high-flown
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C2 adjective /ˌhaɪ ˈfloʊn/

high-flown

pomposo
Meaning
Using fancy or pretentious language; lofty in style but often overblown.
Example
The politician gave a high-flown speech full of promises.
El político dio un discurso pomposo lleno de promesas.
C1 noun səˈlɪnɪti ɪnˈtruːʒən

salinity intrusion

intrusión de salinidad
Meaning
The movement of salt water into freshwater areas, typically affecting coastal regions.
Example
Salinity intrusion affects coastal regions.
La intrusión de salinidad afecta las regiones costeras.
C1 noun /ˌbɪbliˈɒɡrəfi/

bibliography

bibliografía
Meaning
a list of books, articles, or other sources used or referred to in scholarly work
Example
The report includes a detailed bibliography at the end.
El informe incluye una bibliografía detallada al final.
B2 noun /vaɪs/

Vice

vicio; mala costumbre; defecto moral
Meaning
an immoral or wicked behavior; a moral failing or fault
Example
Smoking is his only vice.
Fumar es su único vicio.
A1 adverb /təˈdeɪ/

Today

hoy
Meaning
on this day; at the present time
Example
Today is a beautiful day for a walk.
Hoy es un hermoso día para caminar.
C1 noun /tiˈɑː.rə/

Tiara

tiara
Meaning
a jeweled ornamental crown worn on formal occasions
Example
The princess wore a sparkling diamond tiara at the royal ball.
La princesa llevó una tiara de diamantes brillantes en el baile real.
B1 verb /ˈɛmfəˌsaɪz/

emphasize

enfatizar
Meaning
to give special importance or attention to something
Example
The teacher emphasized the importance of homework.
El maestro enfatizó la importancia de la tarea.
B2 adverb /ˈpjʊərli/

purely

puramente
Meaning
only and completely; entirely
Example
The decision was purely based on economic factors.
La decisión se basó puramente en factores económicos.
B2 adverb /ˈædɪkwətli/

adequately

de manera adecuada
Meaning
in a satisfactory manner
Example
He completed the task adequately, but could improve next time.
Completó la tarea de manera adecuada, pero podría mejorar la próxima vez.
B1 noun /ˈhaʊswaɪf/

housewife

ama de casa
Meaning
a married woman who manages a household and whose main occupation is caring for her family and home
Example
She chose to work as a housewife while raising her children.
Ella decidió ser ama de casa mientras criaba a sus hijos.
C2 adjective /ˈhɛtərəˌdɒks/

heterodox

heterodoxo
Meaning
not conforming with accepted or orthodox standards or beliefs
Example
The professor was known for his heterodox views on religion.
El profesor era conocido por sus puntos de vista heterodoxos sobre la religión.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpiənt/

incipient

incipiente
Meaning
in an initial stage; beginning to develop
Example
The incipient storm made the sky turn dark and heavy.
La tormenta incipiente hizo que el cielo se volviera oscuro y pesado.
B1 noun /ˈbeɪ.kɪŋ ˈsoʊ.də/

Baking Soda

bicarbonato de sodio
Meaning
sodium bicarbonate used in cooking and baking as a leavening agent
Example
Add a teaspoon of baking soda to make the cake fluffy.
Agrega una cucharadita de bicarbonato de sodio para hacer el pastel esponjoso.
B2 adverb /ˈbəʊld.li/

Boldly

valientemente; sin miedo
Meaning
in a confident and brave way; without fear
Example
She boldly stepped forward to face the challenge.
Ella dio un paso adelante con valentía para enfrentar el desafío.
B2 noun /ˈdiːtʊr/

detour

desvío
Meaning
A longer or less direct route taken to avoid something or reach a destination.
Example
We had to take a detour because the main road was closed.
Tuvimos que tomar un desvío porque la carretera principal estaba cerrada.
C1 noun /bəˈbuːn/

