floe
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C2 noun /floʊ/

floe

iceberg flotante
Meaning
a large sheet of floating ice
Example
The polar bears rested on the ice floe.
Los osos polares descansaron sobre el iceberg flotante.
C2 adjective /ˈtaɪmwɔːrn/

timeworn

desgastado por el tiempo
Meaning
Worn or impaired by age; old and used many times.
Example
The timeworn house carried a sense of history and nostalgia.
La casa desgastada por el tiempo llevaba una sensación de historia y nostalgia.
C2 adjective /dɪsˈkɜrsɪv/

discursive

discursero
Meaning
Tending to digress or move from topic to topic; lengthy and rambling.
Example
His discursive style made the lecture hard to follow.
Su estilo discursivo hizo que la conferencia fuera difícil de seguir.
B2 adverb /ˈtʃiːfli/

chiefly

principalmente
Meaning
mainly; primarily
Example
The festival is celebrated chiefly by young people.
El festival se celebra principalmente por los jóvenes.
C1 adverb /ɪnˈdɛfɪnətli/

indefinitely

indefinidamente
Meaning
for an unlimited or unspecified period of time
Example
The project has been postponed indefinitely.
El proyecto ha sido pospuesto indefinidamente.
C2 noun /ˈmɪlk pɒt/

Milk-pot

lechetera
Meaning
a container specifically used for storing or serving milk
Example
She poured fresh milk from the milk-pot into her glass.
Ella vertió leche fresca de la lechetera en su vaso.
C1 noun /ʃeɪl/

shale

pizarra
Meaning
a fine-grained sedimentary rock that can be split into thin layers
Example
The region is rich in shale and natural gas deposits.
La región es rica en pizarra y depósitos de gas natural.
A2 noun /laɪt bʌlb/

Light bulb

bombilla
Meaning
a glass or plastic container that produces light when electricity passes through it
Example
The light bulb in the kitchen needs to be replaced.
La bombilla en la cocina necesita ser reemplazada.
C1 verb /ˈplʌm.ɪt/

plummet

caer verticalmente a alta velocidad
Meaning
to fall straight down at high speed
Example
Stock prices plummeted after the sudden market crash.
Los precios de las acciones cayeron repentinamente después del colapso del mercado.
B2 adjective /ˌɑːp.təˈmɪs.tɪk/

optimistic

optimista
Meaning
hopeful and confident about the future
Example
She is optimistic about the success of her new project.
Ella está optimista acerca del éxito de su nuevo proyecto.
C1 noun /ˌrɛstɪˈtjuːʃən/

restitution

restitución
Meaning
The act of restoring something to its rightful owner or compensating for loss
Example
The court ordered restitution to the victims of the fraud.
El tribunal ordenó la restitución a las víctimas del fraude.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈseɪf/

Unsafe

inseguro; peligroso;
Meaning
involving or causing danger or risk; not protected from harm
Example
It is unsafe to walk alone in this neighborhood at night.
Es inseguro caminar solo en este vecindario por la noche.
B2 noun /ˈsɪnˌdroʊm/

syndrome

síndrome
Meaning
a group of symptoms that occur together and characterize a condition or disease
Example
Down syndrome affects a person's physical and mental development.
El síndrome de Down afecta el desarrollo físico y mental de una persona.
B2 noun ˈiːkoʊˌtʊrɪzəm

Eco-tourism

eco-turismo
Meaning
A form of tourism involving responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people.
Example
Eco-tourism promotes responsible travel to natural areas.
El eco-turismo promueve viajes responsables a áreas naturales.
C2 verb, noun /ɡaʊdʒ/

gouge

hender, cobrar precios excesivos
Meaning
To cut or scoop out a deep hole or groove; to overcharge unfairly.
Example
He accidentally gouged a hole in the wooden table.
Él accidentalmente hizo un agujero en la mesa de madera.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈtɛnsɪv/

intensive

intenso
Meaning
Involving a lot of effort, energy, or concentration in a short period of time.
Example
She attended an intensive English course before moving abroad.
Ella asistió a un curso intensivo de inglés antes de mudarse al extranjero.
C1 verb /dɪsˈtrʌst/

distrust

desconfiar
Meaning
to have no confidence or trust in someone or something
Example
Many people distrust politicians.
Muchas personas desconfían de los políticos.
C2 noun /ˈdʒɪŋɡoʊɪst/

