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B1 noun ɡlæns

glance

vista rápida
Meaning
A quick or brief look.
Example
He glanced at the river and felt calm.
Él echó un vistazo al río y se sintió tranquilo.
C1 noun ˌɒp.tɪ.maɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

optimization

optimización
Meaning
Improving processes to increase performance and efficiency.
Example
SEO optimization helps websites rank higher on search engines.
La optimización de SEO ayuda a los sitios web a obtener un rango más alto en los motores de búsqueda.
B2 adjective /ɪˈlæs.tɪk/

Elastic

elástico
Meaning
able to stretch and return to original shape; flexible; adaptable
Example
The elastic band can stretch and return to its original shape.
La banda elástica puede estirarse y volver a su forma original.
C1 adjective /ˈskwiːmɪʃ/

squeamish

fácilmente propenso a sentirse enfermo, mareado o disgustado
Meaning
easily made to feel sick, faint, or disgusted
Example
She felt squeamish at the sight of blood.
Se sintió mareada al ver sangre.
B2 verb, noun /ɡrɪn/

grin

sonreír ampliamente, a menudo mostrando los dientes
Meaning
to smile broadly, often showing teeth
Example
She grinned happily at the good news.
Ella sonrió felizmente al escuchar las buenas noticias.
B2 verb /reɪl/

rail

quejarse
Meaning
to complain or protest strongly about something
Example
He railed against the unfair decision.
Él se quejó contra la decisión injusta.
C2 adjective /ˈærənt/

arrant

completo, absoluto
Meaning
complete or utter (used negatively, e.g., 'arrant nonsense')
Example
His excuse was arrant nonsense.
Su excusa fue una tontería absoluta.
B2 adjective /ˈtʃaɪld.laɪk/

Childlike

como un niño; inocente y confiado; puro y simple
Meaning
innocent and trusting like a child; having the good qualities of a child; pure and simple
Example
She maintained a childlike wonder about the world around her.
Ella mantuvo una asombro infantil por el mundo a su alrededor.
C1 noun, adjective /ˌæntiˈsɛptɪk/

antiseptic

antiséptico
Meaning
A substance that prevents the growth of disease-causing microorganisms; clean and free from germs.
Example
The nurse applied an antiseptic to the wound.
La enfermera aplicó un antiséptico a la herida.
C1 adjective /prəˈfeɪn/

profane

profano, irreverente
Meaning
showing disrespect or contempt for sacred things; irreverent or vulgar
Example
His jokes were considered too profane for the ceremony.
Sus chistes fueron considerados demasiado profanos para la ceremonia.
B1 noun, adjective, verb /tɛns/

tense

tenso / tiempo verbal
Meaning
a grammatical category showing time reference; stretched tight or anxious
Example
She felt tense before the interview.
Ella se sintió tensa antes de la entrevista.
C1 verb /splaɪs/

splice

unir
Meaning
to join two pieces of rope, film, or other material by weaving or attaching them together
Example
The technician spliced the two wires to restore the connection.
El técnico unió los dos cables para restaurar la conexión.
B2 noun /ˈwɪldərnəs/

Wilderness

región salvaje; territorio inexplorado; desierto
Meaning
an uncultivated, uninhabited, and inhospitable region; a wild or uncultivated state
Example
They got lost in the wilderness for three days.
Se perdieron en la naturaleza durante tres días.
C1 verb /ˈklæmbər/

clamber

escalar con dificultad
Meaning
to climb with effort or difficulty, often using both hands and feet
Example
The children clambered over the rocks to reach the cave.
Los niños escalaron las rocas para llegar a la cueva.
C1 noun /ˌbɪbliˈɒɡrəfi/

bibliography

bibliografía
Meaning
a list of books, articles, or other sources used or referred to in scholarly work
Example
The report includes a detailed bibliography at the end.
El informe incluye una bibliografía detallada al final.
C1 verb /kənˈtraɪv/

contrive

idear
Meaning
to plan or devise cleverly or skillfully
Example
She contrived a clever plan to surprise her friends.
Ella ideó un plan ingenioso para sorprender a sus amigos.
B2 noun /ɡloʊb/