Baboon

babuino
Meaning
a large African and Arabian primate with a dog-like snout and colorful buttocks
Example
The baboon troop gathered around the watering hole in the savanna.
El grupo de babuinos se reunió alrededor del agujero de agua en la sabana.
C1 noun/verb /ˈskɜːrmɪʃ/

skirmish

escaramuza
Meaning
a small or brief fight between groups of soldiers; to engage in such a fight
Example
The soldiers got into a skirmish near the border.
Los soldados se metieron en una escaramuza cerca de la frontera.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈθrɔː.lɪŋ/

enthralling

fascinante
Meaning
Captivating and holding one's attention completely; fascinating.
Example
The movie was enthralling, keeping the audience engaged till the end.
La película fue fascinante, manteniendo al público cautivado hasta el final.
C1 verb /ˈpærəfreɪz/

paraphrase

felicidad
Meaning
To express the meaning of something using different words, often to make it clearer.
Example
The teacher asked the students to paraphrase the poem in their own words.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
A2 verb /rɪˈpleɪs/

replace

reemplazar
Meaning
to take the place of something or someone; to put something new in place of something old
Example
He decided to replace the broken lamp with a new one.
Él decidió reemplazar la lámpara rota por una nueva.
C1 verb /ˈbɒɡəl/

boggle

asombrar
Meaning
to overwhelm or confuse; to be astonished or puzzled by something
Example
The complexity of the puzzle boggled his mind.
La complejidad del rompecabezas asombró su mente.
B2 noun /kɒd fɪʃ/

Cod fish

bacalao
Meaning
A large marine fish with white flesh, commonly used for food
Example
The fisherman caught a large cod fish in the North Atlantic.
El pescador atrapó un gran bacalao en el Atlántico Norte.
B2 noun ˈsoʊʃəl rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti

social responsibility

responsabilidad social
Meaning
The duty to act in ways that benefit society as a whole.
Example
Social responsibility should be part of the education curriculum.
La responsabilidad social debe ser parte del currículo educativo.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈvaɪ.t̬əl.aɪz/

revitalize

revitalizar
Meaning
To restore energy and effectiveness to something.
Example
The new policies aim to revitalize the economy.
Las nuevas políticas tienen como objetivo revitalizar la economía.
C1 noun dɛkˈstɛr.ɪ.ti

dexterity

destreza
Meaning
Skill in performing tasks, especially with the hands; mental skill or adroitness.
Example
His dexterity in playing the piano amazed the audience.
Su destreza al tocar el piano asombró al público.
C2 noun /ˈsɔː.dər/

Sawder

adulación; halagos falsos
Meaning
flattering or wheedling talk; soft soap
Example
His sawder couldn't convince anyone of his sincerity.
Su adulación no pudo convencer a nadie de su sinceridad.
C2 verb /voʊˈsɪfəˌreɪt/

vociferate

vociferar
Meaning
to shout, complain, or argue loudly or vehemently
Example
The protesters vociferated against the unfair law.
Los manifestantes vociferaron contra la ley injusta.
C1 adjective /əˈdɛpt/

adept

hábil
Meaning
Very skilled or proficient at something.
Example
She is adept at solving complex mathematical problems.
Ella es hábil para resolver problemas matemáticos complejos.
C2 adjective /ˈkjʊərətɪv/

curative

curativo
Meaning
Able to cure disease or restore health.
Example
The doctor prescribed a curative treatment for the illness.
El médico prescribió un tratamiento curativo para la enfermedad.
B2 noun, verb /kjuːb/

cube

cubo
Meaning
As a noun: a solid object with six equal square faces. As a verb: to cut food into small square pieces.
Example
She put a sugar cube in her tea.
Ella puso un cubo de azúcar en su té.
C2 adjective /ˈɑːsɪˌfaɪd/

ossified

convertido en hueso, rígido
Meaning
Turned into bone or become rigid; unwilling to change.
Example
The company had an ossified management structure that resisted innovation.
La empresa tenía una estructura de gestión rígida que resistía la innovación.
B2 noun /ˈspɒnsəʃɪp/

sponsorship

patrocinio
Meaning
the act of supporting an event, activity, person, or organization financially or through other resources
Example
The event was made possible due to the sponsorship of several big companies.
El evento fue posible gracias al patrocinio de varias grandes empresas.
B2 noun /ʌnˈrest/