jingoist

jingoísta
Meaning
a person who supports jingoism; an extreme nationalist with aggressive foreign policies
Example
He was labeled a jingoist for his extreme views.
Fue etiquetado como un jingoísta por sus opiniones extremas.
C2 adjective /ˈbʌmpʃəs/

bumptious

presumido
Meaning
Arrogantly self-assertive or conceited.
Example
The bumptious student interrupted the teacher several times.
El estudiante presumido interrumpió al profesor varias veces.
C1 verb /ˈbædʒər/

badger

molestar, acosar
Meaning
To repeatedly ask or annoy someone with demands or questions.
Example
The reporter kept badgering the politician with questions.
El reportero seguía molestando al político con preguntas.
B2 adjective /ˌʌn.kəʊˈɒp.ər.ə.tɪv/

uncooperative

poco cooperativo
Meaning
not willing to help or work with others; unhelpful
Example
The witness was uncooperative and refused to answer questions.
El testigo fue poco cooperativo y se negó a responder preguntas.
C2 adjective /ˈbeɪnfəl/

baneful

perjudicial
Meaning
Causing harm, ruin, or destruction; deadly or poisonous.
Example
His baneful influence ruined the community.
Su influencia perjudicial arruinó la comunidad.
B2 verb /ɪnˈflɪkt/

inflict

infligir
Meaning
to cause something unpleasant or painful to be suffered by someone or something
Example
The storm inflicted considerable damage to the city.
La tormenta infligió un daño considerable a la ciudad.
B1 noun ˌɪn.stɪˈtjuː.ʃən

institution

institución
Meaning
An organization founded and united for a specific purpose; an established law, practice, or custom.
Example
Institutions play a crucial role in governance.
Las instituciones desempeñan un papel crucial en la gobernanza.
C1 noun /fɪˈnænʃɪər/

financier

financista
Meaning
a person who manages large amounts of money or investments
Example
The financier advised the company on its investments.
El financista asesoró a la empresa sobre sus inversiones.
B1 noun ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn

recognition

reconocimiento
Meaning
Acknowledgment of the existence, validity, or legality of something; appreciation or acclaim for an achievement, service, or ability.
Example
He earned recognition after years of struggle.
Él ganó reconocimiento después de años de lucha.
C2 noun /ˌmɪsˈtʃæns/

mischance

infortunio
Meaning
An unfortunate accident or event; bad luck.
Example
By mischance, he missed the last train home.
Por desgracia, perdió el último tren para volver a casa.
B1 verb /əˈtʃiːv/

achieve

lograr
Meaning
to successfully bring about or reach a desired goal or result
Example
She worked hard to achieve her dream of becoming a doctor.
Ella trabajó duro para lograr su sueño de convertirse en doctora.
B1 verb /ɪnˈvɑːlv/

involve

involucrar
Meaning
to include as a necessary part, or to engage someone in an activity
Example
The project will involve several departments working together.
El proyecto involucrará varios departamentos trabajando juntos.
C2 noun /hoʊ/

Hoe

azadón
Meaning
a gardening tool with a thin metal blade used for breaking up soil and removing weeds
Example
The farmer used a hoe to remove weeds from his vegetable garden.
El agricultor usó un azadón para quitar las malas hierbas de su jardín de verduras.
A1 noun /fʌn/

fun

diversión
Meaning
enjoyment, amusement, or light-hearted pleasure
Example
We had a lot of fun at the party.
Nos divertimos mucho en la fiesta.
C2 noun /ˌsɪləbɪˈkeɪʃən/

syllabication

silabeación
Meaning
The division of words into syllables.
Example
Proper syllabication helps in correct pronunciation.
Una correcta silabeación ayuda a una pronunciación correcta.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnˈpɑr.də.nə.bəl/