Globe

objeto esférico; la tierra; un modelo esférico de la tierra
Meaning
a spherical or rounded object; the earth; a spherical model of the earth
Example
The teacher used a globe to show the students the locations of different countries.
El maestro usó un globo para mostrar a los estudiantes las ubicaciones de diferentes países.
C2 noun /ˌfrɪdʒɪˈdɛːriəm/

frigidarium

baño frío
Meaning
a large cold pool in ancient Roman baths used for cooling off after hot baths
Example
The ruins of the Roman frigidarium are still visible today.
Las ruinas del frigidarium romano todavía son visibles hoy en día.
B1 noun /ˈviːɪkəl/

Vehicle

vehículo; automóvil; medio
Meaning
a thing used for transporting people or goods, especially on land; a means of expressing or displaying something
Example
The electric vehicle is becoming more popular these days.
El vehículo eléctrico se está volviendo más popular estos días.
C1 noun kəˈmjunəl ˈhɑrməni

communal harmony

armonía comunal
Meaning
Peaceful coexistence and cooperation among different groups in a community.
Example
Maintaining communal harmony requires mutual respect and understanding.
Mantener la armonía comunal requiere respeto y comprensión mutuos.
C2 adjective /ˌʌn.rɪˈdʒɛn.ər.ət/

unregenerate

intransigente
Meaning
Not reformed or showing no signs of change; stubbornly refusing to reform or repent.
Example
He remained an unregenerate opponent of progress.
Siguió siendo un oponente intransigente del progreso.
C1 noun /pəˈrɪm.ɪ.tər/

perimeter

perímetro
Meaning
the continuous line forming the boundary of a closed geometric figure or area
Example
The soldiers guarded the perimeter of the camp.
Los soldados custodiaron el perímetro del campamento.
B2 noun /ˈpæθweɪ/

pathway

camino
Meaning
a route or course along which something travels or progresses
Example
The narrow pathway led to the hidden garden.
El estrecho camino llevaba al jardín oculto.
C2 noun /ˈmɛtələ(r)dʒi/

metallurgy

metalurgia
Meaning
The science and technology of metals, including their extraction from ores and their processing.
Example
Metallurgy plays a vital role in industrial development.
La metalurgia juega un papel vital en el desarrollo industrial.
B2 adjective /ˈfæktʃuəl/

Factual

factual; basado en hechos; verdadero
Meaning
based on facts; accurate; true
Example
The report contains only factual information.
El informe contiene solo información factual.
B2 noun /əˌbriːviˈeɪʃən/

abbreviation

abreviatura
Meaning
a shortened form of a word or phrase
Example
NASA is an abbreviation for National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NASA es una abreviatura de National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
C2 adjective /ˈdɒdərɪŋ/

doddering

tembloroso / débil
Meaning
Weak, shaky, or unsteady, especially due to old age.
Example
The doddering professor struggled to climb the stairs.
El profesor doddering luchaba por subir las escaleras.
C1 adjective /ˌʌn.əˈdʌl.tə.reɪ.tɪd/

Unadulterated

puro
Meaning
not mixed or diluted with any different or extra elements; pure
Example
She felt unadulterated joy when she heard the news.
Sintió una alegría pura cuando escuchó la noticia.
B2 verb /maɪˈɡreɪt/

migrate

migrar
Meaning
To move from one region or habitat to another, especially regularly according to the seasons or for work.
Example
Birds migrate south during the winter.
Los pájaros migran hacia el sur durante el invierno.
B2 verb /pərˈsiːvd/

perceived

felicidad
Meaning
to become aware of something through the senses or the mind; to understand or interpret
Example
She perceived a hint of sadness in his voice.
No pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C2 noun/verb /læˈsuː/

lasso

lazo
Meaning
a rope with a loop used to catch animals; to catch with such a rope
Example
The cowboy lassoed the horse quickly.
El vaquero lasso al caballo rápidamente.
C2 noun /ˈfaɪnəri/

finery

ropa o adornos lujosos
Meaning
expensive or elaborate clothes, decorations, or accessories
Example
She attended the party in her finest finery.
Ella asistió a la fiesta con su mejor vestimenta.
B2 noun /ɪkˈskluːʒən/

exclusion

exclusión
Meaning
The process or state of being left out or denied access.
Example
The policy led to the exclusion of certain groups.
La política llevó a la exclusión de ciertos grupos.
B2 noun /dʒɔɪnt/

