievements inspired the whole community.
Sus logros estimables inspiraron a toda la comunidad.
C1 noun /ˈwiː.vər/

Weaver

tejedor
Meaning
a person who makes cloth by interlacing threads on a loom
Example
The skilled weaver created intricate patterns on the silk fabric.
El hábil tejedor creó patrones intrincados en la tela de seda.
B2 noun /ɑːks/

Ox

buey
Meaning
a large strong animal used for pulling heavy loads or plowing fields
Example
The farmer used an ox to plow the field.
El agricultor usó un buey para arar el campo.
C1 noun /vɛnˈdɛtə/

vendetta

venganza
Meaning
a prolonged bitter quarrel or campaign of revenge
Example
The two families were caught in a bitter vendetta for generations.
Las dos familias estuvieron atrapadas en una amarga venganza durante generaciones.
C1 noun /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪˈeɪʃən/

differentiation

diferenciación, distinción
Meaning
The action or process of differentiating or distinguishing between things.
Example
Differentiation from competitors can create a unique market position.
La diferenciación de los competidores puede crear una posición única en el mercado.
B2 noun /ˌdel.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/

delegation

delegación
Meaning
A group of people chosen to represent others in negotiations or discussions.
Example
The delegation presented their country's agenda.
La delegación presentó la agenda de su país.
B2 verb /ɪˈkwɪp/

equip

equipar
Meaning
to provide someone or something with the necessary items or skills for a task
Example
The school equipped its students with modern technology.
La escuela equipó a sus estudiantes con tecnología moderna.
C2 adjective /ˈbeɪnfəl/

baneful

perjudicial
Meaning
Causing harm, ruin, or destruction; deadly or poisonous.
Example
His baneful influence ruined the community.
Su influencia perjudicial arruinó la comunidad.
B2 adjective /ˈfɛmənɪn/

feminine

femenino
Meaning
having qualities traditionally associated with women; feminine in nature
Example
She has a very feminine style of dressing.
Ella tiene un estilo muy femenino de vestir.
B1 noun /ˈhɛdˌlaɪn/

headline

titular
Meaning
The title of a newspaper article printed in large letters.
Example
The scandal made front-page headlines.
El escándalo hizo titulares de primera página.
C2 verb /ˈfʌdəl/

fuddle

confundir
Meaning
To confuse or stupefy, especially with alcohol or overwhelming information.
Example
The complicated instructions fuddled the new employees.
Las instrucciones complicadas confundieron a los nuevos empleados.
A1 noun /keɪk/

Cake

pastel
Meaning
a sweet baked dessert made from flour, sugar, and other ingredients
Example
They ordered a chocolate cake for the birthday party.
Pidieron un pastel de chocolate para la fiesta de cumpleaños.
B1 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈweɪt/

overweight

sobrepeso
Meaning
heavier than is considered healthy or normal
Example
The doctor advised him to lose weight as he was overweight.
El doctor le aconsejó perder peso ya que tenía sobrepeso.
B1 verb /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/

criticize

criticar
Meaning
to express disapproval or find fault with someone or something
Example
The teacher criticized the student's poor handwriting.
El maestro criticó la mala caligrafía del estudiante.
C2 noun /ˌɡæskəˈneɪd/

gasconade

presunción exagerada, jactancia
Meaning
Extravagant boasting or bragging.
Example
His endless gasconade made him unpopular among his peers.
Su interminable presunción lo hizo impopular entre sus compañeros.
C2 adjective /ˈrɛkriənt/

recreant

cobarde, traidor
Meaning
cowardly or unfaithful to duty
Example
The recreant soldier abandoned his post in fear.
El soldado cobarde abandonó su puesto por miedo.
B2 noun /ˈwɪzdəm/

Wisdom

sabiduría; conocimiento; juicio
Meaning
the quality of having experience, knowledge, and good judgment; the soundness of an action or decision
Example
Age brings wisdom and experience.
La edad trae sabiduría y experiencia.
C1 verb /dɪsˈpruːv/

disprove

refutar
Meaning
to show that something is false or wrong
Example
The scientist worked hard to disprove the old theory.
El científico trabajó duro para refutar la antigua teoría.
C2 noun /brɔːn/

brawn

fuerza física
Meaning
physical strength in contrast to intelligence
Example
He used his brawn to lift the heavy box.
Usó su fuerza física para levantar la caja pesada.
B2 noun /sloʊp/