Unpardonable

imperdonable
Meaning
too bad to be forgiven; inexcusable
Example
His betrayal of trust was an unpardonable offense.
Su traición fue un delito imperdonable.
B2 verb /ˈbɔɪkɑt/

boycott

boicotear
Meaning
to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a protest
Example
They decided to boycott the company's products.
Decidieron boicotear los productos de la empresa.
B2 verb /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/

initiate

iniciar
Meaning
to begin or start; to introduce someone to a new activity
Example
The company will initiate a new training program.
La empresa iniciará un nuevo programa de capacitación.
B2 noun /kənˈsɛʃən/

concession

concesión
Meaning
something that is granted, especially in response to demands; a compromise
Example
The company made several concessions during the negotiations.
La empresa hizo varias concesiones durante las negociaciones.
B2 adjective /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒd/

disadvantaged

desfavorecido
Meaning
Lacking the basic resources or conditions needed for a good standard of living or equal opportunities.
Example
The program provides support to disadvantaged children.
El programa proporciona apoyo a los niños desfavorecidos.
B2 noun /ˌpɜː.sɪˈvɪə.rəns/

perseverance

perseverancia
Meaning
Persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success
Example
His perseverance helped him achieve his dreams.
Su perseverancia lo ayudó a lograr sus sueños.
C1 noun /ˈrɛɡjəleɪtər/

regulator

regulador
Meaning
a person or device that controls or maintains the operation of a system
Example
The government appointed a new regulator for the financial sector.
El gobierno nombró un nuevo regulador para el sector financiero.
C2 noun /dɪˈkæmɪtər/

decameter

decámetro
Meaning
A metric unit of length equal to ten meters.
Example
The field was measured in decameters for accuracy.
El campo fue medido en decámetros para mayor precisión.
A2 noun /ˌen.təˈteɪn.mənt/

Entertainment

entretenimiento
Meaning
the action of providing or being provided with amusement or enjoyment
Example
The concert provided excellent entertainment for the entire family.
El concierto proporcionó un excelente entretenimiento para toda la familia.
B2 noun /prəˈmoʊ.tər/

promoter

promotor
Meaning
A person or organization that helps to organize or finance an event, business, or product launch.
Example
The promoter organized a concert for the new band.
El promotor organizó un concierto para la nueva banda.
C2 verb /rɪˈmɒnstreɪt/

remonstrate

protestar
Meaning
To make a forceful protest or objection.
Example
Citizens remonstrated against the new tax policy.
Los ciudadanos protestaron contra la nueva política fiscal.
B2 noun /ˈɡæl.ək.si/

Galaxy

galaxia
Meaning
a system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction
Example
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our solar system and Earth.
La Vía Láctea es la galaxia que contiene nuestro sistema solar y la Tierra.
C2 noun /ˌdɛprɪˈdeɪʃən/

depredation

despojo
Meaning
An act of attacking or plundering; damage caused by such acts.
Example
The villagers feared the depredation of wild animals at night.
Los aldeanos temían el despojo de los animales salvajes por la noche.
C1 adjective /ˈmaʊntɪnəs/

Mountainous

montañoso
Meaning
having many mountains; characterized by mountains
Example
The mountainous region was difficult to travel through.
La región montañosa era difícil de recorrer.
B1 noun fləʊ

flow

flujo
Meaning
The action or fact of moving along in a steady, continuous stream
Example
The flow of information must be secured.
El flujo de información debe ser asegurado.
A2 adjective /ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt/

intelligent

inteligente
Meaning
Having or showing high mental capacity, quick to learn and understand.
Example
She is one of the most intelligent students in the class.
Ella es una de las estudiantes más inteligentes de la clase.
B2 noun ˌsɛlf.kənˈtrəʊl

self-control

autocontrol
Meaning
The ability to control one's emotions, behavior, and desires in order to obtain some reward, or avoid some punishment, typically in the longer term.
Example
Self-control is important for maintaining a balanced life.
El autocontrol es importante para mantener una vida equilibrada.
C1 adjective /ˈpruː.dənt/

Prudent

prudente; cauteloso; sabio;
Meaning
wise; careful; cautious;
Example
It's prudent to save money for the future.
Es prudente ahorrar dinero para el futuro.
C1 noun ˌsæn.ɪ.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

sanitization

sanitización
Meaning
The process of cleaning and disinfecting to eliminate germs and bacteria.
Example
Regular sanitization keeps appliances germ-free.
La sanitización regular mantiene los aparatos libres de gérmenes.
C2 noun /ɪkˌsprəʊ.priˈeɪ.ʃən/

expropriation

expropiación
Meaning
The act of government taking private property, also known as confiscation, nationalization, or seizure.
Example
The land expropriation led to disputes among landowners.
La expropiación de tierras llevó a disputas entre los propietarios de tierras.
A2 noun /ˈkɒf.i ˈmeɪ.kər/