Joint

articulación; conjunto
Meaning
a point at which parts of the body are connected; shared by two or more people
Example
The joint effort of the team led to the project's success.
El esfuerzo conjunto del equipo llevó al éxito del proyecto.
C1 verb əˈblɪt.ə.reɪt

obliterate

destruir
Meaning
To destroy utterly; wipe out completely, to erase or remove something completely.
Example
The storm obliterated entire villages.
La tormenta destruyó aldeas enteras.
C2 verb /kəˈriːn/

careen

moverse descontroladamente
Meaning
To move swiftly and in an uncontrolled way, especially in a specific direction.
Example
The car careened down the slippery road.
El carro se deslizó descontroladamente por la carretera resbaladiza.
C1 adjective ʌnɪnˈhæbɪtəbəl

uninhabitable

inhabitable
Meaning
Not suitable or safe for people to live in.
Example
Rapid urbanization can make cities uninhabitable.
La rápida urbanización puede hacer que las ciudades sean inhabitables.
B1 noun /ˈwɜːrkpleɪs/

workplace

lugar de trabajo
Meaning
a place where people work, such as an office, factory, or shop
Example
Maintaining good communication is vital in the workplace.
Mantener una buena comunicación es vital en el lugar de trabajo.
B2 adjective /slaɪ/

sly

astuto / sagaz
Meaning
Clever in a deceitful or cunning way.
Example
She gave him a sly smile.
Ella le dio una sonrisa astuta.
B1 adjective /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/

alphabetical

alfabético
Meaning
Arranged in the order of the letters of the alphabet.
Example
The names were listed in alphabetical order.
Los nombres fueron listados en orden alfabético.
B2 adverb /bɪˈfɔːr.hænd/

Beforehand

de antemano; con anticipación; antes
Meaning
in advance; ahead of time; earlier
Example
We prepared everything beforehand.
Preparamos todo de antemano.
C1 noun /ˌɑːr.kəˈpɛl.əˌɡoʊ/

archipelago

archipiélago
Meaning
A group of islands clustered together in a body of water.
Example
Indonesia is an archipelago with thousands of islands.
Indonesia es un archipiélago con miles de islas.
C1 adjective /ˈdɒɡɪd/

dogged

tenaz
Meaning
showing stubborn determination and persistence
Example
She succeeded through dogged determination.
Ella tuvo éxito gracias a su tenaz determinación.
C2 adjective /ˈflʌməksd/

flummoxed

desconcertado
Meaning
Completely confused or bewildered.
Example
He looked flummoxed after hearing the strange question.
Él parecía desconcertado después de escuchar la extraña pregunta.
B2 noun ˈæn.ɪk.doʊt

anecdote

una historia corta e interesante utilizada en discursos o escritos
Meaning
A short interesting story used in speeches or writing.
Example
A well-placed anecdote makes a speech more relatable.
Una anécdota bien colocada hace que un discurso sea más relatable.
B1 noun /dɪˈtɛktɪv/

detective

detective
Meaning
a person whose job is to investigate and solve crimes
Example
The detective solved the mystery in just two days.
El detective resolvió el misterio en solo dos días.
B1 noun /æks/

Axe

hacha
Meaning
a tool with a heavy blade for cutting wood
Example
The lumberjack swung his axe to chop the tree.
El leñador balanceó su hacha para cortar el árbol.
C1 noun /ˈʃʊɡ.ər ˈkæn.di/

Sugar candy

caramelo de azúcar
Meaning
crystallized sugar formed into small pieces; rock candy made from sugar syrup
Example
The children enjoyed eating colorful sugar candy at the festival.
Los niños disfrutaron comer dulces de azúcar coloridos en el festival.
B2 noun /ˈkɔːtruːm/

courtroom

sala de audiencias
Meaning
a room in which legal cases are heard and decided by a judge
Example
The witness was called to testify in the courtroom.
Se llamo al testigo a testificar en la sala de audiencias.
C1 noun /ˌpænəˈsiːə/

panacea

panacea
Meaning
A solution or remedy for all difficulties or diseases.
Example
Education is often seen as a panacea for social problems.
La educación a menudo se considera una panacea para los problemas sociales.
C2 noun /ˈnɪk.næk/

knickknack

felicidad
Meaning
A small decorative object, especially in a house.
Example
The shelf was full of little knickknacks collected from their travels.
No pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B2 noun /ˈrɪŋkəl/