Unrest

inquietud; disturbio; agitación social
Meaning
a state of dissatisfaction and disturbance; social or political disorder
Example
The economic crisis led to widespread social unrest.
La crisis económica llevó a una amplia inquietud social.
C2 adjective /ˌɛkstrəˌdʒuːˈdɪʃəl/

extrajudicial

extrajudicial
Meaning
done outside the authority of the legal system or judicial process
Example
The activists condemned the extrajudicial killings.
Los activistas condenaron los asesinatos extrajudiciales.
B2 adverb /rɪˈpɔːtɪdli/

reportedly

según se dice
Meaning
according to what is said or believed, although not confirmed
Example
The company has reportedly agreed to the new terms.
La empresa ha acordado reportedly los nuevos términos.
B1 adjective /ˈtɪpɪkəl/

typical

relacionado con las características comunes de un tipo particular de persona o cosa
Meaning
having the usual qualities of a particular type of person or thing
Example
It was a typical summer day, hot and humid.
Era un día típico de verano, caluroso y húmedo.
B1 noun /ɪnˈstrʌkʃən/

instruction

instrucción
Meaning
Detailed information telling how something should be done or operated.
Example
Please read the instruction carefully before using the machine.
Por favor, lea la instrucción cuidadosamente antes de usar la máquina.
C1 adjective /ˈdesələt/

Desolate

desierto; solitario; árido
Meaning
deserted; lonely; barren
Example
The abandoned village looked desolate and empty.
El pueblo abandonado se veía desolado y vacío.
C2 noun /rɪˈmɒnstrəns/

remonstrance

protesta
Meaning
A forceful protest or objection.
Example
The workers’ remonstrance against unfair treatment was ignored.
La protesta de los trabajadores contra el trato injusto fue ignorada.
B2 noun ˈvɜː.tʃu.əl ˈklɑːs.ruːmz

virtual classrooms

aulas virtuales
Meaning
An online learning environment where teachers and students interact via digital platforms.
Example
Virtual classrooms enable remote learning for students worldwide.
Las aulas virtuales permiten el aprendizaje remoto para los estudiantes de todo el mundo.
C2 noun /ʃɪˈfɒn/

chiffon

chifón
Meaning
A lightweight, sheer fabric often used in dresses or scarves.
Example
She wore a beautiful chiffon dress at the party.
Ella llevaba un hermoso vestido de chifón en la fiesta.
B1 verb /rɪˈviːl/

reveal

revelar
Meaning
to make known or show something that was hidden
Example
The investigation revealed the truth.
La investigación reveló la verdad.
C1 noun ɪmˈpɛə(r)mənt

impairment

daño, discapacidad
Meaning
The state of being damaged or weakened; a disability or handicap.
Example
Hearing impairment can be caused by long-term exposure to loud noise.
La pérdida auditiva puede ser causada por la exposición prolongada a ruidos fuertes.
C2 noun /ˌpɜːrtərˈbeɪʃn/

perturbation

perturbación
Meaning
A state of anxiety, disturbance, or disorder.
Example
The announcement caused a perturbation in the financial markets.
El anuncio causó una perturbación en los mercados financieros.
C1 noun /ədˈhɪərənt/

adherent

seguidor
Meaning
a person who supports or follows a particular belief, cause, or leader
Example
He is a strong adherent of democratic values.
Él es un fuerte seguidor de los valores democráticos.
B2 adjective /ræʃ/

rash

impulsivo, imprudente
Meaning
Acting quickly without careful consideration; reckless.
Example
It was a rash decision to invest without research.
Fue una decisión imprudente invertir sin investigación.
C1 verb /əbˈstrʌkt/

obstruct

obstruir
Meaning
to block or hinder progress; to prevent or impede movement
Example
The fallen tree obstructed the road for several hours.
El árbol caído obstruyó el camino durante varias horas.
C1 noun /ˈlaɪtʃi/

Litchi

lichi
Meaning
a small oval pink-red tropical fruit with white translucent flesh and sweet taste
Example
The litchi has a rough pink shell that you peel to eat the sweet white fruit inside.
El litchi tiene una cáscara rosa rugosa que se pela para comer la fruta blanca y dulce en su interior.
B2 noun /pledʒ/