Coffee maker

cafetera
Meaning
an electric appliance used to brew coffee automatically
Example
I use my coffee maker every morning to brew fresh coffee.
Uso mi cafetera cada manana para preparar cafe fresco.
C1 verb, noun /kweɪl/

quail

atemorizarse; un pájaro pequeño de cola corta
Meaning
verb: to feel or show fear; noun: a small, short-tailed bird
Example
She quailed at the sight of the approaching storm.
Ella se acobardó al ver la tormenta que se acercaba.
A1 verb /riːd/

read

leer
Meaning
to look at written words and understand their meaning
Example
I read books before going to bed.
Yo leo libros antes de acostarme.
C1 noun /ˈblæs.fə.mi/

blasphemy

blasfemia
Meaning
the act of speaking disrespectfully about God or sacred things
Example
In some countries, blasphemy is a punishable offense.
En algunos países, la blasfemia es un delito castigable.
C2 adjective /ˈblaɪðsəm/

blithesome

alegre
Meaning
cheerful, carefree, and full of joy
Example
She entered the room with a blithesome smile that lifted everyone's spirits.
Ella entró en la habitación con una sonrisa alegre que levantó el ánimo de todos.
A2 noun ækt

act

ley
Meaning
A written law passed by a legislative body.
Example
The act was passed in 2023.
La ley fue aprobada en 2023.
A2 noun/verb /fɛns/

fence

cerca
Meaning
a barrier, usually made of wood or wire, that surrounds an area; to enclose with a barrier
Example
They built a fence around the garden.
Ellos construyeron una cerca alrededor del jardín.
C1 adverb kəmˈpæktli

compactly

compactamente
Meaning
In a closely packed or dense manner.
Example
Protons and neutrons are compactly arranged.
Los protones y los neutrones están organizados compactamente.
B2 noun /ˈbɒt.əl.nek/

bottleneck

cuello de botella
Meaning
Narrow path or obstruction, a place or situation where flow becomes slow.
Example
The narrow bridge is a major bottleneck during rush hour.
El puente estrecho es un gran cuello de botella durante la hora punta.
B1 verb /əˈtɛmpt/

attempt

intento
Meaning
to make an effort to achieve or complete something difficult
Example
He attempted to climb the mountain despite the bad weather.
Él intentó escalar la montaña a pesar del mal tiempo.
A2 verb /ʃeɪk/

shake

sacudir
Meaning
to move quickly back and forth; to tremble
Example
The earthquake made the building shake.
El terremoto hizo que el edificio se sacudiera.
B2 noun /nɪˌɡoʊ.siˈeɪ.ʃən/

Negotiation

discusión destinada a llegar a un acuerdo; negociación
Meaning
discussion aimed at reaching an agreement; bargaining
Example
The negotiation between the two companies lasted for weeks.
La negociación entre las dos empresas duró semanas.
B2 noun /ɡler/

Glare

una mirada feroz o enojada; una luz fuerte y deslumbrante
Meaning
a fierce or angry stare; a strong and dazzling light
Example
The teacher's stern glare silenced the noisy students immediately.
La mirada severa del maestro silenció a los estudiantes ruidosos de inmediato.
C1 adjective /ɪˈkwɛstriən/

equestrian

equitación
Meaning
Relating to horse riding or horseback riders.
Example
She won several equestrian competitions.
Ella ganó varias competiciones ecuestres.
B1 adjective /ˈsekənderi/

secondary

secundario
Meaning
Less important than something else; derived from or dependent on something primary.
Example
Safety is our primary concern, while speed is only secondary.
La seguridad es nuestra principal preocupación, mientras que la velocidad es solo secundaria.
C1 noun ˌmek.ə.naɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

mechanization

mecanización
Meaning
The process of introducing machines or replacing manual labor with machines.
Example
Mechanization has revolutionized agriculture.
La mecanización ha revolucionado la agricultura.
C2 noun /ˈtɜːrməɡənt/

termagant

mujer dominante y temperamental
Meaning
A harsh-tempered or overbearing woman.
Example
The character was portrayed as a loud and domineering termagant.
El personaje fue retratado como una mujer ruidosa y dominante.
C2 noun /ænˈtɪfəni/

antiphony

antífona
Meaning
a form of music in which two or more groups or choirs sing alternately in response to each other
Example
The cathedral's architecture was designed to enhance the effect of antiphony.
La arquitectura de la catedral fue diseñada para mejorar el efecto de la antífona.
B1 noun wɛlθ

wealth

riqueza
Meaning
The state of being rich; material prosperity; an abundance of valuable possessions or money.
Example
Wealth creation involves building assets that earn while you sleep.
La creación de riqueza implica construir activos que ganen mientras duermes.
C2 adjective /ˈviː.ni.əl/