Wrinkle

arruga
Meaning
a small line or fold in something, especially fabric or skin; a crease
Example
She noticed a few wrinkles around her eyes.
Ella notó algunas arrugas alrededor de sus ojos.
B2 verb /kənˈstrʌkt/

construct

construir
Meaning
to build or form something by putting parts together
Example
They plan to construct a new bridge over the river.
Ellos planean construir un nuevo puente sobre el río.
B1 noun /ˈdrɛsɪŋ/

dressing

aderezo / mezcla de condimentos
Meaning
a sauce for salads; or material used to cover a wound
Example
She prepared a delicious salad with Italian dressing.
Preparó una deliciosa ensalada con aderezo italiano.
B1 noun /səˈpɔːtər/

supporter

partidario
Meaning
a person who supports someone or something
Example
She is a strong supporter of the local animal shelter.
Ella es una gran partidaria del refugio local de animales.
C2 noun /kəˈbɑːdi/

kabadi

chatarrero
Meaning
a person who collects and sells scrap or recyclable materials, especially in South Asia
Example
The kabadi came every week to collect old newspapers and bottles.
El chatarrero recoge materiales viejos para reciclar.
B2 noun /feɪt/

Fate

destino
Meaning
the development of events beyond a person's control, regarded as determined by a supernatural power
Example
Many people believe that fate determines the course of their lives.
Muchas personas creen que el destino determina el curso de sus vidas.
C1 verb /ˈæn.ə.teɪt/

annotate

añadir notas o comentarios
Meaning
to add notes or comments to a text, diagram, or document for explanation or clarification
Example
The teacher asked the students to annotate the poem with their interpretations.
El maestro pidió a los estudiantes que anotaran el poema con sus interpretaciones.
C2 noun /moʊˈtɪləti/

motility

motilidad
Meaning
The ability of an organism or cell to move independently.
Example
The motility of sperm is crucial for successful fertilization.
La motilidad de los espermatozoides es crucial para la fertilización exitosa.
C1 verb /ˈhaɪbərˌneɪt/

hibernate

hibernar
Meaning
To spend the winter in a dormant state, as some animals do.
Example
Bears hibernate in caves during the winter.
Los osos hibernan en cuevas durante el invierno.
B2 noun ˈwɜːrkˌləʊd

workload

carga de trabajo
Meaning
The amount of work to be done by someone or something.
Example
His workload has increased dramatically in the past month.
Su carga de trabajo ha aumentado drásticamente en el último mes.
C1 adjective /ˈtækt.ləs/

tactless

insensato
Meaning
showing a lack of sensitivity in dealing with others
Example
His tactless remark embarrassed everyone at the meeting.
Su comentario insensato avergonzó a todos en la reunión.
C1 noun /dɪˈvɪnɪti/

divinity

divinidad
Meaning
The quality or state of being divine; a deity.
Example
The priest spoke about the divinity of the soul.
El sacerdote habló sobre la divinidad del alma.
B2 noun daɪˈlem.ə

dilemma

dilema, conflicto difícil
Meaning
A situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives.
Example
She faced a moral dilemma at work.
Ella enfrentó un dilema moral en el trabajo.
C1 verb /ˈkrʌmpəl/

crumple

arrugar
Meaning
to crush something into folds or wrinkles
Example
He crumpled the paper and threw it in the bin.
Él arrugó el papel y lo tiró a la papelera.
B2 noun ˈkæp.sjuːl

capsule

Cápsula. Un pequeño estuche soluble de gelatina que contiene una dosis de medicina, que se traga entero.
Meaning
A small soluble case of gelatin containing a dose of medicine, swallowed whole.
Example
Capsules contain controlled environments.
Las cápsulas contienen ambientes controlados.
A1 noun /mʌnθ/

month

mes
Meaning
a period of about four weeks or one-twelfth of a year
Example
She visits her grandparents once a month.
Ella visita a sus abuelos una vez al mes.
C1 noun ˌmɪtɪˈɡeɪʃən ˈstrætədʒiz

mitigation strategies

estrategias de mitigación
Meaning
Plans and actions designed to reduce the severity or impact of problems or risks.
Example
Governments must adopt mitigation strategies for climate change.
Los gobiernos deben adoptar estrategias de mitigación para el cambio climático.
B2 adjective /ɪɡˈzɑːtɪk/

exotic

exótico y atractivo
Meaning
Unusual and attractive because it is from a foreign place or culture.
Example
The garden was filled with exotic plants from tropical countries.
El jardín estaba lleno de plantas exóticas de países tropicales.
B2 noun /fiːst/