Pledge

compromiso; promesa; garantía;
Meaning
a solemn promise or undertaking; something given as security for a loan; a commitment or guarantee
Example
He made a pledge to donate money to charity.
Hizo un compromiso de donar dinero a la caridad.
C1 noun /ˈriːbeɪt/

rebate

descuento/reembolso
Meaning
a partial refund given to someone who has paid too much money for something
Example
The store offered a rebate on bulk purchases.
La tienda ofreció un descuento en compras al por mayor.
C2 noun /skriːd/

screed

escrito largo y tedioso
Meaning
a long, tedious piece of writing or speech; also a layer of material like cement spread on a surface
Example
He delivered a long screed against corruption.
Él entregó un largo escrito contra la corrupción.
C2 verb /slʌf/ or /sluː/

slough

desprender la piel / zona pantanosa
Meaning
To shed or cast off (like dead skin); also a swampy or muddy area.
Example
The snake sloughed off its old skin.
La serpiente se desprendió de su piel vieja.
C1 noun /ˈtaɪ.ɡrəs/

Tigress

tigresa
Meaning
an adult female tiger
Example
The powerful tigress hunted silently through the jungle.
La poderosa tigresa cazó silenciosamente a través de la jungla.
B2 adverb /ˈliːɡəli/

legally

legalmente
Meaning
in a way that is allowed by law
Example
He is legally responsible for his actions.
Él es legalmente responsable por sus acciones.
B1 verb /rɪˈfɜː/

refer

referir
Meaning
to mention or allude to something; to direct someone to a source of information
Example
Please refer to page 45 for more details.
Por favor, consulte la página 45 para más detalles.
B2 noun /ˈʃʌv.əl/

Shovel

pala
Meaning
a tool with a broad flat blade and long handle used for digging and moving earth, snow, or other materials
Example
He grabbed a shovel to clear the snow from the driveway.
Él agarró una pala para limpiar la nieve del camino de entrada.
C1 adjective ˌnɒnˈvɜːr.bəl

nonverbal

no verbal
Meaning
Communication using body language, facial expressions, or gestures instead of words
Example
Nonverbal cues play a crucial role in effective communication.
Las señales no verbales juegan un papel crucial en la comunicación efectiva.
C1 noun /ˈhɛzɪtənsi/

hesitancy

vacilación
Meaning
The tendency to pause or delay due to uncertainty or fear.
Example
His hesitancy in answering made everyone doubt his confidence.
Su vacilación al responder hizo que todos dudaran de su confianza.
B1 noun /ɪnˈθjuː.zi.æz.əm/

Enthusiasm

entusiasmo; fervor; ardor
Meaning
intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval
Example
Her enthusiasm for the project inspired the entire team.
Su entusiasmo por el proyecto inspiró a todo el equipo.
C1 noun /ˈɡreɪdiənt/

gradient

pendiente
Meaning
A gradual slope, or the degree of inclination of a surface.
Example
The cyclist struggled up the steep gradient of the hill.
El ciclista luchó para subir la empinada pendiente de la colina.
A2 adjective /ˈjuːs.ləs/

Useless

inútil
Meaning
having no beneficial purpose; not useful
Example
This broken computer is completely useless.
Esta computadora rota está completamente inútil.
C2 noun /weɪf/

Waif

niño huérfano o abandonado; una persona o animal vagabundo
Meaning
a homeless or abandoned child; a stray person or animal
Example
The charity helps waifs and strays find homes and families.
La caridad ayuda a los huérfanos y a los vagabundos a encontrar hogares y familias.
B1 noun /dɪˈzɜːrts/ (noun: reward or punishment deserved)

deserts

lo que alguien merece, especialmente un castigo o recompensa
Meaning
what someone deserves, especially punishment or reward
Example
He finally got his just deserts for cheating in the exam.
Finalmente recibió su castigo por hacer trampa en el examen.
A2 noun /ˈriːdər/

reader

lector
Meaning
a person who reads or who is capable of reading
Example
She is a fast reader, finishing books in a day.
Ella es una lectora rápida, termina libros en un día.
C1 noun /ˈhɜː.mɪt/

Hermit

una persona que vive en soledad como una disciplina religiosa; alguien que se retira de la sociedad
Meaning
a person living in solitude as a religious discipline; someone who withdraws from society
Example
The old hermit lived alone in a small cabin deep in the mountains, away from civilization.
El viejo ermitaño vivía solo en una pequeña cabaña en lo profundo de las montañas, lejos de la civilización.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈkuːθ/

uncouth

grosero
Meaning
Lacking good manners, refinement, or grace; awkward or rough.
Example
His uncouth behavior shocked the guests at the party.
Su comportamiento grosero sorprendió a los invitados en la fiesta.
A2 adjective /skɛrd/