Venial

perdonable; no gravemente malo; menor
Meaning
forgivable; not seriously wrong; minor
Example
His late arrival was considered a venial offense.
Su llegada tarde fue considerada una ofensa venial.
C2 noun /ˈbɪbliəfaɪl/

bibliophile

bibliófilo
Meaning
A person who loves or collects books.
Example
She is a true bibliophile who spends weekends at old bookstores.
Ella es una verdadera bibliófila que pasa los fines de semana en librerías antiguas.
A2 noun /ˈɪntəvjuː/

interview

entrevista
Meaning
A meeting of people face to face, especially for consultation.
Example
The interview was conducted in a calm and professional manner.
La entrevista se llevó a cabo de manera tranquila y profesional.
C1 noun /bəˈbuːn/

Baboon

babuino
Meaning
a large African and Arabian primate with a dog-like snout and colorful buttocks
Example
The baboon troop gathered around the watering hole in the savanna.
El grupo de babuinos se reunió alrededor del agujero de agua en la sabana.
C2 noun /ˈɡloʊmɪŋ/

gloaming

crepúsculo
Meaning
The time of day after the sun has set and before it is completely dark; twilight.
Example
We walked home together in the quiet gloaming.
Caminamos a casa juntos en el tranquilo crepúsculo.
C1 verb /ɪˈkɒnəmaɪz/

economize

economizar
Meaning
To reduce spending or use resources carefully.
Example
Families are trying to economize by cutting unnecessary expenses.
Las familias están tratando de economizar reduciendo gastos innecesarios.
C1 noun /ˈmætrəˌmoʊni/

matrimony

matrimonio
Meaning
The state of being married; marriage.
Example
They entered into matrimony after years of friendship.
Entraron en el matrimonio después de años de amistad.
C1 adjective /ˈhɑːrdi/

hardy

resistente, robusto
Meaning
Strong, robust, and capable of enduring difficult conditions.
Example
Hardy plants can survive the harsh winter.
Las plantas resistentes pueden sobrevivir al invierno severo.
C2 verb /əbˈvɜːrt/

obvert

invertir
Meaning
To turn something so as to face in a different direction; in logic, to convert a proposition by negating both subject and predicate.
Example
The teacher asked the students to obvert the statement for practice.
El maestro pidió a los estudiantes que obvirtieran la declaración para practicar.
B1 verb rɪˈdjuːst

reduced

reducir
Meaning
Make smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.
Example
Singapore has reduced plastic usage significantly.
Singapur ha reducido el uso de plástico significativamente.
C2 noun /əˈmʊr/

amour

amor secreto
Meaning
A secret or illicit love affair.
Example
The novel tells the story of a forbidden amour between two characters.
La novela cuenta la historia de un amor prohibido entre dos personajes.
C1 adjective /ˈkɔːrdiəl/

Cordial

cordial; sincero; afectuoso
Meaning
warmly friendly; sincere; heartfelt
Example
She gave us a cordial welcome at the front door.
Nos dio una cordial bienvenida en la puerta principal.
B1 noun rəʊlz

Roles

rol
Meaning
A person's or thing's function in a particular situation.
Example
Defined roles improve team performance.
Los roles definidos mejoran el rendimiento del equipo.
B2 noun /speɪd/

Spade

pala
Meaning
a tool with a flat blade for digging; a playing card suit
Example
The gardener used a spade to dig holes for planting flowers.
El jardinero usó una pala para cavar hoyos para plantar flores.
A2 noun /rɪˈlɪdʒ.ən/

religion

religión
Meaning
a system of faith and worship involving belief in a higher power
Example
Freedom of religion is a fundamental human right.
La libertad de religión es un derecho humano fundamental.
C2 verb /ˈmæk.jʊˌleɪt/

maculate

manchar
Meaning
To stain, spot, or pollute something.
Example
The white cloth was maculated by ink stains.
La tela blanca fue manchada por manchas de tinta.
A2 noun /əˈbɪləti/