Feast

banquete; festín
Meaning
a large meal, typically one in celebration of something; an annual religious celebration
Example
The wedding feast included traditional dishes from both families' cultures.
El banquete de la boda incluyó platos tradicionales de las culturas de ambas familias.
B1 adjective ˈlɔːŋ.tɜːrm

long-term

a largo plazo, duradero, sostenible
Meaning
Occurring over or involving a relatively long period of time.
Example
Long-term planning is necessary for environmental conservation.
La planificación a largo plazo es necesaria para la conservación del medio ambiente.
C2 adjective /ˈsʌmp.tʃuˌɛr.i/

sumptuary

relacionado con las leyes que limitan el gasto personal en artículos de lujo
Meaning
Relating to laws or regulations intended to limit personal spending on luxury goods.
Example
In medieval Europe, sumptuary laws restricted the wearing of expensive fabrics to the nobility.
En la Europa medieval, las leyes suntuarias restringían el uso de telas caras solo a la nobleza.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈsɛlɪbət/

celibate

célibe; celibato
Meaning
abstaining from marriage and sexual relations; a person who does so
Example
He chose to remain celibate for religious reasons.
Eligió permanecer en celibato por motivos religiosos.
C1 adjective /ˌnjʊə.rəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

neurological

neurológico
Meaning
Relating to the anatomy, functions, and organic disorders of nerves and the nervous system.
Example
Meditation has positive neurological effects on mental health.
La meditación tiene efectos neurológicos positivos en la salud mental.
C1 noun /kəˈθɑːrsɪs/

catharsis

catarsis
Meaning
The process of releasing strong emotions, providing relief.
Example
Writing in her diary was a form of catharsis for her.
Escribir en su diario fue una forma de catarsis para ella.
C1 adverb /ˈvaɪtəli/

vitally

vitalmente
Meaning
in an extremely important or essential way; in a manner relating to life or vitality
Example
Access to clean water is vitally important for public health.
El acceso al agua limpia es vitalmente importante para la salud pública.
B1 noun /prəˈməʊ.ʃən/

Promotion

promoción; ascenso
Meaning
the act of raising someone to a higher position; advertising to increase sales
Example
She received a promotion to manager after five years of hard work.
Ella recibió una promoción a gerente después de cinco años de trabajo duro.
C2 noun /ˈdʒes.tər/

Jester

bufón; payaso
Meaning
a professional joker or fool at a medieval court; someone who jokes a lot
Example
The court jester entertained the king with witty remarks and amusing tricks.
El bufón de la corte entretenía al rey con comentarios ingeniosos y trucos divertidos.
C2 adjective /ˈpɪd.lɪŋ/

Piddling

insignificante; trivial; pequeña cantidad
Meaning
trivial; insignificant; small in amount
Example
He was annoyed by the piddling amount of money he received.
Se molestó por la cantidad insignificante de dinero que recibió.
C1 noun /veɪl/

vale

valle
Meaning
A valley, often used in a poetic or literary sense.
Example
The village lay hidden in a quiet green vale.
El pueblo estaba oculto en un tranquilo valle verde.
B2 noun /ʌnˈkɒnʃəsnəs/

unconsciousness

inconsciencia
Meaning
the state of being unaware of and unable to respond to one's surroundings
Example
After the accident, he was in a state of unconsciousness for several hours.
Después del accidente, él estuvo en estado de inconsciencia durante varias horas.
C2 verb /kəˈdʒoʊl/

cajole

engatusar
Meaning
To persuade someone to do something by flattery or gentle urging.
Example
She managed to cajole her friend into joining the trip.
Ella logró engatusar a su amiga para que se uniera al viaje.
B1 verb /sɪŋk/

sink

hundir
Meaning
to go down below the surface; to descend
Example
The ship sinks in the deep ocean.
El barco se hunde en el océano profundo.
C1 adverb/adjective /vɜːˈbeɪ.tɪm/

verbatim

palabra por palabra o literalmente
Meaning
In exactly the same words as were used originally; word for word repetition.
Example
She repeated his instructions verbatim to avoid errors.
Ella repitió sus instrucciones palabra por palabra para evitar errores.
C1 adjective /ˈænsɪləri/

ancillary

auxiliar
Meaning
providing necessary support to the main system or organization
Example
The company provides ancillary services to the healthcare industry.
La empresa proporciona servicios auxiliares a la industria de la salud.
A1 adverb /əˈweɪ/