scared

asustado
Meaning
feeling afraid or worried
Example
She was scared of the dark.
Ella tenía miedo de la oscuridad.
C2 adjective /rɪˈmɪs/

remiss

negligente
Meaning
Negligent in performing a duty or responsibility.
Example
The manager was remiss in not checking the financial reports carefully.
El gerente fue negligente al no revisar cuidadosamente los informes financieros.
A1 pronoun /jɔːrˈsɛlf/

yourself

a ti mismo
Meaning
used to refer to the person being addressed, often for emphasis or reflection
Example
You should look after yourself.
Debes cuidarte a ti mismo.
C1 verb /əbˈsɛs/

obsess

obsesionarse
Meaning
To preoccupy or fill the mind of someone continually and to an excessive degree.
Example
She tends to obsess over small details.
Ella tiende a obsesionarse con los pequeños detalles.
C2 adjective /ˈlaɪðsəm/

lithesome

flexible y grácil
Meaning
gracefully flexible and supple
Example
Her lithesome figure allowed her to move like a ballerina.
Su figura flexible le permitió moverse como una bailarina.
B2 noun ˈɪndɪkeɪtə

indicator

indicador
Meaning
A thing that indicates the state or level of something.
Example
The unemployment rate is a key indicator of economic health.
La tasa de desempleo es un indicador clave de la salud económica.
A1 noun ˈfoʊtoʊz

Photos

fotos
Meaning
Photographs; pictures taken with a camera.
Example
Adding photos to a family tree makes it more personal.
Añadir fotos a un árbol genealógico lo hace más personal.
B1 noun ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv

alternative

alternativa
Meaning
(Of one or more things) available as another possibility or choice.
Example
Finding an alternative to plastic is essential.
Encontrar una alternativa al plástico es esencial.
C1 noun, adjective /ˌpəʊstˈmɔːtəm/

postmortem

autopsia
Meaning
An examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death.
Example
The doctor carried out a postmortem on the body.
El doctor realizó una autopsia al cuerpo.
C1 noun /səˈlɛmnɪti/

solemnity

solemnidad
Meaning
the state or quality of being serious and dignified
Example
The ceremony was conducted with great solemnity.
La ceremonia se realizó con gran solemnidad.
C2 adjective, noun /pləˈbiːən/

plebeian

persona común
Meaning
common, ordinary, or belonging to the lower social classes
Example
The festival was enjoyed by both plebeian and noble citizens.
El festival fue disfrutado tanto por los plebeyos como por los ciudadanos nobles.
B1 verb /ɪmˈpɔːrt/

import

importar
Meaning
to bring goods or services into a country from abroad; to transfer data
Example
The country imports oil from abroad.
El país importa petróleo del extranjero.
C2 adjective /æbˈhɔːr.ənt/

Abhorrent

aborrecible; repugnante
Meaning
extremely unpleasant and causing disgust; detestable
Example
The idea of animal cruelty is abhorrent to most people.
La idea de la crueldad animal es aborrecible para la mayoría de la gente.
C1 noun ˈlɪniɪdʒ

Lineage

linaje
Meaning
Direct descent from an ancestor; ancestry or pedigree.
Example
Tracing your lineage can reveal unknown ancestors.
Rastrear tu linaje puede revelar antepasados desconocidos.
A2 preposition /tɔːrdz/

towards

hacia
Meaning
in the direction of
Example
He is running towards the park.
Él está corriendo hacia el parque.
B1 adjective /pərˈtɪk.jʊ.lər/

particular

particular
Meaning
specific or special; distinct from others
Example
He is very particular about his diet.
Él es muy particular con su dieta.
B1 noun /tʃɑːrm/

Charm

encanto; hechizo; amabilidad
Meaning
the power or quality of giving delight or arousing admiration; a magical spell or talisman
Example
Her natural charm and wit made her popular at social gatherings.
Su encanto natural y agudeza la hicieron popular en las reuniones sociales.
A1 pronoun /ðɛər/

their

su
Meaning
belonging to or associated with the people or things previously mentioned
Example
Their house is on the corner.
Su casa está en la esquina.
B2 noun prəˈsiːdɪŋz

proceedings

procedimientos
Meaning
An event or a series of activities involving a formal or set procedure.
Example
The proceedings discussed language issues.
Los procedimientos discutieron los problemas del lenguaje.
C2 adjective /ˌpəʊstˈprændɪəl/

postprandial

postprandial
Meaning
Occurring after a meal.
Example
He went for a postprandial walk after dinner.
Fue a caminar después de la cena postprandial.
C2 noun /ˈbɑːrbərɪzəm/