Ability

habilidad; capacidad
Meaning
the power or skill to do something; capacity
Example
She has the ability to solve complex problems.
Ella tiene la habilidad de resolver problemas complejos.
A1 noun /sɛpˈtɛmbər/

september

septiembre
Meaning
The ninth month of the year in the Gregorian calendar
Example
My birthday is in September, and I always celebrate it with friends.
Mi cumpleaños es en septiembre, y siempre lo celebro con amigos.
C1 noun /ˈskep.tɪ.sɪ.zəm/

skepticism

escepticismo, duda
Meaning
A skeptical attitude; doubt as to the truth of something.
Example
His skepticism about new technology often makes him resistant to change.
Su escepticismo sobre la nueva tecnología a menudo lo hace resistente al cambio.
B2 adjective /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃənəl/

organizational

organizacional
Meaning
relating to the structure or arrangement of a company or group
Example
He works on improving the organizational structure of the company.
Él trabaja en mejorar la estructura organizacional de la empresa.
B2 noun /ˈtʌtʃ.daʊn/

touchdown

toque de tierra
Meaning
the moment when an aircraft lands, or a score in American football
Example
The plane made a smooth touchdown.
El avión realizó un toque de tierra suave.
C1 verb /ˈkɒŋɡrɪɡeɪt/

congregate

congregarse, reunirse
Meaning
to gather together in a group; to assemble
Example
People congregate in the town square every evening.
la gente se reúne en la plaza del pueblo todas las noches.
C2 adjective /ˈruːnɪk/

runic

relacionado con runas
Meaning
relating to or consisting of runes; mysterious or magical
Example
The old stone had strange runic carvings on it.
La antigua piedra tenía extrañas tallas rúnicas.
B2 noun /ˌrɛprɪzɛnˈteɪʃən/

representation

representación
Meaning
the action of speaking or acting on behalf of someone or something
Example
Her representation of the team was impeccable.
Su representación del equipo fue impecable.
C2 adjective /ˈnjuːmɪnəs/

numinous

numinoso
Meaning
having a strong spiritual or mysterious quality
Example
The temple had a numinous atmosphere that inspired awe.
El templo tenía una atmósfera numinosa que inspiraba asombro.
B2 adjective ˈstrʌktʃərəl

structural

estructural
Meaning
Relating to or forming part of a structure.
Example
The structural integrity of the bridge was tested after the storm.
La integridad estructural del puente fue probada después de la tormenta.
C1 noun /lʌmp/

Lump

bulto; trozo; pedazo
Meaning
a compact mass of a substance, especially one without a definite or regular shape
Example
She found a lump of sugar in the bowl.
Ella encontró un trozo de azúcar en el tazón.
C1 noun /ˈbæləd/

ballad

canción narrativa
Meaning
a narrative song or poem, often sentimental or romantic
Example
The singer performed a moving ballad about lost love.
El cantante interpretó una balada conmovedora sobre el amor perdido.
C1 adjective/verb /ˈprɒstreɪt/

prostrate

postrado
Meaning
lying stretched out on the ground with one's face downward, often as a sign of submission or exhaustion
Example
He lay prostrate on the ground after the long battle.
Él se tiró postrado en el suelo después de la larga batalla.
B2 verb /ɪnˈteɪl/

entail

implicar
Meaning
to involve something as a necessary or inevitable part or consequence
Example
The job will entail a lot of travel across the country.
El trabajo implicará mucho viaje por el país.
C2 noun /ˈɪrɪtənsi/

irritancy

irritación
Meaning
the quality or state of causing irritation; legal or formal invalidation
Example
The constant noise became an irritancy to the neighbors.
El ruido constante se convirtió en una irritación para los vecinos.
B2 verb /ɪɡˈzɜrt/

exert

ejercer
Meaning
to apply or bring to bear; to use physical or mental effort
Example
He exerted all his strength to lift the heavy box.
Él ejerció toda su fuerza para levantar la caja pesada.
B2 verb /tiːz/