Away

lejos
Meaning
to or at a distance; not present; absent
Example
He walked away from the noisy crowd.
Él se alejó de la multitud ruidosa.
C1 adjective /ræpt/

Rapt

absorto
Meaning
completely fascinated or absorbed by what one is seeing or hearing
Example
The children listened with rapt attention to the storyteller.
Los niños escucharon con atención absorta al cuentacuentos.
B2 verb /krʌʃ/

crush

presionar o aplastar algo con tanta fuerza que se dañe o destruya
Meaning
to press or squeeze something so hard that it is damaged or destroyed
Example
He accidentally crushed the paper cup in his hand.
Él accidentalmente aplastó el vaso de papel con su mano.
C1 adjective /ˈbed.rɪd.ən/

Bedridden

postrado en cama
Meaning
confined to bed; unable to leave one's bed due to illness or infirmity
Example
The elderly man has been bedridden for several months.
El hombre anciano ha estado postrado en cama durante varios meses.
C1 noun /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənts/

antecedents

antecedentes
Meaning
previous events, conditions, or people that influence or serve as a basis for something that follows
Example
The lawyer examined the criminal antecedents of the suspect.
El abogado examinó los antecedentes criminales del sospechoso.
B1 noun /vɒlˈkeɪ.noʊ/

Volcano

felicidad
Meaning
a mountain with an opening through which lava, gas, and ash can escape
Example
The volcano erupted after being dormant for decades.
No pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun əˈpreɪ.zəl

appraisal

evaluación
Meaning
An assessment or evaluation of performance or quality.
Example
The annual appraisal determines salary increments.
La evaluación anual determina los incrementos salariales.
C2 noun /ˌænθrəpəˈsɛntrɪzəm/

anthropocentrism

antropocentrismo
Meaning
The belief that human beings are the most important or central element of existence.
Example
Anthropocentrism often shapes environmental policies.
El antropocentrismo a menudo da forma a las políticas medioambientales.
B1 adjective ˈliː.ɡəl

legal

legal
Meaning
Permitted by law; relating to the law.
Example
Legal systems ensure justice.
Los sistemas legales aseguran justicia.
C2 adjective /ˈblɪŋkəd/

blinkered

limitado
Meaning
Having a limited or narrow outlook; unable or unwilling to consider other perspectives.
Example
His blinkered attitude stopped him from seeing the bigger picture.
Su actitud limitada le impidió ver el panorama completo.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈfɔːrmətɪv/

Informative

informativo
Meaning
giving or providing useful information; educational; instructive
Example
The documentary was very informative and educational.
El documental fue muy informativo y educativo.
C2 verb /əbˈvɜːrt/

obvert

invertir
Meaning
To turn something so as to face in a different direction; in logic, to convert a proposition by negating both subject and predicate.
Example
The teacher asked the students to obvert the statement for practice.
El maestro pidió a los estudiantes que obvirtieran la declaración para practicar.
C2 noun /ˈlɪŋ.ɡoʊ/

lingo

jerga especializada
Meaning
Specialized or informal language used by a particular group that is often difficult for outsiders to understand.
Example
The manual was written in technical lingo that confused the new employees.
El manual estaba escrito en jerga técnica que confundió a los nuevos empleados.
B1 verb /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/

indicate

indicar
Meaning
to point out; to show or suggest; to be a sign of
Example
The red light indicates that you should stop.
La luz roja indica que debes parar.
C1 noun /haɪˈeɪtəs/

hiatus

hiato
Meaning
A pause or break in continuity of a process or activity.
Example
The show returned after a long hiatus.
El show regresó después de un largo hiato.
C2 adjective /ˈrɛkənˌdaɪt/ or /ˈrɛkəndaɪt/

recondite

poco conocido o difícil de entender
Meaning
Little known or difficult to understand.
Example
The professor’s lecture was full of recondite theories.
La conferencia del profesor estaba llena de teorías reconditas.
C2 adjective /suːˈpɜːrnəl/

supernal

celestial
Meaning
Relating to the heavens; celestial or divine.
Example
The painting captured a supernal beauty that felt otherworldly.
La pintura capturó una belleza celestial que se sentía de otro mundo.
B1 adverb /ʌnˈfɔːrtʃənətli/