Barbarism

bárbaro
Meaning
extreme cruelty or brutality; absence of culture and civilization
Example
The barbarism of the war crimes shocked the entire international community.
El barbarismo de los crímenes de guerra sorprendió a toda la comunidad internacional.
C2 noun /əˈplɒm/

aplomb

aplomo
Meaning
Complete and confident self-assurance or poise.
Example
She handled the difficult questions with aplomb.
Ella manejó las preguntas difíciles con aplomo.
C1 noun /kəˈres/

Caress

caricia
Meaning
a gentle or loving touch
Example
The mother's gentle caress calmed the crying baby.
El suave cariño de la madre calmó al bebé llorando.
B2 noun /beɪ liːf/

Bay leaf

hoja de laurel
Meaning
dried aromatic leaf of the bay laurel tree used as a culinary herb
Example
Add a bay leaf to the soup for extra flavor.
Añade una hoja de laurel a la sopa para un sabor extra.
C1 verb /dʌb/

dub

doblar
Meaning
to give a name or label to something; to add a soundtrack to a film or recording
Example
The movie was dubbed into several languages for international release.
La película fue doblada a varios idiomas para su lanzamiento internacional.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəˈsjuːmɪŋ/

unassuming

modesto
Meaning
Not pretentious or arrogant; modest.
Example
Despite his success, he remained unassuming and humble.
A pesar de su éxito, siguió siendo modesto y humilde.
A1 noun /pɔɪnt/

Point

punto; detalle; propósito
Meaning
a particular detail, idea, or fact; the sharp end of something
Example
What's the point of arguing about this issue?
¿Cuál es el punto de discutir sobre este asunto?
A2 adjective /ˈhelp.fəl/

Helpful

útil; beneficioso
Meaning
giving or providing assistance; useful; beneficial
Example
She was very helpful in organizing the event.
Ella fue muy útil en la organización del evento.
A2 noun /ˈbʌk.ɪt/

Bucket

balde
Meaning
a roughly cylindrical open container with a handle, used to hold and carry liquids
Example
The farmer filled the bucket with fresh water from the well.
El granjero llenó el balde con agua fresca del pozo.
B2 noun /ˈriːteɪlər/

retailer

minorista
Meaning
a person or business that sells goods to consumers rather than to other businesses
Example
The retailer offers discounts on electronic products.
El minorista ofrece descuentos en productos electrónicos.
C2 noun /ˈklaɪmɪŋ fɪʃ/

Climbing-fish

pez trepador
Meaning
a type of fish that can climb trees and survive out of water for short periods
Example
The climbing-fish can move from one pond to another by climbing trees.
El pez trepador puede moverse de un estanque a otro trepando árboles.
A2 adverb /əˈhɛd/

ahead

adelante
Meaning
in front; in advance; before someone or something in position or progress
Example
She walked ahead of the group.
Ella caminó adelante del grupo.
B1 noun /ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/

citizenship

ciudadanía
Meaning
the status of being a recognized member of a state or country, with rights and duties
Example
He applied for American citizenship after living there for ten years.
Solicitó la ciudadanía estadounidense después de vivir allí durante diez años.
C2 verb /ˈmɪlɪˌteɪt/

militate

obstruir
Meaning
to have a strong effect against something; to work as a powerful factor in preventing or influencing an outcome
Example
His lack of experience will militate against his promotion.
La falta de experiencia de él obstaculizará su promoción.
A1 adjective/noun /fɔːrθ/

fourth

cuarto
Meaning
Constituting number four in a sequence; coming after the third in position.
Example
He finished in fourth place in the race.
Terminó en el cuarto lugar en la carrera.
C1 noun /kɑst/