Tease

burlarse
Meaning
to make fun of someone in a playful or unkind way
Example
Children often tease their younger siblings playfully.
Los niños a menudo se burlan de sus hermanos pequeños juguetonamente.
C1 noun /haɪˈpɒθəsɪs/

hypothesis

hipótesis
Meaning
a proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.
Example
The scientist tested her hypothesis through multiple experiments.
La científica probó su hipótesis mediante múltiples experimentos.
C1 adjective /ˈwaɪ.li/

Wily

astuto; astuto; engañoso
Meaning
clever; cunning; sly
Example
The wily fox escaped from the trap using his cunning intelligence.
El zorro astuto escapó de la trampa utilizando su inteligencia astuta.
C2 noun ˌmæɡnəˈnɪmɪti

magnanimity

magnanimidad
Meaning
Generosity in forgiving an insult or injury; forbearance.
Example
His magnanimity towards his competitors was admirable.
Su magnanimidad hacia sus competidores fue admirable.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpjuː.t̬ɪd/

Reputed

reputado; famoso
Meaning
generally said or believed to be; having a particular reputation
Example
He is reputed to be one of the best doctors in the country.
Se le considera uno de los mejores médicos del país.
B2 noun /dɪˈnaɪ.əl/

Denial

negación
Meaning
the action of declaring something to be untrue; refusal to acknowledge something
Example
His denial of involvement in the scandal was met with skepticism.
Su negación de su involucramiento en el escándalo fue recibida con escepticismo.
C2 verb /ˈæpɪtaɪz/

appetize

estimular el apetito
Meaning
to stimulate the appetite; to make someone eager or interested
Example
The aroma of fresh bread will appetize the guests before dinner.
El aroma del pan fresco estimulará el apetito de los invitados.
C2 noun /ˈsɛnʃəns/

sentience

sentiencia
Meaning
The capacity to feel, perceive, or experience subjectively.
Example
Many argue that animals possess sentience.
Muchos argumentan que los animales poseen sentiencia.
A2 verb/adjective /lɒst/

lost

perdido
Meaning
Unable to find the way; no longer in possession of something.
Example
He lost his keys and couldn’t enter the house.
Él perdió sus llaves y no pudo entrar a la casa.
C1 adjective ˌsʌbˈlɪm.ɪ.nəl

subliminal

existente o que opera por debajo del umbral de conciencia, percibido o que afecta la mente de alguien sin que lo sepa
Meaning
Existing or operating below the threshold of consciousness; perceived by or affecting someone's mind without their being aware of it.
Example
Advertisements often have subliminal messages.
Los anuncios a menudo contienen mensajes subliminales.
A2 verb /ˈædɪd/

added

añadido
Meaning
to join something to something else to increase its size, number, or amount
Example
She added sugar to her coffee.
Ella añadió azúcar a su café.
B1 noun ɡʊdz

goods

mercancías
Meaning
Merchandise or possessions; things that are bought and sold.
Example
The company produces high-quality goods for export.
La empresa fabrica mercancías de alta calidad para la exportación.
B1 adverb /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪkli/

automatically

automáticamente
Meaning
without human control or intervention; done by itself
Example
The door closes automatically after you enter.
La puerta se cierra automáticamente después de que entras.
B1 adverb /ˈprɒpərli/

properly

correctamente
Meaning
in the correct or suitable manner
Example
He performed the task properly to avoid mistakes.
Él realizó la tarea correctamente para evitar errores.
C2 adjective /ˌɛnkəˈmiːæstɪk/

encomiastic

elogioso
Meaning
Expressing praise; laudatory.
Example
The book was filled with encomiastic remarks about the author.
El libro estaba lleno de comentarios elogiosos sobre el autor.
A1 noun /ˈdɪnər/

Dinner

cena
Meaning
the main meal of the day, typically eaten in the evening
Example
The family gathered for dinner at 7 PM.
La familia se reunió para la cena a las 7 PM.
A2 adjective /ˈmærid/

Married

casado
Meaning
having a husband or wife
Example
She is married to a doctor.
Ella está casada con un doctor.
B1 noun /ˈmaɪ.krəˌskoʊp/

microscope

microscopio
Meaning
An optical instrument used for viewing very small objects, such as cells, by magnifying them.
Example
The scientist observed the bacteria under the microscope.
El científico observó las bacterias bajo el microscopio.