Unfortunately

desafortunadamente
Meaning
used to express regret or disappointment about something
Example
Unfortunately, the weather was bad for our picnic.
Desafortunadamente, el tiempo estuvo mal para nuestro picnic.
C2 noun /ɑːlˈfækʃən/

olfaction

olfato
Meaning
The sense of smell; the process of detecting and perceiving odors.
Example
Dogs have a highly developed sense of olfaction.
Los perros tienen un sentido del olfato muy desarrollado.
B2 noun /əˈreɪ/

array

serie, exposición
Meaning
an impressive display or arrangement of things
Example
The shop displayed an array of colorful dresses.
La tienda mostró una impresionante exposición de vestidos coloridos.
B2 noun kəmˈpet.ɪ.tɪv.nəs

competitiveness

competitividad
Meaning
The quality of being as good as or better than others of a comparable nature; the ability to compete successfully.
Example
Competitiveness is vital for economic sustainability.
La competitividad es vital para la sostenibilidad económica.
C1 noun /ˈtɜːrmɪnəs/

terminus

punto final
Meaning
the final point or end of something, especially the final station on a railway line
Example
The train finally arrived at the terminus after a long journey.
El tren finalmente llegó al terminus después de un largo viaje.
C2 noun /əˈfreɪ/

affray

pelea pública
Meaning
A public fight or noisy disturbance that causes alarm.
Example
The police were called to break up an affray outside the stadium.
La policía fue llamada para romper una pelea afuera del estadio.
A2 noun /wɜːrθ/

Worth

valor; precio;
Meaning
the value equivalent to that of someone or something; the level at which someone or something deserves to be valued
Example
The painting is worth thousands of dollars.
La pintura vale miles de dólares.
A2 noun ˈtem.pər.ə.tʃər

temperature

temperatura
Meaning
The degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object.
Example
Rising temperatures affect agricultural output.
Las temperaturas crecientes afectan la producción agrícola.
B2 adjective /senˈseɪʃənəl/

Sensational

sensacional; impresionante; asombroso
Meaning
causing great excitement or shock; extremely impressive
Example
The sensational performance left the audience speechless.
El rendimiento sensacional dejó a la audiencia sin palabras.
C1 verb, noun /ˈflʌstər/

fluster

confundir
Meaning
to make someone agitated or confused
Example
The unexpected question flustered him.
La pregunta inesperada lo confundió.
B1 adverb /ˈpɜːfɪktli/

perfectly

perfectamente
Meaning
in a perfect manner; without flaws
Example
She performed the task perfectly.
Ella realizó la tarea perfectamente.
C2 noun /ˈjɪərlɪŋ/

yearling

un animal de un año, especialmente un caballo
Meaning
an animal that is one year old, especially a horse
Example
The farmer sold the yearling at the livestock market.
El granjero vendió el añojo en el mercado de ganado.
C1 noun /ˈmɑːrtərdəm/

Martyrdom

martirio
Meaning
The suffering of death on account of adherence to a cause or principle
Example
His martyrdom inspired countless others to join the freedom movement.
Su martirio inspiró a innumerables otros a unirse al movimiento por la libertad.
B2 verb /ɪˈmɪt/

emit

Emitir
Meaning
to send out something such as light, heat, sound, or gas
Example
The factory emits smoke into the atmosphere.
La fábrica emite humo en la atmósfera.
A2 adjective /ɪˌlɛkˈtrɒnɪk/

electronic

electrónico
Meaning
Operating with or produced by the use of electronic devices.
Example
She bought an electronic keyboard for her music lessons.
Ella compró un teclado electrónico para sus lecciones de música.
C1 noun /ˈɡlɒs.ər.i/

Glossary

glosario
Meaning
an alphabetical list of terms in a particular domain of knowledge with explanations; a brief dictionary
Example
The textbook includes a helpful glossary at the end to define technical terms.
El libro de texto incluye un glosario útil al final para definir términos técnicos.
C2 verb /əˈvaʊtʃ/

avouch

afirmar
Meaning
to affirm or assert something as true
Example
He avouched his innocence before the judge.
Él afirmó su inocencia ante el juez.
C2 noun /ˌsɪmjʊˈleɪkrəm/

simulacrum

simulacro
Meaning
an image or representation of someone or something; a superficial likeness
Example
The statue was only a simulacrum of the ancient god.
La estatua era solo un simulacro del dios antiguo.
C1 adjective /pəˈnɪnsjələr/

peninsular

peninsular
Meaning
Relating to or resembling a peninsula.
Example
The peninsular region is surrounded by water on three sides.
La región peninsular está rodeada de agua por tres lados.