Caste

casta; sistema de castas
Meaning
a social class system; a hereditary class of Hindu society
Example
The ancient caste system divided society into different social groups.
El antiguo sistema de castas dividió la sociedad en diferentes grupos sociales.
C2 adjective sɑːˈtɔːrɪəl

sartorial

relacionado con la ropa o el estilo
Meaning
Of or relating to clothing or style or manner of dress.
Example
His sartorial choices were always on trend and admired.
Sus elecciones sartoriales siempre estaban a la moda y eran admiradas.
C2 noun /ˈɪɡ.nəˌmɪn.i/

ignominy

ignominia
Meaning
Public shame, disgrace, or dishonor.
Example
He lived the rest of his life in ignominy after the scandal.
Vivió el resto de su vida en ignominia después del escándalo.
C1 noun /ˈsɔː.dʌst/

sawdust

aserrín
Meaning
The tiny particles of wood produced by sawing or sanding.
Example
The floor was covered with sawdust from the carpentry work.
El suelo estaba cubierto con aserrín del trabajo de carpintería.
A1 noun /ˈtiːˈviː/

tv

televisión
Meaning
a device used to receive television broadcasts
Example
I watch my favorite shows on TV every evening.
Veo mis programas favoritos en la televisión todas las noches.
C1 noun /bɒmˈbɑːrdmənt/

bombardment

bombardeo
Meaning
a continuous attack with bombs or other projectiles
Example
The city endured a heavy bombardment during the war.
La ciudad soportó un fuerte bombardeo durante la guerra.
C1 noun /mɪˈlɛniəm/

millennium

milenio
Meaning
a period of one thousand years; often used to mark an anniversary
Example
The year 2000 was celebrated as the beginning of a new millennium.
El año 2000 se celebró como el comienzo de un nuevo milenio.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdaɪt/

indict

acusar
Meaning
to formally accuse someone of committing a serious crime
Example
The grand jury decided to indict the politician for corruption.
El gran jurado decidió acusar al político por corrupción.
B2 adjective /prɛsˈtɪdʒəs/

prestigious

prestigioso
Meaning
having a high reputation; respected
Example
Harvard University is one of the most prestigious universities in the world.
La Universidad de Harvard es una de las universidades más prestigiosas del mundo.
C1 noun /kwɔːrˈtɛt/

quartet

cuarteto
Meaning
A group of four people playing music or singing together.
Example
The string quartet performed beautifully at the concert.
El cuarteto de cuerdas actuó maravillosamente en el concierto.
C1 noun /stents/

stents

stents
Meaning
Small mesh tubes used to treat narrow or blocked arteries.
Example
Stents were successfully placed using robotic techniques.
Los stents fueron colocados con éxito utilizando técnicas robóticas.
C2 noun /ˈprɒvəndər/

provender

alimento para el ganado
Meaning
food or provisions, especially for livestock
Example
The barn was filled with provender for the cattle.
El granero estaba lleno de alimento para el ganado.
A1 verb /ˈkæri/

carry

llevar
Meaning
To support and move something or someone from one place to another.
Example
She carried the bag across the street.
Ella llevó la bolsa al otro lado de la calle.
C2 adjective /ˈseɪpiənt/

sapient

sabio
Meaning
Wise, or appearing to be wise.
Example
The professor gave a sapient response to the complex question.
El profesor dio una respuesta sabia a la compleja pregunta.
C1 adjective /ˈpɒp.jʊ.ləs/

Populous

populoso
Meaning
having a large population; densely populated; crowded with people
Example
China is the most populous country in the world.
China es el país más poblado del mundo.
C1 noun /rəˈviːn/

ravine

desfiladero
Meaning
A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
Example
The river carved a deep ravine through the mountains.
El río formó un profundo desfiladero a través de las montañas.
C2 adjective /ɪˈrɛzəluːt/

irresolute

indeciso
Meaning
uncertain or indecisive; lacking determination
Example
He stood irresolute at the crossroads, unsure which path to take.
Él se quedó indeciso en el cruce de caminos, sin saber qué camino tomar.
B2 noun /ˈsɜr.neɪm/

Surname

apellido
Meaning
a hereditary name common to all members of a family; family name
Example
Please write your first name and surname on the form.
Por favor, escriba su primer nombre y apellido en el formulario.
C2 noun /haɪnd/

Hind

cierva
Meaning
a female deer, especially a red deer
Example
The hind protected her fawn from predators.
La cierva protegió a su cría de los depredadores.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈvɜːrtɪbəl/

indivertible

no desviable
Meaning
Not able to be turned aside or diverted.
Example
The judge's indivertible attention was on the case.
La atención del juez no podía desviarse del caso.