Slope

pendiente; terreno inclinado
Meaning
an inclined surface; a piece of ground that is not level
Example
We walked up the steep slope of the mountain.
Caminamos por la empinada pendiente de la montaña.
C2 noun /mɪf/

miff

pequeña pelea
Meaning
A petty quarrel or annoyance.
Example
They had a slight miff over the seating arrangement.
Tuvieron una pequeña pelea sobre la disposición de los asientos.
B2 adverb /ˈaʊtraɪt/

Outright

directamente; completamente; sin reservas
Meaning
completely; directly; without reservation or concealment
Example
She rejected the proposal outright.
Ella rechazó la propuesta directamente.
C2 noun /ˈmeɪsə/

mesa

meseta
Meaning
An isolated flat-topped hill with steep sides, found in arid regions.
Example
The hikers stopped to admire the mesa rising above the desert floor.
Los excursionistas se detuvieron para admirar la meseta que se alzaba sobre el suelo del desierto.
C2 verb /əˈdʒʊər/

adjure

adjuramentar
Meaning
to urge or command someone solemnly, often under oath or a strong sense of duty
Example
The witness was adjured to tell the truth in court.
El testigo fue adjurado a decir la verdad en el tribunal.
C1 adjective ˈɒk.sɪ.də.tɪv

oxidative

Relacionado con la oxidación
Meaning
Related to or caused by oxidation, especially cellular damage from free radicals.
Example
Excess stress can lead to oxidative damage in cells.
El estrés excesivo puede causar daño oxidativo en las células.
C2 verb /prɪˈpɒndəreɪt/

preponderate

preponderar
Meaning
To be greater in influence, weight, or number.
Example
In the debate, logical arguments preponderated over emotional appeals.
En el debate, los argumentos lógicos preponderaron sobre las apelaciones emocionales.
A2 noun /ɪŋk/

Ink

tinta
Meaning
a colored fluid used for writing, drawing, or printing; a dark liquid ejected by cuttlefish
Example
The old fountain pen leaked ink all over his white shirt during the meeting.
El viejo bolígrafo perdió tinta por toda su camisa blanca durante la reunión.
B2 verb /ˈsɜːrkjəˌleɪt/

circulate

circular, mover
Meaning
to move continuously or freely through a closed system or area
Example
Air circulated freely in the open hall.
El aire circulaba libremente en el pasillo abierto.
B2 verb /ˈɔːdɪt/

audit

auditar
Meaning
to examine and verify financial records or accounts officially
Example
The accountant will audit the company's books next month.
El contador auditará los libros de la empresa el próximo mes.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛrɪtəbl/

veritable

verdadero
Meaning
used to emphasize that something is genuine or true
Example
The house was a veritable palace compared to ours.
La casa era un verdadero palacio comparado con la nuestra.
A2 verb /dəˈrɛkt/ or /daɪˈrɛkt/

direct

dirigir
Meaning
to manage or control the course of something; to give instructions
Example
She directed the team to complete the project on time.
Ella dirigió al equipo para completar el proyecto a tiempo.
C2 noun /ˈbɔːlsəm/

Balsam

flor de bálsamo
Meaning
a flowering plant with colorful blooms that often open in the evening; also refers to aromatic resin
Example
The garden balsam flowers bloomed beautifully in various shades of pink and purple.
Las flores de bálsamo del jardín florecieron hermosamente en varios tonos de rosa y morado.
B2 noun /saɪˈkaɪətri/

psychiatry

psiquiatría
Meaning
the branch of medicine focused on the study and treatment of mental illness
Example
She decided to study psychiatry to help people with mental health issues.
Ella decidió estudiar psiquiatría para ayudar a las personas con problemas de salud mental.
C2 adjective /sɪˈnɒptɪk/

synoptic

sinóptico
Meaning
giving a general overview or summary; presenting a broad view
Example
The report offers a synoptic view of climate trends over the past century.
El informe ofrece una vista sinóptica de las tendencias climáticas del siglo pasado.
C1 noun /ˈdeɪ.ə.ti/

deity

deidad
Meaning
a god or goddess
Example
The temple is dedicated to a Hindu deity.
El templo está dedicado a una deidad hindú.
B1 noun /ˈmɪr.ɪ.kəl/

Miracle

milagro
Meaning
An extraordinary and welcome event that cannot be explained by natural or scientific laws
Example
The patient's recovery was called a miracle by the doctors.
La recuperación del paciente fue llamada un milagro por los doctores.
C2 noun /ˈʃɑːdənfrɔɪdə/

schadenfreude

placer derivado de la desgracia ajena
Meaning
pleasure derived from another person's misfortune
Example
He felt a sense of schadenfreude when his rival failed.
Sintió una sensación de schadenfreude cuando su rival fracasó.